CN112524303A

CN112524303A - Pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit

Info

Publication number: CN112524303A
Application number: CN202011356796.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁恒荣; 方以群; 柳初萌; 刘平小; 马骏; 王楠
Original assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Naval Characteristic Medical Center
Current assignee: Chinese Peoples Liberation Army Naval Characteristic Medical Center
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2020-11-27
Publication date: 2021-03-19

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which comprises: the closed escape suit and the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly; the automatic flow adjusting and exhausting assembly is fixed on the closed escape suit; the flow regulating vent assembly has at least one pressure rating; when the air pressure in the closed escape suit is smaller than a rated value, the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly reduces or stops exhausting. The device has the advantages that the exhaust speed is automatically adjusted or the exhaust is stopped through automatic pressure, namely a pressure reduction stopping station is arranged at a position close to the sea level, the pressure is not required to be manually controlled, the pressure maintaining and danger escaping functions can be automatically realized, and the depth of safe danger escaping is improved by more than 50%.

Description

Pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit

Technical Field

The invention relates to escape suit, in particular to escape suit for a pressure maintaining submarine.

Background

The fast floating danger-escaping is mainly based on the principle of non-decompression diving, when a submarine is out of service, if the interior of the submarine is still at normal pressure, a sailor can wear the fast floating danger-escaping suit and enter the fast pressure regulating cabin, and the fast floating danger-escaping suit is synchronously inflated while the pressure in the fast water injection cabin and the pressure in the air supply regulating cabin and the pressure outside the submarine are balanced. After the pressure is balanced, the upper cover of the pressure regulating cabin is opened, so that the crew quickly floats upwards to escape to the water surface, and the escape of the crew is finished.

Because the existing escape suit has no pressure maintaining function, after the crew quickly floats to the water surface, the crew is directly exposed in the normal pressure environment, and theoretically, the maximum safe escape depth is only about 200 meters.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the pressure-maintaining submarine danger-escaping suit, the exhaust speed is automatically adjusted or the exhaust is stopped through automatic pressure, namely a pressure-reducing stop station is arranged at a position close to the sea level, the pressure is not required to be manually controlled, the pressure-maintaining danger-escaping function can be automatically realized, and the depth of safe danger escaping is improved by more than 50%; to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

The invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which comprises: the closed escape suit 1 and the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly; the automatic flow adjusting and exhausting assembly is fixed on the closed escape suit 1; the flow regulating vent assembly has at least one pressure rating; when the air pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is less than the rated value, the automatic flow regulating vent assembly reduces or stops venting.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly comprises an automatic regulating exhaust valve 500; self-adjusting vent valve 500 includes a wetsuit seat 510, a housing 520, an end cap 530, a movable valve body 540, and a first spring 550; the housing 520 has a communication hole 521a and a partition hole 521 b; the communication hole 521a and the isolation hole 521b are coaxial stepped holes 521, and the diameter of the communication hole 521a is smaller than that of the isolation hole 521 b; the side wall of the communication hole is provided with a small flow outlet hole 523 which penetrates through the shell 520; the movable valve body 540 is disposed in the isolation hole 521 b; the diameter of the movable valve body 540 is larger than that of the communication hole 521a and smaller than that of the isolation hole 521 b; the end surface of the movable valve body 540 can be attached to the step surface of the step hole 521; the end cap 530 has a large flow outlet hole 531; the end cap 530 is detachably or fixedly connected with one end of the housing 520 where the isolation hole 521b is located; after connection, the isolation hole 521b is communicated with the large-flow air outlet hole 531; the first spring 550 is disposed between the movable valve body 540 and the end cap 530, i.e. one end of the first spring abuts against the movable valve body 540 and the other end of the first spring abuts against the end cap 530; the diving suit seat 510 is fixed on the enclosed escape suit 1; wetsuit seat 510 has air intake holes 511; the diving suit seat 510 is detachably or fixedly connected with one end of the shell 520 where the communication hole 521a is located in a sealing manner; after connection, the intake hole 511 communicates with the communication hole 521 a; the air output of the large-flow air outlet 531 is greater than that of the small-flow air outlet 523.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly further comprises a constant flow exhaust valve 600; when the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is greater than the rated pressure value of the constant flow exhaust valve 600, the constant flow exhaust valve 600 exhausts outwards; when the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is smaller than the rated pressure value of the constant flow exhaust valve 600, the constant flow exhaust valve 600 is closed.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: a sealing groove 541 is arranged on the end surface of the movable valve body 540, which is attached to the step surface of the step hole 521; a sealing O-ring is disposed in the sealing groove 541.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the movable valve body 540 is provided with at least one guide key on the circumference; the isolating hole 521b of the housing 520 is provided with a guide groove matched with the guide key; the guide key is embedded into the guide groove and can move in the guide groove; or the movable valve body 540 has at least one guide groove on the circumference; the isolating hole 521b of the shell 520 is provided with a guide key matched with the guide key; the guide key is embedded in the guide groove and can move in the guide groove.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the flow regulating exhaust assembly comprises at least one first exhaust valve 100 and at least one second exhaust valve 200; the first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 are respectively fixed on the closed escape suit 1; the first exhaust valve 100 has a first pressure rating and a first exhaust volume; the second exhaust valve 200 has a second pressure rating and a second exhaust volume; the first pressure rating is greater than the second pressure rating; the first displacement is larger than the second displacement; when the pressure in the enclosed escape suit 1 is greater than the first pressure rating, the first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 simultaneously exhaust; when the pressure in the enclosed escape suit 1 is less than the first pressure rating and greater than the second pressure rating, the first exhaust valve 100 is closed and the second exhaust valve 200 is solely exhausted; when the pressure within the enclosed escape suit 1 is less than the second pressure rating, both the first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 are closed.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly comprises at least one third exhaust valve; the third exhaust valve has a third pressure rating and a third displacement; the second pressure rating is greater than the third pressure rating; when the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is greater than a third pressure rated value, a third exhaust valve exhausts outwards; when the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is less than the third pressure setpoint value, the third venting valve closes.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly also comprises at least one micro-flow exhaust hole; the displacement of the micro flow rate exhaust hole is smaller than that of the second exhaust valve 200; the micro-flow exhaust hole is always in an exhaust state until the pressure inside and outside the closed escape suit 1 is the same.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly is arranged at the breathing position of the closed escape suit 1.

Further, the invention provides a pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit, which can also have the following characteristics: the hood of the closed escape suit 1 can be detached.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit in the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the closing state of the large flow outlet hole of the automatic regulating exhaust valve in the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the opening state of the large flow outlet hole of the automatic regulating exhaust valve in the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure-holding submarine escape suit according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the opening state of the constant flow rate exhaust valve in the second embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure-holding submarine escape suit in the third embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1, the pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit in this embodiment includes: the closed escape suit 1 and the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly. The enclosed escape suit 1 includes a chest-abdomen breathing chamber 1 a.

In this embodiment, the flow automatically regulated exhaust assembly includes: the exhaust valve 500 is automatically adjusted. As shown in fig. 2, the automatically adjusting vent valve 500 includes a wetsuit seat 510, a housing 520, an end cap 530, a movable valve body 540, and a first spring 550.

The housing 520 has a communication hole 521a and a partition hole 521 b. The communication hole 521a and the partition hole 521b are coaxial stepped holes 521, and the diameter of the communication hole 521a is smaller than that of the partition hole 521 b. The side wall of the communication hole has a small flow rate discharge hole 523 penetrating the housing 520.

The movable valve body 540 is disposed in the isolation hole 521 b. The diameter of the movable valve body 540 is larger than that of the communication hole 521a and smaller than that of the isolation hole 521 b. The end surface of the movable valve body 540 may be attached to the step surface of the step hole 521. The movable valve body 540 has a seal groove 541 in an end surface thereof to be attached to the step surface of the step hole 521. A sealing O-ring is disposed in the sealing groove 541.

Preferably, at least one guide key may be provided on the circumference of the movable valve body 540; the isolating hole 521b of the housing 520 is provided with a guide groove matched with the guide key; the guide key is embedded into the guide groove and can move in the guide groove; so that the movable valve body 540 does not move cheaply in the isolating hole 521b and plays a guiding role.

Of course, the same function can be achieved by providing the guide groove in the movable valve body 540 and the guide key in the isolation hole 521 b.

End cap 530 has a large flow outlet hole 531. The end cap 530 is detachably or fixedly coupled to an end of the housing 520 where the isolation hole 521b is located. After connection, the isolation hole 521b communicates with the large flow vent hole 531.

The first spring 550 is disposed between the movable valve body 540 and the end cap 530, i.e., one end is against the movable valve body 540 and the other end is against the end cap 530.

The wetsuit seat 510 may be thermoplastically fixed to the closed escape suit 1. The wetsuit seat 510 has air intake holes 511. The diving suit seat 510 and the communication hole 521a of the housing 520 are hermetically connected by a thread and a sealing ring. After connection, the intake holes 511 communicate with the communication hole 521 a. The air output of the large-flow air outlet 531 is greater than that of the small-flow air outlet 523.

The working principle of the pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit is as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, when the pressure in the pneumothorax-respiratory cavity 1a of the enclosed escape suit 1 is greater than the external pressure and the pre-tightening force of the first spring 550, the air pressure of the enclosed escape suit 1 pushes the movable valve 520 to the right, and the air in the enclosed escape suit 1 is discharged from the large-flow vent hole 531 and the small-flow vent hole 523 at the same time.

In the floating process, the pressure of the enclosed escape suit 1 is gradually reduced, and when the pressure in the chest-abdomen breathing cavity 1a of the enclosed escape suit 1 is smaller than the external pressure and the pretightening force of the first spring 550, the first spring 550 drives the movable valve body 520 to move leftwards until the left end face of the movable valve body 520 is attached to the step face of the step hole 521. At this time, the large flow vent hole 531 is closed, and the air pressure in the enclosed escape suit 1 can be discharged outward only from the small flow vent hole 523.

It should be noted that the sizes of the large-flow outlet 531 and the small-flow outlet 523 are calculated according to the required flow rate, and the proportion is not shown in the figure.

In addition, other structures of the closed escape suit 1 are the same as those of the existing quick escape suit, and are provided with an inflation interface and the like.

According to the pressure-maintaining fast-floating danger-escaping suit provided by the embodiment, after the sailor ascends to the water surface, the speed of outward air exhaust of the danger-escaping suit is fast reduced, so that a certain pressure is still kept in the danger-escaping suit, the hydrostatic pressure of 6-9 meters is preferably selected, and then the internal pressure of the danger-escaping suit is slowly reduced to 0 meter. The safety escape depth can be improved by more than 50% by setting a decompression stop station at 6-9 m.

Example two

As shown in fig. 4, the pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit in this embodiment includes: the closed escape suit 1 and the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly. The enclosed escape suit 1 includes a chest-abdomen breathing chamber 1 a.

In this embodiment, the flow automatically regulated exhaust assembly includes: an automatic regulating exhaust valve 500 and a constant flow exhaust valve 600. As shown in fig. 5, the constant flow vent valve 600 also includes a wetsuit seat, a housing, an end cap, a movable valve body, and a first spring.

The structure of the constant flow rate exhaust valve 600 is the same as that of the automatic adjusting exhaust valve 500 of the first embodiment, except that the small flow rate outlet hole 523 is not provided in the communication hole of the housing.

When the pressure in the pneumothorax 1a of the enclosed escape suit 1 is higher than the external pressure and the pretightening force of the spring in the constant flow exhaust valve 600, the movable valve body in the constant flow exhaust valve 600 is pushed open by the air pressure of the enclosed escape suit 1, and the gas in the enclosed escape suit 1 is exhausted outwards.

When the pressure in the chest and abdomen respiratory cavity 1a of the closed escape suit 1 is smaller than the external pressure and the pretightening force of the spring in the constant flow exhaust valve 600, the movable valve body in the constant flow exhaust valve 600 is reset, and the constant flow exhaust valve 600 is closed.

The constant flow exhaust valve 600 has only two states of opening and closing, and the pretightening force of the spring in the constant flow exhaust valve 600 is different from the pretightening force of the first spring 550 in the automatic adjusting exhaust valve 500, so that the three-section type exhaust pressure of the closed escape suit 1 can be adjusted, and a diver has one more pressure maintaining process.

EXAMPLE III

In this embodiment, the flow automatically regulated exhaust assembly includes: a first exhaust valve 100 and a second exhaust valve 200. The first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 have the same structure as the constant flow exhaust valve 600 in the second embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

The first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 are respectively fixed to the closed escape suit 1. The first exhaust valve 100 has a first pressure rating and a first amount of exhaust. The first pressure rating is the difference between the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 and the spring preload in the first exhaust valve 100 and the ambient pressure. The second exhaust valve 200 has a second pressure rating and a second exhaust volume. The second pressure rating is the difference between the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 and the spring preload in the second vent valve 200 and the ambient pressure. The first pressure rating is greater than the second pressure rating. The first displacement is greater than the second displacement. When the pressure in the enclosed escape suit 1 is greater than the first pressure rating, the first and

second exhaust valves

100 and 200 are simultaneously exhausted. When the pressure within the enclosed escape suit 1 is less than the first pressure rating and greater than the second pressure rating, the first exhaust valve 100 closes and the second exhaust valve 200 vents alone. When the pressure within the enclosed escape suit 1 is less than the second pressure rating, both the first exhaust valve 100 and the second exhaust valve 200 are closed.

In this embodiment, the hood of the enclosed suit 1 is detachable.

According to the pressure-maintaining rapid floating danger-escaping suit provided by the embodiment, when a sailor exhausts air in a deep water area, the sailor floats upwards rapidly, and rises to a moving sea surface, the speed of exhausting air outwards from the danger-escaping suit is reduced rapidly, so that a certain pressure is kept in the danger-escaping suit, when the second exhaust valve 200 is closed, the danger-escaping suit keeps a hydrostatic pressure of 6-9 meters all the time, and after sleeping is paid, danger-escaping personnel can escape the hood according to self conditions, preferably after 5 minutes. This is equivalent to the establishment of a decompression station at 6-9 m, which can increase the depth of the safety escape by more than 50%.

Modification of the third embodiment

In this modification, the flow rate automatic adjustment exhaust assembly may further include a micro flow rate exhaust hole. The micro flow rate exhaust hole has an exhaust amount smaller than that of the second exhaust valve 200. The micro-flow exhaust hole is always in an exhaust state until the pressure inside and outside the closed escape suit 1 is the same.

Modification example two of the third embodiment

In this embodiment, the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly may further include a third exhaust valve. The third exhaust valve has the same structure as the constant flow rate exhaust valve 600 of the second embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

The third exhaust valve has a third pressure rating and a third exhaust volume. The second pressure rating is greater than the third pressure rating. When the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is greater than the third pressure nominal value, the third exhaust valve exhausts outwards. When the pressure in the closed escape suit 1 is less than the third pressure setpoint value, the third venting valve closes.

When the main diving depth of the submarine is deeper, more exhaust stages are arranged, so that more decompression processes are provided for diving personnel, and the safety of the personnel in danger escaping is ensured.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pressure-maintaining submarine escape suit is characterized in that: comprises a closed escape suit (1) and an automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly;

wherein, the automatic flow adjusting and exhausting assembly is fixed on the closed escape suit (1);

the flow regulating vent assembly has at least one pressure rating;

when the air pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is smaller than the rated value, the automatic flow regulation exhaust assembly reduces or stops exhaust.

2. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein the flow self-regulating exhaust assembly comprises a self-regulating exhaust valve (500);

the automatic adjusting exhaust valve (500) comprises a diving suit seat (510), a shell (520), an end cover (530), a movable valve body (540) and a first spring (550);

the housing (520) has a communication hole (521a) and an isolation hole (521 b); the communication hole (521a) and the isolation hole (521b) are coaxial stepped holes (521), and the diameter of the communication hole (521a) is smaller than that of the isolation hole (521 b); the side wall of the communication hole is provided with a small-flow air outlet hole (523) which penetrates through the shell (520);

the movable valve body (540) is arranged in the isolation hole (521 b); the diameter of the movable valve body (540) is larger than that of the communication hole (521a) and smaller than that of the isolation hole (521 b); the end surface of the movable valve body (540) can be attached to the step surface of the step hole (521);

the end cover (530) is provided with a large-flow air outlet hole (531); the end cover (530) is detachably or fixedly connected with one end of the shell (520) where the isolation hole (521b) is located; after connection, the isolation hole (521b) is communicated with the large-flow air outlet hole (531);

the first spring (550) is arranged between the movable valve body (540) and the end cover (530), namely one end of the first spring is pressed against the movable valve body (540), and the other end of the first spring is pressed against the end cover (530);

the diving suit seat (510) is fixed on the closed escape suit (1); the wetsuit seat (510) having an air intake hole (511); the diving suit seat (510) is detachably or fixedly connected with one end of the shell (520) where the communication hole (521a) is located in a sealing manner; after connection, the air inlet hole (511) is communicated with the communication hole (521 a);

the air outlet quantity of the large-flow air outlet hole (531) is larger than that of the small-flow air outlet hole (523).

3. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 2, wherein:

wherein the automatic flow regulating exhaust assembly further comprises a constant flow exhaust valve (600);

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is greater than the rated pressure value of the constant flow exhaust valve (600), the constant flow exhaust valve (600) exhausts outwards;

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is smaller than the rated pressure value of the constant flow exhaust valve (600), the constant flow exhaust valve (600) is closed.

4. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 2, wherein:

the end face, attached to the step face of the step hole (521), of the movable valve body (540) is provided with a sealing groove (541);

and a sealing O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove (541).

5. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 2, wherein:

wherein the movable valve body (540) has at least one guide key on its circumference; the isolating hole (521b) of the shell (520) is provided with a guide groove matched with the guide key; the guide key is embedded into the guide groove and can move in the guide groove;

or the circumference of the movable valve body (540) is provided with at least one guide groove; the isolating hole (521b) of the shell (520) is provided with a guide key matched with the guide key; the guide key is embedded into the guide groove and can move in the guide groove.

6. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein the flow regulating exhaust assembly comprises at least one first exhaust valve (100) and at least one second exhaust valve (200);

the first exhaust valve (100) and the second exhaust valve (200) are respectively fixed on the closed escape suit (1);

the first exhaust valve (100) has a first pressure rating and a first exhaust volume;

the second exhaust valve (200) has a second pressure rating and a second exhaust volume;

the first pressure rating is greater than the second pressure rating;

the first displacement is greater than the second displacement;

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is larger than the first pressure rated value, the first exhaust valve (100) and the second exhaust valve (200) exhaust outwards simultaneously;

-when the pressure inside the containment escape suit (1) is less than the first pressure rating and greater than the second pressure rating, the first venting valve (100) is closed and the second venting valve (200) is vented alone;

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is less than the second pressure rating, both the first exhaust valve (100) and the second exhaust valve (200) are closed.

7. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 6, wherein:

wherein the flow regulating exhaust assembly comprises at least one third exhaust valve;

the third exhaust valve has a third pressure rating and a third exhaust volume;

the second pressure rating is greater than the third pressure rating;

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is greater than the third pressure rated value, the third exhaust valve exhausts outwards;

when the pressure in the closed escape suit (1) is less than the third pressure nominal value, the third exhaust valve is closed.

8. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to claim 6 or 7, wherein:

the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly further comprises at least one micro-flow exhaust hole;

the air displacement of the micro-flow exhaust hole is smaller than that of the second exhaust valve (200);

the micro-flow exhaust hole is always in an exhaust state until the pressure inside and outside the closed escape suit (1) is the same.

9. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

wherein the automatic flow adjusting exhaust assembly is arranged at the breathing position of the closed escape suit (1).

10. The pressure maintaining submarine escape suit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

wherein the hood of the closed escape suit (1) can be detached.