CN112526768A - Lens, glasses, device for preventing and controlling myopia and lens preparation method - Google Patents
Lens, glasses, device for preventing and controlling myopia and lens preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526768A CN112526768A CN202110012695.5A CN202110012695A CN112526768A CN 112526768 A CN112526768 A CN 112526768A CN 202110012695 A CN202110012695 A CN 202110012695A CN 112526768 A CN112526768 A CN 112526768A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/16—Shades; shields; Obturators, e.g. with pinhole, with slot
- G02C7/165—Shades; shields; Obturators, e.g. with pinhole, with slot with stenopaeic apertures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
- A61B3/0285—Phoropters
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Abstract
Lenses, glasses, devices and lens preparation methods for preventing and controlling myopia. The method is characterized in that: the absolute value of the degree of the lens body is smaller than the absolute value of the actual diopter of the eyeball of the myope, the surface of the central area of the lens body is provided with a light-tight film, and a plurality of micropores are formed in the light-tight film. Since the absolute value of the power of the lens body is smaller than the absolute value of the actual refractive power of the eyeball of the myope, the lens body cannot completely correct the ametropia of the myope, which results in allowing the circle of confusion to be positioned in front of the retina; after the central area passes through the micropore, the permissible circle of confusion can be moved backwards, so that the permissible circle of confusion is just in place of the fovea centralis of the macula lutea, clear central vision is provided for a myopia person, and the peripheral area of the lens body is not limited by the micropores, so that the permissible circle of confusion is still kept at a position which is relatively far forward, and accordingly myopic defocus is formed on the peripheral retina, and finally the effect of preventing and controlling teenager myopia is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a lens, glasses, a device and a lens preparation method for preventing and controlling myopia.
Background
It is speculated that by 2050, over 50 billion people worldwide will have myopia, which has become a global health crisis. The number of people with myopia of teenagers in China is large, the myopia rate is at the top of the world, and myopia prevention and control is already rising as a national strategy. For the prevention and control of myopia in adolescents, we have been stranded for a long time. In recent years, researchers gradually find some intervention means which have certain effects on preventing and controlling juvenile myopia. One of them is to wear some specially designed optical glasses. The design of these lenses is based on some rules discovered in recent years.
As shown in figure 1, according to animal experiments, it is found that myopic defocus 1 (i.e. light is focused in front of retina) on peripheral retina except central fovea of macula can inhibit the growth of axis of young monkey eye, resulting in the progression of refractive state to hyperopia; conversely, hyperopic defocus 2 (i.e., light focused behind the retina) on the peripheral retina outside the fovea, promotes the growth of the axis of the young monkey eye, resulting in a progression of refractive power toward myopia.
Clinically, teenagers wearing orthokeratology lenses (OK lenses for short) are also found to form myopic defocus on peripheral retinas outside the fovea of the macula, and the state can stimulate the self-regulation of eyeballs, finally, the increase of the axis of the eyes is delayed or even not increased, and the purpose of controlling myopia is achieved. However, the OK lens is a corneal contact lens, has contraindications and side effects when being worn, and is only suitable for a part of people.
In addition, a new spectacle frame lens is available on the market, which is characterized in that it is designed as an out-of-focus zone outside the central zone of the lens. The light rays in the central area of the lens can be focused on the fovea of the macula of the retina, the ametropia of a wearer is well corrected, however, the defocusing area of the lens is additionally provided with a spherical power on the basis of correcting the ametropia of the wearer, so that the light rays in the defocusing area of the lens are focused in front of the peripheral retina outside the fovea of the macula, and accordingly myopic defocusing is formed. The juvenile wearing the frame lens has been proved to have certain effects of preventing and controlling myopia. However, the out-of-focus area of the spectacle lens with the frame is usually distributed with hundreds of micro lenses, each micro lens can provide the myopic out-of-focus function for the wearer, the manufacturing process of the micro lens array is complicated, the technical difficulty is high, the market price of the product is too high, and most of the income of families with low income is hard to bear.
Therefore, the frame spectacle lens has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, can prevent and control juvenile myopia, and has larger market potential and application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the background art, the invention provides a lens, glasses, a device and a lens preparation method for preventing and controlling myopia.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a lens of prevention and control myopia, includes the lens body, the number of degrees absolute value of lens body is less than the actual diopter number absolute value of near-sighted person eyeball, the central area surface of lens body is provided with opaque film, set up a plurality of micropores on the opaque film.
The diameter of the micropores is 1-1.5 mm.
The light-proof film is circular, and the diameter of the light-proof film is 10-15 mm.
The micro-holes are radially arranged outwards along the center of the opaque film.
The number of the micropores is 17.
Glasses for preventing and controlling myopia comprise a glasses frame and the lenses.
The utility model provides a device of prevention and control myopia, is including the near-sighted glasses of wearing when seeing near and the far-sighted glasses of wearing when seeing far, the near-sighted glasses of foretell prevention and control are all adopted with far-sighted glasses to near-sighted glasses, and the number of degrees absolute value of lens body is less than the number of degrees absolute value of lens body in the far-sighted glasses in the near-sighted glasses.
A lens preparation method based on the lens for preventing and controlling myopia comprises the following steps:
1) a myope wears the microporous glasses firstly, and then performs optometry at a specified distance to obtain an optometry degree;
2) preparing a lens body with corresponding diopter according to the obtained diopter;
3) a layer of opaque film is pasted on the surface of the central area of the lens body, and the size of the micropores on the opaque film is the same as that of a micropore mirror used in optometry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: since the absolute value of the power of the lens body is smaller than the absolute value of the actual refractive power of the eyeball of the myope, the lens body cannot completely correct the ametropia of the myope, which results in allowing the circle of confusion to remain in front of the retina; after the central area passes through the micropore, the permissible circle of confusion can be moved backwards, so that the permissible circle of confusion is just in place of the fovea centralis of the macula lutea, clear central vision is provided for a myopia person, and the peripheral area of the lens body is not limited by the micropores, so that the permissible circle of confusion is still kept at a position which is relatively far forward, and accordingly myopic defocus is formed on the peripheral retina, and finally the effect of preventing and controlling teenager myopia is achieved. Compared with the existing mode that the center is clear and the periphery is out of focus by arranging the micro lens at the periphery of the normal lens to additionally add the number of the spherical lenses, the design is simpler, the processing is more convenient, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of near-sighted defocus and far-sighted defocus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an allowable circle of confusion.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lens for preventing and controlling myopia according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the positions of circle dispersions with and without micropores when looking away with the glasses for distance use according to the embodiment of the present invention (the upper diagram shows no micropores, and the lower diagram shows micropores).
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the positions of circle dispersions in the presence and absence of micropores when viewing near and far glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention (the upper figure shows no micropores, and the lower figure shows micropores).
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the positions of circles of confusion allowed in the presence or absence of micropores when viewing near by wearing the pair of near-vision eyeglasses according to the embodiment of the present invention (the upper figure shows no micropores, and the lower figure shows micropores).
In the figure, 1-myopic defocus, 2-hyperopic defocus, 3-ideal focal plane, 4-first allowed circle of confusion, 5-second allowed circle of confusion, 6-crystalline lens, 7-crystalline lens adjusted when looking near with far glasses, 8-plus positive power (difference between the power of the lens between the near and far glasses), 9-plane of central fovea of macula, 11-lens body, 12-opaque film, 13-micropore.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the light of the myopic defocus 1 is focused in front of the retina, the light of the hyperopic defocus 2 is focused behind the retina, the myopic defocus 1 on the peripheral retina outside the fovea of the macula can inhibit the growth of the axis of the eye, resulting in the progression of the dioptric state to hyperopia, and the hyperopic defocus 2 on the peripheral retina outside the fovea of the macula can promote the growth of the axis of the eye, resulting in the progression of the dioptric state to myopia.
As shown in fig. 2, due to the aberration factors, the human dioptric system cannot converge the light beam to a point, but forms a circular projection on the imaging plane, called a circle of confusion, which is called a circle of permissible confusion if the circular image is small enough to be clear enough to be regarded as a point image when beyond the resolving power of the naked eye. For the sake of the explanation to follow, the permissible circle of confusion after the ideal focal plane 3 is defined as a first permissible circle of confusion 4, and the permissible circle of confusion before the ideal focal plane 3 is defined as a second permissible circle of confusion 5, the ideal focal plane 3 of the myope before the ametropic correction being in front of the retina, the first permissible circle of confusion 4 being in front of the retina, and correspondingly, the ideal focal plane 3 of the hyperopic person before the ametropic correction being in back of the retina, the second permissible circle of confusion 5 being in back of the retina.
As shown in fig. 3, a lens for preventing and controlling myopia includes a lens body 11, an absolute value of the power of the lens body 11 is smaller than an absolute value of the actual diopter of the eyeball of a myope, a light-impermeable film 12 is disposed on the surface of the central area of the lens body 11, and a plurality of micropores 13 are disposed on the light-impermeable film 12.
Wherein, the opaque film 12 is circular shape black membrane usually, and its diameter is 10mm, 17 in total of the quantity of micropore 13, micropore 13 evenly arranges along the central outward diffusion of opaque film 12, and the diameter of every micropore 13 is 1mm, of course, the diameter of opaque film 12, the quantity and the size of micropore 13 all can be adjusted at certain extent, be 10-15mm for the diameter scope of opaque film 12, the diameter scope of micropore 13 is 1-1.5mm, the myopia person who wears glasses for the first time more is fit for the micropore of the diameter major point for the scope of seeing through the micropore is bigger some, to having the better crowd who wears mirror experience or tolerance, can select the micropore of diameter littleer.
The lens for preventing and controlling the myopia is arranged on the frame of the existing glasses, so that the glasses for preventing and controlling the myopia are provided, and teenagers wear the glasses, so that the effects of preventing and controlling the myopia can be achieved.
After the opaque film 12 with the micropores is pasted on the lens body 11, the lens body 11 forms two different areas, namely a central visual area and a peripheral out-of-focus area, and because the absolute value of the power of the lens body 11 is smaller than the absolute value of the actual diopter power of the eyeball of a myope, the lens body 11 cannot completely correct the ametropia of the myope, so that the first allowable circle of confusion 4 is still positioned in front of the retina; after the central area is acted by the micropores, the first allowed diffusion circle 4 can be moved backwards, so that the first allowed diffusion circle 4 just falls on the central fovea of the macula of the retina, clear central vision is provided for a myopia person, and the peripheral area of the lens body 11 is not limited by the micropores, so that the allowed diffusion circle still keeps at a relatively front position, and accordingly myopic defocusing is formed on the peripheral retina, and finally the effect of preventing and controlling juvenile myopia is achieved.
Because myopia usually shows on distance vision, that is, the degree of decline of distance vision of naked eyes is relatively more obvious, and the influence on myopia is relatively less, therefore, the glasses for preventing and controlling myopia usually need to be provided with two pairs, including near glasses and far glasses, and the absolute value of the degree of the lens body in the near glasses is less than the absolute value of the degree of the lens body in the far glasses, when seeing near, such as working at a close distance, reading and writing, etc., the near glasses are worn, when seeing far, such as on class, watching television, etc., the far glasses are worn, and the two pairs of glasses are used in a matching way to achieve better effects of preventing and controlling myopia.
As shown in fig. 4, when wearing the glasses for far vision, the dioptric system of the human eye is in an under-correction state, the first allowable dispersion circle 4 is located before the central fovea of the macula lutea, at this time, after the light-tight film with the micropores is added to the central area of the lens body, the position of the first allowable dispersion circle 4 is moved backwards to the central fovea of the macula lutea, so that the central vision is clear, the light-tight film with the micropores is not arranged on the periphery of the lens body, and the first allowable dispersion circle 4 is still located before the central fovea of the macula lutea, so that the peripheral myopic defocusing effect is formed, and.
As shown in fig. 5, when the glasses are worn far away to see near, under the action of the lens body of the glasses for far vision, the second allowable dispersion circle 5 is located behind the central concave of the macula lutea, at this time, after the opaque film with the micropores is added to the central area of the lens body, the position of the second allowable dispersion circle 5 can move forward to the central concave of the macula lutea to ensure clear central vision, but the periphery of the lens body is not provided with the opaque film with the micropores, and the second allowable dispersion circle 5 is still located behind the central concave of the macula lutea to form a peripheral hypermetropic defocusing effect. Therefore, when a teenager works at a short distance, the far glasses must be replaced with the near glasses.
As shown in fig. 6, when the near glasses are worn to see near, since the absolute value of the power of the lens body in the near glasses is smaller than the absolute value of the power of the lens body in the far glasses, which is equivalent to that on the basis of the far glasses, the positive diopter is increased, so that the first allowable dispersion circle 4 returns to the front of the central fovea of the macula lutea, at this time, after the light-tight film with the micropores is added to the central area of the lens body, the position of the first allowable dispersion circle 4 moves backwards to the central fovea of the macula lutea, thereby ensuring clear central vision, the periphery of the lens body does not have the light-tight film with the micropores, the first allowable dispersion circle 4 is still located in front of the central fovea of the macula lutea, and the peripheral myopic defocus effect.
The lens preparation method of the lens for preventing and controlling myopia comprises the following steps:
1) a myope wears the microporous glasses firstly, and then performs optometry at a specified distance to obtain an optometry degree;
2) preparing a lens body 11 with corresponding diopter according to the obtained diopter;
3) a light-proof film 12 is stuck on the surface of the central area of the lens body 11, and the sizes of the micropores 13 on the light-proof film 12 are the same as those of a micropore mirror used in optometry.
When lenses of the near spectacles were prepared, the myope had an optometry at near distance (40 cm), and when lenses of the far spectacles were prepared, the myope had an optometry at far distance (5 m).
Because at the in-process of optometry, myopia person takes the micropore mirror to carry out the optometry, under the effect of micropore mirror, the first circle of confusion that allows 4 during the optometry can relatively move backward, the absolute value of the diopter number of degrees that consequently obtains is littleer for its actual myopia number of degrees absolute value, ensure when using this lens body, can form myopia out of focus effect, the micropore of pasting simultaneously and establishing on the regional opaque film in lens body center is the same with the micropore mirror during the optometry, compensate the first back that allows 4 circles of confusion and produce during the optometry, ensure that first circle of confusion 4 of allowance can fall in macula lutea central fovea, guarantee that the regional vision of center is clear.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The skilled person should understand that: although the invention has been described in terms of the above specific embodiments, the inventive concept is not limited thereto and any modification applying the inventive concept is intended to be included within the scope of the patent claims.
Claims (8)
1. A lens for the prevention and control of myopia, comprising: including lens body (11), the number of degrees absolute value of lens body (11) is less than the actual diopter number of degrees absolute value of myopia person eyeball, the central area surface of lens body (11) is provided with opaque film (12), set up a plurality of micropores (13) on opaque film (12).
2. A lens for the prevention and control of myopia according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the micropores (13) is 1-1.5 mm.
3. A lens for the prevention and control of myopia according to claim 1, wherein: the light-proof film (12) is circular and has a diameter of 10-15 mm.
4. A lens for the prevention and control of myopia according to claim 1, wherein: the micropores (13) are radially arranged along the center of the light-impermeable film (12).
5. A lens for the prevention and control of myopia according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the micropores (13) is 17.
6. An eyeglass for preventing and controlling myopia, comprising: comprising a frame and a lens according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A device for preventing and controlling myopia, comprising: the glasses for preventing and controlling myopia comprise near glasses worn when seeing near and far glasses worn when seeing far, the near glasses and the far glasses both adopt the glasses for preventing and controlling myopia according to claim 6, and the absolute value of the degree of the lens body in the near glasses is smaller than that of the lens body in the far glasses.
8. A method of dispensing lenses based on the lenses for prevention and management of myopia of claim 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
1) a myope wears the microporous glasses firstly, and then performs optometry at a specified distance to obtain an optometry degree;
2) preparing a lens body (11) with corresponding diopter according to the obtained diopter index;
3) a layer of light-proof film (12) is pasted on the surface of the central area of the lens body (11), and the size of the micropores (13) on the light-proof film (12) is the same as that of a micropore mirror used in optometry.
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| CN202110012695.5A CN112526768A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Lens, glasses, device for preventing and controlling myopia and lens preparation method |
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| CN202110012695.5A CN112526768A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Lens, glasses, device for preventing and controlling myopia and lens preparation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112987145A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-06-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Microlens structure, display device and method for processing microlens structure |
| CN114114715A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏全真光学科技股份有限公司 | Diopter-variable myopia-preventing color-changing glasses |
| CN114994951A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-09-02 | 温州医科大学 | Spectacle lens and frame glasses |
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| CN114114715B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-03-22 | 江苏全真光学科技股份有限公司 | Diopter-variable myopia-preventing color-changing glasses |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |