CN112527370A - Method for remotely and differentially upgrading Internet of things equipment - Google Patents
Method for remotely and differentially upgrading Internet of things equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for remotely and differentially upgrading equipment of the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps: the server side compares the copy of the software code to be upgraded with the copy of the new software code, differentiates and compresses the copies; comparing the MD5 codes issued by the server with the MD5 codes of the two code areas of the Internet of things equipment one by one, and starting an upgrading process if the comparison is successful; the Internet of things equipment continuously requests a new segment of the differential compressed file from the server, the file segment is verified and decompressed while the differential compressed file segment is obtained to obtain the differential file, and the differential file is combined with the local code to regenerate a new version of code file and is written into the flash of the Internet of things equipment; and repeating the previous steps until the transmission of the server file is completed, then updating the MD5 code of the new software and the old software, and executing program jump to run the new software. The invention occupies less equipment resources of the Internet of things, the whole upgrade package file is small, and the upgrade process is fast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of software upgrading, in particular to a method for remotely and differentially upgrading equipment of the Internet of things.
Background
At present, more and more internet of things devices are used, and the application field is gradually expanded. The product of the internet of things is widely applied to various fields such as public utilities, offices, medical treatment, industrial control, military industry and the like, and the traditional product is transformed by adding a software technology, so that the product of the internet of things is often practical, flexible and intelligent. The hardware design of the internet of things system pursues high integration level, the software design pursues high performance, and each system is a customized product integrated by software and hardware together. Even for the same kind of hardware products, the software design is often very different. With the continuous improvement of product functions, application personnel gradually realizes the importance of software in a system, and simultaneously, higher requirements are put on software designers. In the internet of things equipment, after products are shipped, functions of the products are often upgraded and completed or bugs are often repaired. At this time, the hardware is difficult to change, and software of the product is often required to have upgradable functions. In some civil or industrial control fields, system equipment works in an area with severe environment and unattended operation or is distributed in each user home, and the system equipment is inconvenient to enter. The number of the devices of the internet of things is often large, and the software is difficult to update, so that the software of the whole product needs to be upgraded in a wireless transmission mode.
The traditional software upgrading mode is that the modified new software is transmitted to the equipment by wireless, and then the original old software storage area is erased and written into the new software. The method for transmitting all new software has the disadvantages that the transmission code amount is large and the time is long, and the wireless transmission has inherent instability and is easy to cause data loss; for low-power-consumption Internet of things equipment, a multi-purpose battery supplies power, and a large amount of battery power is consumed when the equipment is in a network connection and transmission state for a long time; thirdly, the long-time occupation of the communication channel in the upgrading process can also affect the network communication of other devices in the same area; fourth, most internet of things devices are low-speed devices, and when data transmission is performed through an operator network (especially an NB-IoT network), traffic cost is calculated every time data transmission is performed, so that upgrading cost is increased due to the fact that a large amount of data transmission is performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the method for remotely and differentially upgrading the equipment of the Internet of things is provided, and the problems of unstable upgrading, energy consumption and money consumption of the traditional upgrading method are solved.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for remotely and differentially upgrading equipment of the Internet of things comprises the following steps:
(1) comparing and differentiating the copy of the software code to be upgraded of the internet of things equipment stored on the server with the copy of the new software code, then compressing the differential file to obtain a differential compressed file, and simultaneously recording the size of the code of the new software version and the size of the code of the old software version and the MD5 code;
(2) when an internet of things equipment terminal requests for upgrading, a server firstly issues a software code packet to be upgraded, the size of a new software code packet and the MD5 code to the internet of things equipment, the internet of things equipment compares the size of the new software code packet with the MD5 code in two code areas of the internet of things equipment one by one, if one MD5 code in the two code areas is completely consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, an upgrading process is started, and if the MD5 codes in the two code areas are not consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, the server is informed that the upgrading versions are not matched;
(3) after an upgrading process is started, the Internet of things equipment self-adaptively erases a new software code area, meanwhile, fragments of a new differential compression file are continuously requested from a server, the fragments of the differential compression file are verified and decompressed while the fragments of the differential compression file are obtained to obtain the differential file, the differential file is combined with a local code to regenerate a code file of a new version, and the obtained code file of the new version is written into a flash of the Internet of things equipment;
(4) and (4) repeating the step (3) until the file transmission of the server is completed, then updating the MD5 code of the new software and the old software, and executing program jump, namely running the new software.
As a further technical scheme, the copy of the software code to be upgraded and the copy of the new software code in the step (1) are compared and differentiated through a bsdiff differential algorithm; and (3) regenerating a code file of a new version through a bsdiff differential algorithm by using the differential file through the bsdiff differential algorithm and combining the local code.
As a further technical scheme, in the step (1), the difference file is compressed by an LZ77 compression algorithm to obtain a difference compressed file.
As a further technical scheme, the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(21) requesting the size of the differential upgrade package, verifying the length package, re-requesting the size of the differential upgrade package if the verification fails, and performing the step (22) if the verification succeeds;
(22) the method comprises the steps of requesting the MD5 codes of new and old software packages, verifying and comparing local MD5 codes, reporting local MD5 codes to a server if no matching value exists, judging a matching area if matching is successful, overwriting the MD5 codes determined as the new software code area as @ @ @ @ and erasing a new software code area.
As a further technical solution, the step (3) specifically comprises the steps of:
(31) after the differential upgrading process is started, judging whether the current decompression buffer area has enough data, if so, performing a step (32), and if not, performing a step (34);
(32) returning the decompressed data with the requested length, combining the decompressed data with the old code to generate a new version of code, rewriting the code back to the flash, and then turning to the step (33);
(33) judging whether the difference process is finished or not, if so, updating the MD5 code, and if not, turning to the step (31);
(34) and (3) judging whether the area to be decompressed has enough data, if so, taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32), if not, requesting new compressed data from the server, then taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the equipment is endowed with remote upgrading capability, and even if the product needs to perfect the functions or repair the defects after the equipment leaves the factory, the product does not need to be returned to the factory on a large scale, and the functions can be completed or the defects can be repaired only by on-line upgrading after configuration.
2. The occupied internet of things equipment resources are few, and no matter how large the upgrading data packet is, only 2Kb of RAM is needed to be used and extra flash space is not occupied. All decompression and difference work can be completed. The method can also be operated on some Internet of things equipment with deficient hardware resources.
3. The upgrading packet can be efficiently compressed, the data volume needing to be transmitted during transmission can be greatly reduced, the data flow is saved, and the risk of transmission failure is reduced.
4. And D, upgrading is completed by adopting MD5 verification and backup differential upgrading. Even if the differential upgrade fails, the operation of the original code is still not influenced. The differential upgrade may still continue after the network is restored until the differential upgrade is successful.
5. The interaction time between the upgrading process and the network server is short, and the power consumption of the battery can be greatly reduced;
6. the time for occupying the network channel in the upgrading process is short, the communication channel is occupied as little as possible, and the use of other equipment to the network channel is not influenced;
7. the flow consumption is low, and the upgrading cost is saved;
8. the upgrading process is simple, manual guiding operation is not needed, only an upgrading instruction is issued when the server communicates, and the upgrading function can automatically perform operations such as upgrading area selection upgrading version matching and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a differential upgrade preparation phase;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the differential upgrade phase.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
Generally, a method for upgrading the internet of things device is to directly download a complete new software package into a local storage space and then burn the new software package into a flash of the internet of things device. This approach is extremely inefficient because more than 90% of the entire code is identical, belonging to repeated downloads, if only slight adjustments are made to the code. If the differential upgrade mode can be used to directly combine the local data, only the differential part needs to be downloaded. The embodiment provides a method for remotely and differentially upgrading equipment of the internet of things, which can compare the difference between the old software and the new software, then compress the difference file, and transmit the compressed difference file to the equipment through a wireless network for upgrading. Because the modified code is smaller when the function of the Internet of things equipment is completed or the bug is repaired, the software of the equipment can be updated by using a small amount of data when the differential mode is used for upgrading.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method specifically includes the steps of:
(1) and comparing the copy of the software code to be upgraded of the Internet of things equipment stored on the server with the copy of the new software code through a bsdiff difference algorithm, and then compressing the difference file through an LZ77 compression algorithm to obtain a difference compressed file. And meanwhile, the server divides and numbers the obtained differential compressed file according to a mode appointed by the equipment, and records the size of the codes of the new software version and the old software version and the MD5 codes.
(2) When an internet of things equipment terminal requests for upgrading, a server firstly issues a software code packet to be upgraded, the size of a new software code packet and the MD5 code to the internet of things equipment, the internet of things equipment compares the size of the new software code packet with the MD5 code in two code areas of the internet of things equipment one by one, if one MD5 code in the two code areas is completely consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, an upgrading process is started, and if the MD5 codes in the two code areas are not consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, the server is informed that the upgrading versions are not matched.
The step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(21) requesting the size of the differential upgrade package, verifying the length package, re-requesting the size of the differential upgrade package if the verification fails, and performing the step (22) if the verification succeeds;
(22) the method comprises the steps of requesting the MD5 codes of new and old software packages, verifying and comparing local MD5 codes, reporting local MD5 codes to a server if no matching value exists, judging a matching area if matching is successful, overwriting the MD5 codes determined as the new software code area as @ @ @ @ and erasing a new software code area.
(3) After an upgrading process is started, the Internet of things equipment self-adaptively erases a new software code area according to a specific method designated by each manufacturer chip, meanwhile, fragments of a new differential compression file are continuously requested from a server, the file fragments are verified and decompressed while the fragments of the differential compression file are obtained to obtain the differential file, the differential file is combined with a local code to regenerate a code file of a new version, and the obtained code file of the new version is written into a flash of the Internet of things equipment. In the step, the difference file is used through the bsdiff difference algorithm, and then the local code is combined to regenerate the code file of the new version through the bsdiff difference algorithm.
The step (3) specifically comprises the following steps:
(31) after the differential upgrading process is started, judging whether the current decompression buffer area has enough data, if so, performing a step (32), and if not, performing a step (34);
(32) returning the decompressed data with the requested length, combining the decompressed data with the old code to generate a new version of code, rewriting the code back to the flash, and then turning to the step (33);
(33) judging whether the difference process is finished or not, if so, updating the MD5 code, and if not, turning to the step (31);
(34) and (3) judging whether the area to be decompressed has enough data, if so, taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32), if not, requesting new compressed data from the server, then taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32).
(4) And (4) repeating the step (3) until the file transmission of the server is completed, then updating the MD5 code of the new software and the old software, and executing program jump, namely running the new software.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for remotely and differentially upgrading equipment of the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) comparing and differentiating the copy of the software code to be upgraded of the internet of things equipment stored on the server with the copy of the new software code, then compressing the differential file to obtain a differential compressed file, and simultaneously recording the size of the code of the new software version and the size of the code of the old software version and the MD5 code;
(2) when an internet of things equipment terminal requests for upgrading, a server firstly issues a software code packet to be upgraded, the size of a new software code packet and the MD5 code to the internet of things equipment, the internet of things equipment compares the size of the new software code packet with the MD5 code in two code areas of the internet of things equipment one by one, if one MD5 code in the two code areas is completely consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, an upgrading process is started, and if the MD5 codes in the two code areas are not consistent with the MD5 code of the issued software packet to be upgraded, the server is informed that the upgrading versions are not matched;
(3) after an upgrading process is started, the Internet of things equipment self-adaptively erases a new software code area, meanwhile, fragments of a new differential compression file are continuously requested from a server, the fragments of the differential compression file are verified and decompressed while the fragments of the differential compression file are obtained to obtain the differential file, the differential file is combined with a local code to regenerate a code file of a new version, and the obtained code file of the new version is written into a flash of the Internet of things equipment;
(4) and (4) repeating the step (3) until the file transmission of the server is completed, then updating the MD5 code of the new software and the old software, and executing program jump, namely running the new software.
2. The method for remotely differentially upgrading the Internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein the copy of the software code to be upgraded and the copy of the new software code in the step (1) are compared and differentiated through a bsdiff difference algorithm; and (4) regenerating a code file of a new version through a bsdiff differential algorithm by using the differential file through the bsdiff differential algorithm and combining the local code.
3. The method for remotely differentially upgrading the internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the differential file is compressed by an LZ77 compression algorithm to obtain a differential compressed file.
4. The method for remotely differentially upgrading the internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) specifically comprises the steps of:
(21) requesting the size of the differential upgrade package, verifying the length package, re-requesting the size of the differential upgrade package if the verification fails, and performing the step (22) if the verification succeeds;
(22) the method comprises the steps of requesting the MD5 codes of new and old software packages, verifying and comparing local MD5 codes, reporting local MD5 codes to a server if no matching value exists, judging a matching area if matching is successful, overwriting the MD5 codes determined as the new software code area as @ @ @ @ and erasing a new software code area.
5. The method for remotely differentially upgrading the internet of things equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) specifically comprises the steps of:
(31) after the differential upgrading process is started, judging whether the current decompression buffer area has enough data, if so, performing a step (32), and if not, performing a step (34);
(32) returning the decompressed data with the requested length, combining the decompressed data with the old code to generate a new version of code, rewriting the code back to the flash, and then turning to the step (33);
(33) judging whether the difference process is finished or not, if so, updating the MD5 code, and if not, turning to the step (31);
(34) and (3) judging whether the area to be decompressed has enough data, if so, taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32), if not, requesting new compressed data from the server, then taking out the three control characters from the buffer area to be decompressed and decompressing, returning decompressed output to the decompression area, and going to the step (32).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113590161A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 广东九联科技股份有限公司 | Memory-controllable NB-IOT module differential upgrading method and system |
| CN114077542A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-02-22 | 武汉普赛斯电子技术有限公司 | Parameter testing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114924761A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-19 | 苏州吾爱易达物联网有限公司 | Internet of things equipment upgrading method and system |
| CN115549757A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Satellite communication software online upgrading method |
| CN114077542B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-07-09 | 武汉普赛斯电子技术有限公司 | Parameter testing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |