CN112523791B - Annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing rock wall in highway small clear distance tunnel - Google Patents
Annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing rock wall in highway small clear distance tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523791B CN112523791B CN202011560349.2A CN202011560349A CN112523791B CN 112523791 B CN112523791 B CN 112523791B CN 202011560349 A CN202011560349 A CN 202011560349A CN 112523791 B CN112523791 B CN 112523791B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing a rock wall in a highway small clear distance tunnel, which consists of a plurality of groups of annular anchor rope structures anchored on two side surfaces of the middle rock wall, wherein one group of annular anchor rope structures comprises 2 annular anchor ropes and 1 cross anchor rope connector, the 2 annular anchor ropes are arranged in a crisscross manner, and the 4 ends of the 2 anchor ropes are anchored together by the cross anchor rope connector to form 1 group of annular anchor rope structures. The annular anchor cable supporting system overcomes the problems of approximate point load, high supporting density, partial extrusion, complex installation, large material consumption and the like of the traditional anchor cable supporting, has wide supporting range, can effectively control the deformation of two sides of a middle rock wall, is suitable for reinforcing the rock wall in a small-clear-distance tunnel, has strong practicability and is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an annular anchor rope support system for reinforcing a rock wall in a highway small clear distance tunnel, which is particularly suitable for supporting the rock wall in the highway tunnel.
Background
The high-grade highway tunnel is generally an independent double-hole with separated up and down, the double-hole is often designed according to the principle that no harmful effect is generated between the double-hole and the double-hole, so that the minimum clear distance is ensured, but other condition limitations exist in actual engineering, and a small clear distance tunnel or even a joint arch tunnel is inevitably adopted, so that sufficient technical demonstration needs to be made, and reliable technical guarantee measures are formulated. At present, many scholars develop related researches on various small clear-distance tunnels. The small clear distance tunnel is a structural form between the common separated tunnel and the multi-arch tunnel, and is not limited by the terrain condition and the overall line type, and compared with the integrated tunnel, the construction process is simple, the waterproof treatment is easy, the manufacturing cost is easy to control, and the adopted engineering example has the rapid increasing potential. However, the small clear distance tunnel is a novel structural form, and no enough design and construction experience exists at present. The thickness of the rock wall in the small clear distance tunnel is far smaller than that of a common separation tunnel, and the rock wall is disturbed for many times in the construction process, so that the stability of surrounding rock and the stress of a supporting structure are complex. The stability of the rock-clamping wall in the small clear-distance tunnel is important to ensure construction and operation, and is important in design, monitoring and measurement.
The anchor rod cable support is widely applied to small-clear-distance tunnels, good support reinforcing effect is achieved, and stability of surrounding rocks of the tunnels is guaranteed. When the rock-soil body is broken, the grouting reinforcement combined use also obtains good reinforcement effect. In recent years, many tunnels attempt to change the anchor rod into the anchor cable, and the supporting effect of the anchor rod is obviously better than that of the anchor rod and the anchor cable combined supporting. However, problems have also been found during the use of the cable bolt, which is summarised in the following points: ① The breaking load of the anchor cable body is smaller and is equivalent to that of the high-strength anchor rod, the characteristics of large anchor force and strong bearing capacity of the anchor cable cannot be fully reflected, and the breaking phenomenon often occurs; ② Because the strength of the anchor cable body is low, the applied prestress level is low, so that the acting range of the prestress of the anchor cable is small, the functions of controlling the separation layer and sliding of a rock-soil body are poor, and the anchor cable is especially so when the anchor cable is longer; ③ The method is lack of enough knowledge of the prestress loss of the anchor cable, particularly for penetrating the anchor cable, the anchor cable is only tensioned to a designed prestress value during construction, and the actual prestress value of the anchor cable is obviously lower than the tensioning value due to the prestress loss, so that the design requirement cannot be met, and the anchor cable supporting effect is seriously affected; ④ The action of the surface protection components such as the supporting plate, the steel belt, the steel beam and the like which are matched with the anchor cable is not emphasized, so that the prestress diffusion effect of the anchor cable is poor. The invention provides an annular anchor cable supporting system for reinforcing a rock wall in a highway small clear distance tunnel based on instability of the rock wall in the small clear distance tunnel so as to improve the overall supporting strength of the rock wall.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the limitations of the existing supporting technology, and provides an annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing a rock wall in a small-clear-distance tunnel of a highway, so that the defects of the traditional anchor rope supporting structure can be overcome, and the cooperative supporting capability of anchor rope nets on two sides of the middle rock wall is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing the rock wall in the highway small clear distance tunnel consists of a plurality of groups of annular anchor rope structures anchored on the two side surfaces of the middle rock wall, wherein one group of annular anchor rope structures comprises 2 annular anchor ropes and 1 cross anchor rope connector, the 2 annular anchor ropes are arranged in a cross form, and the 4 ends of the 2 anchor ropes are anchored together by the cross anchor rope connector to form 1 group of annular anchor rope structures.
Preferably, one of the 2 annular anchor cables is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the other annular anchor cable is arranged in a vertical direction.
Preferably, the installation steps of the group of annular anchor cable structures are as follows:
The first step: in the tunnel construction process, two horizontal drilling holes are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the middle rock wall and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall; more preferably, the drilling interval is 1500 mm-3000 mm, and the drilling diameter is 75 mm-120 mm;
And a second step of: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of horizontal drilling interval and +2 times of middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm) of the 1 st anchor cable; installing the 1 st anchor cable, inserting one end of the 1 st anchor cable into the left horizontal drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the right horizontal drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
And a third step of: in the tunnel construction process, two vertical drilling holes are arranged on the side surface of the middle rock wall and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, the distance between the upper drilling hole and the upper edge of the middle rock wall and the distance between the lower drilling hole and the lower edge of the middle rock wall are 300-500 mm, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall; the two horizontal drilling holes and the two vertical drilling holes are arranged in a crisscross manner; more preferably, the drilling pitch = medium rock wall height-2× (300 mm-500 mm), the drilling diameter is 75 mm-120 mm.
Fourth step: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of the drilling interval +2 times of the middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm); installing a2 nd anchor cable, inserting one end of the anchor cable into the upper drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the lower drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
Fifth step: on a middle rock wall, inserting two ends of an anchor cable in the horizontal direction into cross anchor cable connectors, simultaneously tensioning and pre-tightening by adopting a tensioning jack, wherein the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and forming an annular extrusion closed stress ring in the horizontal direction; then inserting two ends of the anchor cable in the vertical direction into cross-shaped anchor cable connectors, simultaneously tensioning and pre-tightening by adopting a tensioning jack, wherein the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and forming an annular extrusion closed stress ring in the vertical direction;
Sixth section: and (3) after the annular anchor cable structure is arranged on the tunneling working face, grouting the middle rock wall.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
The annular anchor cable supporting system for reinforcing the rock wall in the small-clear-distance tunnel of the highway has the advantages of ingenious structure, wide supporting range, capability of effectively controlling the deformation of two sides of the middle rock wall, suitability for reinforcing the rock wall in the small-clear-distance tunnel, simplicity in manufacture, convenience in maintenance and strong practicality, and particularly has the following advantages:
(1) By adopting the crisscross annular anchor cable structure, the two sides of the middle rock wall are compressed in the whole free-face surrounding range, and the defect that the prior straight-line opposite-penetrating anchor cable can only form an axial approximate point load compressive stress region is overcome. The two hoop stress areas are mutually overlapped, so that three-way extrusion stress is formed in the wall body, the mechanical property and parameters of the middle rock wall are improved, the stability of the middle rock wall is enhanced, and the peak strength and the residual strength of the middle rock wall are greatly improved;
(2) The annular anchor cable supporting system overcomes the problems of approximate point load, high supporting density, partial extrusion, complex installation, large material consumption and the like of the traditional anchor cable supporting;
(3) The extrusion annular stress areas formed by the annular anchor cable supporting system are mutually combined, so that the development of the plastic area and the crushing area in the middle rock wall is controlled, the development of cracks in the middle rock wall is limited, the stability of the middle rock wall is maintained, the integrity of a surrounding rock structure is improved, and the effect is quite obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a middle rock wall of a highway small clear distance tunnel in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arrangement of annular anchor lines on one side of a middle rock wall in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of an annular anchor cable on the other side face of the middle rock wall in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-a highway small clear distance tunnel; 2-middle rock wall; 3-drilling; 4, arranging anchor cables in the horizontal direction; 5-arranging anchor cables in the vertical direction; 6-cross anchor cable coupler.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The annular anchor cable supporting system for reinforcing the rock wall in the highway small clear distance tunnel as shown in fig. 1-3 is composed of a plurality of groups of annular anchor cable structures anchored on the two side surfaces of the middle rock wall 2, wherein one group of annular anchor cable structures comprises 2 annular anchor cables and 1 cross anchor cable connector 6, the 2 annular anchor cables are arranged in a cross form, and the 4 ends of the 2 anchor cables are anchored together by the cross anchor cable connector to form 1 group of annular anchor cable structures.
One of the 2 annular anchor cables is horizontally arranged, the anchor cable 4 is horizontally arranged, the other anchor cable 5 is vertically arranged.
The installation steps of the group of annular anchor cable structures are as follows:
The first step: in the tunnel construction process, two horizontal drilling holes 3 are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the middle rock wall 2 of the highway small clear distance tunnel 1 and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, the drilling hole spacing is 1500 mm-3000 mm, the drilling hole diameter is 75 mm-120 mm, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall;
And a second step of: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of horizontal drilling interval and +2 times of middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm) of the 1 st anchor cable; installing the 1 st anchor cable, inserting one end of the 1 st anchor cable into the left horizontal drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the right horizontal drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
And a third step of: in the tunnel construction process, two vertical drilling holes 3 are arranged on the side surface of the middle rock wall and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, the distance between the upper drilling hole and the upper edge of the middle rock wall and the distance between the lower drilling hole and the lower edge of the middle rock wall are 300-500 mm, the drilling interval = the height of the middle rock wall-2 x (300-500 mm), the drilling diameter is 75-120 mm, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall; the two horizontal drilling holes and the two vertical drilling holes are arranged in a crisscross manner;
fourth step: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of the drilling interval +2 times of the middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm); installing a2 nd anchor cable, inserting one end of the anchor cable into the upper drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the lower drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
Fifth step: on a middle rock wall, two ends of an anchor cable in the horizontal direction are inserted into cross anchor cable connectors 6, tensioning jacks are adopted for simultaneous tensioning and pre-tightening, the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and a ring-shaped extrusion closed stress ring in the horizontal direction is formed; then inserting two ends of the anchor cable in the vertical direction into the cross-shaped anchor cable connector 6, simultaneously tensioning and pre-tightening by adopting a tensioning jack, wherein the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and forming an annular extrusion closed stress ring in the vertical direction;
Sixth section: and (3) after the annular anchor cable structure is arranged on the tunneling working face, grouting the middle rock wall.
In the process of installing a plurality of groups of annular anchor cables, the arrangement angles of the anchor cables can be adjusted according to tunnel engineering conditions, and the annular extrusion stress distribution area formed by the annular anchor cables is more uniform than the stress area formed by the linear opposite-pulling anchor cables, so that the method is very beneficial to supporting the rock wall and is relatively convenient to construct.
The annular anchor cable supporting system for reinforcing the rock wall in the small-clear-distance tunnel of the highway has the advantages of ingenious structure, wide supporting range, capability of effectively controlling the deformation of two sides of the middle rock wall, suitability for reinforcing the rock wall in the small-clear-distance tunnel, simplicity in manufacture, convenience in maintenance and strong practicality, and particularly has the following advantages:
(1) By adopting the crisscross annular anchor cable structure, the two sides of the middle rock wall are compressed in the whole free-face surrounding range, and the defect that the prior straight-line opposite-penetrating anchor cable can only form an axial approximate point load compressive stress region is overcome. The two hoop stress areas are mutually overlapped, so that three-way extrusion stress is formed in the wall body, the mechanical property and parameters of the middle rock wall are improved, the stability of the middle rock wall is enhanced, and the peak strength and the residual strength of the middle rock wall are greatly improved;
(2) The annular anchor cable supporting system overcomes the problems of approximate point load, high supporting density, partial extrusion, complex installation, large material consumption and the like of the traditional anchor cable supporting;
(3) The extrusion annular stress areas formed by the annular anchor cable supporting system are mutually combined, so that the development of the plastic area and the crushing area in the middle rock wall is controlled, the development of cracks in the middle rock wall is limited, the stability of the middle rock wall is maintained, the integrity of a surrounding rock structure is improved, and the effect is quite obvious.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (3)
1. The annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing the rock wall in the highway small clear distance tunnel is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of annular anchor rope structures anchored on the two side surfaces of the middle rock wall, wherein one group of annular anchor rope structures comprises 2 annular anchor ropes and 1 cross anchor rope connector, the 2 annular anchor ropes are arranged in a crisscross form, 4 ends of the 2 anchor ropes are anchored together by the cross anchor rope connector to form 1 group of annular anchor rope structures, one of the 2 annular anchor ropes is arranged in a horizontal direction, the other annular anchor rope structure is arranged in a vertical direction, and the installation steps of the group of annular anchor rope structures are as follows:
The first step: in the tunnel construction process, two horizontal drilling holes are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the middle rock wall and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall;
And a second step of: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of horizontal drilling interval and +2 times of middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm) of the 1 st anchor cable; installing the 1 st anchor cable, inserting one end of the 1 st anchor cable into the left horizontal drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the right horizontal drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
And a third step of: in the tunnel construction process, two vertical drilling holes are arranged on the side surface of the middle rock wall and perpendicular to the middle rock wall, the distance between the upper drilling hole and the upper edge of the middle rock wall and the distance between the lower drilling hole and the lower edge of the middle rock wall are 300-500 mm, and the drilling holes penetrate through the middle rock wall; the two horizontal drilling holes and the two vertical drilling holes are arranged in a crisscross manner;
fourth step: selecting a large-diameter prestressed anchor cable or anchor cable bundle, and designing the length L=2 times of the drilling interval +2 times of the middle rock wall width +2× (200 mm-300 mm); installing a2 nd anchor cable, inserting one end of the anchor cable into the upper drilling hole, pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall, inserting the other end of the anchor cable into the lower drilling hole, and pushing the anchor cable to pass through the drilling hole to the other side surface of the middle rock wall;
Fifth step: on a middle rock wall, inserting two ends of an anchor cable in the horizontal direction into cross anchor cable connectors, simultaneously tensioning and pre-tightening by adopting a tensioning jack, wherein the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and forming an annular extrusion closed stress ring in the horizontal direction; then inserting two ends of the anchor cable in the vertical direction into cross-shaped anchor cable connectors, simultaneously tensioning and pre-tightening by adopting a tensioning jack, wherein the pre-tightening force reaches 50% -70% of the tensile strength of the anchor cable, and forming an annular extrusion closed stress ring in the vertical direction;
Sixth section: and (3) after the annular anchor cable structure is arranged on the tunneling working face, grouting the middle rock wall.
2. The annular cable support system of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the drill holes have a pitch of 1500mm to 3000mm and a diameter of 75mm to 120mm.
3. The annular cable support system of claim 1, wherein in the third step, the drill hole spacing is 1500mm to 3000mm and the drill hole diameter is 75mm to 120mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011560349.2A CN112523791B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing rock wall in highway small clear distance tunnel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011560349.2A CN112523791B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Annular anchor rope supporting system for reinforcing rock wall in highway small clear distance tunnel |
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| CN112523791A CN112523791A (en) | 2021-03-19 |
| CN112523791B true CN112523791B (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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| CN114086983B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-08-15 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Combined reinforcing system for weak middle rock wall of super-large section bifurcation tunnel |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1230151A (en) * | 1958-06-25 | 1960-09-14 | California Research Corp | Method and apparatus for anchoring works at sea |
| CN1594835A (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-03-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Three dimensional anchor cable bolting technology in heading |
| CN102704967A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 严红 | A structure and method for preventing collapse of chamber roof with crossed big sections |
| CN203145974U (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-08-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Crosswise-arranged U-shaped through anchor coal and rock pillar supporting device |
| CN205189893U (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Be used for a lane coal column to wearing reinforced (rfd) supporting construction |
| CN205477660U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 | Little clean apart from tunnel in rock pillar reinforcerment system |
-
2020
- 2020-12-25 CN CN202011560349.2A patent/CN112523791B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1230151A (en) * | 1958-06-25 | 1960-09-14 | California Research Corp | Method and apparatus for anchoring works at sea |
| CN1594835A (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-03-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Three dimensional anchor cable bolting technology in heading |
| CN102704967A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 严红 | A structure and method for preventing collapse of chamber roof with crossed big sections |
| CN203145974U (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-08-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Crosswise-arranged U-shaped through anchor coal and rock pillar supporting device |
| CN205189893U (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Be used for a lane coal column to wearing reinforced (rfd) supporting construction |
| CN205477660U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-08-17 | 中铁十九局集团轨道交通工程有限公司 | Little clean apart from tunnel in rock pillar reinforcerment system |
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