CN112527695B - SLC/MLC hybrid memory page conversion method based on benefit perception - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer storage, and particularly relates to a page conversion method of an SLC/MLC (single-level cell/multi-level cell) hybrid memory based on benefit perception, which comprises the steps of periodically recording the page missing times of an SLC/MLC hybrid memory system to obtain the page missing ratio of the system, and constructing a page conversion benefit model by combining SLC/MLC read-write time delay and the average read-write times of an SLC page; calculating the benefits of various page conversion modes in the current period based on a page conversion benefit model, and selecting a page conversion mode with positive benefit, wherein the page conversion mode comprises that an SLC page is converted into an MLC page and the MLC page is converted into an SLC page; according to the page conversion mode, combining the periodic historical page missing data sequence and the page missing ratio, calculating the SLC/MLC page conversion number, and selecting a corresponding page to complete conversion; the invention can obtain the high-efficiency read-write performance of the SLC storage unit and the high storage density characteristic of the MLC storage unit, so that the hybrid system keeps balance between the storage density and the read-write performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer storage, and particularly relates to a page conversion method of an SLC/MLC hybrid memory based on benefit perception.
Background
As important intelligent equipment of an application service of the internet of things, standard setting and product types of mobile intelligent terminals have rapid development with continuous maturity of intelligent terminal technology, and the application of mobile intelligent terminal equipment is concerned more and more, but at the same time, contradictions between performance requirements and storage density brought to the mobile intelligent terminals bring challenges to traditional Dynamic Random Access Memories (DRAMs), and the contradictions are one of key factors for restricting the intelligent terminal equipment due to the defects of the mobile intelligent terminals in the aspects of energy consumption, expansibility and reliability.
Therefore, a nonvolatile memory (NVM), which is a new type of random access flash memory, has been developed rapidly in recent years, has a high storage density, and can have a storage capacity of several tens to several hundreds GB as the same size as the DRAM. And because of the non-volatility of the NVM, continuous refreshing operation is not needed, the standby static energy consumption of the NVM can be almost ignored, and the NVM has the advantages of memory-level read-write time delay, persistent storage, strong expansibility and the like, and meanwhile, the existing nonvolatile memory with the dynamically variable storage mode is generated, so that the existing memory system can be dynamically variable in the aspect of memory density, and the advantages are expected to replace the traditional memory.
The advent of new non-volatile memories has received widespread attention in both academia and industry, and has provided new solutions to computer storage technology. Due to the characteristics of the novel memory, the existing traditional management method of the storage system is not applicable, and a corresponding optimization management method needs to be carried out according to the characteristics of the novel NVM, so that the characteristics brought by the nonvolatile memory with the dynamically variable storage mode can be better utilized, and the performance of the embedded equipment of the Internet of things is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable a hybrid memory system to obtain high-efficiency read-write performance of a Single Level Cell (SLC) and obtain high storage density characteristics of a Multi-Level Cell (MLC), so that the hybrid memory system keeps balance between memory density and read-write performance, the invention provides a page conversion method of an SLC/MLC hybrid memory based on benefit perception, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: periodically recording the page missing times of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system to obtain the page missing ratio of the system, and constructing a page conversion benefit model by combining the SLC/MLC read-write time delay and the average read-write times of SLC pages;
s2: calculating the benefits of various page conversion modes in the current period based on a page conversion benefit model, and selecting a page conversion mode with positive benefit, wherein the page conversion mode comprises that an SLC page is converted into an MLC page and the MLC page is converted into an SLC page;
s3: and calculating the SLC/MLC page conversion number according to the page conversion mode by combining the cycle historical page missing data sequence and the page missing ratio, and selecting the corresponding page to complete conversion.
Further, the method for constructing the page conversion benefit model specifically comprises the following steps:
s11: periodical statistics of missing page times PF of hybrid SLC/MLC memory system n SLC page write times CW SLC And SLC page read count CR SLC ；
S12: according to the missing page times of the current period and the total page number PT of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system of the current period n Calculating the missing page ratio R of the current period n ；
S13: according to SLC page writing times CW of the current period SLC SLC page read count CR SLC And the total number of SLC active pages PT of the current cycle SLC Calculating the average read-write times ACW of each SLC page SLC 、ACR SLC ；
S14: calculating Cost of missing page error PF MLC page data to SLC page overhead Cost CP And establishing an SLC/MLC page conversion benefit model.
Further, the page fault ratio R of the current period n Is shown as
Further, the average read times ACW of each SLC page SLC Is shown as
Average write times ACR per SLC page SLC Expressed as:
further, the step S14 of establishing the SLC/MLC page transition benefit model includes:
the expense for converting MLC into SLC is calculated according to the missing page ratio, SLC and MLC writing time delay, and 2N is reduced MLC Increased missing page delay Cost of MLC page PF Represents Cost PF ＝R n ×TW MLC ×2N MLC ；
Copying MLC page data to SLC page delay overhead Cost CP The sum of (d) is expressed as: cost CP ＝N MLC ×TW SLC ；
According to SLC page read delay TR SLC SLC page write delay TW SLC MLC page read latency TR MLC MLC page write latency TW MLC Average number of reads ACR of SLC page SLC Average write times ACW of SLC pages SLC In combination with Cost PF 、Cost CP A benefit model is obtained, expressed as:
W total ＝ACW SLC ×(TW MLC -TW SLC )×N SLC
+ACR SLC ×(TR MLC -TR SLC )×N SLC -Cost CP -Cost PF
wherein, W total Indicating the benefit of the conversion of MLC pages to SLC pages in the current cycle, N SLC Is represented by 2N MLC N converted from MLC page SLC And SLC pages.
Further, the SLC page is converted to an MLC page comprising:
s4: selecting an idle SLC page in the idle SLC page queue and converting the idle SLC page into an MLC page;
s5: if the idle SLC page queue is empty, selecting the page at the tail of the active SLC linked list for elimination and converting the page into an MLC page;
s6: and inserting the converted idle MLC page into the tail of the idle MLC page queue.
Further, the conversion of the MLC page to the SLC page comprises:
s7: respectively selecting a page at the head of the idle MLC page queue and an active MLC page linked list, and merging and converting the page into an SLC page;
s8: if the MLC idle queue is empty, selecting a page at the tail of the active MLC page linked list for elimination, and converting the page into an SLC page;
s9: and inserting the converted active SLC page into the head of the linked list of the active SLC pages.
Further, the calculation of the number of SLC/MLC page transitions includes:
R n+1 ×N MLC ≥ΔPF；
wherein Δ PF represents the difference between the number of missing pages in the previous cycle and the current cycle, R n+1 The page missing ratio of the current period is expressed, and the minimum value N meeting the inequality needs to be calculated MLC I.e. the minimum number of page transitions in the current cycle.
The invention combines the characteristics of the novel variable nonvolatile memory to realize the dynamic selection and conversion of the SLC or MLC page according to the SLC/MLC page conversion benefit model and select the corresponding page for conversion, so that the hybrid memory system can obtain the high-efficiency read-write performance of the SLC memory unit and the high storage density characteristic of the MLC memory unit, and the hybrid memory system keeps balance between the memory density and the read-write performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an overall page conversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hybrid memory system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of SLC to MLC page and MLC page to SLC page conversion according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a SLC/MLC hybrid memory page conversion method based on benefit perception, as shown in figure 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: periodically recording the page missing times of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system to obtain the page missing ratio of the system, and constructing a page conversion benefit model by combining the SLC/MLC read-write time delay and the average SLC page read-write times;
s2: calculating the benefits of various page conversion modes in the current period based on a page conversion benefit model, and selecting a page conversion mode with positive benefit, wherein the page conversion mode comprises that an SLC page is converted into an MLC page and the MLC page is converted into an SLC page;
s3: and calculating the SLC/MLC page conversion number according to the page conversion mode by combining the cycle historical page missing data sequence and the page missing ratio, and selecting the corresponding page to complete conversion.
The invention is based on the mutual conversion of NVM SLC/MLC storage modes and the complementary advantages of the read-write performance and the storage capacity of the two storage units, thereby realizing a dynamic variable SLC/MLC hybrid memory system.
In order to make the hybrid memory system dynamically changeable, all memory cells of the memory system under initial test are set as SLC memory cells; along with the operation of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system, the SLC memory cell page can be converted into the MLC memory cell page according to benefit perception, and the MLC memory cell page can also be converted into the SLC memory cell page; the embodiment combines the read-write performance and complementary advantages and benefit perception on the storage capacity of two storage units SLC/MLC in the NVM, thereby realizing the page conversion method of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system based on the benefit perception.
In order to calculate the delay overhead caused by benefit perception, it is necessary to calculate the influence of page missing delay which can be averagely caused by each page, and thus it is necessary to calculate the number of page missing times caused averagely by each page, which is referred to as a page missing ratio, specifically, it can be expressed as
Wherein R is n Indicating a page fault rate, PF, of a current cycle of the hybrid memory system n Number of System pages missing, PT, representing Current cycle n Representing the total number of system SLC/MLC pages for the current cycle.
In order to determine the page transition mode, the missing page number and the total write number of the SLC page of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system need to be periodically countedAnd constructing an SLC/MLC page conversion benefit model by combining SLC/MLC read-write delay difference, specifically, constructing a delay Cost caused by page missing abnormity brought by the fact that an MLC page is converted into an SLC page according to the Cost in the benefit model constructed by benefit perception, SLC/MLC read-write delay and SLC page average read-write times PF ＝R n ×TW MLC ×2N MLC And time delay overhead Cost of data replication CP ＝N MLC ×TW SLC The two parts are combined; the gain is obtained by subtracting the total conversion cost from the improvement of the read-write time delay caused by converting the MLC page into the SLC page, namely the formula is as follows:
W tota l＝ACW SLC ×(TW MLC -TW SLC )×N SLC
+ACR SLC ×(TR MLC -TR SLC )×N SLC -Cost CP -CoSt PF
when W total When the number of the pages is more than 0, the benefit of converting the MLC page of the hybrid memory system into the SLC page in the current period is positive, the MLC page can be converted into the SLC page, page missing delay cost can be brought although the memory density is reduced, and the read-write delay improvement benefit brought by the converted SLC page is larger.
When W is total When the number of the pages is less than or equal to 0, the benefit of converting the MLC page of the hybrid memory system into the SLC page in the current period is negative, if the MLC page is still insist on being converted into the SLC page, the improvement benefit on the read-write performance brought by the converted SLC page is not enough, and the brought result is that the missing page delay cost is overlarge, so that the operation of the hybrid memory system is unstable, so that the SLC page is required to be selected to be converted into the MLC page at the moment, the density of the hybrid memory system is improved, the delay cost brought by the missing page is reduced, and the stability of the hybrid memory system is improved.
It can be clearly seen that, in the SLC/MLC page transition benefit model, the benefit model is independent of the number of pages to be transitioned, so we need to calculate the minimum number of pages to be transitioned in the current period, specifically, the page transition number in the current period is calculated according to the missing page ratio in the current period and the missing page number difference in the previous period, which can be expressed as:
R n+1 ×N MLC ≥ΔPF；
ΔPF＝PF n+1 -PF n ；
wherein, Δ PF represents the difference of the page missing times of the previous period and the current period, R n+1 The page missing ratio of the current period is expressed, and the minimum value N meeting the inequality needs to be calculated MLC I.e. the minimum number of page transitions in the current cycle.
As shown in the architecture diagram of the hybrid memory system provided in fig. 2, the storage medium in the present invention includes a non-volatile single-layer cell SLC memory and a non-volatile multi-layer cell MLC memory, and a Central Processing Unit (CPU) is connected to the SLC/MLC hybrid memory through a Cache; meanwhile, in the memory architecture mode, the nonvolatile SLC/MLC memory cell can be dynamically switched.
Fig. 3 shows a flow chart of the SLC cell page conversion to MLC page in the hybrid memory system of the present invention. Specifically, when the determined page transition mode is the SLC page transition to the MLC page according to the constructed page transition benefit model, the specific steps are shown in fig. 3:
s4: selecting an idle SLC page in the idle SLC page queue and converting the idle SLC page into an MLC page;
s5: if the idle SLC page queue is empty, selecting the page at the tail of the active SLC linked list for elimination, and converting the page into an MLC page;
s6: inserting the converted idle MLC page into the tail of an idle MLC page queue;
in summary, in the process of converting an SLC page into an MLC page, it is necessary to expand the memory density of the current hybrid memory system, reduce the influence caused by missing pages, and improve the stability of system operation.
When the judged page conversion mode is that the MLC page is converted into the SLC page according to the constructed page conversion benefit model, the specific steps are shown in fig. 3:
s7: respectively selecting a page at the head of the idle MLC page queue and an active MLC page linked list, and merging and converting the page into an SLC page;
s8: if the MLC idle queue is empty, selecting a page at the tail part of the active MLC page linked list for eliminating, and converting the page into an SLC page;
s9: inserting the converted active SLC page into the head of the active SLC page linked list;
in summary, in the process of converting an MLC page into an SLC page, N idle MLC pages and N MLC pages with frequent write need to be selected to be converted into N SLC pages, and inserted into the head of an active SLC linked list, so as to improve the read-write access performance of the active page.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A page transition method of SLC/MLC hybrid memory based on benefit perception is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
s1: periodically recording the page missing times of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system to obtain the page missing ratio of the system, and constructing a page conversion benefit model by combining the SLC/MLC read-write time delay and the average SLC page read-write times; the method for constructing the page conversion benefit model specifically comprises the following steps:
s11: page missing frequency PF of periodical statistics mixed SLC/MLC memory system n SLC page write times CW SLC And SLC page read count CR SLC ；
S12: according to the missing page times of the current period and the total page number PT of the SLC/MLC hybrid memory system of the current period n Calculating the page missing ratio R of the current period n ；
S13: according to SLC page writing times CW of the current period SLC SLC page read count CR SLC And the total number of SLC active pages PT of the current cycle SLC Calculating the average read-write times ACW of each SLC page SLC 、ACR SLC ；
S14: computingOverhead Cost of page fault PF MLC page data copy to SLC page overhead Cost CP And establishing an SLC/MLC page conversion benefit model, which comprises the following steps:
the expense for converting MLC into SLC is calculated according to the missing page ratio, SLC and MLC writing time delay, and 2N is reduced MLC Page missing delay Cost added by MLC page PF Represents Cost PF ＝R n ×TW MLC ×2N MLC ；
Copying MLC page data to SLC page delay overhead Cost CP The sum of (d) is expressed as: cost CP ＝N MLC ×TW SLC ；
According to SLC page read delay TR SLC SLC page write latency TW SLC MLC page read delay TR MLC MLC page write latency TW MLC Average number of reads ACR of SLC page SLC SLC page average write times ACW SLC In combination with Cost PF 、Cost CP A benefit model is obtained, expressed as:
W total ＝ACW SLC ×(TW MLC -TW SLC )×N SLC +ACR SLC ×(TR MLC -TR SLC )×N SLC -Cost CP -Cost PF
wherein, W total Indicating the benefit of the conversion of MLC pages to SLC pages in the current cycle, N SLC Represents by 2N MLC N converted from MLC page SLC A number of SLC pages;
s2: calculating the benefits of various page conversion modes in the current period based on a page conversion benefit model, and selecting a page conversion mode with positive benefit, wherein the page conversion mode comprises that an SLC page is converted into an MLC page and the MLC page is converted into an SLC page;
s3: and calculating the SLC/MLC page conversion number according to the page conversion mode by combining the cycle historical page missing data sequence and the page missing ratio, and selecting the corresponding page to complete conversion.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current cycle of the page transition method is based on SLC/MLC hybrid memoryRatio of missing pages R n Is shown as
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average number of reads ACW per SLC page is ACW SLC Is shown as
Average write times ACR per SLC page SLC Expressed as:
4. the SLC/MLC hybrid memory page-switching method according to claim 1, wherein the SLC page-switching to MLC page-switching comprises:
s4: selecting an idle SLC page in the idle SLC page queue and converting the idle SLC page into an MLC page;
s5: if the idle SLC page queue is empty, selecting the page at the tail of the active SLC linked list for elimination and converting the page into an MLC page;
s6: and inserting the converted idle MLC page into the tail of the idle MLC page queue.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the converting the MLC page to the SLC page comprises:
s7: respectively selecting a page at the head of the idle MLC page queue and an active MLC page linked list, and merging and converting the page into an SLC page;
s8: if the MLC idle queue is empty, selecting a page at the tail of the active MLC page linked list for elimination, and converting the page into an SLC page;
s9: and inserting the converted active SLC page into the head of the linked list of the active SLC pages.
6. The SLC/MLC hybrid memory page transition method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of SLC/MLC page transition number comprises:
R n+1 ×N MLC ≥ΔPF；
wherein Δ PF represents the difference between the number of missing pages in the previous cycle and the current cycle, R n+1 The page missing ratio of the current period is expressed, and the minimum value N meeting the inequality needs to be calculated MLC I.e. the minimum number of page transitions in the current cycle.
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