CN112529651A - Real estate transaction method based on block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain-based real estate transaction method, which is used for solving the problems that real estate transaction time is long, cost is high, and privacy information of two transaction parties is difficult to protect in the prior art. After a house property seller signs an intelligent contract with a buyer, a transaction identifier corresponding to the house property seller in a block chain is changed; pre-estimating the commission charge for executing the intelligent contract and deducting the commission charge from the external accounts of the two transaction parties; determining that the buyer transfers the house money from the external account of the buyer to a contract account of the house seller, and locking the contract account of the house seller; and after the locking time reaches a threshold value, determining that the property seller transfers the property in the contract account to the external account of the property seller, and after receiving a confirmation instruction of the property seller, taking a hash value obtained by carrying out hash operation according to the property information and the personal information of the buyer as a new property ID. The method has the advantages that the safety and privacy of the transaction of both transaction parties are guaranteed, and the transaction is also guaranteed to be carried out smoothly.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of application software service, in particular to a block chain-based real estate transaction method.
Background art:
the current property trade is basically a trade between a house buyer and a house seller directly or through an intermediary agency. A plurality of uncertain factors exist in the house property transaction process, the time required by the transaction is generally long, the cost is generally high, and the information of both parties of the transaction, especially the privacy information, cannot be well protected. Moreover, the authenticity of the property information published on the network is difficult to identify. In order to prevent various fraudulent behaviors in the house property transaction process, various terms are often formulated between two transaction parties through an intermediary, or the transaction risk is reduced as much as possible by methods such as notarization at a notarization place between the two parties, but the occurrence of the house property transaction fraudulent behaviors is still difficult to avoid.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a block chain-based real estate transaction method, which is used for solving the problems that real estate transaction time is long, cost is high, and privacy information of two transaction parties is difficult to be well protected in the prior art.
The invention provides a block chain-based real estate transaction method, which comprises the following steps:
after the house property seller signs an intelligent contract with the buyer, the trade mark corresponding to the house property seller in the block chain is changed into a trade mark between the buyer and the house property seller;
pre-estimating the commission charge for executing the intelligent contract, and deducting the commission charge from the external accounts of both the house property seller and the buyer;
determining that the buyer transfers the house money from the external account of the buyer to a contract account of the house seller, and locking the contract account of the house seller, wherein the house money is the house equivalent digital currency specified in the intelligent contract;
and after the locking time reaches a threshold value, determining that the property seller transfers the property in the contract account to the external account of the property seller, and after receiving a confirmation instruction of the property seller, taking a hash value obtained by carrying out hash operation according to the property information and the personal information of the buyer as a new property ID.
Preferably, the block chain stores transaction identifiers of each transaction party, the transaction parties are house sellers and buyers, the house of the house sellers has the buyers transacted with the house sellers, the transaction identifiers are 1, and the house sellers have no buyers transacted with the house sellers or the transaction identifiers of the buyers are 0.
Preferably, a trading party ID is stored in the blockchain, the trading party ID of the property seller is a hash value obtained by performing hash operation on the property seller personal information and the property information, and the trading party ID of the buyer is a hash value obtained by performing hash operation on the buyer personal information.
Preferably, after a hash value obtained by hash operation according to the property information and the individual information of the buyer is used as a new property ID, the house seller and buyer transaction party IDs are changed in the blockchain.
Preferably, the pre-estimated commission for executing the intelligent contract is deducted from the external accounts of both the property seller and the buyer, including:
pre-collecting N times of digital currency of the estimated commission charge, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and deducting the N times of digital currency from external accounts of both the house property seller and the buyer in proportion according to the proportion paid by negotiation between the house property buyer and the seller;
after the intelligent contract is successfully executed or unsuccessfully executed, the digital currency, which is collected except the handling fee, in the N times of digital currency is proportionally returned to the external accounts of the property seller and the buyer respectively.
Preferably, after the hash value obtained by the hash operation according to the property information and the personal information of the purchaser is used as the new property ID, the method includes: and sending the property information and the new property ID to the property release system, and changing the property ID of the corresponding property in the property release system.
Preferably, the blockchain is created by a participant participating in the consensus mechanism to obtain the accounting rights; the participant with the largest consensus influence in the consensus mechanism obtains the accounting right, and the consensus influence of the participant i in the current block
Wherein E is the voting influence coefficient, PiObtaining the number of votes paid to it by other participants for participant i in the current block, S is the number of successful transactions participated in by participant i in all the blocks currently generated, DjThe distance of the jth successful transaction, f the number of failed transactions participated in by the participant i in all the blocks currently generated, and VjThe property value for the j-th successful transaction, dkDistance, v, for the k-th failed transactionkThe property value for the kth failed transaction; the distance between two adjacent blocks is 1, and the transaction distance is the distance between the current block and the block where the transaction is located;
and if the current block is the first block on the block chain, the participant with the highest ticket number obtains the accounting right.
Preferably, the participants in the consensus mechanism who obtain the accounting right obtain the block-out reward given by the blockchain system, and the block-out reward is proportional to the consensus influence of all the participants.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: the block chain technical skill ensures the publicity and authenticity of the house property information, can also protect the information privacy of house property sellers, and effectively inhibits the transmission of false house property information on the network due to the real-time update of a house property information issuing system; based on the blockchain technology, a consensus mechanism suitable for real estate transaction and a storage structure of blockchain information are designed, so that the real estate transaction efficiency is greatly improved, the cost of both parties of the transaction is reduced, the security and privacy of the transaction of both parties of the transaction are ensured by the whole real estate transaction execution algorithm and the real estate information updating method based on the intelligent contract, and the smooth proceeding of the transaction is also ensured.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to provide a scheme for reducing the cost in the house property transaction process and protecting the privacy of both transaction parties, the invention provides a house property transaction method based on a block chain, and a preferred embodiment of the invention is described below.
The whole system comprises a real estate information issuing system, a block chain system for storing real estate information and a real estate transaction system based on an intelligent contract; the house property information publishing system is used for displaying relevant information of the house, such as house property positions, photos, valuation information and the like, and information of house sellers is encrypted and hidden; the block chain system for storing the real estate information, the structure of the blocks in the block chain comprises a block head and a block body, and the block head comprises: block size, total transaction number, parent block hash value, timestamp, transaction identifier, transaction party ID, and MERKLE root. The first block generated by the block chain system for real estate transactions is called a foundational real estate block, and the block has no parent block hash value, and the parent block hash value in the block header can be set to 0.
(1) Block size (4 bytes), total number of transactions (4 bytes) and block-out speed: suppose that the size of each property transaction message is c (KB)Information of each trading party is obtained, wherein the house seller and the house buyer owning the house are both house trading information, the block size is D (MB), and the total number of trades which can be contained in one block is S1024 × D/c; to ensure the efficiency of transaction completion, the generation time of each block is determined by three factors: (1) the shortest generation time of a given block is TmThe maximum generation time is TM. The maximum number of transactions in a block is S. If the number of transactions in a block is at time TmIf the transaction is filled with S transactions, it is necessary to wait for a time TmSo that the next block can be generated; if the time has arrived TMIf the number of transactions in the block has not reached S, then at time TMA new block is created at a time.
(2) Parent chunk hash value (32 bytes): and the hash value obtained after hash operation of all information at the head of the previous block, namely the parent block, of the current block is the parent block hash value in the current block.
(3) Timestamp (4 bytes): is the generation time of the current block.
(4) Transaction identification (
Byte, N is number of transaction parties): and storing the transaction identification corresponding to each transaction party according to the sequence of the transaction party entering the block, wherein the transaction party is a house seller or a buyer, the house of the house seller has the buyer to transact with the house seller, the transaction identification is 1, and no buyer transacts with the house seller or the transaction identifications of the buyer are all 0.
(5) Transaction party ID (32 bytes): the ID of the property seller and the ID of the buyer are obtained, the ID of the transaction party of the property seller is a hash value obtained by performing hash operation on the personal information of the property seller and the property information, and the ID of the transaction party of the buyer is a hash value obtained by performing hash operation on the personal information of the buyer.
(6) MERKLE root (32 bytes): and (4) carrying out hash operation on all transaction party IDs in the block to generate a MERKLE root value for verifying the authenticity of the transaction.
Zone block body: and storing information of all transaction data in the block, wherein the information is derived from participants in the real estate information issuing system, such as both real estate transaction parties.
The design of a consensus mechanism, so-called consensus, refers to a process in which nodes participating in multiple parties agree on certain data, behaviors or processes through interaction of multiple nodes under a preset rule. Each block in the block chain is created by a participant who participates in the consensus mechanism and obtains the accounting right, and the participant who obtains the accounting right can charge the transaction fee of the rest participants;
the participant with the largest recognition influence in the consensus mechanism obtains the accounting right, and the participant i has the largest consensus influence in the current block
Wherein E is the voting influence coefficient, PiObtaining the number of votes paid to it by other participants for participant i in the current block, S is the number of successful transactions participated in by participant i in all the blocks currently generated, DjThe distance of the jth successful transaction, f the number of failed transactions participated in by the participant i in all the blocks currently generated, and VjThe property value for the j-th successful transaction, dkDistance, v, for the k-th failed transactionkThe property value of the k-th failed transaction. The distance between two adjacent blocks is 1, and the transaction distance is the distance between the current block and the block where the transaction is located.
If the accounting right of the first block on the block chain is the accounting right, the accounting right is determined only by the number of votes; the participant with the highest number of tickets obtains the accounting right.
Specifically, the accounting rights for the intra-block transaction are determined by the house seller and buyer participating in the consensus mechanism, but only the participant (the house seller or buyer) who obtains the accounting rights receives the block-out reward given by the blockchain system and can charge the transaction fee for the remaining participants. The sequence number of the first block generated on the block chain is set to be 1, and the sequence number is increased by 1 on the basis of the sequence number of the previous block every time a block is added. The distance of transactions on the blockchain is defined as: if the serial number of the block where the transaction is located is s1 and the serial number of the latest block in the current blockchain is s2, the value of s2-s1+1 is defined as the distance of the transaction. The factors that determine whether a participant can obtain billing rights are as follows: the distance of all successful transactions of the participants on the blockchain and the corresponding amount of the transactions; the distance of all transaction failures of the participants on the blockchain and the corresponding transaction amount; the participant gets the number of votes other participants in the current block support their billing. And the product of the trading distance and the corresponding trading amount is called the trading house equity of the trading. The specific method is designed as follows:
for the billing right of the first block on the blockchain, it is only decided by the number of votes it gets. The participant who obtains the highest ticket number is used as a bookkeeper; if two or even more participants get the same highest number of votes, then two cases are considered: (1) if there are house sellers, the accounting right obtained by the seller with the highest house pre-sale price is specified (if there are a plurality of sellers with the highest house pre-sale price, one of them is randomly selected by the system to obtain the accounting right); (2) if the house buyers all are house buyers, the system randomly selects one of the house buyers to obtain the billing right.
The consensus process for the mth block on the blockchain is as follows: assume that the current tile has a total of n billers participating in the consensus. Suppose that the participant i in the current block participates in S successful transactions in the currently generated M blocks, and the distances of the S successful transactions are D1、D2、……、DSThe house property value of successful transaction is other V1、V2、……、Vs. The participant i in the current block M has f failed transactions, and the distances of the f failed transactions are d1、d2、……、df(ii) a The property value of the failed transaction is other v1、v2、……、 vf. The participant i obtains a vote count P of all other n-1 participants within the current block Mi. And E is a parameter adjusted according to the actual house property trading scene to promote more users to be willing to trade the house property on the block chain, wherein E is more than or equal to 1. If P is obtained by participant i in current block MiTicket, then equivalent to it obtained EPiTrading the property right. Then the total trading house equity of the ith (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n) participant in the block is calculated, namely the consensus influence CiComprises the following steps: from the formula, the larger the trading distance of the participant is, the smaller the influence of the participant on trading the house property right is; the participant avoids performing the failed transaction as much as possible in order to obtain the accounting right for the current block, and meanwhile, the total number of votes of other participants obtained by the participant in the current block reflects the obtained support degree to a certain extent, and has an important influence on obtaining a larger transaction property right. Before the block is produced, n participating nodes with the property are used for consensus, each participating node is responsible for collecting property transaction information, after the n participating nodes are subjected to consensus, the participating node with the largest consensus influence obtains the accounting right, the property transaction information collected by the participating nodes is stored in the block to be produced currently, and the property transaction information is all related information of property sellers, properties and purchasers.
The participants who obtain the accounting right in the consensus mechanism obtain the block-out reward given by the blockchain system, and the consensus influence C of the block-out reward and all the participantsiIs in direct proportion, namely obtaining
The house currency rewards, where β is a constant coefficient.
The house currency is digital currency used in house transaction, is hooked with legal currency, and has stable exchange ratio with the legal currency.
The following describes a block chain-based real estate transaction method based on intelligent contracts, which includes the following steps:
step 100: after the house property seller signs an intelligent contract with the buyer, the trade mark corresponding to the house property seller in the block chain is changed into the trade between the buyer and the house property seller.
Specifically, both parties involved in the transaction have two accounts: an external account and a contract account, wherein transfers between two users can only be transferred from one party's external account to the other party's contract account. After the buyer intends to buy a certain house, the buyer signs an intelligent contract with the house property seller to complete the transaction, after the house property seller signs the intelligent contract with the buyer, the transaction identifier of the house property seller stored in the block chain is changed from 0 to 1 to be stored, which indicates that the house property seller is participating in house property transaction, and after the transaction identifier is changed to 1, other buyers can not sign the intelligent contract with the house property seller any more, thereby avoiding the problem that a set of house property and multiple people reach the transaction.
Step 110: a commission for executing the intelligent contract is estimated and deducted from the external accounts of both the property seller and the buyer.
Specifically, the block chain system estimates the commission charge to be paid according to the amount of system resources consumed by the house property transaction after the house property transaction is finished; in order to ensure that the contract can be executed certainly, the system pre-collects N times of digital currency of the estimated commission charge, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and the money is deducted from external accounts of both the house property seller and the buyer in proportion according to the proportion paid by negotiation between the house property buyer and the seller; after the intelligent contract is successfully executed or unsuccessfully executed, the digital currency, which is collected except the handling fee, in the N times of digital currency is proportionally returned to the external accounts of the property seller and the buyer respectively.
Step 120: and determining that the buyer transfers the house money from the external account of the buyer to the contract account of the house seller, and locking the contract account of the house seller, wherein the house money is the house equivalent digital currency specified in the intelligent contract.
Specifically, after the buyer transfers the house money paid by the transaction exchange specified in the intelligent contract from the external account to the contract account of the house property seller, the system locks the contract account of the house property seller, and the seller cannot take out the house money transferred by the buyer from the contract account and the buyer cannot cancel the transaction in the locking period.
Step 130: and after the locking time reaches a threshold value, determining that the property seller transfers the property in the contract account to the external account of the property seller, and after receiving a confirmation instruction of the property seller, taking a hash value obtained by carrying out hash operation according to the property information and the personal information of the buyer as a new property ID.
Specifically, after a seller confirms a house currency with a sufficient amount, the house money in a contract is transferred to an external account of the seller, the seller confirms the transaction, after a blockchain system receives confirmation information of the seller, the house information and personal information of a buyer are subjected to hash operation to obtain a new house ID, a stored trading party ID in a blockchain is changed, after the house of the house seller is sold, the trading party ID is a hash value obtained by the hash operation of the personal information of the buyer, and after the buyer purchases the house, the trading party ID is a hash value obtained by the hash operation of the personal information of the house seller and the house information.
And after the hash value obtained by hash operation according to the house property information and the personal information of the buyer is used as a new house property ID, the ID of the transaction party of the house property seller and the buyer is changed in the block chain, the house property information and the new house property ID are sent to the house property issuing system, and the house property ID of the corresponding house property in the house property issuing system is changed.
The block chain-based real estate transaction method determines the accounting right according to the previous transaction condition of the participant and the number of votes obtained by the participant in the current block by the consensus among a plurality of participating nodes, obtains the participating nodes which finally obtain the accounting right, links the real estate transaction information collected by the participating nodes and stores the linked information in the block chain, ensures the transaction between a real estate seller and a buyer by an intelligent contract within the block duration, reduces the transaction cost in the real estate transaction process, and can ensure that most of invalid transactions cannot be executed on the block chain by receiving the intelligent contract execution fee in the steps; in the locking period of the execution of the intelligent contract, the transaction cannot be cancelled by both parties of the transaction and any other participant cannot carry out any type of transaction with any one of the both parties of the transaction, so that the security of the transaction execution is ensured; setting up a private account of the participant to ensure privacy of the participant's digital assets; the property ID is updated in the property information issuing system after the transaction is successfully executed, so that the reliability of the property information is ensured; therefore, the false house property information is suppressed.
Claims (8)
1. A block chain-based real estate transaction method, the method comprising:
after the house property seller signs an intelligent contract with the buyer, the trade mark corresponding to the house property seller in the block chain is changed into a trade mark between the buyer and the house property seller;
pre-estimating the commission charge for executing the intelligent contract, and deducting the commission charge from the external accounts of the house property seller and the buyer;
determining that the buyer transfers the house money from the external account of the buyer to the contract account of the house seller, and locking the contract account of the house seller, wherein the house money is the house equivalent digital currency specified in the intelligent contract;
and after the locking time reaches a threshold value, determining that the property seller transfers the property in the contract account to the external account of the property seller, and after receiving a confirmation instruction of the property seller, taking a hash value obtained by carrying out hash operation according to the property information and the personal information of the buyer as a new property ID.
2. The block chain-based property transaction method according to claim 1, wherein the block chain stores transaction identifications of each transaction party, the transaction parties are the property seller and the buyer, the property seller has the buyer transacting with the property seller, the transaction identification is 1, the property seller has no buyer transacting with the property seller or the transaction identifications of the buyer are all 0.
3. The block chain-based property transaction method according to claim 2, wherein a transaction part ID is stored in the block chain, the transaction part ID of the property seller is a hash value obtained by hashing the property seller personal information and the property information, and the transaction part ID of the buyer is a hash value obtained by hashing the buyer personal information.
4. The block chain-based property transaction method according to claim 3, wherein after a hash value obtained by hashing the property information and the individual information of the buyer is used as a new property ID, the house seller and buyer's trading party IDs are changed in the block chain.
5. The block chain-based property transaction method of claim 1, wherein estimating a commission for executing the intelligent contract, deducted from external accounts of both the property seller and the buyer, comprises:
pre-collecting N times of digital currency of the estimated commission charge, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and deducting the money in proportion from external accounts of both the house property seller and the buyer according to the proportion paid by negotiation between the house property buyer and the seller;
and after the intelligent contract is successfully or unsuccessfully executed, proportionally returning the digital currency, which is collected except the commission fee, in the N times of digital currency to the external accounts of the house property seller and the buyer respectively.
6. The block chain-based property transaction method of claim 1, wherein after a hash value obtained by hashing property information and personal information of a purchaser is used as a new property ID, comprising: and sending the property information and the new property ID to the property release system, and changing the property ID of the corresponding property in the property release system.
7. The block chain-based property transaction method of claim 1, wherein the block chain is created by a participant who participates in the consensus mechanism to obtain the accounting right; the participant with the largest consensus influence in the consensus mechanism obtains the accounting right, and the consensus influence of the participant i in the current block
Wherein E is the voting influence coefficient, PiObtaining the number of votes paid to it by other participants for participant i in the current block, S is the number of successful transactions participated in by participant i in all the blocks currently generated, DjDistance of the j-th successful transaction, f is all of participant i currently generatingNumber of failed transactions participated in a block, VjThe property value for the j-th successful transaction, dkDistance, v, for the k-th failed transactionkThe property value for the kth failed transaction; the distance between two adjacent blocks is 1, and the transaction distance is the distance between the current block and the block where the transaction is located;
and if the current block is the first block on the block chain, the participant with the highest ticket number obtains the accounting right.
8. The blockchain-based property trading method of claim 7, wherein the participants in the consensus mechanism who obtain the accounting right obtain a block-out award given by the blockchain system, the block-out award being proportional to the consensus influence of all the participants.
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Application publication date: 20210319 |