CN110132467B - Fiber grating pressure sensor - Google Patents
Fiber grating pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132467B CN110132467B CN201910562882.3A CN201910562882A CN110132467B CN 110132467 B CN110132467 B CN 110132467B CN 201910562882 A CN201910562882 A CN 201910562882A CN 110132467 B CN110132467 B CN 110132467B
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102100022116 F-box only protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100024513 F-box only protein 6 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101000824158 Homo sapiens F-box only protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101001052796 Homo sapiens F-box only protein 6 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber grating pressure sensor; the device comprises a top cover, a base, an optical fiber grating, a guide rod, a first spring, a second spring and a third tension spring; the upper end face of the base is provided with a mounting groove, the base is provided with a through hole, the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the through hole, the fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the through hole, the middle part of the fiber bragg grating is fixed with the bottom of the mounting groove through a central supporting arm, and two grating areas are arranged between the central supporting arm and the side walls of the mounting grooves at two sides; the top cover is provided with a boss, the boss is provided with a guide groove, the upper end of the guide rod extends into the guide groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is contacted with the midpoint of one grating area of the fiber grating; the upper end of the first spring is propped against the top cover, the lower end of the first spring is propped against the base, the upper end of the second spring is propped against the upper wall of the guide groove, the lower end of the second spring is propped against the upper end face of the guide rod, the lower end of the third tension spring is fixed with the guide rod, and the upper end of the third tension spring is fixed with the boss of the top cover. The beneficial technical effects are as follows: the pressure sensor has the advantages of simple structure, simple packaging process, temperature compensation function and capability of realizing accurate measurement of pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fiber grating pressure sensor.
Background
Fiber gratings have many other advantages that are not comparable to sensors: all-optical measurement, no electric equipment is arranged on a monitoring site, and electromagnetic and nuclear radiation interference is avoided; the device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high sensitivity, no zero drift and long-term stability; the central wavelength of the reflected light is used for representing the measured light, and the measured light is not influenced by factors such as power fluctuation of a light source, microbending effect of an optical fiber, coupling loss and the like; absolute measurement, no calibration is needed in the process of system installation and long-term use; long service life, easy multiplexing and being capable of forming a sensing network, etc.
Because the fiber grating wavelength is sensitive to temperature and strain at the same time, namely the temperature and strain cause the fiber grating coupling wavelength to move at the same time, the temperature and the strain cannot be distinguished by measuring the fiber grating coupling wavelength movement, so the cross sensitivity problem is solved, the premise of realizing accurate stress measurement and practicality is realized, the existing fiber grating sensor generally adopts temperature-sensitive metal added at one end of the fiber grating to realize temperature compensation, but the technology improves the complexity and difficulty of the packaging technology, for example, the metal length and the fiber grating length have a certain proportion relationship, and the temperature compensation is incomplete if the metal length and the fiber grating length deviate slightly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an optical fiber grating pressure sensor for eliminating temperature influence.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an optical fiber grating pressure sensor;
the device comprises a top cover, a base, an optical fiber grating, a guide rod, a first spring, a second spring and a third tension spring;
the upper end face of the base is provided with a mounting groove, the base is provided with a through hole penetrating through the side walls of the two sides of the base, the through hole passes through the mounting groove, the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the through hole of the base, the two ends of the fiber bragg grating extend out of the base, the fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the inner walls of the through holes positioned at the two sides of the mounting groove respectively, the middle part of the fiber bragg grating positioned in the mounting groove is fixed with the bottom of the mounting groove through a central supporting arm, the fiber bragg grating positioned between the central supporting arm and the side walls of the mounting groove at the two sides is provided with two grating areas, the lengths of the two grating areas are identical, the central wavelengths of the two grating areas are different, and a central wavelength overlapping area does not appear in the two grating areas during measurement;
the top cover is provided with a boss matched with the base mounting groove, the lower end surface of the boss is provided with a vertical guide groove, the upper end of the guide rod extends into the guide groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is contacted with the midpoint of any grating region of the fiber bragg grating;
the upper end of the first spring is propped against the top cover, the lower end of the first spring is propped against the base, the upper end of the second spring is propped against the upper wall of the guide groove, the lower end of the second spring is propped against the upper end face of the guide rod, the lower end of the third tension spring is fixed with the guide rod, and the upper end of the third tension spring is fixed with the boss of the top cover;
in the initial state, the first and second springs have a margin that can be compressed, and the first and second gate regions remain in a horizontal state.
For a clearer understanding of the technical content of the present invention, the present fiber grating pressure sensor will be hereinafter simply referred to as the present sensor.
As the preference of this sensor, the top cap up end is opened and is had the communicating screw hole of guide way, and adjusting bolt cooperates with the screw hole of top cap, and adjusting bolt's lower extreme stretches into in the guide way, and the second spring upper end supports and leans on adjusting bolt's lower extreme, and the second spring lower extreme supports and leans on the guide arm up end.
As the preference of this sensor, open at the mounting groove inner wall upper portion of base has spacing annular, and boss lateral wall upper portion of top cap is equipped with the spacing bulge loop with spacing annular complex, and spacing bulge loop's lower extreme stretches into in the spacing annular, and during initial state, there is the clearance between spacing bulge loop lower terminal surface and the spacing annular up end.
As the optimization of this sensor, the coefficient of stiffness of first spring is greater than the coefficient of stiffness of second spring, and the coefficient of stiffness of second spring is greater than the coefficient of stiffness of third extension spring.
The sensor utilizes the characteristic that the fiber bragg gratings are very sensitive to strain, and the two ends of the fiber bragg gratings are respectively supported and fixed with the two sides of the base, and the midpoint part between the two fiber bragg gratings is fixed with the central supporting arm; when the top cover is subjected to pressure, the first spring, the second spring and the third tension spring are caused to deform, so that the force transmission guide rod is caused to move downwards, the corresponding grating region of the fiber bragg grating is caused to deform, the wavelength of the fiber bragg grating is caused to change, and pressure measurement is simply realized.
When the ambient temperature changes, the wavelength change ratio ((alpha) of two grating regions of the fiber grating caused by the ambient temperature FBG +ζ) deltaT) is the same, and accurate temperature compensation can be realized by only subtracting the wavelength variation ratio caused by the temperature of the other grating region of the fiber bragg grating from the wavelength variation ratio caused by the temperature of the corresponding grating region of the fiber bragg grating under the action of the guide rod.
The beneficial technical effects of the sensor are as follows: the pressure measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, simple packaging process and temperature compensation function, and can further realize accurate measurement of pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present sensor.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a top cover of an embodiment of the present sensor.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a base of an embodiment of the present sensor.
FIG. 5 is a mechanical model diagram of a second grating region of a fiber grating according to an embodiment of the present sensor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4
The sensor comprises a top cover 4, a base 1, a fiber grating 2, a guide rod 3, a first spring 51, a second spring 52 and a third tension spring 53.
The base 1 adopts an integral molding process, the base 1 is generally cylindrical, a spring notch 11 for placing a first spring 51 is formed in the edge of the upper portion of the base 1, a columnar mounting groove 12 is formed in the center of the upper end face of the base 1, through holes 13 penetrating through the side walls of the two sides of the base 1 are formed in the lower portion of the base 1 along the radial direction of the base, the through holes 13 pass through the mounting groove 12, and a limiting ring groove 12a is formed in the upper portion of the inner wall of the mounting groove 12 of the base 1.
The fiber bragg grating 2 passes through the through hole 13 of the base 1, two ends of the fiber bragg grating 2 extend out of the base 1, the fiber bragg grating 2 is respectively fixed with the inner walls of the through holes 13 positioned at two sides of the mounting groove 12 through bonding, the central supporting arm 14 is fixedly welded on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 12, the fiber bragg grating 2 and the central supporting arm 14 are also fixed through bonding, the fiber bragg grating 2 between the central supporting arm 14 and the side walls of the mounting grooves 12 at two sides is two grating areas, the two grating areas are respectively a first grating area 21 at the left side and a second grating area 22 at the right side, the lengths of the first grating area 21 and the second grating area 22 are the same, the central wavelengths of the first grating area 21 and the second grating area 22 are different, and when in measurement, the central wavelength overlapping area cannot appear in the first grating area 21 and the second grating area 22.
The top cover 4 also adopts an integral molding process, the edge of the lower end surface of the top cover 4 is provided with a cover body 41, the cover body 41 is clamped on the outer side of the base 1, the center of the lower end surface of the top cover 4 is provided with a boss 42 matched with the mounting groove 12 of the base 1, the boss 42 stretches into the mounting groove 12 of the base 1, the lower end surface of the boss 42 is provided with a vertical guide groove 42a, the guide groove 42a is aligned with the midpoint position of the second grid region 22, the upper end surface of the top cover 4 is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the guide groove 42a, an adjusting bolt 43 is matched with the threaded hole of the top cover 4, the lower end of the adjusting bolt 43 stretches into the guide groove 42a, the upper end of a guide rod 3 stretches into the guide groove 42a, the lower end of the guide rod 3 is a tip, the lower end of the guide rod 3 contacts with the midpoint of any grid region of the fiber bragg grating 2, the upper part of the side wall of the boss 42 of the top cover 4 is provided with a limit convex ring 42b matched with the limit ring groove 12a, and the lower end of the limit convex ring 42b stretches into the limit ring 12a.
The upper end of the first spring 51 is abutted against the top cover 4, the lower part of the first spring 51 is positioned in the spring notch 11 of the base 1, the lower end of the first spring 51 is abutted against the base 1, the upper end of the second spring 52 is abutted against the lower end of the adjusting bolt 43, the upper end face of the guide rod 3 at the lower end of the second spring 52, the lower end of the third tension spring 53 is fixed with the middle point of the length of the guide rod 3 extending out of the lower side of the guide groove 42a, and the upper end of the third tension spring 53 is fixed with the boss 42 of the top cover 4;
the stiffness coefficient of the first spring 51 is larger than that of the second spring 52, the stiffness coefficient of the second spring 52 is larger than that of the third tension spring 53, and the third tension spring 53 is always in a stretched state in the whole pressure measurement process.
In the initial state, the top cover 4 is not stressed, the first spring 51 and the second spring 52 have a compressible allowance, the first grating region 21 and the second grating region 22 keep a horizontal state, a gap is formed between the lower end surface of the limiting convex ring 42b and the upper end surface of the limiting ring groove 12a, the guide rod 3 is just contacted with the midpoint of the second grating region 22 of the fiber grating 2, but the guide rod 3 does not generate acting force on the second grating region 22, and the fiber grating 2 keeps horizontal.
When the sensor cap 4 is stressed, its size is:
F＝k 1 Δx 1 +(k 2 -k 3 )Δx 2 (1)
wherein k is 1 、k 2 、k 3 The stiffness coefficients, deltax, of the first spring 51, the second spring 52 and the third tension spring 53 respectively 1 As the deformation amount of the first spring 51, Δx 2 The deformation amounts of the second spring 52 and the third tension spring 53 are equal (as can be seen from analysis, the deformation amounts of the second spring 52 and the third tension spring 53 are equal).
The fiber grating mechanical model is shown in fig. 5. Because the fiber grating 2 needs a certain pretension, the pretension is set as F b At the guide rod force F d Under the action, the axial strain change of the second grating region 22 of the fiber bragg grating 2 is as follows:
wherein, delta epsilon FBG2 For the representation of the strain of the second grating region 22, d is half the length of either grating region of the fiber grating 2 (the length of both grating regions is 2 d), Δx 3 Is the vertical distance that the contact position moves after the fiber bragg grating 2 receives the force of the guide rod.
At the guide rod force F d Under the action, the stress generated by the second grating region 22 of the fiber grating 2 is as follows:
where S is the cross-sectional area of the first grating region 21 or the second grating region 22 of the fiber grating 2, and E is the young' S modulus of the fiber grating 2.
Guide rod force F d The method comprises the following steps:
wherein alpha is the included angle between the deviating position of the second grating region 22 of the fiber grating 2 and the original flat constant position under the action of the guide rod force.
The mechanical analysis of the whole sensor is easy to obtain, and the acting force of the guide rod 3 on the top cover 4 is equal to the acting force of the guide rod 3 on the fiber grating 2, and can be expressed as
F d ＝(k 2 -k 3 )Δx 2 (5)
And the deformation amount satisfies the following relation:
Δx 1 -Δx 3 ＝Δx 2 (6)
the wavelength of the fiber grating is changed by strain and temperature:
Δλ＝λ B (1-P e )Δε FBG +λ B (α FBG +ξ)ΔT (7)
wherein Deltalambda is the wavelength variation of the fiber grating 2, lambda B Is the center wavelength of the reflected wave of the fiber bragg grating 2, P e Is a photoelectric constant (P) e ≈0.22)，α FBG Is the thermal expansion coefficient (alpha) of the fiber grating 2 FBG ＝5.5×10 -7 I c), ζ is a thermo-optic coefficient (ζ=6.7x10) -6 Temperature/°c), Δt is the temperature change value.
The wavelength variation of the two grating areas of the fiber grating 2 during measurement is respectively as follows:
Δλ 1 ＝λ B1 (1-P e )Δε FBG1 +λ B1 (α FBG +ξ)ΔT (8)
Δλ 2 ＝λ B2 (1-P e )Δε FBG2 +λ B2 (α FBG +ξ)ΔT (9)
during measurement, only the second grating region 22 of the fiber bragg grating 2 is affected by the stress change under the action of the guide rod force, and then:
Δε FBG1 ＝0 (10)
carrying the formulas (2) and (10) into the formulas (8) and (9) to obtain the finished products:
Δλ 1 ＝λ B1 (α FBG +ξ)ΔT (11)
solving the formulas (11) and (12) can obtain:
further simultaneous formulae (1), (4), (5), (6) and (13) are available:
wherein,
according to the formula, the acting force received by the top cover of the sensor can be accurately calculated after the wavelength fed back by the fiber bragg grating 2 is received.
The foregoing is merely one embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which would also be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A fiber grating pressure sensor is characterized in that:
the device comprises a top cover, a base, an optical fiber grating, a guide rod, a first spring, a second spring and a third tension spring;
the upper end face of the base is provided with a mounting groove, the base is provided with a through hole penetrating through the side walls of the two sides of the base, the through hole passes through the mounting groove, the fiber bragg grating penetrates through the through hole of the base, the two ends of the fiber bragg grating extend out of the base, the fiber bragg grating is fixedly connected with the inner walls of the through holes positioned at the two sides of the mounting groove respectively, the middle part of the fiber bragg grating positioned in the mounting groove is fixed with the bottom of the mounting groove through a central supporting arm, the fiber bragg grating positioned between the central supporting arm and the side walls of the mounting groove at the two sides is provided with two grating areas, the lengths of the two grating areas are identical, the central wavelengths of the two grating areas are different, and a central wavelength overlapping area does not appear in the two grating areas during measurement;
the top cover is provided with a boss matched with the base mounting groove, the lower end surface of the boss is provided with a vertical guide groove, the upper end of the guide rod extends into the guide groove, and the lower end of the guide rod is contacted with the midpoint of any grating region of the fiber bragg grating;
the upper end of the first spring is propped against the top cover, the lower end of the first spring is propped against the base, the upper end of the second spring is propped against the upper wall of the guide groove, the lower end of the second spring is propped against the upper end face of the guide rod, the lower end of the third tension spring is fixed with the guide rod, and the upper end of the third tension spring is fixed with the boss of the top cover;
in an initial state, the first spring and the second spring have a margin capable of being compressed, and the first gate region and the second gate region are kept in a horizontal state;
the upper end face of the top cover is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the guide groove, the adjusting bolt is matched with the threaded hole of the top cover, the lower end of the adjusting bolt stretches into the guide groove, the upper end of the second spring abuts against the lower end of the adjusting bolt, and the lower end of the second spring abuts against the upper end face of the guide rod;
the upper part of the inner wall of the mounting groove of the base is provided with a limiting ring groove, the upper part of the side wall of the boss of the top cover is provided with a limiting convex ring matched with the limiting ring groove, the lower end of the limiting convex ring stretches into the limiting ring groove, and a gap is reserved between the lower end surface of the limiting convex ring and the upper end surface of the limiting ring groove in an initial state.
2. The fiber grating pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein:
the stiffness coefficient of the first spring is larger than that of the second spring, and the stiffness coefficient of the second spring is larger than that of the third tension spring.
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| CN201910562882.3A CN110132467B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Fiber grating pressure sensor |
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| CN201910562882.3A CN110132467B (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2019-06-26 | Fiber grating pressure sensor |
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| CN110132467B true CN110132467B (en) | 2024-02-06 |
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Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001500270A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2001-01-09 | シドラ コーポレイション | Bourdon tube pressure gauge with integrated optical strain sensor for measuring tension or compression strain |
| CN101975632A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | Temperature self-compensating fiber grating rod force sensor and using method thereof |
| CN102175157A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-09-07 | 燕山大学 | Dual-range stay wire type fiber bragg grating displacement sensor |
| CN102589768A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for measuring disconnecting switch contact finger pressure based on optical fiber Bragg grating sensor |
| CN107102160A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-29 | 天府认证有限公司 | The acceleration transducer protected with thermoelectricity |
| CN107907252A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-13 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of lever fiber bragg grating pressure sensor |
| CN108663146A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-10-16 | 合肥云联电子科技有限公司 | A kind of protective device of the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor with temperature-compensating |
| CN208736582U (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-12 | 昆明理工光智检测科技有限公司 | A kind of FBG tension sensor based on diplopore cantilever beam |
-
2019
- 2019-06-26 CN CN201910562882.3A patent/CN110132467B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001500270A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2001-01-09 | シドラ コーポレイション | Bourdon tube pressure gauge with integrated optical strain sensor for measuring tension or compression strain |
| CN101975632A (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2011-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | Temperature self-compensating fiber grating rod force sensor and using method thereof |
| CN102175157A (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-09-07 | 燕山大学 | Dual-range stay wire type fiber bragg grating displacement sensor |
| CN102589768A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2012-07-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for measuring disconnecting switch contact finger pressure based on optical fiber Bragg grating sensor |
| CN107102160A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-29 | 天府认证有限公司 | The acceleration transducer protected with thermoelectricity |
| CN107907252A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-13 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of lever fiber bragg grating pressure sensor |
| CN108663146A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-10-16 | 合肥云联电子科技有限公司 | A kind of protective device of the fiber bragg grating pressure sensor with temperature-compensating |
| CN208736582U (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-12 | 昆明理工光智检测科技有限公司 | A kind of FBG tension sensor based on diplopore cantilever beam |
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| Title |
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| 称重传感器的可靠性与故障;刘九卿;;衡器(01);全文 * |
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Inventor after: Tian Juan Inventor after: Li Yuqing Inventor after: Li Kuo Inventor after: Liu Xu Inventor after: Qiao Aimin Inventor before: Li Yuqing Inventor before: Tian Juan Inventor before: Li Kuo Inventor before: Liu Xu Inventor before: Qiao Aimin |
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