CN112525398A - Drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting - Google Patents

Drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting Download PDF

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CN112525398A
CN112525398A CN202011184660.1A CN202011184660A CN112525398A CN 112525398 A CN112525398 A CN 112525398A CN 202011184660 A CN202011184660 A CN 202011184660A CN 112525398 A CN112525398 A CN 112525398A
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strain
fitting
angle
residual stress
stress
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潘进
丁文红
孙力
刘天武
马成
姚纪坛
赵楠
刘需
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HBIS Co Ltd
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HBIS Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0004—Force transducers adapted for mounting in a bore of the force receiving structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting, and belongs to the technical field of metal material detection methods. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: measuring the strain of 4 or more different angles around the position of the drill hole by adopting a strain gauge; inputting the measured data and the corresponding angle into origin software to draw an angle (theta) -strain (epsilon) scatter diagram, and performing function fitting on the scatter diagram; according to the fitting values of the three parameters, the characteristic value of the residual stress at the point of change
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And (6) performing calculation. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can effectively avoid the great influence of the measurement error in the individual direction on the final result, can provide the error level, and greatly improves the reliability of the residual stress detection result.

Description

Drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting, and belongs to the technical field of metal material detection methods.
Background
The borehole strain method is a commonly used residual stress detection method at present, and a mature detection and calculation method is formed at present. However, in the current standard, the drilling method includes acquiring strain values in 3 directions of 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° and calculating residual stress characteristic values at the point according to strain data in the three directions by using a formula, wherein the residual stress characteristic values include the directions of maximum and minimum principal stresses and the direction of maximum principal stress. The method is convenient and fast, but the measuring directions are few, so that the measuring error pair in any of the 3 measuring directions can influence the whole result. And the result of the formula calculation is 3 determined values, the error in the measurement cannot be evaluated, and the result reliability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting, which adopts measurement in 4 or more directions to replace measurement in 3 existing directions, and adopts a function fitting method for measurement results to replace a formula method to calculate the residual stress, thereby avoiding that wrong numerical values obtained due to equipment and operation problems are used as correct numerical values, effectively avoiding that individual direction measurement errors have great influence on final results, simultaneously giving error levels, greatly improving the reliability of residual stress detection results, and effectively solving the problems existing in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring the strain of 4 or more different angles around the position of a drilling hole by using a strain gauge, wherein the difference between the different angles cannot be 180 degrees, and the measurement of other angles is positive in a counterclockwise direction after marking the reference direction of 0 degree;
(2) inputting the measured data and the corresponding angle into origin software to draw an angle (theta) -strain (epsilon) scatter diagram, and performing function fitting on the scatter diagram, wherein the fitting function is in the form of
Figure BDA0002751081010000021
In the formula, theta is an angle, epsilon is strain, theta variables are all brought into the formula by an angle system value, E is the elastic modulus of the material, nu is the Poisson ratio,
Figure BDA0002751081010000022
the calibration constant is the isotropic stress, and the calibration constant is the isotropic stress,
Figure BDA0002751081010000023
calibrating a constant for the shear stress; p, Q, T is an unknown variable, and optimal fitting values and error levels of P, Q, T three parameters are obtained after multiple iterative fitting;
(3) according to fitting values of A, B, C three parameters, the characteristic value sigma of the residual stress at the changed pointx、σy、τxyCalculating according to the formula of sigmax＝P+Q，σy＝P-Q；
τxyσ is also obtained from the error level of P, Q, T and the corresponding equationx、σy、τxyMeasurement error of three variables.
The maximum and minimum principal stress and the direction of the maximum principal stress can be calculated according to the formula
Figure BDA0002751081010000024
The direction of maximum principal stress is 0 DEG clockwise rotation beta angle, wherein
Figure BDA0002751081010000025
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the measurement in 4 directions or more is adopted to replace the measurement in the current 3 directions, and the function fitting method of the measurement result is adopted to replace the formula method to calculate the residual stress, so that the problem that the error value obtained due to equipment and operation problems is used as the correct value is avoided, the great influence of the individual direction measurement error on the final result can be effectively avoided, the error level can be given, and the reliability of the residual stress detection result is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional fitting graph of stress detection results in different directions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a small part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring the strain of 4 or more different angles around the position of a drilling hole by using a strain gauge, wherein the difference between the different angles cannot be 180 degrees, and the measurement of other angles is positive in a counterclockwise direction after marking the reference direction of 0 degree;
(2) inputting the measured data and the corresponding angle into origin software to draw an angle (theta) -strain (epsilon) scatter diagram, and performing function fitting on the scatter diagram, wherein the fitting function is in the form of
Figure BDA0002751081010000031
In the formula, theta is an angle, epsilon is strain, theta variables are all brought into the formula by an angle system value, E is the elastic modulus of the material, nu is the Poisson ratio,
Figure BDA0002751081010000032
the calibration constant is the isotropic stress, and the calibration constant is the isotropic stress,
Figure BDA0002751081010000033
calibrating a constant for the shear stress; p, Q, T is an unknown variable, and optimal fitting values and error levels of P, Q, T three parameters are obtained after multiple iterative fitting;
(3) according to fitting values of A, B, C three parameters, the characteristic value sigma of the residual stress at the changed pointx、σy、τxyCalculating according to the formula of sigmax＝P+Q，σy＝P-Q；
τxyσ is also obtained from the error level of P, Q, T and the corresponding equationx、σy、τxyMeasurement error of three variables.
The maximum and minimum principal stress and the direction of the maximum principal stress can be calculated according to the formula of sigmamax,
Figure BDA0002751081010000041
The direction of maximum principal stress is 0 DEG clockwise rotation beta angle, wherein
Figure BDA0002751081010000042
Example (b):
the method for measuring the residual stress of the hot-rolled structural steel produced by a certain steel mill by a drilling method comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) the mark rolling direction is a 0-degree reference direction, the angle measurement is positive anticlockwise, strain measurement is respectively carried out on 5 directions of 0 degrees, 60 degrees, 120 degrees, 210 degrees and 270 degrees, drilling operation is carried out according to the relevant standard of the national standard GB/T31310-2014, and strain values in different directions are recorded, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Strain recording sheet for different angles
Angle/° degree 0 60 120 210 270
Strain of -6.14*10-5 52.73*10-5 6.29*10-5 27.13*10-5 44.29*10-5
(2) Inputting the measured data and the corresponding angle into origin software to draw an angle (theta) -strain (epsilon) scatter diagram, and performing function fitting on the scatter diagram, wherein the fitting function is in the form of
Figure BDA0002751081010000043
In the formula, theta is an angle, epsilon is strain, and theta variables are all taken into the formula by an angle system value. Determining parameters in the formula by referring to the data, wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material and is 206000MPa, v is the Poisson ratio and is 0.3,
Figure BDA0002751081010000044
taking the isotropic stress calibration constant of 0.145,
Figure BDA0002751081010000045
the shear stress calibration constant is taken to be 0.336. The final fitting function form determined by combining the reference data
Figure BDA0002751081010000046
Figure BDA0002751081010000047
P, Q, T is unknown variable, and after many times of iterative fitting, the best fitting value and error level of 3 parameters are obtained, as shown in figure 1. A P-fit value of 36.9 with an error level of 223.6, a Q-fit value of-119.7 with an error level of 27.4, and a T-fit value of 146.7 with an error level of 31.0 were obtained.
(3) Calculating residual stress by combining P, Q, T valuesx、σy、τxyThe calculation formula is respectively sigmax＝P+Q，σy＝P-Q；τxyWhen T, σ can be obtainedx＝103.9±64.3MPa，σy＝343.3±64.3MPa；τxy＝146.7±31.0MPa。
(4) Calculating the maximum and minimum principal stress and the direction of the maximum principal stress, wherein the formula is sigmamax,
Figure BDA0002751081010000051
Calculation of sigma by substituting numerical valuesmax＝412.6MPa，σmax34.6MPa, beta is-25.4 degrees, namely the direction of the maximum main stress is 0 degrees, and the direction is rotated counterclockwise by 25.4 degrees.

Claims (2)

1. A drilling method residual stress detection method based on function fitting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) measuring the strain of 4 or more different angles around the position of a drilling hole by using a strain gauge, wherein the difference between the different angles cannot be 180 degrees, and the measurement of other angles is positive in a counterclockwise direction after marking the reference direction of 0 degree;
(2) inputting the measured data and the corresponding angle into origin software to draw an angle (theta) -strain (epsilon) scatter diagram, and performing angle-strain (epsilon) -strain analysis on the measured data and the corresponding angleThe scatter diagram is subjected to function fitting in the form of fitting function
Figure FDA0002751080000000011
In the formula, theta is an angle, epsilon is strain, theta variables are all brought into the formula by an angle system value, E is the elastic modulus of the material, nu is the Poisson ratio,
Figure FDA0002751080000000012
the calibration constant is the isotropic stress, and the calibration constant is the isotropic stress,
Figure FDA0002751080000000013
calibrating a constant for the shear stress; p, Q, T is an unknown variable, and optimal fitting values and error levels of P, Q, T three parameters are obtained after multiple iterative fitting;
(3) according to fitting values of P, Q, T three parameters, the characteristic value sigma of the residual stress at the changed pointx、σy、τxyCalculating according to the formula of sigmax＝P+Q，σy＝P-Q；τxyσ is also obtained from the error level of P, Q, T and the corresponding equationx、σy、τxyMeasurement error of three variables.
2. The method for detecting the residual stress of the drilling method based on the function fitting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the maximum and minimum principal stress and the direction of the maximum principal stress can be calculated according to the formula
Figure FDA0002751080000000014
The direction of maximum principal stress is 0 DEG clockwise rotation beta angle, wherein
Figure FDA0002751080000000015
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1082192A (en) * 1993-05-04 1994-02-16 西安冶金建筑学院 The measuring method of thin plate unrelieved stress
CN103557971A (en) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-05 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 Measuring method of structural residual stress
CN110095213A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-06 南京工程学院 A kind of sheet workpiece residual stress test calculation method
JP2020046379A (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 Residual stress calculation method
CN111366281A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 河钢股份有限公司 Method for detecting accuracy of residual stress by XRD (X-ray diffraction) method and calculating shear stress

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1082192A (en) * 1993-05-04 1994-02-16 西安冶金建筑学院 The measuring method of thin plate unrelieved stress
CN103557971A (en) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-05 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 Measuring method of structural residual stress
JP2020046379A (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 ポリプラスチックス株式会社 Residual stress calculation method
CN110095213A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-06 南京工程学院 A kind of sheet workpiece residual stress test calculation method
CN111366281A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-03 河钢股份有限公司 Method for detecting accuracy of residual stress by XRD (X-ray diffraction) method and calculating shear stress

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
尹娜等: "《计算机在材料科学和工程中的应用》", 31 July 2011, 西苑出版社 *
李荣锋等: "《GBT31310-2014金属材料残余应力测定钻孔应变法》", 5 December 2014 *

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Application publication date: 20210319