CN112523888A

CN112523888A - High compression ratio engine combustion chamber

Info

Publication number: CN112523888A
Application number: CN202110075129.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖爱民
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-20
Publication date: 2021-03-19

Abstract

High compression ratio engine combustion chamber relates to engine technical field, concretely relates to engine combustion chamber. The device comprises a cylinder, a piston arranged in the cylinder, a cylinder cover arranged at the top of the cylinder, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel arranged on the cylinder cover, an air inlet valve arranged in the air inlet channel, an air outlet valve arranged in the air outlet channel, a compressed air bin arranged in the cylinder cover, and an oxygen-deficient combustion bin with an oil nozzle arranged in the compressed air bin. By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can prevent the explosion impact force generated instantly by oxygen-enriched combustion from directly acting on the crankshaft, effectively convert the explosion impact force into torque to do work, avoid knocking caused by high compression ratio, reduce the vibration and noise of the engine by 65 percent, improve the compression ratio of a diesel engine to be more than 26 and improve the compression ratio of a gasoline engine to be more than 18.

Description

High compression ratio engine combustion chamber

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an engine combustion chamber.

Background

The existing engines include compression ignition engines and spark ignition engines, and adopt a primary combustion principle, namely when a piston moves upwards to the top position, atomized fuel in a cylinder is combusted to generate mechanical thrust to push the piston to do work. The larger the instantaneous explosion generated by the fuel combustion is, the larger the power output of the engine is, and the higher the instantaneous explosion force is, the higher the compression ratio of the engine is, so that the power performance of the engine is improved by increasing the compression ratio of the engine. However, the existing engine combustion chamber has the following problems: when the piston moves upwards to the top position, the piston connecting rod is positioned on a straight line at this time, the explosion impact force generated at the moment of fuel combustion is directly acted on the crankshaft, so that the engine generates vibration and noise, the higher the compression ratio of the engine is, the higher the compression ratio is, the higher the buffeting is usually accompanied by the obvious increase of the buffeting when the engine works, particularly, the high compression ratio can cause spontaneous combustion and precombustion to cause knocking, so that the engine is powerless and damages mechanical elements. Therefore, the increase of the compression ratio of the engine is severely restricted, and at present, the compression ratio of the diesel engine is limited to about 22, and the compression ratio of the gasoline engine is limited to about 11.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to disclose a high-compression-ratio engine combustion chamber which can prevent explosion impact force generated instantly by oxygen-enriched combustion from directly acting on a crankshaft, can effectively convert the explosion impact force into torque to do work, avoids knocking caused by high compression ratio, can obviously reduce vibration and noise of an engine, and obviously improves the compression ratio of the engine.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the combustion chamber of the engine with high compression ratio comprises a cylinder, a piston arranged in the cylinder, a cylinder cover arranged at the top of the cylinder, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel arranged on the cylinder cover, an air inlet valve arranged in the air inlet channel, and an exhaust valve arranged in the air outlet channel, and is characterized in that: a compressed air bin is arranged in the cylinder cover, and an oxygen-deficient combustion bin with an oil nozzle is arranged in the compressed air bin.

Furthermore, the compressed air bin is in an inverted bottle shape, and a bottle mouth of the compressed air bin is communicated with the air cylinder.

Furthermore, the oxygen-deficient combustion bin is in an inverted bottle shape, and the lower edge of the bottleneck of the oxygen-deficient combustion bin is positioned in the center above the upper edge of the bottleneck of the compressed air bin.

Furthermore, the distance between the lower edge of the bottleneck of the oxygen-deficient combustion bin and the upper edge of the bottleneck of the compressed air bin ensures that the compressed air in the compressed air bin can smoothly flow out during oxygen-enriched combustion to meet the requirement of oxygen-enriched combustion.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can prevent the explosion impact force generated instantly by oxygen-enriched combustion from directly acting on the crankshaft, effectively convert the explosion impact force into torque to do work, avoid knocking caused by high compression ratio, reduce the vibration and noise of the engine by 65 percent, improve the compression ratio of a diesel engine to be more than 26 and improve the compression ratio of a gasoline engine to be more than 18.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in an intake state;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in an oil injection state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lean oxygen combustion state of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in an oxycombustion state.

And (3) iconic marking: 1-cylinder cover, 2-air inlet valve, 3-air inlet channel, 4-compressed air bin, 5-oxygen-poor combustion bin, 6-oil nozzle, 7-air outlet valve, 8-air outlet channel, 9-piston, 10-connecting rod, 11-crankshaft and 12-cylinder.

Detailed Description

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, a particular embodiment thereof will now be described with reference to figures 1 to 4.

The implementation mode is as follows: high compression ratio engine combustion chamber, including cylinder 12, establish piston 9 in cylinder 12, establish cylinder head 1 at cylinder 12 top, establish intake duct 3 and exhaust passage 8 on cylinder head 1, establish the admission valve 2 in intake duct 3, establish exhaust valve 7 in exhaust passage 8, its special character lies in: a compressed air bin 4 is arranged in the cylinder cover 1, and an oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5 with an oil nozzle 6 is arranged in the compressed air bin 4.

The compressed air bin 4 is in an inverted bottle shape, and the bottle mouth of the compressed air bin 4 is communicated with the air cylinder 12.

The oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5 is in an inverted bottle shape, and the lower edge of the bottle mouth of the oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5 is positioned in the center above the upper edge of the bottle mouth of the compressed air bin 4.

The distance between the lower edge of the bottleneck of the oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5 and the upper edge of the bottleneck of the compressed air bin 4 ensures that the compressed air in the compressed air bin 4 can smoothly flow out during oxygen-enriched combustion to meet the requirement of oxygen-enriched combustion.

The working principle and the effect of the invention are as follows: as shown in fig. 1, during air intake, the piston 9 moves downwards, and simultaneously the air intake valve 2 opens, and air enters the cylinder 12 from the air inlet 3; as shown in fig. 2, when the air valve 2 is closed after the piston 9 moves downwards to the lower stop position, and the piston 9 turns from the lower stop position to move upwards, the oil nozzle 6 injects oil to the oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5, the piston 9 moves upwards continuously to press most of air to the compressed air bin 4, and a small part of air is mixed with the injected oil to press to the oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5; when the piston 9 moves up to the upper stop position as shown in fig. 3, the oil mist in the oxygen-poor combustion chamber 5 is compression-ignited, the oxygen in the oxygen-poor combustion chamber 5 is less, the combustion gas enters the cylinder 12 from the bottle mouth of the oxygen-poor combustion chamber 5, although the connecting rod 10 is in a straight line with the crankshaft 11 at the moment, the thrust generated by the oxygen-poor combustion is less, the pressure on the crankshaft 11 is relatively less, and the vibration of the engine is effectively reduced. As shown in FIG. 4, when the oxygen-poor combustion gas enters the cylinder 12 from the bottle mouth of the oxygen-poor combustion bin 5, the oxygen-poor combustion gas is mixed with the compressed air in the compressed air bin 4 to start generating the second combustion, at this time, the thrust generated by the oxygen-poor combustion pushes the cylinder 12 to move downwards beyond the top dead center, the connecting rod 10 and the crankshaft 11 are not in a straight line, and a moment L is formed between the acting point of the connecting rod 10 and the crankshaft 11 when the second combustion starts, so that the explosive impact force generated by the second oxygen-rich combustion is effectively converted into torque to do work. Therefore, knocking and noise caused by high compression ratio can be effectively reduced or avoided, the compression ratio of the diesel engine can be increased to 26, and the compression ratio of the gasoline engine can be increased to more than 18. Because the compression temperature of the high compression ratio is too high, the oil injection advance angle needs to be correspondingly adjusted from 13 degrees before the current top dead center to about 3 degrees before the top dead center. The invention is suitable for diesel engines and oil-injection gasoline engines, and is not suitable for engines which suck combustible gas. In some embodiments, a diesel high compression ratio engine combustion chamber or a gasoline-injected high compression ratio engine combustion chamber.

Example (b): the combustion chamber of the engine with the high compression ratio comprises a cylinder 12, a piston 9 arranged in the cylinder 12, a cylinder cover 1 arranged at the top of the cylinder 12, an air inlet channel 3 and an air outlet channel 8 arranged on the cylinder cover 1, an air inlet valve 2 arranged in the air inlet channel 3, an air outlet valve 7 arranged in the air outlet channel 8, a compressed air bin 4 arranged in the cylinder cover 1, and an oxygen-deficient combustion bin 5 with an oil nozzle 6 arranged in the compressed air bin 4. The compressed air bin 4 is in an inverted bottle shape, and a bottle mouth of the compressed air bin 4 is communicated with the air cylinder 12. The oxygen-poor combustion bin 5 is in an inverted bottle shape, and the lower edge of the bottle mouth of the oxygen-poor combustion bin 5 is positioned in the center above the upper edge of the bottle mouth of the compressed air bin 4. The distance between the lower edge of the bottleneck of the oxygen-poor combustion bin 5 and the upper edge of the bottleneck of the compressed air bin 4 ensures that the compressed air in the compressed air bin 4 can be smoothly sprayed to meet the requirement of oxygen-rich combustion during oxygen-rich combustion.

The utility model provides a test with two testing machines (single cylinder 170 air-cooled diesel engine), original engine compression ratio is 22, one of them reaches through reducing the combustion chamber volume and increases the compression experiment, sound obviously aggravates, because the engine of the present technology all produces violent burning when the piston arrives the top dead center, pressure is the biggest, if compress and press the increase, deflagration is more obvious, produce bigger damage to the organism. Another is modified according to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the piston is 8.0cm, the maximum stroke of the piston is 7.0cm, and the capacity of the oxygen-deficient combustion chamber is 5.0 cm^3,The capacity of the compressed air cabin is 7.0cm³Compression capacity of 13.5 cm³Total inspiratory volume = pi × 42 × 7.0+5.0+7.0=363.86 cm³Compression ratio epsilon = Va/Vc = total suction volume/compression capacity of the cylinder =363.86 × 12= 26.95. After the compression ratio is increased, the upper stop point is sprayed in a smaller space, oxygen is insufficient, combustion is insufficient, violent detonation cannot be generated, and the impulsive force to the crankshaft is smaller. When the oxygen in the high-pressure air bin and the fuel oil which is not fully combusted at high temperature are mixed and jetted, the connecting rod is already positioned at the position of 2-3 points of the hour hand, so that the explosion impact force generated at the moment of oxygen-enriched combustion is prevented from directly acting on the crankshaft, and the explosion impact force generated at the moment of oxygen-enriched combustion pushes the piston to output the maximum torque to do work. Therefore, knocking caused by high compression ratio is avoided, vibration and noise of the engine are reduced by 65%, and the maximum output power is improved to 5.51kw from 5 kw.

While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. High compression ratio engine combustion chamber, including the cylinder, establish the piston in the cylinder, establish the cylinder head at the cylinder top, establish intake duct and the exhaust passage on the cylinder head, establish the admission valve in the intake duct, establish the exhaust valve in the exhaust passage, its characterized in that: a compressed air bin is arranged in the cylinder cover, and an oxygen-deficient combustion bin with an oil nozzle is arranged in the compressed air bin.

2. The high compression ratio engine combustion chamber of claim 1, characterized in that: the compressed air bin is in an inverted bottle shape, and a bottle mouth of the compressed air bin is communicated with the air cylinder.

3. The high compression ratio engine combustion chamber of claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen-poor combustion bin is in an inverted bottle shape, and the lower edge of the bottle mouth of the oxygen-poor combustion bin is positioned in the center above the upper edge of the bottle mouth of the compressed air bin.

4. The high compression ratio engine combustion chamber of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the lower edge of the bottleneck of the oxygen-poor combustion bin and the upper edge of the bottleneck of the compressed air bin ensures that the compressed air in the compressed air bin can smoothly flow out during oxygen-enriched combustion to meet the requirement of oxygen-enriched combustion.