CN112526747B - Aberration correction imaging lens assembly for two-dimensional movement of conformal optical system - Google Patents
Aberration correction imaging lens assembly for two-dimensional movement of conformal optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526747B CN112526747B CN202011449397.4A CN202011449397A CN112526747B CN 112526747 B CN112526747 B CN 112526747B CN 202011449397 A CN202011449397 A CN 202011449397A CN 112526747 B CN112526747 B CN 112526747B
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0068—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration having means for controlling the degree of correction, e.g. using phase modulators, movable elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aberration correction imaging lens component of conformal optical system two-dimensional motion, comprising: the optical system comprises a conformal optical window, an aberration correction imaging lens assembly and a servo control system; the aberration correction imaging lens assembly is connected with the servo control system, and the servo control system can control the movement of the aberration correction imaging lens assembly; the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly includes a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens; the servo control system can drive the first lens and the third lens to move along the optical axis relative to the second lens, and the servo control system can drive the first lens, the second lens and the third lens to rotate around the optical axis. The invention converts the inherent imaging lens component into a dynamic aberration correction element to realize the dynamic correction of the aberration of the conformal optical system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of designing photoelectric detectors of weaponry, and particularly relates to an aberration correction imaging lens assembly with a conformal optical system moving in two dimensions.
Background
Conformal optics refers to the optimization design of an optical system, which is mainly applied to an imaging detection system for navigation, tracking or reconnaissance of high-speed aircrafts and missiles, and is not only required to achieve the best imaging quality of the optical system, but also required to achieve the best interaction of the optical system with the application environment of the optical system. In order to meet the requirement of a large view field, a plane splicing type optical window is often adopted in a traditional airborne optical remote sensor, although the influence of the optical window on the imaging quality of an optical system is small, large resistance can be introduced into a machine body, and the reflection area of the cross section of a radar can be increased through the plane window.
The outer surface shape of the window adopted by the conformal optical system needs to be smoothly matched with the outer surface of the cabin carrier, namely, the window is conformal to the outer surface of the high-speed carrier, so that the window surface shape accords with the hydrodynamic performance and the pneumatic performance of the carrier, but the optical surface of the optical window participating in imaging is generally an aspheric optical surface shape at the moment, and even is an irregular free-form surface. At this time, when the optical system in the cabin performs large-scan imaging on a certain range of field of view, the aerodynamic optical window conformal to the high-speed carrier introduces serious aberrations to the subsequent imaging optical system, and the aberrations dynamically change along with the change of the scanning field angle, which greatly affects the imaging resolution of the aircraft remote sensing camera. The conformal optical theory researches a scientific aberration correction method aiming at various serious dynamic aberrations introduced by a pneumatic optical window, and an imaging system meets the imaging performance of the system on the basis of ensuring the aerodynamic performance of the machine body by designing flexible and various aberration correctors.
The optical aberration corrector developed by scholars at home and abroad at present is mainly divided into two types, namely a static aberration corrector and a dynamic aberration corrector, and the two types of aberration corrector have inherent disadvantages. The static aberration corrector corrects the aberration imperfectly, and the dynamic aberration corrector has a complex structure and a large volume, and increases the complexity of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the aberration correction imaging lens assembly with the two-dimensional motion of the conformal optical system is provided, so that the inherent imaging lens assembly is converted into a dynamic aberration correction element, and the dynamic correction of the aberration of the conformal optical system is realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly for two-dimensional movement of a conformal optical system, comprising: the optical system comprises a conformal optical window, an aberration correction imaging lens assembly and a servo control system; the aberration correction imaging lens assembly is connected with the servo control system, and the servo control system can perform motion control on the aberration correction imaging lens assembly; the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens; the servo control system can drive the first lens and the third lens to move along the optical axis relative to the second lens, and the servo control system can drive the first lens, the second lens and the third lens to rotate around the optical axis.
In the aberration correction imaging lens assembly with the conformal optical system moving in two dimensions, the distance between the conformal optical window and the second lens is 136mm; the first lens moves along the shaft relative to the second lens by a distance ranging from 0mm to 4mm, and the third lens moves along the shaft relative to the second lens by a distance ranging from 0mm to 6.7mm; the first lens, the second lens and the third lens rotate around the shaft by an angle ranging from 0 to 0.76 degrees.
In the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly with two-dimensional movement of the conformal optical system, the conformal optical window comprises a conformal outer surface and a conformal inner surface; wherein the conformal outer surface and the conformal inner surface are off-axis concentric paraboloids; the conic coefficients for both the conformal outer surface and the conformal inner surface are-0.875; the radius of curvature of the conformal outer surface is 50mm, and the radius of curvature of the conformal inner surface is 46mm.
In the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly with the conformal optical system moving in two dimensions, the conformal inner surface is a symmetric Zernike surface which can be adjusted in two directions.
In the aberration correction imaging lens assembly with two-dimensional movement of the conformal optical system, the first lens comprises a first spherical surface and a second spherical surface, the first lens is made of germanium, and the thickness of the first lens is 3mm; the second lens comprises a plane and a first cylindrical surface, the second lens is made of zinc selenide, and the thickness of the second lens is 2mm; the third lens comprises a second cylindrical surface and a third spherical surface, the third lens is made of germanium, and the thickness of the third lens is 3mm.
In the aberration correction imaging lens assembly with two-dimensional movement of the conformal optical system, the vector height of the conformal inner surface is expressed as follows:
wherein, Z optical surface vector height, C intersection point radial position of light on the optical surface, r is radius value, k is quadric coefficient, A i Is the coefficient of the ith term of a standard zernike polynomial,
is the axial position of the intersection of the rays on the standard Zernike surface, the normalized radial position of the intersection of the rho rays on the optical surface,
is the angle of the light ray with the optical surface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention converts the inherent imaging lens component into a dynamic aberration correction element to realize the dynamic correction of the aberration of the conformal optical system;
(2) The invention is composed of three lenses, and the functions of the aberration correction imaging component comprise: the method comprises the steps that firstly, the optical relay system is used as an aberration corrector to generate wave front aberration and correct wave front aberration of the conformal optical system, and secondly, the optical relay system is used as a relay imaging system to receive incidence of parallel light of the conformal optical system to complete conformal optical relay imaging;
(3) The two lenses in the lens assembly of the present invention perform axial movement and all three lenses in the lens assembly perform axial rotation. The axial motion of two of the lenses compensates for defocus in the system as a function of the field of view, and the axial rotation of the three lenses compensates for astigmatism in the system as a function of the field of view.
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Various additional advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional motion aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly for a conformal optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating the control of the two-dimensional movement of an aberration-corrected imaging lens assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly with two-dimensional motion for a conformal optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly for two-dimensional movement of the conformal optical system comprises: a conformal optical window 1, an aberration correcting imaging lens assembly 13 and a servo control system. The aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 is connected with the servo control system, and the servo control system can control the movement of the aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13; the aberration correcting imaging lens assembly comprises a first lens 2, a second lens 3 and a third lens 4; the servo control system can drive the first lens 2 and the third lens 4 to move along the axis relative to the second lens 3, and the servo control system can drive the first lens 2, the second lens 3 and the third lens 4 to move along the axis.
The distance between the conformal optical window 1 and the second lens 3 is 136mm;
the servo control system can drive the first lens 2 and the third lens 4 to move along the axis relative to the second lens 3, wherein the specific distance range of the movement of the first lens 2 relative to the second lens 3 is 0mm-4mm, and the distance range of the movement of the third lens 4 relative to the second lens 3 is 0mm-6.7mm.
The angular range of the axial movement of the first lens 2, the second lens 3 and the third lens 4 is 0-0.76 °.
The conformal optical system includes a conformal optical window 1 including a conformal outer surface 5 and a conformal inner surface 6. Conformal inner surface 6 is an aspheric surface that functions to compensate for higher order aspheric aberrations. The two-dimensional motion aberration corrector 13 is positioned to receive the imaging light entering the conformal optical window 1 and its dynamic motion compensates for low-order aberrations, including primarily defocus and astigmatism, in the large-angle field of view. The observation field refers to a rotation or pointing range of the sensor with a large enough angle in the pitch and azimuth directions, and compared with the instantaneous field of view, the instantaneous field of view of the sensor is far smaller than the observation field.
As shown in fig. 1, the role of the conformal optical window 1 generally includes two types: firstly, the fluid mechanical property of a high-speed aircraft is ensured; and secondly, an imaging optical system behind the window can be ensured to meet the requirement of sufficient observation field imaging. For adequate fluid performance, the profile of a conformal optical window typically meets a smooth transition with the mounting interface of a high-speed aircraft, however an optical window meeting this condition typically introduces aberrations that vary with the observed field. The aberrations include higher order aberrations and lower order aberrations, using static and dynamic correction methods, respectively, where the higher order aberrations are typically corrected by a static aberration corrector, i.e., the inner surface of the conformal optical system. Low order aberrations, in particular astigmatism and defocus, are corrected by a general dynamic phase difference corrector, i.e. a conformal optical system image difference generator.
The diameter of an entrance pupil of the optical system is 50mm, the range of an observation field is from-30 degrees to 30 degrees in pitch, the wavelength of a working center is 4.2 micrometers, the above is a design example, and the method is suitable for the same type of conformal optical systems.
The two surfaces of the conformal optical window 1 are eccentric concentric paraboloids, the coefficients of the quadric surfaces of the inner surface and the outer surface are-0.875, the surface shape of the inner surface is different from that of the outer surface, the inner surface is a symmetrical Zernike surface, the curvature radius of the outer surface is 50mm, the curvature radius of the inner surface is 46mm, and the vector height expression of the inner surface is as follows:
wherein, Z optical surface vector height, C intersection point radial position of light on the optical surface, r is radius value, k is quadric coefficient, A i Is the coefficient of the ith term of a standard zernike polynomial,
is the axial position of the intersection of the rays on the standard Zernike surface, the normalized radial position of the intersection of the rho rays on the optical surface,
is the angle of the light ray with the optical surface.
The aberration corrector 13 with two-dimensional motion comprises a lens 2, a lens 3 and a lens 4, and the two-dimensional motion of the aberration corrector comprises the following components: (1) axial movement of lens 2 and lens 4; (2) The lens 2, the lens 3 and the lens 4 rotate around a shaft, the movement of the lens 2 relative to the lens 3 compensates defocusing in the system, and the movement of the lens 4 relative to the lens 3 compensates astigmatism in the system; the axial rotation of the lenses 2, 3, 4 changes the direction of astigmatism.
The lens 2 comprises a spherical surface 7 and a spherical surface 8, germanium is selected as a material, and the thickness is 3mm; the lens 3 comprises a plane surface 9 and a cylindrical surface (or annular surface) 10, the material is zinc selenide, and the thickness is 2mm; the lens 4 comprises a cylindrical surface 11 (or annular surface) and a spherical surface 12 of germanium and has a thickness of about 3mm. The axial movement of lens 2 with respect to 3 in the figure has the effect of compensating for the defocus of the optical system and the axial movement of lens 4 with respect to 3 in the figure has the effect of compensating for the astigmatism of the optical system.
The initial wavefront differences introduced by the conformal optical windows are up to about 5 wavelengths RMS in the field of view, which is an intolerable aberration for optical imaging performance and must be corrected for. The wave front aberration is decomposed into a form of orthogonal Zernike polynomial aberration, and the aberration type comprises high-order aberration through the decomposition, so that the inner surface of the fairing is set to be a surface of a Zernike polynomial to correct the high-order item in the aberration, and after the aberration of the inner surface is corrected, the wave front difference of the aberration in an observation field is about 0.3-0.5 wavelength of RMS value.
The remaining aberrations consist primarily of low order aberrations such as defocus and astigmatism, and the inner surface of the window is generally uncorrectable, and when corrected by the two-dimensional motion aberration corrector, the aberrations are corrected to leave a RMS value of 0.025 wavelength. When two-dimensional motion is generated, the separation and rotation between the three lenses accurately removes defocus and astigmatism from the aberrations. The two-dimensional motion of the three lenses is required to provide sufficient speed to match the speed at which the imaging optics scans within the field of view, and the servo control system provides precise control over the action of the two-dimensional motion aberration corrector by controlling the database.
FIG. 2 shows the control flow of the aberration correcting imaging lens assembly 13 with two-dimensional motion, step 14 determining the position of the aberration correcting imaging lens assembly 13; step 15 indicates that the detector provides aberration data; the method comprises the steps of judging whether a system wavefront RMS value meets system requirements or not, judging whether an aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 is needed to move or not, if the movement is needed, carrying out movement control on the aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 by a servo control system through calling position pre-stored database data, wherein specific action change along with time mainly depends on the position and the face shape change of light entering a conformal optical window, the aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 has universality in application of different conformal optical systems, the action of the aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 depends on the material, the thickness, the outer surface and the face shape of the inner surface of the conformal optical window, and the aberration correction imaging lens assembly 13 is generally arranged at an afocal position behind the conformal optical window.
The invention converts the inherent imaging lens assembly into a dynamic aberration correction element to realize the dynamic correction of the aberration of the conformal optical system; the invention is composed of three lenses, and the functions of the aberration correction imaging component comprise: the first is used as an aberration corrector to generate wavefront aberration and correct the wavefront aberration of the conformal optical system, and the second is used as a relay imaging system to receive the incidence of parallel light of the conformal optical system and complete conformal optical relay imaging; two lenses in the lens component of the invention perform axial movement, and all three lenses in the lens component perform axial rotation. The axial motion of two of the lenses compensates for defocus in the system as a function of the field of view, and the axial rotation of the three lenses compensates for astigmatism in the system as a function of the field of view.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (1)
1. An aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly for two-dimensional motion of a conformal optical system, comprising: a conformal optical window (1), an aberration correcting imaging lens assembly (13) and a servo control system; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the aberration correction imaging lens assembly (13) is connected with the servo control system, and the servo control system can control the movement of the aberration correction imaging lens assembly (13);
the aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly comprises a first lens (2), a second lens (3) and a third lens (4);
the servo control system can drive the first lens (2) and the third lens (4) to move along the optical axis relative to the second lens (3), and the servo control system can drive the first lens (2), the second lens (3) and the third lens (4) to rotate around the optical axis; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the conformal optical window (1) comprises a conformal outer surface (5) and a conformal inner surface (6); wherein the conformal outer surface (5) and the conformal inner surface (6) are off-axis concentric paraboloids; the conic coefficients of both the conformal outer surface (5) and the conformal inner surface (6) are-0.875;
the radius of curvature of the conformal outer surface (5) is 50mm, and the radius of curvature of the conformal inner surface (6) is 46mm;
the vector height expression of the conformal inner surface (6) is as follows:
wherein, Z optical surface vector height, C intersection point radial position of light on the optical surface, r is radius value, k is quadric coefficient, A i Is the coefficient of the ith term of a standard zernike polynomial,
is the axial position of the intersection of the rays on the standard Zernike surface, the normalized radial position of the intersection of the rho rays on the optical surface,
is the angle between the light and the optical surface;
the distance between the conformal optical window (1) and the second lens (3) is 136mm;
the distance range of the first lens (2) moving along the axis relative to the second lens (3) is 0mm-4mm, and the distance range of the third lens (4) moving along the axis relative to the second lens (3) is 0mm-6.7mm;
the first lens (2), the second lens (3) and the third lens (4) rotate around the shaft within the angle range of 0-0.76 degrees; the conformal inner surface (6) is a symmetrical Zernike surface which can be adjusted in two directions; the first lens (2) comprises a first spherical surface (7) and a second spherical surface (8), the first lens (2) is made of germanium, and the thickness of the first lens (2) is 3mm;
the second lens (3) comprises a plane (9) and a first cylindrical surface (10), the material of the second lens (3) is zinc selenide, and the thickness of the second lens (3) is 2mm;
the third lens (4) comprises a second cylindrical surface (11) and a third spherical surface (12), the third lens (4) is made of germanium, and the thickness of the third lens (4) is 3mm; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the control method for the two-dimensional movement of the aberration correction imaging lens assembly comprises the following steps:
determining a position of an aberration-correcting imaging lens assembly (13);
the detector provides aberration data;
judging whether the two lenses of the first lens (2) and the third lens (4) generate axial motion or not, and controlling the two lenses of the first lens (2) and the third lens (4) to generate axial motion if judging that the two lenses of the first lens (2) and the third lens (4) should generate axial motion through a pre-stored database;
and judging whether the aberration correction imaging lens assembly (13) generates axial rotation movement, and if the aberration correction imaging lens assembly (13) is judged to generate axial rotation through a prestored database, controlling the aberration correction imaging lens assembly (13) to generate axial rotation.
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| US6018424A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 2000-01-25 | Raytheon Company | Conformal window design with static and dynamic aberration correction |
| US6201230B1 (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2001-03-13 | Raytheon Company | Sensor system with dynamic optical corrector |
| CN107656368A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of big L/D ratio exposes thoroughly visual field without thermalization Conformal Optical System |
| CN110989167A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Conformal optical system based on wavefront coding and dynamic aberration correction method thereof |
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