CN112526240A - Non-contact broadband overvoltage online monitoring device - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of voltage monitoring, in particular to a non-contact broadband overvoltage online monitoring device, which comprises a monitoring system and a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data communication module, a data storage management module and a self-powered module; the data acquisition module is in signal connection with the data storage management module, acquires signals, digitizes the signals, judges whether triggering is needed or not in a circuit mode, and transmits the signals to the data storage management module for data storage; the invention is to combine the advantages of the electric field reduction method and the optical measurement means, the electric field generated by the broadband transient voltage of the monitored power system is regarded as a quasi-static field, the field intensity of a certain point is in direct proportion to the amplitude of the overvoltage, the overvoltage multiple is obtained by utilizing the proportional relation between the power frequency electric field generated by the power frequency voltage and the overvoltage transient electric field, and the time domain waveform of the overvoltage is obtained only by measuring the time domain electric field at a fixed position in the space by the electric field sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of voltage monitoring, in particular to a non-contact type broadband overvoltage online monitoring device.
Background
Voltage is an important parameter of the operating state of the grid. At present, the power grid is technically mature in the aspect of voltage monitoring of power frequency and harmonic waves, but in the aspects of measurement and deep excavation of broadband transient voltage, the power grid has a large development and application space:
1) for a long time, people widely perform power grid transient voltage measurement, but these are mainly based on simulation, the system is usually simplified, and the simulation result is difficult to completely conform to the actual situation.
2) The voltage of the power grid is collected by a voltage transformer (PT) or a Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT), and the equipment comprises energy storage elements, so that the frequency band is low, the size is large, the station end is deployed, and the real broadband transient voltage characteristic of the line cannot be accurately and timely reflected; and the problems of electromagnetic oscillation, overvoltage and the like can be brought, so that the method is not more and more suitable for the development direction of the power grid.
3) The grid fault location only depends on fault current signals at present and lacks fault voltage signals; when non-lightning faults such as tree faults and the like are judged, the positioning precision is not high;
4) the reliability, the systematicness of data accumulation and the scientificity of data processing of the overvoltage monitoring system of the transformer substation are relatively deficient, the actually measured data of transient voltage of the transformer substation (or a converter station) is still insufficient, and the bottleneck restricts the fault analysis and fault discrimination work of a power system.
On the other hand, the insulation level of an electrical device is largely represented by the test voltage value of the device under certain overvoltage waveforms. According to the regulations in China, for a transformer substation, for a system of 220kV or below, the insulation level of electrical equipment is mainly determined by lightning overvoltage; for ultra-high voltage systems with voltage levels of 330kV and above, operating overvoltage becomes a major contradiction. At present, overvoltage (including lightning and operation) tests under standard waveforms are generally adopted as important basis for measuring the insulation level of electrical equipment, and insulation matching is also carried out on the basis of the test results. Through monitoring the transformer substation, the lightning of the power grid and the overvoltage of operation for a long time, the actual overvoltage statistical law of the power grid operation is obtained, further, insulation tests and mechanisms are developed in a targeted mode, revolutionary influence is brought to insulation matching, the economy of the power grid is improved on the premise of ensuring safety, and a large amount of investment cost is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-contact broadband overvoltage on-line monitoring device which is convenient to use, wide in use scene, passive in device and capable of achieving effective electromagnetic compatibility and electrical isolation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a non-contact broadband overvoltage online monitoring device comprises a monitoring system and a monitoring device, wherein the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data communication module, a data storage management module and a self-powered module;
the data acquisition module is in signal connection with the data storage management module, acquires signals, digitizes the signals, judges whether triggering is needed or not in a circuit mode, and transmits the signals to the data storage management module for data storage;
the data communication module is in signal connection with the data acquisition module, the data storage management module and the self-powered module respectively and is used for transmitting and conveying signals;
the data storage management module manages, extracts and stores data in the database;
the self-powered module; and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the monitoring system.
Furthermore, the data acquisition module adopts an electric field sensor, and an acquisition card acquires signals and transmits the signals to an FPGA chip and a buffer device which are integrated by the system.
Furthermore, the data communication module is one or more of GPRS, Zigbee, Bluetooth, WIFI, LoRa and LTE-M/NB-IOT wireless transmission technologies.
Further, the monitoring device comprises a light source, an electric field sensor, a signal sending device and a signal receiving device.
Further, the monitoring device is subjected to electromagnetic compatibility testing before installation.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic compatibility test is carried out before the monitoring device is installed, and standard test methods are given by national electromagnetic compatibility standards such as GB/T17626.4-1998, GB/T17626.5-1998, GB/T17626.6-1998, GB/T17626.11-1998 and the like, so that the electromagnetic compatibility test of the transient voltage monitoring device can be guided.
Furthermore, a shielding shell is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring device.
Furthermore, the method for improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the system can be measures of shell shielding, power supply filtering and surge protection.
Furthermore, the data method adopted by the monitoring system is a multi-conductor decoupling method and a fault positioning and identifying technology based on transient characteristic information.
Furthermore, the self-powered module adopts a built-in power supply.
Furthermore, the electric field sensor comprises an acquisition card, a chip and a cache device, and the acquisition card, the chip and the cache device are connected through a wire.
Further, electric field sensor still includes the set casing, be equipped with cell body one and cell body two in the set casing, cell body one edge is equipped with the fixture block, cell body one through the fixture block with collection card and buffer memory device joint, cell body two with the chip joint.
Furthermore, the existing historical data is fully mined by monitoring the transient voltage and current parameters of the power grid based on the advanced sensing technology and adopting a theory combined data analysis method, the characteristics and the evaluation method of the system faults utilize the characteristics that the system can generate power frequency and high-frequency signals with different frequency spectrum characteristics before and after the faults under the condition of various faults with different reasons, the identification of the fault types is carried out based on the characteristic difference of the high-frequency signals after the faults of the power grid lines, the real-time early warning based on the electromagnetic process analysis is realized, the information of line fault precursors is obtained from a large amount of operation monitoring state data, the characteristic difference of the traveling wave of the power grid during various faults is compared and analyzed, the power grid faults are effectively identified, and the fault positioning is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention provides a non-contact broadband overvoltage on-line monitoring device, which is supposed to combine the advantages of an electric field reduction method and an optical measurement means. For the broadband transient voltage of the monitored power system, the generated electric field can be regarded as a quasi-static field, and the field intensity of a certain point is in direct proportion to the overvoltage amplitude. On the other hand, the power frequency voltage of the system also generates an electric field. And obtaining the overvoltage multiple by utilizing the proportional relation between the power frequency electric field and the overvoltage transient electric field. Therefore, only the electric field sensor is used for measuring the time domain electric field at a fixed position in the space, and the time domain waveform of the overvoltage can be obtained by means of back-stepping.
2. The invention adopts an integrated optical electric field sensor to replace a discrete BGO crystal electric field sensor. Integrated optical electric field sensors have a series of advantages: passive devices, which do not require the application of bias voltages; the crystal material belongs to a dielectric medium, and has small interference to an original field; the modulation of the optical signal has the characteristics of wide frequency band and quick dynamic response; the transmission of optical signals enables efficient electromagnetic compatibility and electrical isolation. The time domain waveform measurement of the space electric field under the action of power frequency, lightning and different operating voltages is carried out by utilizing the integrated optical electric field sensor.
3. The power frequency voltage is directly applied to the simulation lead, the lightning impulse voltage acts on the simulation lead through the spherical gap, the voltage on the simulation lead is measured by adopting the standard resistance voltage divider, the integrated optical electric field sensor is placed below the simulation lead, the space electric field around the simulation lead is measured, the relative error of the measurement result of the electric field sensor is only 3 percent as shown in the graph of 3-4, and the feasibility of the electric field reduction method is verified by comparing the output of the electric field sensor with the output of the resistance voltage divider.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a device connection diagram of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change with time of the output operation overvoltage of the electric field sensor of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of standard voltage divider output operating overvoltage versus time;
FIG. 5 is an external structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the monitoring device of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the electric field sensor structure of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a monitoring device-1, a light source-2, an acquisition card-3, an electric field sensor-4, a signal sending device-5, a signal receiving device-6, a shielding shell-7, a chip-8, a cache device-9, a built-in power supply-10, a fixed shell-11, a first tank body-12, a second tank body-13 and a clamping block-14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.
Furthermore, the terms "long", "short", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have the specific orientations, be configured to operate in the specific orientations, and thus are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4:
example 1: a non-contact broadband overvoltage on-line monitoring device comprises a monitoring system and a monitoring device 1, wherein the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data communication module, a data storage management module and a self-powered module;
and the data acquisition module is in signal connection with the data storage management module, acquires signals, digitizes the signals, judges whether triggering is needed or not in a circuit mode, and transmits the signals to the data storage management module for data storage.
The data communication module is in signal connection with the data acquisition module, the data storage management module and the self-powered module respectively and is used for transmitting and transmitting signals;
the data storage management module is used for managing, extracting and storing data in the database;
a self-powered module; the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the monitoring system;
the monitoring device 1 mainly comprises a light source 2, a receiver, a collecting card 3, a communication module and the like;
the method is to combine the advantages of the electric field reduction method and the optical measurement means. For the broadband transient voltage of the monitored power system, the generated electric field can be regarded as a quasi-static field, and the field intensity of a certain point is in direct proportion to the overvoltage amplitude. On the other hand, the power frequency voltage of the system also generates an electric field. And obtaining the overvoltage multiple by utilizing the proportional relation between the power frequency electric field and the overvoltage transient electric field. Therefore, only the electric field sensor 4 is needed to measure the time domain electric field at a fixed position in space, and the time domain waveform of the overvoltage can be obtained by means of back-stepping.
The data acquisition module adopts an electric field sensor 4, a high-speed acquisition card 3 acquires signals, the signals are transmitted to a system integrated high-speed FPGA chip 8, then the signals are transmitted to a cache module, the electric field sensor 4 comprises an acquisition card 3, a chip 8 and a cache device 9, the acquisition card 3, the chip 8 and the cache device 9 are connected through a lead, the electric field sensor 4 further comprises a fixed shell 11, a first groove body 12 and a second groove body 13 are arranged in the fixed shell 11, a clamping block 14 is arranged at the edge of the first groove body 12, the first groove body 12 is connected with the acquisition card 3 and the cache device 9 in a clamping mode through the clamping block 14, the second groove body 13 is connected with the chip 8 in a clamping mode, and the integrated optical electric field sensor. The integrated optical electric field sensor 4 has a series of advantages: passive devices, which do not require the application of bias voltages; the crystal material belongs to a dielectric medium, and has small interference to an original field; the modulation of the optical signal has the characteristics of wide frequency band and quick dynamic response; the transmission of optical signals enables efficient electromagnetic compatibility and electrical isolation. The integrated optical electric field sensor 4 is used for measuring the time domain waveform of the space electric field under the action of power frequency, thunder and lightning and different operating voltages.
The data communication module is one or more of GPRS, Zigbee, Bluetooth, WIFI, LoRa and LTE-M/NB-IOT wireless transmission technologies.
The monitoring device 1 comprises a light source 2, a receiver, an acquisition card 3, a signal sending device 5 and a signal receiving device 6, and a self-powered module adopts an internal power supply 10.
Electromagnetic compatibility tests are carried out before the monitoring device 1 is installed, and standard test methods are provided by national standards of electromagnetic compatibility such as GB/T17626.4-1998, GB/T17626.5-1998, GB/T17626.6-1998, GB/T17626.11-1998 and the like, and can guide the electromagnetic compatibility tests of the transient voltage monitoring device 1.
The outer end of the monitoring device 1 is provided with a shielding shell 7, and the method for improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the system can be measures of shell shielding, power supply filtering and surge protection.
The data method adopted by the monitoring system is a multi-conductor decoupling method and a fault location and identification technology based on transient characteristic information, power frequency voltage is directly applied to an analog lead, lightning impulse voltage acts on the analog lead through a spherical gap, the voltage on the analog lead is measured by adopting a standard resistance voltage divider, an integrated optical electric field sensor 4 is placed below the analog lead, a space electric field around the analog lead is measured, the relative error of the measurement result of the electric field sensor 4 is only 3% as shown in figures 3-4, and the feasibility of an electric field reduction method is verified by comparing the output of the electric field sensor 4 with the output of the resistance voltage divider.
The method comprises the steps of monitoring transient voltage and current parameters of the power grid based on an advanced sensing technology, fully mining the existing historical data by adopting a theory combined data analysis method, fully mining the characteristics and the evaluation method of system faults, carrying out identification on fault types based on the characteristic difference of high-frequency signals after the power grid line faults by utilizing the characteristics that the system can generate power frequency and high-frequency signals with different frequency spectrum characteristics before and after the faults under the condition of various faults with different reasons, realizing real-time early warning based on electromagnetic process analysis, obtaining the information of line fault precursors from a large amount of operation monitoring state data, comparing and analyzing the characteristic difference of power grid traveling waves during various faults, effectively identifying the power grid faults and realizing fault positioning.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same elements or features may also vary in many respects. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and will fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, such as examples of specific parts, devices, and methods, in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In certain example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises" and "comprising" are intended to be inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed and illustrated, unless explicitly indicated as an order of performance. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.
When an element or layer is referred to as being "on" … … "," engaged with "… …", "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, engaged with, connected to or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may also be present. In contrast, when an element or layer is referred to as being "directly on … …," "directly engaged with … …," "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship of elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., "between … …" and "directly between … …", "adjacent" and "directly adjacent", etc.). As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region or section from another element, component, region or section. Unless clearly indicated by the context, use of terms such as the terms "first," "second," and other numerical values herein does not imply a sequence or order. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as "inner," "outer," "below," "… …," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe a relationship between one element or feature and one or more other elements or features as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the example term "below … …" can encompass both an orientation of facing upward and downward. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted.
Claims (10)
1. A non-contact broadband overvoltage on-line monitoring device is characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises a monitoring system and a monitoring device (1), wherein the monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a data communication module, a data storage management module and a self-powered module;
the data acquisition module is in signal connection with the data storage management module, acquires signals, digitizes the signals, judges whether triggering is needed or not in a circuit mode, and transmits the signals to the data storage management module for data storage;
the data communication module is in signal connection with the data acquisition module, the data storage management module and the self-powered module respectively and is used for transmitting and conveying signals;
the data storage management module manages, extracts and stores data in the database;
the self-powered module; and the power supply unit is used for supplying power to the monitoring system.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the data acquisition module adopts an electric field sensor (4), an acquisition card (3) acquires signals, and the signals are transmitted to an FPGA chip (8) and a buffer device (9) which are integrated by the system.
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the data communication module is one or more of GPRS, Zigbee, Bluetooth, WIFI, LoRa and LTE-M/NB-IOT wireless transmission technologies.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the monitoring device (1) comprises a light source (2), an electric field sensor (4), a signal sending device (5) and a signal receiving device (6).
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the device comprises: the monitoring device (1) is used for performing electromagnetic compatibility testing before installation.
6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the device comprises: and a shielding shell (7) is arranged at the outer end of the monitoring device (1).
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the data method adopted by the monitoring system is a multi-conductor decoupling method and a fault positioning and identifying technology based on transient characteristic information.
8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the self-powered module adopts a built-in power supply (10).
9. The device according to claim 2, wherein the device comprises: the electric field sensor (4) comprises an acquisition card (3), a chip (8) and a buffer device (9), wherein the acquisition card (7), the chip (8) and the buffer device (9) are connected through wires.
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the device comprises: electric field sensor (4) still include set casing (11), be equipped with cell body one (12) and cell body two (13) in set casing (11), cell body one (12) edge is equipped with fixture block (14), cell body one (12) through fixture block (14) with collection card (3) and buffer (9) joint, cell body two (13) with chip (8) joint.
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| CN113960355B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2024-05-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Broadband voltage monitoring device based on non-contact sensor |
| CN113985101A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-01-28 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Non-contact broadband voltage monitoring system |
| CN114295157A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-08 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Mountain fire hidden danger early warning method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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