CN112525151B - Full-automatic high-precision layering settlement meter and control method thereof - Google Patents
Full-automatic high-precision layering settlement meter and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112525151B CN112525151B CN202011567014.3A CN202011567014A CN112525151B CN 112525151 B CN112525151 B CN 112525151B CN 202011567014 A CN202011567014 A CN 202011567014A CN 112525151 B CN112525151 B CN 112525151B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic high-precision layered settlement meter and a control method thereof, wherein the layered settlement meter comprises a transmission device, a limiting device, a control circuit, a grating speed sensor, a grating measuring scale, a conductor probe, a settlement pipe and a magnetic settlement ring; the instantaneous speed of conductor probe transfer is measured in real time through grating speed sensor and grating measuring tape to and the moment of producing induced-current under the electromagnetic induction effect when real-time recording conductor probe passes through the magnetic settling ring, and the degree of depth that obtains each magnetic settling ring is calculated through control circuit automation, the position of magnetic settling ring is confirmed to the full automatization, make the position of measuring the magnetic settling ring more accurate, adopt grating speed sensor and grating measuring tape to measure the instantaneous speed of conductor probe transfer in addition, can reduce measuring error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering instrument monitoring, in particular to a full-automatic high-precision layering settlement meter and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, an electromagnetic layered settlement instrument is mainly adopted for monitoring the layered settlement, a settlement ring with magnetism is placed at a specific position on a settlement pipe through a drill hole according to the electromagnetic induction principle, when an electromagnetic probe passes through a magnetic ring, a monitor gives out acousto-optic alarm, and then the reading of a flexible rule is manually read. The monitoring instrument is convenient to use and suitable for various field environments, but a wire coil is not provided with a fixing device, at least two persons are generally required to operate the monitoring instrument, and one person puts one person down to record; because the size of the settlement probe is large, an alarm can be given for a certain time when the settlement probe approaches a magnetic ring, and the precision of the used flexible rule is low, so that the size of the read data is greatly influenced by artificial subjective judgment; meanwhile, the position information of each settling ring needs to be recorded in a paper table at first and then is arranged and input into a computer, so that the program is complicated and the timeliness is poor.
At present, the fully-automatic layered settlement meter provided by some units calculates the lowering depth by recording the rotating angle of the guide wheel, and errors occur because the guide wheel and the cable rope can slide relatively. For example, in the automatic inspection type layered settlement meter proposed in chinese patent publication No. CN103196421A, publication No. 2013.07.10, inspection is performed from top to bottom in a settlement pipe by driving a probe with a stepping motor, a settlement ring is provided outside the settlement pipe, when the probe detects the settlement ring, an electrical signal is sent out, and the angular displacement of the point is recorded to convert the angular displacement into the position of the settlement ring. A lifting device is arranged right above the measuring device and is a cylindrical reel. The thin cable is wound side by side when being paid out or recovered from the cylindrical reel, the circumference of the cylindrical reel needs to be fixed because the amount of settlement needs to be converted by a formula, and when the measurement depth is deep enough, the required cable length is also longer, and the guide wheel and the cable rope may also slide relatively, so that the measurement error is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter and a control method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defect of larger measurement error in the prior art, and the measurement error can be reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a full-automatic high-precision layered settlement meter in a first aspect, which comprises a transmission device, a limiting device, a control circuit, a grating speed sensor, a grating measuring ruler, a conductor probe, a settlement pipe and a magnetic settlement ring, wherein the transmission device is connected with the limiting device through a transmission line; wherein: the grating measuring ruler is connected with the transmission device, sinks into the settling pipe through the limiting device and is connected with the conductor probe; the limiting device is detachably arranged at the end part of the sedimentation pipe and is used for ensuring that the grating measuring tape passes through but the conductor probe cannot pass through, so that the conductor probe is lowered down from the same position each time; the magnetic settling ring is sleeved on the settling pipe; the control circuit is electrically connected with the transmission device and the conductor probe; the grating speed sensor is arranged on the limiting device and around the grating measuring ruler, and the output end of the grating speed sensor is electrically connected with the control circuit.
Among the above-mentioned scheme, measure the instantaneous speed that the conductor probe was transferred through grating speed sensor and grating measuring tape real-time, and the moment of producing induced-current under the electromagnetic induction effect when recording the conductor probe in real time and passing through the magnetic settling ring, then calculate the degree of depth that obtains each magnetic settling ring according to the instantaneous speed that the conductor probe was transferred and the moment of producing induced-current automatically through control circuit, thereby can the position of full automatization definite magnetic settling ring, make the position of measuring the magnetic settling ring more accurate, and can guarantee through stop device that the grating measuring tape passes through, and the conductor probe can not pass through, thereby can make the conductor probe all transfer from same position (stop device department) at every turn, further promote measurement accuracy.
Moreover, the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe descending is measured by the grating speed sensor and the grating measuring ruler, the rotating speed of the descending guide wheel is not required to be recorded, the descending depth is calculated, the technical defect that the measurement error is increased due to relative sliding between the guide wheel and a cable rope in the prior art is overcome, the measurement error can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved. Meanwhile, the conductor probe is smaller than an electromagnetic probe of a traditional layered settlement meter.
Furthermore, the limiting device comprises a box body, a limiting baffle and a limiting pipe section; the limiting baffle is fixedly arranged in the limiting pipe section, and the limiting pipe section is fixedly arranged below the box body and is inserted at the end part of the settling pipe; one side of the box body facing the transmission device is provided with an opening; the grating measuring ruler penetrates through the opening to enter the cavity of the box body, penetrates through a through hole formed in the limiting baffle and is fixedly connected with the conductor probe; the aperture of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the conductor probe; the grating speed sensor is arranged above the through hole of the limiting baffle.
In the above scheme, the limiting device is specifically limited to comprise the box body, the limiting baffle and the limiting pipe section, the limiting baffle is arranged in the cross section direction of the limiting pipe section, and the through hole is formed in the limiting baffle, so that the structure can be simplified while the measurement precision is further improved.
Furthermore, the limiting device further comprises a limiting pulley, wherein the limiting pulley is arranged in the box body and is wound by the grating measuring ruler for limiting the position stability of the grating measuring ruler, so that the grating measuring ruler can be kept in a tight state and can be better driven.
Further, the grating speed sensor comprises a photoelectric receiver and a laser transmitter; wherein:
the laser transmitter is used for transmitting laser to the grating measuring scale, and the photoelectric receiver is used for measuring a laser signal in the expansion process of the grating measuring scale; the output end of the photoelectric receiver is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit; the control end of the laser transmitter is electrically connected with the output end of the control circuit;
the telescopic path of the grating measuring scale is arranged between the photoelectric receiver and the laser transmitter.
In the above scheme, establish between photoelectric receiver, laser emitter through the flexible route with the grating scale, can measure the laser signal of the flexible in-process of grating scale more accurately, further improve the measuring accuracy.
Further, the grating measuring ruler is set to be black and transparent and alternately arranged at equal intervals. The grating measuring tape which is set to be black and transparent and is alternated at equal intervals is adopted, so that laser signals can be indirectly received, the stretching speed of the measuring tape can be more conveniently determined, and the measuring error is further reduced.
Further, the transmission device comprises a wire coil and a driving motor; wherein: the driving motor is used for driving the wire coil to rotate, and the driving motor can drive the wire coil to rotate forwards and backwards; the grating measuring ruler is arranged on the wire coil; and the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the control circuit.
In the above-mentioned scheme, rotate through driving motor drive drum, got rid of among the prior art the artifical technical defect that carries out the scale and transfer, can realize that automatic drive grating scale is flexible, further promotes measurement accuracy.
Further, the wire coil comprises a coil, a fixing bracket and a steel nail; wherein:
the fixing bracket is used for fixing the coil; the fixing bracket is provided with a mounting hole, and the steel nail fixes the fixing bracket through the mounting hole; the grating measuring scale is connected with a cable arranged on the coil.
In the above scheme, pass the mounting hole of fixed bolster through the steel nail, fix the coil and then fixed drum, broken away from among the prior art technical defect that the drum does not have fixing device, need not the manual work and operate holding the drum, can further promote measurement accuracy. And the wire coil can be fixed at any appropriate position near the sedimentation pipe, so that the wire coil is convenient and quick, and is simple to mount and dismount.
Further, the driving motor comprises a lifting motor and a lowering motor; wherein:
the lifting motor is arranged on the wire coil and used for driving the wire coil to rotate so as to lift the conductor probe; the downward-moving motor is arranged in the box body, is bypassed by the grating measuring ruler and is used for rotating and driving the grating measuring ruler to move the conductor probe downward; the control ends of the lifting motor and the lowering motor are respectively electrically connected with the control circuit.
In the above-mentioned scheme, consider to use a driving motor to realize promoting simultaneously and transfer the function, along with transferring of grating scale, the diameter of grating scale winding on the drum can diminish, leads to transferring speed and can take place undulantly. Consequently through independent setting promotion motor and transfer the motor, the promotion motor sets up on the drum, be used for realizing that the conductor probe promotes with relatively stable speed is automatic, and transfer the motor setting between promotion motor and spacing pulley, be walked around by the grating measuring tape, be used for realizing that the conductor probe is automatic to be transferred with relatively stable speed, can be on the basis of traditional electromagnetism layering settlement gauge, increased the promotion motor and transferred the motor, realized full-automatic transfer promotion, use manpower sparingly, and can realize the stable control of speed.
Furthermore, the rotating shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft of the wire coil.
Furthermore, the limiting pulleys are arranged in a plurality of the box body, and the box body is arranged in the front of and behind the downward motor along the winding direction of the grating measuring scale.
In the above scheme, through setting up a plurality of spacing pulleys, except the direction of transmission grating scale, change grating scale, can also make the grating scale keep the state of tautness and with transfer motor in close contact with, prevent that relative slip from appearing between grating scale and the transfer motor to the position stability of restriction grating scale.
Furthermore, the control circuit comprises a microprocessor, a keyboard module, a display module, a motor driving module, a data module and a charging module; wherein:
the output end of the keyboard module is electrically connected with the control end of the microprocessor, and the output end of the microprocessor is electrically connected with the input end of the display module, the control end of the motor driving module and the control end of the data module; the power supply port of the microprocessor is electrically connected with the output end of the charging module;
the output end of the motor driving module is electrically connected with the control end of the driving motor;
and the control end of the microprocessor is electrically connected with the output end of the grating speed sensor and the conductor probe.
In the scheme, man-machine interaction can be realized through the keyboard module and the display module, and a user performs visual operation to realize the input of measurement information; the data module is used for realizing the derivation of the measured data, the charging module is used for realizing the charging, the microprocessor is used for recording the telescopic speed of the grating measuring tape measured by the grating speed sensor, the motor driving module is controlled to drive the driving motor and the like, the full-automatic processing is realized, and the measurement is more accurate.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention discloses a control method of a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the control circuit receives a measurement starting instruction input by a user and controls the transmission device to start working, and the transmission device drives and controls the grating measuring scale to drive the conductor probe to start to be put down from the limiting device in the settling tube at a certain speed;
s2: the grating speed sensor measures the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe in the lowering process of the conductor probe and transmits the instantaneous speed to the control circuit;
s3: when the conductor probe passes through the magnetic settlement ring, the induced current generated by the conductor probe under the action of electromagnetic induction is transmitted to the control circuit;
s4: the control circuit calculates the depth of each magnetic settlement ring according to the instant speed of the conductor probe during the downward placing process and the moment of the conductor probe generating the induced current;
s5: when the lowering distance reaches the preset hole depth, the control circuit sends a command to control the transmission device to lift the conductor probe to the limiting device, and the depth of each magnetic settlement ring is measured and calculated in the lifting process;
s6: and obtaining the average value of the depths of the magnetic settlement rings calculated in the lowering and lifting processes, and determining the positions of the magnetic settlement rings.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter and a control method thereof.A grating speed sensor and a grating measuring ruler are used for measuring the descending instantaneous speed of a conductor probe in real time, and the moment of generating induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction when the conductor probe passes through a magnetic settlement ring is recorded in real time, and then a control circuit is used for automatically calculating the depth of each magnetic settlement ring according to the descending instantaneous speed of the conductor probe and the moment of generating the induction current, so that the position of the magnetic settlement ring can be determined automatically, the position of the magnetic settlement ring can be measured more accurately, the grating measuring ruler can be ensured to pass through a limiting device, and the conductor probe cannot pass through the limiting device, so that the conductor probe can be descended from the same position (the limiting device) every time, and the measurement precision is further improved; and adopt grating speed sensor and grating scale measurement conductor probe instant speed of transferring, need not transfer the rotational speed of guide pulley and then calculate and transfer the degree of depth through the record, break away from among the prior art because of guide pulley and cable rope produce the technical defect that relative slip leads to the measuring error increase, and then can reduce measuring error. Meanwhile, the conductor probe is smaller than an electromagnetic probe of a traditional layered settlement meter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the relationship between the grating speed sensor and the grating measuring tape in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the magnetic settling ring in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conductor probe passing through a magnetic settlement ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between an instantaneous speed of lowering a conductor probe and a change of an electromagnetic induction signal intensity with time according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a grating measuring ruler; 2. a conductor probe; 3. a settling tube; 4. a magnetic settling ring; 5. a limit baffle; 6. limiting the pipe section; 7. a limiting pulley; 8. a photoelectric receiver; 9. a laser transmitter; 10. wire coils; 1001. a coil; 1002. fixing a bracket; 1003. steel nails; 11. a hoisting motor; 12. a motor is lowered; 13. a microprocessor; 14. a keyboard module; 15. a display module; 16. a motor drive module; 17. a data module; 18. and a charging module.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter, which comprises a transmission device, a limiting device, a control circuit, a grating speed sensor, a grating measuring ruler 1, a conductor probe 2, a settlement pipe 3, a magnetic settlement ring 4 and a sensor, wherein the transmission device is connected with the limiting device; wherein, the grating measuring ruler 1 is connected with a transmission device, sinks into the sedimentation pipe 3 through a limiting device and is connected with the conductor probe 2; the limiting device is detachably arranged at the end part of the sedimentation pipe 3 and is used for ensuring that the grating measuring tape 1 passes through but the conductor probe 2 cannot pass through, so that the conductor probe 2 is lowered from the same position every time; the magnetic settling ring 4 is sleeved on the settling pipe 3; the control circuit is electrically connected with the transmission device and the conductor probe 2, the grating speed sensor is arranged on the limiting device and around the grating measuring ruler 1, and the output end of the grating speed sensor is electrically connected with the control circuit and used for measuring laser signals in the stretching process of the grating measuring ruler 1.
Wherein, the sedimentation pipe 3 is sleeved with a plurality of magnetic sedimentation rings 4 and is sleeved at different preset positions, and the preset positions can be manually set according to actual conditions; the shape of the conductor probe 2 is in particular conical.
Further optionally, the limiting device comprises a box body, a limiting baffle 5 and a limiting pipe section 6, wherein the limiting baffle 5 is fixedly arranged in the limiting pipe section 6, and the limiting pipe section 6 is fixedly arranged below the box body and is inserted into the end part of the settling pipe 3; one side of the box body facing the transmission device is provided with an opening; the grating measuring ruler 1 penetrates through the opening to enter the cavity of the box body, penetrates through a through hole formed in the limiting baffle 5 and is fixedly connected with the conductor probe 2; the aperture of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the conductor probe 2, and the grating speed sensor is arranged above the through hole of the limit baffle 5.
Wherein, be provided with the through-hole on limit baffle 5, this through-hole can pass through for grating measuring tape 1, and can not pass through for conductor probe 2 to can make conductor probe 2 all transfer from same position (limit baffle 5 department) at every turn, and calculate through control circuit and obtain the distance that reaches each magnetic sedimentation ring 4 from limit baffle 5.
Preferably, the limiting baffle 5 is circular in shape.
Wherein, the external diameter of spacing pipeline section 6 equals with the internal diameter of sedimentation pipe 3, and spacing pipeline section 6 can peg graft in sedimentation pipe 3, can fix the box in 3 port positions of sedimentation pipe when measuring. Optionally, the length of the limiting pipe section 6 is 10-20 cm.
Optionally, the limiting device further comprises a limiting pulley 7, the limiting pulley 7 is arranged in the box body and is wound by the grating measuring tape 1, and the limiting pulley is used for limiting the position stability of the grating measuring tape 1.
Optionally, a conductive wire is arranged in the grating measuring tape 1, one end of the conductive wire is connected with the conductor probe 2, and the other end of the conductive wire is connected with the input end of the control circuit.
Optionally, the grating ruler 1 is set to be completely black, transparent and equidistantly alternated.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the position relationship between the grating speed sensor and the grating ruler 1 in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the grating speed sensor is a photoelectric sensor, and includes a photoelectric receiver 8 and a laser transmitter 9; the telescopic path of the grating measuring scale 1 is arranged between the photoelectric receiver 8 and the laser transmitter 9. Wherein, the control end of the laser transmitter 9 is electrically connected with the output end of the control circuit, after the control circuit sends an instruction to the laser transmitter 9, the laser transmitter 9 generates laser to be shot on the grating measuring tape 1 which runs at a certain speed, the full black part of the grating measuring tape 1 is used for blocking the laser signal of the laser transmitter 9, the transparent part is used for transmitting the laser signal of the laser transmitter 9, because the grating measuring tape 1 is full black and has a transparent equidistant alternate structure, the photoelectric receiver 8 receives the intermittent laser signal in the stretching process of the grating measuring tape 1, the output end of the photoelectric receiver 8 is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit, the photoelectric receiver 8 sends the intermittent laser signal to the control circuit, and the control circuit can calculate the instantaneous speed of the downward movement of the grating measuring tape 1 according to the intermittent laser signal. Optionally, the photoelectric receiver 8 and the laser transmitter 9 are respectively fixed on both sides above the through hole of the limit baffle 5.
Optionally, the transmission comprises a wire coil 10 and a drive motor; wherein: the driving motor is used for driving the wire coil 10 to rotate, and the driving motor can drive the wire coil to rotate forwards and backwards; the grating measuring scale 1 is arranged on the wire coil 10; the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the control circuit. Wherein, driving motor can be used for driving drum 10 to rotate to realize grating scale 1's flexible, and then realize rising and transferring of conductor probe 2.
Optionally, the wire coil 10 comprises a coil 1001, a fixing bracket 1002 and steel nails 1003; wherein: the fixing bracket 1002 is used for fixing the coil 1001; the fixing bracket 1002 is provided with a mounting hole, and the steel nail 1003 fixes the fixing bracket 1002 through the mounting hole; the grating scale 1 is connected to a cable provided on the coil 1001.
Wherein, the fixing bracket 1002 can be arranged below the coil 1001, and the steel nails 1003 fix the fixing bracket 1002 at a proper position near the settling tube 3 through the mounting holes, so that the wire coil 10 is fixed at any proper position near the settling tube 3.
Alternatively, the driving motors include a lifting motor 11 and a lowering motor 12; wherein: the lifting motor 11 is arranged on the wire coil 10 and used for driving the wire coil 10 to rotate so as to lift the conductor probe 2; the downward-moving motor 12 is arranged in the box body, is bypassed by the grating measuring tape 1 and is used for rotating to drive the grating measuring tape 1 to move the conductor probe 2 downward; the control ends of the lifting motor 11 and the lowering motor 12 are respectively electrically connected with the control circuit.
Wherein, the rotating shaft of the lifting motor 11 is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft of the wire coil 10. The lifting motor 11 drives the rotation shaft to rotate and drives the central rotating shaft of the wire coil 10 to rotate, so that the wire coil 10 is driven to rotate.
Optionally, a plurality of limiting pulleys 7 are arranged in the box body and arranged in front of and behind the lower discharge machine 12 along the winding direction of the grating measuring tape 1.
Wherein, a plurality of spacing pulleys 7 can set up different positions in the cavity of above-mentioned box, include and set up respectively from top to bottom at the trompil of above-mentioned box towards one side of drum 10, set up along grating measuring tape 1's winding direction in above-mentioned box, a plurality of spacing pulleys 7 can prevent grating measuring tape 1 swing like this, make grating measuring tape 1 keep tight state and with transfer motor 12 in close contact with, and prevent that grating measuring tape 1 and transfer motor 12 between appear relative slip, thereby restriction grating measuring tape 1's position is stable, can transmit grating measuring tape 1 simultaneously, and change grating measuring tape 1's direction.
Optionally, the control circuit is specifically a single chip microcomputer system, and may include a microprocessor 13, a keyboard module 14, a display module 15, a motor driving module 16, a data module 17, and a charging module 18; wherein:
the output end of the keyboard module 14 is electrically connected with the control end of the microprocessor 13, and the output end of the microprocessor 13 is electrically connected with the input end of the display module 15, the control end of the motor driving module 16 and the control end of the data module 17; the power supply port of the microprocessor 13 is electrically connected with the output end of the charging module 18; the output end of the motor driving module 16 is electrically connected with the control end of the driving motor; the control end of the microprocessor 13 is electrically connected with the output end of the grating speed sensor and the conductor probe 2.
The keyboard module 14 is specifically an operation panel, the display module 15 is specifically a liquid crystal display screen, human-computer interaction can be achieved through the operation panel and the liquid crystal display screen, a user can perform visual operation, input of measurement information (such as hole numbers, hole depths, the number of layered settlement rings and the like) is achieved, the data module 17 is specifically a USB data interface, the measurement data can be led out to a USB flash disk or a computer through the USB data interface, the charging module 18 is specifically a charging interface, and the microprocessor 13 can be charged through the charging interface.
Optionally, the microprocessor 13 is used to record and store the instantaneous speed of lowering of the conductor probe 2, the moment of the induced current generation, and calculate the distance from the limit stop 5 to each magnetic settling ring 4 by the following equation (1):
wherein t is the time of lowering the conductor probe 2, vtThe instantaneous speed of the conductor probe 2 at time t.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, one side of the magnetic settling ring 4 is an S pole, the other side is an N pole, a magnetic induction line is filled between the S pole and the N pole, and the magnetic settling ring 4 is fixedly sleeved at a preset position outside the settling tube 3 by using a limiting pipe hoop; as shown in fig. 4, when the conductor probe 2 passes through the magnetic subsidence ring 4 at a certain speed, the conductor probe 2 cuts the magnetic induction line between the S pole and the N pole, the conductor probe 2 generates an induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction, because the grating measuring ruler 1 is internally provided with a conductive wire, one end of which is connected with the conductor probe 2, and the other end is connected with the input end of the microprocessor 13, the conductor probe 2 transmits an electric signal of the generated induction current to the microprocessor 13 through the conductive wire in the grating measuring ruler 1, the microprocessor 13 completely records and stores the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe 2 being lowered and the change relation of the electromagnetic induction signal intensity with time by combining the grating speed sensor and the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe 2 being lowered measured by the grating measuring ruler 1, as shown in fig. 5, a solid line is the change relation of the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe 2 being lowered with time, a dotted line is the change relation of the electromagnetic induction signal intensity with time, the respective times t1, t2, t3, etc. at which the intensity of the electromagnetic induction signal reaches the peak can be determined by the dashed line b, i.e. the times at which the conductor probe 2 generates the induced current (i.e. reaches the respective magnetic sinker ring 4). Assuming that the time when the conductor probe 2 reaches the second magnetic settling ring 4 from the limit stop 5 is t2, the integral of the velocity from time 0 to time t2, which is the distance of the second magnetic settling ring 4 from the limit stop 5, can be calculated by equation (1) to obtain the shaded area shown in fig. 5.
This embodiment provides a full-automatic high accuracy stratification settlement appearance, measure the instantaneous speed that conductor probe transferred through grating speed sensor and grating measuring tape real-time, and the moment of producing induced-current under the electromagnetic induction effect when real-time recording conductor probe passes through the magnetic settlement ring, then calculate the degree of depth that obtains each magnetic settlement ring according to the instantaneous speed that conductor probe transferred and the moment of producing induced-current automatically through control circuit, thereby can the full automatization confirm the position of magnetic settlement ring, make the position of measuring the magnetic settlement ring more accurate, and can guarantee through stop device that the grating measuring tape passes through, and conductor probe can not pass through, thereby can make conductor probe all transfer from same position (stop device department) at every turn, further promote measurement accuracy.
And adopt grating speed sensor and grating measuring tape to measure the instantaneous speed that the conductor probe transferred, need not calculate the degree of depth of transferring through the rotational speed of record transfer guide pulley and then, break away from among the prior art because of guide pulley and cable rope produce relative slip lead to the technical defect of measuring error increase, and then can reduce measuring error. Simultaneously, on the basis of traditional electromagnetism layered settlement appearance, increased the promotion motor and transferred the motor, realized full-automatic transfer promotion, use manpower sparingly to can realize the stable control of speed, adopt the conductor probe to compare in traditional layered settlement appearance's electromagnetic probe more small and exquisite moreover.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a method for controlling a fully-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter, including the following steps:
s1: the control circuit receives a measurement starting instruction input by a user and controls the transmission device to start working, and the transmission device drives the grating measuring scale 1 to drive the conductor probe 2 to start to be placed in the settling pipe 3 at a certain speed from the limiting device.
Before step S1, a layered settlement hole needs to be drilled, then the magnetic settlement ring 4 is sleeved on the settlement pipe 3, the magnetic settlement ring 4 is limited at a preset position by using a limiting pipe hoop, the settlement pipe 3 is lowered and buried in the soil before a specified measurement time period (for example, 1 month), and the length of 10-20 cm is reserved above the ground.
Wherein, the burying work of the sedimentation pipe 3 is finished before the appointed time period of measurement is started, which is beneficial to ensuring the deformation stability of the soil filled in the hole.
Optionally, the transmission comprises a spool 10 and a drive motor. Before the measurement work is started, the winding work of the grating measuring tape 1 on the wire coil 10 needs to be completed, and the conductor probe 2 is lifted to the position of the limiting device. The wire coil 10 is fixedly placed at a proper position near the sedimentation pipe 3, and the limiting device is detachably arranged at the end part of the sedimentation pipe 3 to complete fixation; wherein, be provided with the fixed bolster under the drum 10, can pass the fixed bolster through the steel nail and fix the fixed bolster, and then fix drum 10.
In step S1, a user can input measurement information at least including the hole number, the hole depth, and the number of the subsidence rings through the operation panel and the liquid crystal display, and press a measurement start button on the operation panel, the control circuit receives a measurement start instruction input by the user, and then controls the driving motor to drive the wire coil 10 to rotate to drive the grating measuring tape 1 and the conductor probe 2 to start to be released at a relatively stable speed.
S2: the grating speed sensor measures the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe 2 in the lowering process of the conductor probe 2 and transmits the instantaneous speed to the control circuit.
The control circuit is specifically a single chip microcomputer system, and may include a microprocessor 13, a keyboard module 14, a display module 15, a motor driving module 16, a data module 17, and a charging module 18. Then, the grating speed sensor can transmit the measured instantaneous speed of the lowering of the grating measuring tape 1 to the microprocessor 13, and the measured instantaneous speed is recorded by the microprocessor 13.
S3: when passing through the magnetic settlement ring 4, the conductor probe 2 transfers the induced current generated by the electromagnetic induction to the control circuit.
When the conductor probe 2 passes through the magnetic settlement ring 4, the conductor probe 2 cuts the magnetic induction line of the magnetic settlement ring 4 to generate induction current, and the induction current is transmitted to the microprocessor 13, and the microprocessor 13 records the moment when the conductor probe 2 generates the induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction.
S4: the control circuit calculates the depth of each magnetic settling ring 4 according to the instant speed of the conductor probe 2 to be lowered and the moment when the conductor probe 2 generates the induced current.
In step S4, the microprocessor 13 automatically integrates the recorded velocity-time curve according to the time when the conductor probe 2 generates the induced current, calculates the lowering distance, and calculates the distance from the stopper to each magnetic settling ring 4, thereby determining the position of each magnetic settling ring 4.
S5: when the lowering distance reaches the preset hole depth, the control circuit sends a command to control the transmission device to lift the conductor probe 2 to the limiting device, and the depth of each magnetic settlement ring 4 is measured and calculated in the lifting process;
s6: and obtaining the average value of the depths of the magnetic settlement rings 4 calculated in the lowering and lifting processes, and determining the positions of the magnetic settlement rings 4.
Wherein, when the distance of putting down reaches and predetermines the hole depth, microprocessor 13 sends the order, makes driving motor promote conductor probe 2 to stop device department, promotes the same depth that calculates each magnetic settlement ring 4 of measurement in-process, and the average value of the degree of depth that two processes were calculated can be transferred and promoted to each magnetic settlement ring 4's position, and microprocessor 13 synchronous generation measured data can make the position of each magnetic settlement ring that measures more accurate.
The measurement data may be in a form of a monitoring result table.
Wherein, driving motor includes lifting motor 11 and transfers motor 12, and microprocessor 13 sends the order and makes transfer motor 12 stop work, lifting motor 11 begin work, promotes conductor probe 2 to stop device department.
After the measurement is finished, the measurement data is exported to a U disk or a computer through a USB data interface; the electric quantity needs to be checked before each measurement, and the electric quantity is charged through the charging interface when the electric quantity is insufficient.
The embodiment provides a control method of a full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter, when a control circuit receives a measurement starting instruction input by a user, a transmission device is controlled to control a grating measuring scale and a conductor probe to begin to be put down at a certain speed, the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe to be put down and measured by a grating speed sensor is received in real time, the moment when the conductor probe passes through a magnetic settlement ring and generates induction current under the action of electromagnetic induction is recorded in real time, then the control circuit automatically calculates the depth of each magnetic settlement ring according to the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe to be put down and the moment when the induction current is generated, so that the position of the magnetic settlement ring can be determined automatically, the position of the magnetic settlement ring is more accurate, the grating measuring scale can be ensured to pass through by a limiting device, the conductor probe cannot pass through, and the conductor probe can be put down from the same position (the limiting device) every time, further improving the measurement accuracy.
And moreover, the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe lowering is measured by adopting the grating speed sensor and the grating measuring ruler, the lowering depth is calculated without recording the rotating speed of the lowering guide wheel, the technical defect that the measurement error is increased due to relative sliding between the guide wheel and a cable rope in the prior art is overcome, and the measurement error can be reduced. Simultaneously, on the basis of traditional electromagnetism layered settlement appearance, increased the promotion motor and transferred the motor, realized full-automatic transfer promotion, use manpower sparingly to can realize the stable control of speed, adopt the conductor probe to compare in traditional layered settlement appearance's electromagnetic probe more small and exquisite moreover.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A full-automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement meter is characterized by comprising a transmission device, a limiting device, a control circuit, a grating speed sensor, a grating measuring ruler (1), a conductor probe (2), a settlement pipe (3) and a magnetic settlement ring (4); wherein: the grating measuring ruler (1) is connected with the transmission device, sinks into the settling pipe (3) through the limiting device and is connected with the conductor probe (2);
the limiting device is detachably arranged at the end part of the settling pipe (3) and is used for ensuring that the grating measuring tape (1) passes through but the conductor probe (2) cannot pass through, so that the conductor probe (2) is lowered down from the same position every time;
the magnetic settling ring (4) is sleeved on the settling pipe (3);
the control circuit is electrically connected with the transmission device and the conductor probe (2);
the grating speed sensor is arranged on the limiting device and around the grating measuring ruler (1), and the output end of the grating speed sensor is electrically connected with the control circuit;
the limiting device comprises a box body, a limiting baffle (5) and a limiting pipe section (6); wherein:
the limiting baffle (5) is fixedly arranged in the limiting pipe section (6), and the limiting pipe section (6) is fixedly arranged below the box body and is inserted at the end part of the settling pipe (3);
one side of the box body facing the transmission device is provided with an opening; the grating measuring ruler (1) penetrates through the opening to enter the cavity of the box body, penetrates through a through hole formed in the limiting baffle (5) and is fixedly connected with the conductor probe (2); the aperture of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the conductor probe (2);
the grating speed sensor is arranged above the through hole of the limiting baffle (5);
the grating speed sensor comprises a photoelectric receiver (8) and a laser transmitter (9); wherein:
the laser transmitter (9) is used for transmitting laser to the grating measuring scale (1), and the photoelectric receiver (8) is used for measuring a laser signal in the stretching process of the grating measuring scale (1);
the output end of the photoelectric receiver (8) is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit;
the control end of the laser transmitter (9) is electrically connected with the output end of the control circuit;
the telescopic path of the grating measuring scale (1) is arranged between the photoelectric receiver (8) and the laser transmitter (9);
the grating measuring ruler (1) is of a full-black transparent equidistant alternating structure, the control end of the laser transmitter (9) is electrically connected with the output end of the control circuit, after the control circuit sends an instruction to the laser transmitter (9), the laser transmitter (9) generates laser to be irradiated on the grating measuring scale (1), the totally black part of the grating measuring scale (1) is used for blocking laser signals of the laser transmitter (9), the transparent part is used for transmitting the laser signals of the laser transmitter (9), the photoelectric receiver (8) receives intermittent laser signals in the stretching process of the grating measuring scale (1), the output end of the photoelectric receiver (8) is electrically connected with the input end of the control circuit, the photoelectric receiver (8) sends the intermittent laser signals to the control circuit, and the control circuit calculates the descending instantaneous speed of the grating measuring scale (1) according to the intermittent laser signals;
the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe (2) during the lowering process is measured in real time through the grating speed sensor and the grating measuring ruler (1), the moment of induced current generated under the action of electromagnetic induction when the conductor probe (2) passes through the magnetic settlement ring (4) is recorded in real time, and then the depth of each magnetic settlement ring (4) is automatically calculated through the control circuit according to the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe (2) during the lowering process and the moment of the induced current generation, so that the position of the magnetic settlement ring (4) can be determined automatically.
2. The full-automatic high-precision layered settlement gauge according to claim 1, wherein the limiting device further comprises a limiting pulley (7), and the limiting pulley (7) is arranged in the box body and is wound by the grating measuring ruler (1) for limiting the position stability of the grating measuring ruler (1).
3. The fully automatic high-precision delaminating sinker according to claim 2, wherein the transmission comprises a wire coil (10) and a drive motor; wherein:
the driving motor is used for driving the wire coil (10) to rotate, and the driving motor can drive the wire coil to rotate forwards and backwards;
the grating measuring ruler (1) is arranged on the wire coil (10);
and the control end of the driving motor is electrically connected with the control circuit.
4. A fully automatic high precision hierarchical settlement gauge according to claim 3 wherein the wire coil (10) comprises a coil (1001), a fixed bracket (1002) and a steel nail (1003); wherein:
the fixing bracket (1002) is used for fixing the coil (1001);
the fixing support (1002) is provided with a mounting hole, and the steel nail (1003) fixes the fixing support (1002) through the mounting hole;
the grating measuring scale (1) is connected with a cable arranged on the coil (1001).
5. A fully automatic high precision hierarchical settlement gauge according to claim 4 wherein the drive motors comprise a lift motor (11) and a lower motor (12); wherein:
the lifting motor (11) is arranged on the wire coil (10) and used for driving the wire coil (10) to rotate so as to lift the conductor probe (2);
the lowering motor (12) is arranged in the box body, is bypassed by the grating measuring scale (1) and is used for rotating to drive the grating measuring scale (1) to lower the conductor probe (2);
and the control ends of the lifting motor (11) and the lowering motor (12) are respectively electrically connected with the control circuit.
6. The full-automatic high-precision layered settlement gauge according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of limiting pulleys (7) are arranged in the box body in front of and behind the lower motor (12) along the winding direction of the grating measuring ruler (1).
7. The fully automatic high-precision hierarchical settlement gauge of claim 6, wherein the control circuit comprises a microprocessor (13), a keyboard module (14), a display module (15), a motor driving module (16), a data module (17) and a charging module (18); wherein:
the output end of the keyboard module (14) is electrically connected with the control end of the microprocessor (13), and the output end of the microprocessor (13) is electrically connected with the input end of the display module (15), the control end of the motor driving module (16) and the control end of the data module (17);
the power supply port of the microprocessor (13) is electrically connected with the output end of the charging module (18);
the output end of the motor driving module (16) is electrically connected with the control end of the driving motor;
and the control end of the microprocessor (13) is electrically connected with the output end of the grating speed sensor and the conductor probe (2).
8. The control method of the fully automatic high-precision delaminating sinker instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: the control circuit receives a measurement starting instruction input by a user and controls a transmission device to start working, and the transmission device drives a grating measuring ruler (1) to drive a conductor probe (2) to be placed in a settling tube (3) from the limiting device at a certain speed to be placed downwards;
s2: the grating speed sensor measures the instantaneous speed of the conductor probe (2) in the lowering process of the conductor probe (2) and transmits the instantaneous speed to the control circuit;
s3: when the conductor probe (2) passes through the magnetic sedimentation ring (4), the induced current generated by the magnetic sedimentation ring under the action of electromagnetic induction is transmitted to the control circuit;
s4: the control circuit calculates the depth of each magnetic settling ring (4) in the lowering process according to the instant speed of the conductor probe (2) in the lowering process and the moment when the conductor probe (2) generates induction current;
s5: when the lowering distance reaches the preset hole depth, the control circuit sends a command to control the transmission device to lift the conductor probe (2) to the limiting device, and the depth of each magnetic settling ring (4) is measured and calculated in the lifting process;
s6: and obtaining the average value of the depths of the magnetic sedimentation rings (4) calculated in the lowering and lifting processes, and determining the positions of the magnetic sedimentation rings (4).
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