CN112530137A - Distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method based on critical rainfall - Google Patents
Distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method based on critical rainfall Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a critical rainfall-based distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method. According to the distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method based on critical rainfall, firstly, the method can accurately position river water flow in a geographical area and two parts of a river branch, the positioning during early warning is convenient to achieve accurately, meanwhile, when river flood information is collected, a device for detecting three terminals is utilized and comprises a rain collector, a water level height sensor and a monitor, on one hand, the rain collector can accurately measure the rainfall within a fixed time length, and on the other hand, the water level height sensor can clearly measure the water level line in the river.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flood early warning, in particular to a distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method based on critical rainfall.
Background
The storm attack is influenced by the ultra-strong early-nino event, and the 2016 flood situation is extraordinary. In 2016, 6 and 18 days, strong rainfall appears in areas from southwest to Jianghuai in China, flood exceeding police occurs along with a plurality of rivers, even flood and super flood preservation actually measured and recorded in super history occur, and most areas in China enter the major flood season. Flood is a water flow phenomenon that the water volume of rivers, lakes and seas is rapidly increased or the water level is rapidly and violently increased due to natural factors such as rainstorm, rapid melting of ice and snow, storm surge and the like. When rainstorm or snow melting occurs in the drainage basin to generate runoff, the runoff is collected at the outlet section of the river channel according to the distance. When the runoff in the vicinity arrives, the river flow begins to increase, the water level correspondingly rises, and the flood is called to rise. And when most of the high-strength surface runoff is converged on the outlet section, the river flow is increased to the maximum value, namely the peak flood flow, and the corresponding highest water level is called the peak flood level.
However, when the current medium and small watershed meets with a flood season, the height of flood is often not predictable, the early warning effect of flood is improved, and meanwhile, the result obtained by a common flood early warning method is limited in accuracy, and the early warning accuracy cannot be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a critical rainfall-based distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method, and aims to solve the problems that the existing online transaction is relatively open, the confidentiality is not favorably improved, the safety in the transaction process is reduced, and the data transmission of a common transaction processing method is not fast enough, so that the transaction speed is influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a critical rainfall-based distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, subdividing an early warning network system, namely collecting DEM data, dividing a flow water area according to real-time data of a radar, marking a flood heavy disaster area, a general area and a light disaster area, strengthening monitoring intensity for the heavy disaster area, subdividing rivers in different areas after area division to ensure normal division of each branch, collecting DLG data, carrying out sectional surveying and mapping on a water system according to the radar, arranging an information acquisition terminal between each section of distance to help water system information to be rapidly transmitted, marking disaster areas of the water system according to history, and marking extracted water system information to help rapid retrieval;
step two: the information acquisition terminals are placed at different positions, and the terminals with different functions are connected to form a multi-directional receiver, so that data are transmitted to the inside of the information transmission sensor and integrated to the inside of the urban area data division by the sensor;
step three: then, a statistical model based on the riverside flashing height and the accumulated rainfall is built in the urban area data division, S1, a riverside horizontal line is set as a datum line 0, the height of a river middle water level line is measured by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1cm, S2, the initial rainfall amount is set as a standard 0, the initial rainfall amount is sequentially measured upwards by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1mm, S3, the number and the positions of information acquisition terminals in the set area are cleared, and an information acquisition database is built;
step four: meanwhile, a1, setting an early warning height, setting a nearest information acquisition terminal according to the height of different river water from a river bank, and ensuring that the information acquisition terminal corresponds to monitoring points one by one, a2, calculating the rainfall according to the water storage capacity of different rivers, thereby calculating the required accumulated rainfall before the flood is generated, and respectively calculating the required rainfall and counting the existing rainfall;
step five: and then, a grading early warning grading mode is established, the grading early warning is sequentially I, II and III according to the emergency degree, the safety defense coefficient needs to be gradually increased, after the water quantity rises, a message about flood early warning needs to be sent to each terminal every 24 hours, the message is uploaded to an image information acquisition center by the information received by the information acquisition terminal, and is sorted, classified and transmitted to the inside of urban area data division to serve as an important reference for flood early warning.
Furthermore, the method is internally provided with four parts including an information acquisition terminal, urban area data division, an image information acquisition center and a receiving terminal, wherein the output end of the information acquisition terminal is connected with the input end of the urban area data division, the output end of the urban area data division is connected with the input end of the image information acquisition center, the image information acquisition center and the receiving terminal are in bidirectional connection, and the output end of the image information acquisition center is connected with the input end of the urban area data division.
Furthermore, the information acquisition terminal comprises a rain collector, a water level height sensor, a monitor and an information transmission sensor, and the output ends of the rain collector, the water level height sensor and the monitor are connected with the input end of the information transmission sensor.
Furthermore, the rain collectors, the water level height sensors and the monitors need to be distributed equidistantly along the bank, a certain area needs to be reserved along the bank of the river for monitoring the rainfall, and the area range is limited within 5 ㎞ × 5 ㎞.
Further, the DLG data is linearly extracted from the water system, and the extracted data is divided according to the length and is combined with the water flow field division of the DEM data.
Furthermore, the DLG data and the DEM data are required to detect rainfall, and after the early warning degree is gradually increased to III, the DLG data and the DEM data are required to be in butt joint with a disaster relief center to position the flood occurrence area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method based on critical rainfall comprises the steps of firstly, accurately positioning river water flow in a geographical area and two parts of a river branch, facilitating accurate positioning during early warning, and simultaneously utilizing three terminal detection devices including a rain collector, a water level height sensor and a monitor when collecting river flood information, wherein the rain collector can accurately measure rainfall within a fixed time duration on the one hand, the water level height sensor can clearly measure a water level line in a river on the other hand, the monitor is more visual, the three devices are mutually matched, the early warning can be accurately carried out on the river height, information collection is facilitated, a very important role is played in later early warning analysis, a plurality of models are constructed, and collected information can be rapidly identified, and the set grading early warning and rating mode is also favorable for gradually prompting the early warning emergency effect, and then the disaster-prone area of the water system is marked according to the history, and the extracted water system information is marked at the same time, so that the quick retrieval is facilitated, and the timely flood fighting is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal schematic view of an information acquisition terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an internal schematic diagram of urban area data partitioning according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an internal schematic diagram of DEM data collection and DLG data collection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a first embodiment:
the invention discloses a critical rainfall-based distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method, which comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, subdividing an early warning network system, namely collecting DEM data, dividing a flow water area according to real-time data of a radar, marking a flood heavy disaster area, a general area and a light disaster area, strengthening monitoring intensity for the heavy disaster area, subdividing rivers in different areas after area division to ensure normal division of each branch, collecting DLG data, carrying out sectional surveying and mapping on a water system according to the radar, arranging an information acquisition terminal between each section of distance to help water system information to be rapidly transmitted, marking disaster areas of the water system according to history, and marking extracted water system information to help rapid retrieval;
step two: the information acquisition terminals are placed at different positions, and the terminals with different functions are connected to form a multi-directional receiver, so that data are transmitted to the inside of the information transmission sensor and integrated to the inside of the urban area data division by the sensor;
step three: then, a statistical model based on the riverside flashing height and the accumulated rainfall is built in the urban area data division, S1, a riverside horizontal line is set as a datum line 0, the height of a river middle water level line is measured by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1cm, S2, the initial rainfall amount is set as a standard 0, the initial rainfall amount is sequentially measured upwards by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1mm, S3, the number and the positions of information acquisition terminals in the set area are cleared, and an information acquisition database is built;
step four: meanwhile, a1, setting an early warning height, setting a nearest information acquisition terminal according to the height of different river water from a river bank, and ensuring that the information acquisition terminal corresponds to monitoring points one by one, a2, calculating the rainfall according to the water storage capacity of different rivers, thereby calculating the required accumulated rainfall before the flood is generated, and respectively calculating the required rainfall and counting the existing rainfall;
step five: and then, a grading early warning grading mode is established, the grading early warning is sequentially I, II and III according to the emergency degree, the safety defense coefficient needs to be gradually increased, after the water quantity rises, a message about flood early warning needs to be sent to each terminal every 24 hours, the message is uploaded to an image information acquisition center by the information received by the information acquisition terminal, and is sorted, classified and transmitted to the inside of urban area data division to serve as an important reference for flood early warning.
The method can utilize various different information acquisition terminals to timely master the water flow conditions of different watersheds, firstly, the method can accurately position the water flow of the river in a geographical area and two parts of a river branch, so that the positioning during early warning is convenient, meanwhile, when collecting river flood information, a device for detecting three terminals is utilized, and comprises a rain collector, a water level height sensor and a monitor, wherein the rain collector can accurately measure the rainfall within a fixed time length on the one hand, the water level height sensor can clearly measure the water level line in the river on the other hand, the monitor is more visual, the three parts are mutually matched, so that the early warning can be very accurately carried out on the height of the river, the information acquisition is convenient, the important function is played on later early warning analysis, a plurality of models are constructed, and the acquired information can be rapidly identified, and the set grading early warning and rating mode is also favorable for gradually prompting the early warning emergency effect, and then the disaster-prone area of the water system is marked according to the history, and the extracted water system information is marked at the same time, so that the quick retrieval is facilitated, and the timely flood fighting is facilitated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A critical rainfall-based distributed medium and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, subdividing an early warning network system, namely collecting DEM data, dividing a flow water area according to real-time data of a radar, marking a flood heavy disaster area, a general area and a light disaster area, strengthening monitoring intensity for the heavy disaster area, subdividing rivers in different areas after area division to ensure normal division of each branch, collecting DLG data, carrying out sectional surveying and mapping on a water system according to the radar, arranging an information acquisition terminal between each section of distance to help water system information to be rapidly transmitted, marking disaster areas of the water system according to history, and marking extracted water system information to help rapid retrieval;
step two: the information acquisition terminals are placed at different positions, and the terminals with different functions are connected to form a multi-directional receiver, so that data are transmitted to the inside of the information transmission sensor and integrated to the inside of the urban area data division by the sensor;
step three: then, a statistical model based on the riverside flashing height and the accumulated rainfall is built in the urban area data division, S1, a riverside horizontal line is set as a datum line 0, the height of a river middle water level line is measured by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1cm, S2, the initial rainfall amount is set as a standard 0, the initial rainfall amount is sequentially measured upwards by taking the datum line as a standard and is accurate to 0.1mm, S3, the number and the positions of information acquisition terminals in the set area are cleared, and an information acquisition database is built;
step four: meanwhile, a1, setting an early warning height, setting a nearest information acquisition terminal according to the height of different river water from a river bank, and ensuring that the information acquisition terminal corresponds to monitoring points one by one, a2, calculating the rainfall according to the water storage capacity of different rivers, thereby calculating the required accumulated rainfall before the flood is generated, and respectively calculating the required rainfall and counting the existing rainfall;
step five: and then, a grading early warning grading mode is established, the grading early warning is sequentially I, II and III according to the emergency degree, the safety defense coefficient needs to be gradually increased, after the water quantity rises, a message about flood early warning needs to be sent to each terminal every 24 hours, the message is uploaded to an image information acquisition center by the information received by the information acquisition terminal, and is sorted, classified and transmitted to the inside of urban area data division to serve as an important reference for flood early warning.
2. The critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that an information acquisition terminal, urban area data division, an image information acquisition center and a receiving terminal are arranged inside the method, the output end of the information acquisition terminal is connected with the input end of the urban area data division, the output end of the urban area data division is connected with the input end of the image information acquisition center, the image information acquisition center and the receiving terminal are in bidirectional connection, and the output end of the image information acquisition center is connected with the input end of the urban area data division.
3. The critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps: the information acquisition terminal comprises a rain collector, a water level height sensor, a monitor and an information transmission sensor, and the output ends of the rain collector, the water level height sensor and the monitor are connected with the input end of the information transmission sensor.
4. The critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method according to claim 3, wherein the critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps: the rain collectors, the water level height sensors and the monitors need to be distributed equidistantly along the bank, a certain area needs to be reserved along the bank of the river for monitoring the rainfall, and the area range is limited within 5 ㎞ × 5 ㎞.
5. The critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps: the DLG data is linearly extracted from the water system, and the extracted data is divided according to the length and is combined with the water flow field division of the DEM data.
6. The critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the critical rainfall-based distributed middle and small watershed geological disaster and flood early warning method comprises the following steps: the DLG data and the DEM data are required to detect rainfall, and after the early warning degree is gradually increased to III, the DLG data and the DEM data are required to be in butt joint with a disaster relief center to position the flood occurrence area.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113281742A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-20 | 西南交通大学 | SAR landslide early warning method based on landslide deformation information and meteorological data |
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| CN111538798A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-14 | 武汉大学 | Urban catchment area fine extraction method considering DSM and DLG |
| CN111649727A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-11 | 高原 | Water and rain condition monitoring method and system |
| CN111915847A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 成都万江港利科技股份有限公司 | Refined rainfall forecasting system and early warning method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2012194738A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-10-11 | Toshiba Corp | Information distribution system, and information distribution device, information distribution method and program for information distribution to be used for the same |
| CN108597189A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-28 | 河海大学 | Small watershed geological disaster and flood warning method in distribution based on Critical Rainfall |
| CN111538798A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-14 | 武汉大学 | Urban catchment area fine extraction method considering DSM and DLG |
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| CN113281742A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-20 | 西南交通大学 | SAR landslide early warning method based on landslide deformation information and meteorological data |
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