CN112525644B - Prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN112525644B
CN112525644B CN202011527165.6A CN202011527165A CN112525644B CN 112525644 B CN112525644 B CN 112525644B CN 202011527165 A CN202011527165 A CN 202011527165A CN 112525644 B CN112525644 B CN 112525644B
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copper alloy
polyurethane
lath
loading plate
polyimide film
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CN112525644A (en
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姚东
沈妍
张�杰
辛丽伟
刘冲
尹飞
汪韬
田进寿
张宇驰
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tensile pull-off test piece of a bonding structure, in particular to a manufacturing method of a tensile pull-off test piece of a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the specific structural form of a tensile pull-off test piece is not provided for a copper alloy and polyurethane bonding structure and a better solution is not provided for a prefabricated crack at a bonding interface of the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the prior art, and provides a manufacturing method of the tensile pull-off test piece of the prefabricated crack copper alloy and polyurethane bonding structure. After the polyimide film is bonded to the local area of the copper alloy lath, the polyurethane lath is bonded to the surface of the copper alloy lath bonded polyimide film, and the upper loading plate and the lower loading plate are bonded to the exposed surfaces of the polyurethane lath and the copper alloy lath respectively, so that the copper alloy polyurethane bonded structure containing the prefabricated cracks is prepared and is stretched to pull the test piece. Polyimide films were bonded to localized areas of the copper alloy strip to simulate pre-cracks.

Description

Prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tensile pull-off test piece of a bonding structure, in particular to a tensile pull-off test piece of a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The bonding structure is formed by two different materials through mechanisms such as chemical bonding, physical permeation and the like, can simultaneously realize the functions of bearing, sealing, heat protection and the like in the field of engineering structures, and is widely applied to industries such as space shuttles, modern buildings, oil pipelines, electronic chips and the like.
For bonded structures used in space equipment, such as copper alloy seals/protective coatings, lead frames/packaging materials for electronic chips, and the like, the discontinuous nature of their geometric configuration and the highly discontinuous nature of their physical properties often result in significant process stresses and stress concentrations during service. Testing the bearing performance of the bonded structure is a basic requirement for analyzing the integrity of the bonded structure and avoiding the functional failure or the fault of the system.
Under laboratory conditions, two methods of structure sampling and manufacturing characterization test pieces are generally adopted for obtaining loading test objects. The structure sampling is usually intercepted from the target structure according to a specified position and a specified shape by adopting a mechanical cutting or laser cutting mode, certain additional damage exists, the test result is easy to interfere, and the size of the target structure is required to be large enough. And the manufacture of the characterization test piece does not damage a research object and introduce additional interference, and is a mode with more applications.
In consideration of the modulus difference and the expected loading stress state of two materials forming the bonding structure, the shear loading is generally carried out by adopting the test piece configuration such as lapping, and the pull-off loading is carried out by selecting the test piece with a double-side column, a square column or a double-side cantilever beam. The following are technical solutions of several common test pieces when performing a tear-off load test on a bonded structure.
GB11211-2009 "determination of adhesion strength between vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber and metal" recommends that a double-sided cylindrical standard test piece with a diameter of 35mm to 40mm is subjected to tear-off loading, and the molding mode is that the rubber sheet and the metal structure are hot-pressed and molded in a mold. The standard is only suitable for bonding vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber and metal, cannot be applied to other bonding forming modes such as normal-temperature curing and the like, and does not provide a solution for crack prefabrication under the requirement of a fracture test.
GB/T9779-2015 double-layer building coating specifies that a double-side square-column test piece configuration is adopted for the tearing-off loading of the coating and metal, and introduces a concave buckle loading head scheme for the problems of loading deviation and the like. The standard is suitable for coating forming modes such as spraying and brushing, but no solution is provided for crack prefabrication under the requirement of fracture test.
In the domestic solid rocket engine industry, a rectangular combined bonding test piece for checking the bonding performance of a shell, a heat insulating layer, a lining and a grain is formed by combining the mechanical property and the forming process of a bonding material, and an interface crack prefabricating method (aerospace standard QJ2038.1A-2004) is specified. The technical standard is based on the energetic property of the solid propellant and the casting and curing molding mode thereof, the structural form and the load characteristic of a target object are relatively special, the process scheme specificity of crack prefabrication is relatively strong, the structural operation is complex, and the universality is not realized.
In other technical fields, the production of bonded test pieces is generally referred to ASTM-D3433 Standard test for breaking Strength of adhesive in bonded joints, which specifies the form of a pull-off type test piece having a single-sided pre-crack, and which is described in terms of the size of the loading plate, the length of the pre-crack, and the like. The standard belongs to a general guidance technical document, and has the defects that the technical details of the prefabricated cracks under different adhesive conditions are not clear, a large amount of groping tests are required in actual operation, and the direct implementation is difficult.
Aiming at the structural adaptability research of a large airborne rocket, the (T700/epoxy)/ethylene propylene diene monomer interface is extracted from a lifting lug structure of the American 'flying horse seat' airborne solid rocket as a background, and a characterization test piece is designed in a targeted manner: taking the stress state of the bait structure under the typical load of the 'flying horse seat' air-launched solid rocket as a target, carrying out multiple rounds of finite element analysis on the basis of ASTM-D3433, and preferably determining the critical dimensions such as the width of a test piece and the like; the method provides a measure for placing the tetrafluoroethylene film before hot pressing aiming at the damage evolution test requirement of the bonding structure, particularly the interface of the two materials. From the viewpoint of the molding effect, there is a disadvantage that the fluctuation of the crack position and the shape of the crack front is large.
In summary, the prior art does not provide a specific structural form of a tensile pull-off test piece for a bonding structure of copper alloy and polyurethane, and does not provide a better solution for a prefabricated crack at a bonding interface of copper alloy and polyurethane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a specific structural form of a tensile pull-off test piece is not provided for a copper alloy and polyurethane bonding structure, and a better solution is not provided for a prefabricated crack at a bonding interface of the copper alloy and the polyurethane, and provides a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and a manufacturing method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece, which is characterized in that:
the device comprises an upper loading plate, a lower loading plate, a copper alloy lath, a polyurethane lath and a polyimide film;
the lengths and the widths of the upper loading plate, the lower loading plate, the copper alloy strip and the polyurethane strip are equal;
the length of the polyimide film is smaller than that of the copper alloy lath, the polyimide film is bonded in a region at one end between the upper surface of the copper alloy lath and the lower surface of the polyurethane lath along the length direction, and the lower surface of the polyurethane lath is bonded with the rest part of the upper surface of the copper alloy lath;
the lower surface of the upper loading plate is bonded with the upper surface of the polyurethane lath, and the upper surface of the lower loading plate is bonded with the lower surface of the copper alloy lath;
and clamping pieces are arranged at corresponding positions of the upper surface of the upper loading plate and the lower surface of the lower loading plate.
Further, the adhesive used for all bonding was the same as the adhesive between the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure to be tested.
Further, the dimensions of the upper loading plate, the lower loading plate, the copper alloy lath and the polyurethane lath are (355 +/-0.5) mm x (50 +/-0.1) mm; the polyimide film had dimensions of (56. + -. 0.5) mm X (106. + -. 0.5) mm X0.1 mm.
The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) respectively processing an upper loading plate, a lower loading plate and a copper alloy strip, fixedly connecting clamping pieces at the same positions of the surfaces of the upper loading plate and the lower loading plate, wherein the clamping pieces are used for being connected with a loading tool or a clamp of a testing machine; preparing a polyurethane batten and preparing a polyimide film; the lengths and the widths of the upper loading plate, the lower loading plate, the copper alloy lath and the polyurethane lath are equal, and the width of the polyimide film is greater than that of the copper alloy lath;
2) marking a scribing line on the surface of one side of the copper alloy lath at a preset position away from the end part of the short side, and dividing the copper alloy lath into an area A and an area B;
3) coating an adhesive on the surface of one side of the polyimide film, paving and adhering the polyimide film on an area A of the copper alloy lath, enabling the edge of the polyimide film to exceed the area A, scraping bubbles, removing the part of the polyimide film exceeding the scribing line, and bending and adhering the rest part exceeding the edge of the copper alloy lath on the surface of the other side of the copper alloy lath;
4) bonding a polyurethane batten on the surface of one side of the copper alloy batten with the scribing line;
5) and respectively bonding the upper loading plate and the lower loading plate on the exposed surfaces of the polyurethane lath and the copper alloy lath to finish the manufacture.
Further, the adhesive in the step 3) and the adhesives used in all the bonding operations in the steps 4) and 5) are the same as the adhesives used between the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure to be tested.
Further, in the step 1), the sizes of the upper loading plate, the lower loading plate, the copper alloy lath and the polyurethane lath are (355 +/-0.5) mm multiplied by (50 +/-0.1) mm; the polyimide film had dimensions of (56. + -. 0.5) mm X (106. + -. 0.5) mm X0.1 mm.
Further, in the step 2), the scribing line is away from the short side (100 +/-0.1) mm of the copper alloy strip, and the thickness of the scribing line is 0.1 mm.
Further, in the step 1), the austenitic stainless steel 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N is adopted as the upper loading plate and the lower loading plate.
Further, in step 1), the polyurethane strip is prepared according to GB/T20219-2015.
Further, in step 3), the adhesive is epoxy glue.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and a manufacturing method thereof.
2. The polyimide film is bonded in a local area of the copper alloy lath, the copper alloy lath is isolated from the polyurethane lath in the local area to simulate the prefabricated crack of the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure, and the polyimide film bonding position is set according to the precision requirements of different fracture toughness tests, damage degree tests and other refined tests on the prefabricated crack position, the front edge shape and the like of the bonding interface, so that the matched prefabricated crack is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure of the present invention, drawn and pulled away from a test piece;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure of the present invention pulled off a load plate on a test piece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a copper alloy lath bonded polyimide film with a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure stretched to pull away from a test piece according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-upper loading plate, 2-lower loading plate, 3-copper alloy lath, 4-clamping piece, 5-polyurethane lath and 6-polyimide film.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
A method for manufacturing a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece comprises the following steps:
1) respectively processing an upper loading plate 1, a lower loading plate 2 and a copper alloy strip 3 shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein the material grade and the processing technological parameters are executed according to the technical requirements of a representation object, clamping pieces 4 are fixedly connected to the same positions of the surfaces of the upper loading plate 1 and the lower loading plate 2, and the clamping pieces 4 are used for being connected with a loading tool or a clamp of a testing machine to play roles of fixing positions and transferring loads; according to the technical requirements for characterizing the object (for example according to GB/T20219-2015), preparing a polyurethane slab 5, and intercepting the slab by using a polyimide adhesive tape with the thickness of 0.1mm and the width of not less than 60mm on the market to prepare a polyimide film 6; the dimensions of the upper loading plate 1, the lower loading plate 2, the copper alloy lath 3 and the polyurethane lath 5 are (355 +/-0.5) mm x (50 +/-0.1) mm, the width of the polyimide film 6 is larger than that of the copper alloy lath 3, and the dimensions are (56 +/-0.5) mm x (106 +/-0.5) mm x 0.1 mm;
2) adopting a scribing line with the thickness of 0.1mm to manufacture a scribing line with the thickness of 0.1mm from the end part (100 +/-0.1) mm of the short side of the surface of one side of the copper alloy lath 3, and dividing the copper alloy lath 3 into an area A and an area B;
3) after coating an adhesive on one side surface of the polyimide film 6, as shown in fig. 3, paving and adhering the polyimide film 6 on an area a of the copper alloy lath 3, enabling the edge of the polyimide film 6 to exceed the area a, scraping bubbles by using tools such as a scraper and the like, scribing and removing the part of the polyimide film 6 exceeding the scribing line by using a blade, bending the rest part exceeding the edge of the copper alloy lath 3 and adhering the bent part on the other side surface of the copper alloy lath 3 so as to form a prefabricated crack with controllable position and front edge shape accuracy by using the polyimide film 6;
4) adhering a polyurethane batten 5 (coated and solidified) on the surface of the copper alloy batten 3 with the side provided with the scribing line;
5) and respectively bonding the inner sides of the upper loading plate 1 and the lower loading plate 2 to the exposed surfaces of the polyurethane lath 5 and the copper alloy lath (3) to finish the manufacture.
Wherein, the adhesive in the step 3) and the adhesives used in all the bonding operations in the steps 4) and 5) are the same as the adhesive between the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure to be tested, such as epoxy glue.
The operations of cutting off the polyimide film 6 (adhesive tape), scribing by the scribing pen, removing bubbles by the scraper, scribing by the blade, bending and sticking and the like belong to the common general knowledge in the industry, and the technical state inspection, surface cleaning and the like related to each link of bonding preparation after the mechanical processing are carried out according to the technical requirements of the general technical specification and the representation object.
The sealing structure adopts H70 brass as a main structure, and the outer surface is sprayed with rigid polyurethane (GB/T20219-2015) for heat insulation protection. In order to determine the damage characteristic of the H70 brass/hard polyurethane bonding structure under the heating-cooling circulation working condition, the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure containing the pre-crack is prepared and is stretched to be pulled away from a test piece for subsequent damage testing.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to modify the specific technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or to substitute part of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions protected by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a tensile tear test piece of prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure which characterized in that:
the device comprises an upper loading plate (1), a lower loading plate (2), a copper alloy lath (3), a polyurethane lath (5) and a polyimide film (6);
the lengths and the widths of the upper loading plate (1), the lower loading plate (2), the copper alloy lath (3) and the polyurethane lath (5) are equal;
the length of the polyimide film (6) is smaller than that of the copper alloy lath (3), the polyimide film is bonded to a region at one end between the upper surface of the copper alloy lath (3) and the lower surface of the polyurethane lath (5) along the length direction, and the lower surface of the polyurethane lath (5) is bonded to the rest part of the upper surface of the copper alloy lath (3);
the lower surface of the upper loading plate (1) is bonded with the upper surface of the polyurethane lath (5), and the upper surface of the lower loading plate (2) is bonded with the lower surface of the copper alloy lath (3);
clamping pieces (4) are arranged on the corresponding positions of the upper surface of the upper loading plate (1) and the lower surface of the lower loading plate (2);
the width of the polyimide film (6) is larger than that of the copper alloy lath (3).
2. The pre-crack copper alloy polyurethane bond structure tensile tear test specimen of claim 1, wherein:
the binder used for all bonds was the same as the binder between the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the copper alloy polyurethane bond structure to be tested.
3. The pre-crack copper alloy polyurethane bond structure tensile tear test specimen of claim 2, wherein:
the sizes of the upper loading plate (1), the lower loading plate (2), the copper alloy lath (3) and the polyurethane lath (5) are (355 +/-0.5) mm multiplied by (50 +/-0.1) mm; the polyimide film (6) has dimensions of (56. + -. 0.5) mm X (106. + -. 0.5) mm X0.1 mm.
4. A method for manufacturing a prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) respectively processing an upper loading plate (1), a lower loading plate (2) and a copper alloy lath (3), fixedly connecting clamping pieces (4) at the same positions of the surfaces of the upper loading plate (1) and the lower loading plate (2), wherein the clamping pieces (4) are used for being connected with a loading tool or a clamp of a testing machine; preparing a polyurethane batten (5) and preparing a polyimide film (6); the lengths and the widths of the upper loading plate (1), the lower loading plate (2), the copper alloy lath (3) and the polyurethane lath (5) are equal, and the width of the polyimide film (6) is greater than the width of the copper alloy lath (3);
2) scribing a scribing line at a preset position away from the end part of the short side on the surface of one side of the copper alloy lath (3) to divide the copper alloy lath (3) into an area A and an area B;
3) coating an adhesive on the surface of one side of the polyimide film (6), paving and adhering the polyimide film to an area A of the copper alloy lath (3), enabling the edge of the polyimide film (6) to exceed the area A, scraping bubbles, removing the part of the polyimide film (6) exceeding the scribing line, bending the rest part of the polyimide film (6) exceeding the edge of the copper alloy lath (3) and adhering the other part of the polyimide film (6) to the other side surface of the copper alloy lath (3) so as to form a prefabricated crack with controllable position and front edge shape precision by using the polyimide film (6);
4) bonding a polyurethane batten (5) on the surface of one side, provided with the scribing line, of the copper alloy batten (3);
5) and respectively bonding the upper loading plate (1) and the lower loading plate (2) on the exposed surfaces of the polyurethane lath (5) and the copper alloy lath (3) to finish the manufacture.
5. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
the adhesive in the step 3) and the adhesives used in all the bonding operations in the steps 4) and 5) are the same as the adhesive between the copper alloy and the polyurethane in the copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure to be tested.
6. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
in the step 1), the sizes of the upper loading plate (1), the lower loading plate (2), the copper alloy lath (3) and the polyurethane lath (5) are (355 +/-0.5) mm x (50 +/-0.1) mm; the polyimide film (6) has dimensions of (56. + -. 0.5) mm X (106. + -. 0.5) mm X0.1 mm.
7. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
in the step 2), the distance between the scribing line and the short side (100 +/-0.1) mm of the copper alloy lath (3) is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the scribing line is 0.1 mm.
8. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to any one of claims 4 to 7, is characterized in that:
in the step 1), the upper loading plate (1) and the lower loading plate (2) are both made of austenitic stainless steel 12Cr17Mn6Ni 5N.
9. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
in the step 1), the polyurethane batten (5) is prepared according to GB/T20219-2015.
10. The method for manufacturing the prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
in the step 3), the adhesive is epoxy glue.
CN202011527165.6A 2020-12-22 2020-12-22 Prefabricated crack copper alloy polyurethane bonding structure tensile pull-off test piece and manufacturing method thereof Active CN112525644B (en)

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