CN101277078B - Solar spot light photovoltaic generating system - Google Patents
Solar spot light photovoltaic generating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101277078B CN101277078B CN2008100177650A CN200810017765A CN101277078B CN 101277078 B CN101277078 B CN 101277078B CN 2008100177650 A CN2008100177650 A CN 2008100177650A CN 200810017765 A CN200810017765 A CN 200810017765A CN 101277078 B CN101277078 B CN 101277078B
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- light
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to the field of solar energy photovoltaic power generation, in particular discloses a solar energy light gathering photovoltaic power generation system. The system comprises a gathered-light receiving device (1), a light transmission pipe (2), a photovoltaic battery, a spectroscope (3) and a black box (4). The photovoltaic battery is arranged in the black box (4). The light selectively enters the black box (4) through the gathered-light receiving device (1), the light transmission pipe (2) and the spectroscope (3) and irradiates the photovoltaic battery with corresponding forbidden band width to generate power. The photovoltaic power generation system of the invention has higher light gathering radio and can save a considerable area of the photovoltaic battery. The light selectively irradiates the photovoltaic batteries with different forbidden band widths when the light is split through the spectroscope. The usage factor of light, the power generating efficiency and power output of the photovoltaic battery are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy power generating field, particularly a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Multipotency receives on every square metre of area of earth surface solar energy every day is only about one kilowatt, if power conversion efficiency (pce) calculates by 15%, build the power station of 1MW, adopt flat photovoltaic power generation apparatus, only the photovoltaic cell area just needs about 10,000 square metres.Because, saving the photovoltaic cell area at photovoltaic cell, the prime cost of photovoltaic power generation apparatus just can reduce installation cost, reason that light collecting photovoltaic power generation apparatus arises at the historic moment that Here it is.Though Fresnel lens optically focused ratio can be done very highly, however higher to requirements such as photovoltaic cell material, technology, coolings, therefore, limited its application.
The reflection concentration type photovoltaic power generation apparatus should be first elected the light funnel at present, and its theoretical limit optically focused ratio is 7 times, and practical application is 3～4 times.The light funnel has been saved the photovoltaic cell area, has reduced cost of electricity-generating, is undoubtedly a much progress, but because the restriction of the draw ratio of its structure, the optically focused ratio is restricted, and cost reduces limited.
Though the light funnel has 3～4 times optically focused ratio, also introduced 3～4 times heat simultaneously, though utilize big conducting strip heat conduction in the design and increase fin, but still have the problem that power conversion efficiency (pce) descends under the high-temperature.Reason is, behind the light funnel light concentrating, has not only improved the irradiance to photovoltaic cell, makes the proportional raising of generated output, has also improved the temperature of photovoltaic cell simultaneously, and generating efficiency is reduced.If temperature is too high, photovoltaic cell can not be worked.The light concentrating times raising causes photovoltaic battery temperature to rise, and this is a bottleneck problem of restriction optically focused technical development.
Present photovoltaic cell no matter be flat or light collecting, shine upon some light of back and is reflected away, and therefore, by increasing antireflective coating so that increase the light that enters photovoltaic cell, light utilization can reach 90%.Yet the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell only reaches about 15%, most of light ray energy is not converted into electric energy, but be converted into heat energy, wherein a part of light ray energy can not be generated electricity less than the photovoltaic cell energy gap and heated photovoltaic cell, and another part light ray energy (hv-Eg) surpasses the photovoltaic cell energy gap and also become heat.
The laminated type photovoltaic cell can be converted into electric energy with light ray energy largely.It is that photovoltaic cell is divided into multilayer, upper strata wide photovoltaic cell such as the GaAs of energy gap, lower floor's narrow photovoltaic cell such as tin gallium of energy gap, irradiate light is on the wide photovoltaic cell of energy gap, light generating greater than energy gap, light less than energy gap passes the upper strata, the narrow photovoltaic cell capable of generating power of irradiation lower floor's energy gap.By light is divided into multistage, each section is with the different photovoltaic cell capable of generating power of energy gap, and the difference energy accumulation of hv-Eg is little, like this, and light utilization height, generating efficiency height.Yet lamination photovoltaic cell manufacturing process than common photovoltaic cell complexity many, and the high problem of photovoltaic cell heat is difficult to solve, and causes that to promote difficulty big.
Summary of the invention
Defective such as low at present reflection concentration type photovoltaic generating system light concentrating times, that irradiance is low, photovoltaic battery temperature is high, light utilization is low, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system, this system not only can overcome above-mentioned defective, and can improve photovoltaic cell capable of generating power efficient and generated output, reduce cost of electricity-generating.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system, comprise optically focused receiving system, light-transmissive conduits, photovoltaic cell, it is characterized in that, also comprise spectroscope and black box, described photovoltaic cell is arranged in the black box, and light optionally enters black box by described optically focused receiving system, light-transmissive conduits, spectroscope, and the photovoltaic cell that shines corresponding energy gap generates electricity.
The present invention further improves technical characterstic and is:
(1) described spectroscope is hot light microscopic or cold mirror, and the photovoltaic cell of different energy gaps is arranged in the different black boxs, and light optionally enters different black boxs after overheated light microscopic or cold mirror beam split, and the photovoltaic cell that shines corresponding energy gap generates electricity.
(2) at the bottom of described black box comprises box, lid and be arranged on the light distributor of lid inner top, described lid inner surface and light distributor outer surface are the parabola surfaces of revolution, the two parabola surfacess of revolution are to rotate after the parabolical substantially axis translation and form, its focus is annulus and coincidence, on described photovoltaic cell is arranged at the bottom of the box; It at the bottom of the described box photovoltaic cell; Described photovoltaic cell is flat photovoltaic cell, the no antireflective coating in described flat photovoltaic cell surface.
(3) described optically focused receiving system is made up of the array of optically focused receiver.Described optically focused receiver comprises concentrator, reflector, light constrictor, and reflector is arranged on described concentrator central upper portion, and the light constrictor is arranged on described concentrator bottom centre, collects light, imports described light-transmissive conduits; The inner surface of described concentrator is the parabola that opening makes progress, the inner surface of described reflector is the parabola that Open Side Down, and above-mentioned two parabolic focus overlap, and the top of described smooth constrictor is round taper hole, the bottom is a cylindrical hole, this round taper hole and cylindrical hole coaxial communication.
Technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art has tangible beneficial effect, and is specific as follows:
(1) adopts hot light microscopic or cold mirror,, shine the photovoltaic cell of different energy gaps respectively the light separated into two parts.Especially will separate the wide harmful infrared ray of photovoltaic cell capable of generating power of energy gap, reduce photovoltaic battery temperature relatively, and utilize the narrow photovoltaic cell of this part irradiate light energy gap to generate electricity again simultaneously, improve generating efficiency.Like this, utilize ordinary flat formula photovoltaic cell to reach laminated type photovoltaic cell usefulness.And, because photovoltaic battery temperature reduces relatively, can further improve the optically focused ratio of optically focused receiver again, can improve generated output more.
(2) photovoltaic cell is arranged at the bottom of the black box box, enters the light uniform irradiation photovoltaic cell of black box, light reflects between black box inner surface and photovoltaic cell surface, and escape probability is little, has improved irradiance and light utilization; And the back side of photovoltaic cell contacts with metallic plate, and the big electric current behind the optically focused is passed through smoothly, makes the higher temperature that produces behind the concentrating to generate power pass to the bigger black box heat radiation of surface area simultaneously.At the bottom of utilizing photovoltaic cell as box, above-mentioned effect is more obvious.
(3) the optically focused receiving system is made up of the array of optically focused receiver, and the big I of optically focused ratio is with the ratio adjustment of concentrator bore area in the array and photovoltaic cell area.As not considering fiber-loss, optically focused is than improving X doubly, and light irradiance just improves X doubly, and short circuit current improves X doubly, and open circuit voltage improves [(nkT/q) lnX/v
0] doubly, power improves X{1+[(nkT/q) lnX/v
0] doubly.If during X=10, ln10=2.30, power reach 10 * 1.21=12.1 doubly.
(4) concentrator of optically focused receiver is small, and directly punch forming has not only reduced cost but also reduced windage.
Show that by theory analysis small-sized parabolic shape optically focused receiver array is adopted in this invention, can obtain 10～20 times of optically focused ratios, as not considering fiber-loss, can improve 10～20 times irradiance and short circuit current, open circuit voltage improves 20%～25%, and generated output improves 11～24 times.Adopt the present invention, cost of electricity-generating significantly reduces, and becomes possibility thereby make solar energy power generating enter the mass market stage.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 is the solar spot light photovoltaic generating system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an optically focused receiving system schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an optically focused receiver profile;
Fig. 4 is the concentrator vertical view;
Fig. 5 is the black box profile.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention is a kind of solar concentrating photovoltaic battery generating system, comprise optically focused receiving system 1, light-transmissive conduits 2, spectroscope 3, be provided with the black box 4 of different energy gap photovoltaic cells, sunray is sent into respectively in the black box 4 that is provided with different energy gap photovoltaic cells by described optically focused receiving system 1, light-transmissive conduits 2, spectroscope 3.
Optically focused receiving system 1 can be made up of the array of a plurality of optically focused receivers 5, is installed on the tracking means 6.The light that optically focused receiver 5 is assembled is transferred in the light-transmissive conduits 2 by each branch pipe(tube), and spectroscope 3 is installed at the middle part of light-transmissive conduits 2.Spectroscope 3 can be hot light microscopic or cold mirror.When spectroscope 3 adopted hot light microscopic, light was by hot light microscopic separated into two parts, and the light that passes hot light microscopic enters in the black box that is provided with the wide photovoltaic cell of energy gap, and the light of hot light microscopic reflection enters in the black box that is provided with the narrow photovoltaic cell of energy gap.When spectroscope 3 adopted cold mirror, light was by the cold mirror separated into two parts, and the light that passes cold mirror enters in the black box that is provided with the narrow photovoltaic cell of energy gap, and the light of cold mirror reflection enters in the black box that is provided with the wide photovoltaic cell of energy gap.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, optically focused receiver 5 comprises concentrator 8, transparent glass 9, reflector 10, light constrictor 11, transparent glass 9 is arranged on described concentrator 8 upper opening places, reflector 10 is positioned at below the transparent glass 9, be fixed in described concentrator 8 upper opening centers by support, it is parabolic that its inner surface is that Open Side Down, and concentrator 8 inner surfaces are the parabola that opening makes progress, and above-mentioned two paraboloidal focuses overlap.Light constrictor 11 is arranged on the bottom centre of described concentrator 8, and its top is round taper hole, and the bottom is a cylindrical hole, this round taper hole and cylindrical hole coaxial communication.Parallel rays is gathered focus by concentrator 8, the light that focus is sent device 10 parallel the injecting in the light constrictor 11 that are reflected, imports light-transmissive conduits 2 downwards.Described transparent glass 9 can adopt high transmission rate toughened glass or hard glass.Described concentrator can be single parabolic condenser, also can be made up of Fresnel Lenses.
With reference to Fig. 5, black box 4 comprises at the bottom of the box 12, lid 13 and be arranged on the light distributor 14 of lid 13 inner tops, described lid 13 inner surfaces and light distributor 14 outer surfaces are the parabola surfaces of revolution, the two parabola surfacess of revolution are to rotate after the parabolical substantially axis translation and form, its focus is annulus and coincidence, described light distributor 14 is fixed on the lid 13 by support, and described photovoltaic cell is arranged at the bottom of the box on 12.Black box 4 receives through the light after the beam split, and the outer surface of irradiates light distributor 14 is focused to annulus, and the reflection of the light parabola surfaces of revolution in lid 13 that penetrates from the annulus focus is radiated on the photovoltaic cell surface that is positioned at 12 places at the bottom of the box equably.The reflection ray of photovoltaic cell is reflected by the parabola surfaces of revolution in the lid 13, has so just improved irradiance with the light that newly enters black box 4 is another with the irradiation photovoltaic cell, has improved generated output.12 are not provided with the photovoltaic cell unit by light distributor 14 shield portions at the bottom of the box, are the material of minute surface and lay the surface.12 also can directly replace with photovoltaic cell at the bottom of the box, also help the heat radiation of photovoltaic cell like this.Photovoltaic cell also can be arranged on black box lid 13 inner surfaces, for example sticks the diaphragm type photovoltaic cell at lid 13 inner surfaces.
12 photovoltaic cells that are provided with are flat photovoltaic cell at the bottom of the box, can be to use the ordinary flat formula photovoltaic cell of a light intensity, and can there be antireflective coating on its surface, also can not have antireflective coating.In light enters black box 4, its escape probability is very little, and antireflective coating can not done in the photovoltaic cell surface, does not have the photovoltaic cell surface reflectivity of antireflective coating very high (about 30%), black box 4 internal reflection light with enter light and shine photovoltaic cell jointly, can significantly improve irradiance.
At the photovoltaic cell of different energy gaps, adopt the photovoltaic cell of two kinds of different energy gaps to cooperate respectively, as GaAs and tin gallium, monocrystalline silicon and germanium etc.Also the photovoltaic cell of available two or more different energy gaps cooperates.
In the present embodiment, optically focused receiver 5, light-transmissive conduits 2, black box 4 and the connection between them all are in sealing state, and waterproof and dustproof, anticorrosion can guarantee the validity and the reliability of optically focused, generating and the useful life of improving this electricity generation system.
Claims (9)
1. solar spot light photovoltaic generating system, comprise optically focused receiving system (1), light-transmissive conduits (2), photovoltaic cell, it is characterized in that, also comprise spectroscope (3) and black box (4), described photovoltaic cell is arranged in the black box (4), light optionally enters black box (4) by described optically focused receiving system (1), light-transmissive conduits (2), spectroscope (3), and the photovoltaic cell that shines corresponding energy gap generates electricity.
2. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described spectroscope (3) is hot light microscopic or cold mirror, the photovoltaic cell of different energy gaps is arranged in the different black box (4), light is after overheated light microscopic or cold mirror beam split, optionally enter different black boxs (4), the photovoltaic cell that shines corresponding energy gap generates electricity.
3. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described black box (4) comprises (12) at the bottom of the box, lid (13) and is arranged on the light distributor (14) of lid (13) inner top, described lid (13) inner surface and light distributor (14) outer surface are the parabola surfaces of revolution, the two parabola surfacess of revolution are to rotate after the parabolical substantially axis translation and form, its focus is annulus and coincidence, and described photovoltaic cell is arranged at the bottom of the box on (12).
4. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, is photovoltaic cell at the bottom of the described box.
5. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described photovoltaic cell is flat photovoltaic cell.
6. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the no antireflective coating in described flat photovoltaic cell surface.
7. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described optically focused receiving system (1) is made up of the array of optically focused receiver (5).
8. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described optically focused receiver (5) comprises concentrator (8), reflector (10), light constrictor (11), reflector (10) is arranged on described concentrator (8) central upper portion, light constrictor (11) is arranged on described concentrator (8) bottom centre, collect light, import described light-transmissive conduits (2).
9. a kind of solar spot light photovoltaic generating system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described concentrator (8) inner surface is the parabola that opening makes progress, described reflector (10) inner surface is the parabola that Open Side Down, above-mentioned two parabolic focus overlap, the top of described smooth constrictor (11) is round taper hole, and the bottom is a cylindrical hole, this round taper hole and cylindrical hole coaxial communication.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100177650A CN101277078B (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Solar spot light photovoltaic generating system |
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| CN2008100177650A CN101277078B (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2008-03-21 | Solar spot light photovoltaic generating system |
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| CN101277078A CN101277078A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| CN101277078B true CN101277078B (en) | 2011-02-09 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101789459B (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2012-03-07 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Solar cell module |
| CN101820237B (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2013-11-27 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | Small photovoltaic device |
| CN102689597B (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2015-08-19 | 许开鸿 | Air power-photovoltaic automobile |
| CN105932953A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-09-07 | 北京信息科技大学 | Photovoltaic module based on spectrums |
| CN107611184B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | A kind of solar battery based on light splitting spectra system |
| CN107659260A (en) * | 2017-10-01 | 2018-02-02 | 深圳市普耐科技有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power generation equipment |
| CN109510584A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-22 | 王美民 | A kind of three-dimensional solar battery structure |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4313024A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1982-01-26 | Horne William E | Conversion of solar to electrical energy |
| CN1373334A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2002-10-09 | 黄家银 | Energy-gathering system for solar power station |
| CN101083288A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2007-12-05 | 邱定平 | Spectrum solar energy optical cell |
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2008
- 2008-03-21 CN CN2008100177650A patent/CN101277078B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4313024A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1982-01-26 | Horne William E | Conversion of solar to electrical energy |
| CN1373334A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2002-10-09 | 黄家银 | Energy-gathering system for solar power station |
| CN101083288A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2007-12-05 | 邱定平 | Spectrum solar energy optical cell |
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