CN112526670A - Wavelength-adjustable fiber grating temperature compensation structure - Google Patents
Wavelength-adjustable fiber grating temperature compensation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112526670A CN112526670A CN202011492537.6A CN202011492537A CN112526670A CN 112526670 A CN112526670 A CN 112526670A CN 202011492537 A CN202011492537 A CN 202011492537A CN 112526670 A CN112526670 A CN 112526670A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02171—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes
- G02B6/02176—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes due to temperature fluctuations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02171—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes
- G02B6/02176—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes due to temperature fluctuations
- G02B6/0218—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes due to temperature fluctuations using mounting means, e.g. by using a combination of materials having different thermal expansion coefficients
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wavelength-adjustable fiber grating temperature compensation structure, which comprises: the top of one side of the base body is provided with a semicircular groove; the end part of the other side of the substrate is provided with a micropore with a certain length; an adjusting hole is arranged below the micropore, a longitudinal first stress adjusting seam is arranged below the adjusting hole, and a transverse second stress adjusting seam is arranged at the top end of the adjusting hole extending to the inside of the base body; the metal capillary tube is fixed in the semicircular groove; the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the metal capillary and the micropore and is in a pre-stretching state; the adjusting piece is arranged in the adjusting hole, and the top end of the adjusting piece penetrates through the second stress adjusting seam to be in contact with the base body; when the adjusting piece is adjusted, the matrix above the adjusting piece generates micro displacement, and the fiber bragg grating generates deformation. The invention has smart structure and can realize wavelength adjustability and temperature compensation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to packaging of fiber gratings in fiber communication and fiber sensing, in particular to a temperature compensation structure with adjustable wavelength of the fiber gratings.
Background
The fiber grating as a passive optical fiber device has been widely applied in the fields of optical fiber sensing, optical fiber communication and the like. In the sensing field, the fiber bragg grating can be used as a core element to be packaged into sensors in various forms to measure physical quantities such as pressure, strain, displacement and the like; in optical fiber communications, optical fibers may operate as dispersion compensators, narrow band filters, optical signal reflectors, and the like. Due to the temperature-sensitive characteristic of the fiber grating, that is, the central wavelength changes with the temperature, the normal operation of the fiber grating can be adversely affected in some specific situations, such as the deterioration of the measurement accuracy of the sensor, the bandwidth drift of the filter, and the like. The packaging structure provided by the invention can effectively solve similar problems and has strong practical value.
The temperature compensation structure provided by the invention patent CN1399152A utilizes the adjusting rod to adjust the wavelength, and has a relatively complex structure, a complicated wavelength adjusting process in the actual operation process, and low efficiency. The invention patent 106094116a and the invention patent 1388388A can realize temperature compensation of the fiber grating, but cannot adjust the wavelength of the packaged grating, and it is difficult to achieve good wavelength consistency purely by the packaging process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wavelength-adjustable fiber grating temperature compensation structure which is simple and practical in structure, low in cost and high in efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure, includes:
the top of one side of the base body is provided with a semicircular groove; the end part of the other side of the substrate is provided with a micropore with a certain length; an adjusting hole is arranged below the micropore, a longitudinal first stress adjusting seam is arranged below the adjusting hole, and a transverse second stress adjusting seam is arranged at the top end of the adjusting hole extending to the inside of the base body;
the metal capillary tube is fixed in the semicircular groove;
the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the metal capillary and the micropore and is in a pre-stretching state;
the adjusting piece is arranged in the adjusting hole, and the top end of the adjusting piece penetrates through the second stress adjusting seam to be in contact with the base body; when the adjusting piece is adjusted, the matrix above the adjusting piece generates micro displacement, and the fiber bragg grating generates deformation.
According to the technical scheme, the metal capillary is superposed with the central axis of the micropore.
According to the technical scheme, the adjusting piece is an adjusting screw, and the expansion coefficient of the adjusting piece is the same as that of the base body.
According to the technical scheme, when the ambient temperature rises or falls, the expansion amounts of the metal capillary tube, the fiber bragg grating and the matrix are the same, and the fiber bragg grating is not stressed.
According to the technical scheme, the effective length of the substrate is l1Effective length l of said metal capillary2The effective length of the fiber grating is l3Satisfy the relation l1＝l2+l3。
And the fiber grating is fixed in the metal capillary and the micropore through adhesive.
According to the technical scheme, the metal capillary tube and the base body are fixed in a metal welding mode.
According to the technical scheme, the adjusting piece is provided with a rotating screw, and when the adjusting piece is contacted with the base body and screwed inwards, the base body above the adjusting piece is slightly displaced outwards relative to the base body; when the adjusting piece is screwed out, the base body above the adjusting piece is slightly displaced inwards relative to the base body; the micro-displacement of the substrate makes the fiber grating generate deformation, and the wavelength of the fiber grating is changed.
According to the technical scheme, the longitudinal top end of the first stress adjusting seam and the transverse left end of the second stress adjusting seam are at the same height.
According to the technical scheme, the top ends of the first stress adjusting seam and the second stress adjusting seam are semicircular.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the two longitudinal and transverse stress adjusting seams are arranged below the adjusting hole of the substrate, and the substrate is subjected to micro-displacement by adjusting the adjusting piece arranged in the adjusting hole, so that the fiber bragg grating is deformed, the wavelength of the fiber bragg grating is adjusted, and the temperature compensation of the fiber bragg grating is realized; and the wavelength can be flexibly adjusted, the efficiency and the yield are improved, the consistency of products is ensured, and the method has great practical value in the actual product production.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an adjustment member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature compensated effective length.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the wavelength-tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 1, a metal capillary 2, a tuning screw 3, and a fiber grating 4.
The top of one side of the substrate is provided with a semicircular groove; the end part of the other side of the substrate is provided with a micropore 7 with a certain length; an adjusting hole is arranged below the micropore 7, a longitudinal stress adjusting seam 6 is arranged below the adjusting hole, and a transverse stress adjusting seam 5 is arranged at the top end of the adjusting hole extending to the inside of the base body.
The metal capillary tube 2 is fixed in the semicircular groove. And the fiber bragg grating 4 penetrates through the metal capillary 2 and the micropore 7 and is in a pre-stretched state.
The adjusting piece is arranged in the adjusting hole, and the top end of the adjusting piece penetrates through the stress adjusting seam 5 to be in contact with the base body; when the adjusting piece is adjusted, the matrix above the adjusting piece generates micro displacement, and the fiber grating 4 generates deformation, so that the wavelength of the fiber grating is adjusted.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the base 1 is provided with a groove, and two sides of the groove are higher than the groove to form steps, which may be referred to as a left side step and a right side step as shown in the figure. The right step is provided with a semicircular groove, and the diameter of the semicircular groove is the same as the outer diameter of the metal capillary tube 2, so that the metal capillary tube 2 can be conveniently installed and fixed. The left side platform is provided with a micropore 7, the central axis of the micropore 7 is superposed with the axis of the capillary 2, and the micropore 7 is mainly used for installing the fiber grating 4. The stress adjusting seam 5 and the stress adjusting seam 6 are mainly used for conveniently adjusting the relative position of the left step and the base body; a threaded through hole (i.e. an adjusting hole) is formed in the middle of the left step of the base body and used for installing the adjusting piece 3, and the adjusting piece 3 is an adjusting screw in the embodiment. The base material is a metal having an expansion coefficient smaller than that of the metal capillary 2.
The inner diameter of the metal capillary 2 is equal to the inner diameter of the step micropore 7 on the left side of the substrate 1 and is coaxial; the metal capillary 2 and the substrate 1 are fixed by metal welding; the end face of the right end of the metal capillary 2 is flush with the end face of the substrate after installation.
The material of the adjusting screw is the same as that of the base body 1; the top end of the adjusting screw passes through the stress adjusting slot 6 to be in contact with the base body surface. The fiber bragg grating 4 is positioned in the middle of the structure, and tail fibers 8 at two ends of the fiber bragg grating 4 respectively penetrate through the micropores 7 and the metal capillary 2; the fiber grating 4 is fixed on the substrate 1 in a prestressed state; and the tail fibers at two ends are fixed in a dispensing manner.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the right end of the stress adjustment slit 5 and the top end of the stress adjustment slit 6 are arranged at a height which is basically the same, so that the adjustment of the micro displacement of the left step of the substrate is more sensitive; when the adjusting screw is screwed clockwise after contacting the surface of the substrate, because the adjusting screw cannot advance, the step on the left side of the substrate generates outward micro-displacement relative to the substrate main body, the tension on the fiber bragg grating 4 is increased, and the wavelength of the fiber bragg grating 4 is increased; on the contrary, when the adjusting screw is screwed out counterclockwise, the step on the left side of the substrate can generate inward micro displacement relative to the substrate main body, the tension on the fiber grating 4 is reduced, the wavelength of the fiber grating 4 is reduced, and therefore wavelength adjustment is achieved.
For a detailed description of the wavelength tuning process, the structure-related design will now be described in detail. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the stress-adjusting slits 5 and 6 is 1mm, the top end of the slits is semicircular, and the radius is 0.5 mm. The axial line of the stress adjusting seam 5 is a horizontal line, the axial line of the stress adjusting seam 6 is a vertical line, the axial lines of the two seams are mutually vertical, and the circle centers of the top ends of the two seams are in the same horizontal line. As shown in fig. 3, the adjusting part 3 is a special small screw with an outer diameter of 3mm, the adjusting end contacting with the base body is spherical, and the other end is an inner hexagon. The pitch is 0.2mm, i.e. the spherical end advances 0.2mm displacement after one rotation. The position of the adjusting hole is positioned in the middle of the micropore 7 and the stress adjusting slit 5, so that after the spherical end of the adjusting piece is contacted with the base body, the adjusting piece is screwed into a circle, and the micropore 7 moves 0.4mm to the left.
The method comprises the steps of processing a base body 1, processing an adjusting piece 3 and processing a metal capillary tube 2 according to design requirements, wherein the base body and the adjusting piece are made of the same material, invar alloy is generally selected, and the expansion coefficients of the base body 1, the adjusting piece 3 and the metal capillary tube 2 meet the requirement of temperature compensation.
Fixing the metal capillary tube 2 on the base body 1 by using a laser welding mode, wherein the right end of the metal capillary tube 2 is flush with the end face of the base body, and the metal capillary tube 2 is coaxial with the micropore 7 on the base body.
When the adjusting part 3 adopts an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is screwed into a threaded hole of the base body, and when the top end of the adjusting screw is contacted with the surface of the base body, the adjusting screw is continuously screwed for 90 degrees, so that the adjusting screw is in a pre-tightening state.
The fiber grating tail fiber is made to pass through the metal capillary 2 and the micropores 7 to make the fiber grating in the position near the middle of the structure, and the fiber grating is pre-stretched while setting adhesive glue is injected into the metal capillary and the micropores to fix the fiber grating in the pre-stretched state.
The wavelength of the packaged fiber grating 4 is tested and compared with the target control wavelength. If the wavelength of the packaged optical fiber grating is smaller, the adjusting screw can be screwed in continuously, the step on the left side of the base body is subjected to outward micro-displacement, the tension of the optical fiber grating is increased, the wavelength of the optical fiber grating is increased, and the target wavelength is adjusted. Otherwise, the adjusting screw is screwed outwards. According to the actual manufacturing situation of the product, the maximum range of wavelength adjustment after packaging is about 1nm, and then the adjustment position of the spherical end is 0.02mm, and as can be seen from the above design analysis, the rotation angle is required to be about 4 °.
When the ambient temperature of the packaging structure rises, the base body 1 expands due to the characteristics of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the tension on the grating is increased, but the metal capillary tube 2 and the grating 4 also expand, the expansion amount of the metal capillary tube 2 and the fiber grating 4 is equal to that of the base body, the stress on the fiber grating 4 is unchanged, and therefore the central wavelength cannot be changed. Similarly, when the ambient temperature is reduced, the central wavelength will not change.
The invention relates to a wavelength-adjustable fiber grating temperature compensation structure, which is mainly characterized in that:
as shown in FIG. 4, for temperature compensation, the effective length of the substrate 1 is l1Effective length l of metal capillary 22The effective length of the optical fiber is l3According to the structural relationship, the method can be known,
l1＝l2+l3
assuming that the expansion coefficient of the matrix is alpha1The expansion coefficient of the metal capillary tube is alpha2The expansion coefficient of the optical fiber is alpha assuming that the expansion coefficient of the matrix is alpha3The coefficient of expansion of the optical fiber material is small, generally an order of magnitude smaller than that of metal, so that the coefficient of expansion of the materials is in the following relationship,
α2＞α1＞α3
if the amount of change in temperature is
The stress is balanced, the central wavelength of the fiber grating is kept unchanged, and then,
in the actual package structure2And l3There are various relationships, choose l2And l3Feasibility of equal coming to structureSpecific examples of design, using1＝l2+l3The method is simplified and the obtained product is,
2α1＝α2+α3
empirically, the expansion coefficient of an optical fiber is about 0.5 × 10-6The coefficient of expansion of most metals is about 15X 10/deg.C-6/° c, the fiber having an approximate coefficient of expansion of the metal
A rough approximation is made as to the relationship,
therefore, the temperature compensation can be effectively realized by using two metals with expansion coefficients close to 2 times. However, it is difficult to find two metals with expansion coefficients of just 2 times, and in practice it is common practice to adjust l2And l3Temperature compensation is realized. In the invention, the substrate is made of invar alloy and the expansion coefficient of the invar alloy is 7.82 multiplied by 10-6/° c, the effective length is 65 mm; the metal capillary tube is made of 1Cr18Ni9Ti with expansion coefficient of 16.61X 10-6/° c, the effective length is 29.42 mm; the expansion coefficient of the optical fiber is 0.55X 10-6The effective length is 35.58 mm/° C.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A wavelength-tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure, comprising:
the top of one side of the base body is provided with a semicircular groove; the end part of the other side of the substrate is provided with a micropore with a certain length; an adjusting hole is arranged below the micropore, a longitudinal first stress adjusting seam is arranged below the adjusting hole, and a transverse second stress adjusting seam is arranged at the top end of the adjusting hole extending to the inside of the base body;
the metal capillary tube is fixed in the semicircular groove;
the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the metal capillary and the micropore and is in a pre-stretching state;
the adjusting piece is arranged in the adjusting hole, and the top end of the adjusting piece penetrates through the second stress adjusting seam to be in contact with the base body; when the adjusting piece is adjusted, the matrix above the adjusting piece generates micro displacement, and the fiber bragg grating generates deformation.
2. The tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the metal capillary coincides with a central axis of the micro-hole.
3. The tunable wavelength fiber grating temperature compensation structure according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting member is an adjusting screw having the same coefficient of expansion as the base member.
4. The wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein when the ambient temperature rises or falls, the expansion amounts of the metal capillary, the fiber grating and the substrate are the same, and the fiber grating is not subjected to a force.
5. The wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the effective length of the substrate is l1Effective length l of said metal capillary2The effective length of the fiber grating is l3Satisfy the relation l1＝l2+l3。
6. The wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the fiber grating is fixed in the metal capillary and the micro-hole by an adhesive.
7. The tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the metal capillary is fixed to the substrate by metal welding.
8. The wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the adjusting member is a rotating screw, and when the adjusting member is screwed inward in contact with the substrate, the substrate above the adjusting member is slightly displaced outward relative to the substrate main body; when the adjusting piece is screwed out, the base body above the adjusting piece is slightly displaced inwards relative to the base body; the micro-displacement of the substrate makes the fiber grating generate deformation, and the wavelength of the fiber grating is changed.
9. The tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal top of the first stress adjustment slit and the lateral left end of the second stress adjustment slit are at the same height.
10. The wavelength tunable fiber grating temperature compensation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first stress adjustment slit and the second stress adjustment slit have semicircular top ends.
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| TW440728B (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-06-16 | Ind Tech Res Inst | A tunable fiber grating |
| US6453108B1 (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2002-09-17 | Cidra Corporation | Athermal bragg grating package with course and fine mechanical tuning |
| US20020150335A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-10-17 | Teraxion Inc. | Fine-tuning assembly for optical gratings |
| JP2005017462A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Fujikura Ltd | Variable property optical fiber grating |
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| CN106094116A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-11-09 | 晋禾企业股份有限公司 | Temperature compensated fiber Bragg grating filter device |
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2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202011492537.6A patent/CN112526670B/en active Active
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| TW440728B (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-06-16 | Ind Tech Res Inst | A tunable fiber grating |
| US6453108B1 (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2002-09-17 | Cidra Corporation | Athermal bragg grating package with course and fine mechanical tuning |
| US20020150335A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-10-17 | Teraxion Inc. | Fine-tuning assembly for optical gratings |
| JP2005017462A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Fujikura Ltd | Variable property optical fiber grating |
| CN105137591A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-12-09 | 骆飞 | Fiber bragg grating superstructure tuning method and device |
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