CN112523769B

CN112523769B - TBM cutter head and TBM

Info

Publication number: CN112523769B
Application number: CN202011417965.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄继敏; 刘飞香; 王永; 程永亮; 李东锋; 彭正阳; 巫敏; 唐崇茂; 肖京; 柯威; 张强
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd; Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd; Sinohydro Bureau 3 Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-07
Filing date: 2020-12-07
Publication date: 2023-02-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-07
Also published as: CN112523769A

Abstract

The invention discloses a TBM cutter head and a TBM, wherein the TBM cutter head comprises: the TBM cutter comprises a cutter head body, an edge block and a middle block, wherein the cutter head body is used for being connected with a main drive of the TBM, the edge block is provided with an edge cutter body, and the edge block is rotatably arranged on the cutter head body so as to change the angle of the edge cutter body by turning over the edge block; the middle block is provided with a middle cutter body and is detachably arranged in the middle part of the cutter head body. When the middle block is fixedly connected with the cutter head body and the side blocks are in a plane state, the TBM cutter head is in a plane structure, and TBM of the TBM cutter head is applied for horizontal tunneling; when the middle block is dismantled and the side blocks are turned over to a certain angle, the TBM cutter head is of a conical surface structure, the TBM using the TBM cutter head can be used for tunneling an inclined tunnel or a vertical tunnel, and the TBM cutter head can adapt to tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles. This TBM includes above-mentioned TBM blade disc, has above-mentioned beneficial effect.

Description

TBM cutter head and TBM

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a TBM cutter head. In addition, the invention also relates to the TBM comprising the TBM cutterhead.

Background

In technical field such as colliery and hydraulic engineering, adopt TBM to carry out tunnel construction usually, according to engineering demand difference, divide into horizontal tunnel, inclined tunnel and three kinds of forms of vertical tunnel with the tunnel usually, correspondingly, to the tunnel of each form, can all adopt the current tunnelling equipment to single tunnel form to excavate it.

However, in the prior art, when a tunnel with more than two types of combination needs to be constructed, more than two different types of heading machines need to be adopted for construction.

For example, for a tunnel combining a horizontal tunnel and an inclined tunnel, when the horizontal tunnel is constructed, a conventional full-face rock tunnel boring machine needs to be adopted for construction, and when the inclined tunnel is constructed, a corresponding TBM needs to be adopted for construction from bottom to top so as to facilitate slag discharge.

Obviously, the tunnel construction is carried out by more than two sets of TBM equipment, the cost is high, and in the butt joint process, a huge dismantling chamber needs to be excavated, so that the dismantling engineering quantity in the tunnel is huge, and the engineering period is long, the engineering efficiency is low, and the economic benefit is poor.

Therefore, how to make a set of TBM equipment meet the excavation requirements of tunnels of different forms is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a TBM cutterhead capable of meeting tunnel excavation requirements of different forms and different inclination angles.

The invention also aims to provide the TBM comprising the TBM cutterhead, which can be used for excavating combined tunnels with different forms and different inclination angles, so that the engineering period is shortened, and the engineering efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a TBM cutter head comprises a cutter head body, an edge block and a middle block, wherein the cutter head body is used for being connected with a main drive of a TBM, the edge block is provided with an edge cutter body, and the edge block is rotatably arranged on the cutter head body so as to change the angle of the edge cutter body by overturning the edge block; the middle block is provided with a middle cutter body, and the middle block is detachably arranged in the middle of the cutter head body.

Preferably, when the edge block rotates in place, the edge block is connected with the cutter head body through a detachable fastener.

Preferably, the middle block is detachably connected with the side blocks through bolts.

Preferably, the turning angle of the side block ranges from 0 to 90 degrees.

The TBM comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is any one of the TBM cutter heads, and a cutter head body of the TBM cutter head is connected with a main drive of the TBM.

Preferably, when the TBM is tunneled horizontally, the edge blocks of the TBM cutterhead are planes, and the middle blocks of the TBM cutterhead are fixedly connected with the cutterhead body, so that the TBM cutterhead is of a plane structure.

Preferably, when the TBM tunnels vertically or obliquely, the middle block is detached, and the edge blocks are turned over to a preset angle and then fixedly connected with the cutter head body, so that the TBM cutter head is in a conical structure.

Preferably, the TBM is a pilot combined TBM, and the TBM further comprises a pilot tunneling machine, wherein the pilot tunneling machine is inserted into a middle hole of the TBM after the middle block is removed from the TBM cutter head.

Preferably, the TBM is a combined TBM for pilot shaft drilling, so that muck excavated by the TBM cutterhead slides out through a guide hole excavated in advance.

Preferably, the belt conveyor of the TBM is adjustable or removable in position.

The TBM cutterhead provided by the invention can be in different structural states through the detachable connection of the middle block and the cutterhead body and the rotatable connection of the side block and the cutterhead body, the middle block is fixedly connected with the cutterhead body, and the TBM cutterhead is in a planar structure when the side block is in a planar state, and at the moment, a horizontal tunnel can be tunneled by using the TBM of the TBM cutterhead; when the middle block is dismantled and the side blocks are turned over to a certain angle, the TBM cutter head is of a conical surface structure, at the moment, the TBM applying the TBM cutter head can tunnel an inclined tunnel or a vertical tunnel, namely, the TBM cutter head can adapt to tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles.

The TBM provided by the invention comprises the TBM cutter head, and the TBM cutter head can adapt to tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles, so that tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles can be realized through one set of TBM, the cost is low, the engineering period is short, and the engineering efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a TBM cutterhead in a planar configuration, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

figure 3 is a front view of a TBM cutterhead of a conical configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention during horizontal tunneling;

figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a pilot TBM as it is being run into a deviated well according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a combination TBM as it is being deviated drilled while leading the well according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 7 are as follows:

the device comprises a cutter head 1, an edge block 11, a middle block 12, a cutter head body 13, a main drive 2, a shield 3, a rear matching system 4, an anti-slip device 5, a belt conveyor 6, a slag car 7, a pilot heading machine 8 and a guide hole 9.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the invention is to provide a TBM cutter head which can meet the requirements of tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles. The invention also provides the TBM comprising the TBM cutterhead, which can be used for excavating combined tunnels with different forms and different inclination angles, so that the engineering period is shortened, and the engineering efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

Referring to fig. 1-6, fig. 1 is a front view of a TBM cutter head in a planar structure; FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a front view of a TBM cutter head in a conical configuration; FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a TBM during horizontal tunneling; FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a pilot-combined TBM during deviated well drilling; figure 7 is a schematic representation of a combination TBM being steered for slant drilling.

The invention provides a TBM cutter head which mainly comprises a cutter head body 13, an edge block 11, a middle block 12 and the like.

Specifically, the cutterhead body 13 is used for being connected with the main drive 2 of the TBM, and the cutterhead body 13 mainly plays a role in bearing and transmitting the rotary driving force of the main drive 2.

The edge block 11 is used for arranging an edge cutter body, preferably, the edge block 11 is provided with a cutter beam, the cutter beam is provided with a cutter holder, and the edge cutter body is fixedly arranged on the cutter holder.

It will be appreciated that in order to achieve a better excavation effect on the excavated section, the edge cutters are preferably radially arranged along the TBM cutter to enable a more complete excavation of the excavated section when the main drive 2 rotates the TBM cutter.

More importantly, the edge block 11 is rotatably connected with the cutter head body 13 so as to change the angle of the edge cutter body by turning over the edge block 11.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, when a TBM performs excavation of an inclined shaft or a vertical shaft, slag removal needs to be performed through a central slag discharging channel, therefore, the invention mainly changes the overall shape of the edge cutter body by turning over the edge block 11, for example, the edge cutter body is integrally of a planar structure or a conical structure, when the edge cutter body is integrally of a conical structure, an excavation surface and the central slag discharging channel can form a certain angle, so that slag can be collected to the center by self weight, and then slag is discharged through a belt conveyor or a pilot hole, thereby solving the problems of accumulation of the slag and difficult slag removal due to the self weight of a large-inclination angle or vertical shaft excavation cutter disc; when the edge cutter body is integrally of a plane structure, horizontal tunneling can be carried out; that is, this TBM blade disc can adapt to different forms and different inclination's tunnel.

The invention does not limit the specific connection structure of the edge block 11 and the cutter head body 13, as long as the edge block 11 can rotate relative to the cutter head body 13.

Obviously, the turning direction of the edge block 11 is towards the side where the edge blade body is located.

Preferably, the turning angle of the side block 11 ranges from 0 ° to 90 °.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when the edge block 11 is turned over, the edge block 11 needs to be fixed to the cutter head body 13 to ensure that the position of the edge block 11 remains unchanged, so as to ensure stable excavation of the tunnel at a preset angle.

The invention does not specifically limit the turning mode of the edge block 11 and the fixing mode when the edge block 11 is turned in place, and a person skilled in the art can select the conventional technical means for realizing turning driving and fixed connection according to actual needs.

Preferably, when the edge block 11 is rotated to the proper position, the edge block 11 is connected with the cutter head body 13 through a detachable fastener. For example, the fastener may be a screw connection assembly or the like.

That is, the preferred embodiment realizes the fixation of the edge block 11 and the cutter head body 13 through a fastener, so as to keep the position of the edge block 11 constant when the edge block 11 rotates to the right position; when the edge block 11 needs to be turned over and the angle of the edge cutter body is changed, only the fastener needs to be removed, and the edge block 11 rotates relative to the cutter head body 13; when the edge block 11 rotates in place, the edge block 11 is fixedly connected with the cutter head body 13.

It can be seen that the mechanical connection of the edge block 11 and the cutter head body 13 is realized through the fastener in the embodiment, the structure is stable, and the stability of excavation is ensured.

In addition, the middle block 12 is located in the middle of the cutter head body 13 and used for arranging a middle cutter body, the middle block 12 is detachably connected with the cutter head body 13, preferably, the middle block 12 is detachably connected with the cutter head body 13 through the edge block 11, that is, the middle block 12 is detachably connected with the edge block 11, and the edge block 11 is fixedly connected with the cutter head body 13 after rotating in place.

It will be appreciated that when the side blocks 11 are in the planar condition the intermediate block 12 is fixedly connected to the side blocks 11 so that the intermediate and edge cutters form a full face cutter for full face excavation in the case of a TBM for horizontal tunnelling.

When the TBM needs to carry out inclined tunneling or vertical tunneling, the edge block 11 needs to be turned over, the angle of the edge cutter body is changed, the excavation surface of the TBM cutter head is made to be conical, and at the moment, the middle block 12 needs to be detached from the edge block, so that the edge block 11 can be turned over conveniently.

In consideration of the convenience of detachably coupling the middle block 12 to the side block 11, it is preferable that the middle block 12 is detachably coupled to the side block 11 by a bolt.

Therefore, the TBM cutterhead provided by the invention can be in different structural states through the detachable connection of the middle block 12 and the cutterhead body 13 and the rotatable connection of the side block 11 and the cutterhead body 13, the middle block 12 is fixedly connected with the cutterhead body 13, and the side block 11 is in a plane state, the TBM cutterhead is in a plane structure, and at the moment, the TBM of the TBM cutterhead can be used for tunneling a horizontal tunnel; when the middle block 12 is removed and the side blocks 11 are turned over to a certain angle, the TBM cutterhead is of a conical surface structure, and at the moment, the TBM applying the TBM cutterhead can tunnel an inclined tunnel or a vertical tunnel, namely, the TBM cutterhead can adapt to tunnel excavation in different forms and different inclination angles.

When the TBM using the TBM cutterhead is used for inclined excavation or vertical excavation, in order to facilitate the collection of the muck into the central guide hole 9, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the TBM cutterhead further comprises a slag scraping device for scraping the muck into the guide hole 9.

It can be understood that the TBM cutterhead is suitable for a combined TBM for pilot shaft drilling, the guide hole 9 is excavated in advance before the combined TBM is inclined or vertically driven, and when the combined TBM is inclined or vertically driven, the muck is scraped to the guide hole 9 by the aid of a slag scraping device, enters the guide hole 9, falls into a bottom roadway by self weight, and is transported out by a transport vehicle.

It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the slag scraping device, and those skilled in the art can refer to the prior art.

In addition to the above TBM cutterhead, the present invention also provides a TBM including the TBM cutterhead disclosed in the above embodiments, and the structure of other parts of the TBM refers to the prior art, which is not specifically limited herein.

For example, the TBM further comprises a main drive 2, a shield 3, a rear support system 4, an anti-skid device 5, a belt conveyor 6, a slag car 7 and the like.

Specifically, a cutter head body 13 of the TBM cutter head is connected with a main drive 2, and the main drive 2 is mainly used for providing power for excavating rock and soil for the TBM cutter head; the main drive 2 is arranged in a shield body 3, the rear part of the shield body 3 is connected with a rear matching system 4, and the rear matching system 4 is provided with electric and hydraulic equipment required by the TBM during operation; the anti-slide device 5 is arranged on the rear matching system 4 and used for stabilizing the rear matching system 4 and preventing slide; a belt conveyor 6 passes through the inside of the shield body 3 and is used for transferring rock slag generated by the excavation of the TBM cutterhead to a slag car 7 so as to convey the rock slag out of the hole through the slag car 7.

The key point of the embodiment is that the TBM cutter head disclosed by any one embodiment is applied to the TBM, and the TBM cutter head can adapt to tunnel excavation of different forms and different inclination angles, so that the tunnel excavation of different forms and different inclination angles can be realized through one set of TBM, the cost is low, the engineering period is short, and the engineering efficiency and the economic benefit are improved.

It can be understood that when the TBM needs to be horizontally tunneled, the side block 11 of the TBM cutterhead is a plane, and the middle block 12 of the TBM cutterhead is fixedly connected with the cutterhead body 13, so that the TBM cutterhead is in a plane structure.

At the moment, the construction mode of the TBM is the same as that of a conventional full-face rock tunnel boring machine in the prior art, and excavated muck is transported out of a tunnel through a belt conveyor 6 and a mucking truck 7.

In addition, when the TBM needs to perform vertical tunneling or inclined tunneling, the middle block 12 is removed, and the edge block 11 is turned to a preset angle and then fixedly connected with a cutter head body 13 of the TBM, so that the TBM cutter head is in a conical structure.

At the moment, the excavation surface of the TBM cutter head is a conical surface, so that rock slag can slide from the dead weight to the center conveniently.

In this case, the TBM may be a pilot combined TBM, and further includes a pilot tunneling machine 8, where the pilot tunneling machine 8 is inserted into a middle hole of the TBM after the middle block 12 is removed from the cutterhead.

Namely, after the edge blocks 11 are turned and positioned, the pilot tunneling machine 8 is installed in the middle hole area of the TBM cutter head, the pilot tunneling machine 8 is used for excavating the pilot hole 9, rock soil excavated by the TBM cutter head falls into the rear part of the pilot tunneling machine 8, then the rock soil is transported to the slag car 7 through the belt conveyor 6, and finally the rock soil is transported out of the hole through the slag car 7.

Of course, when the TBM performs vertical tunneling or inclined tunneling, the following scheme may be adopted, where the TBM is a combined TBM for shaft guiding drilling, so that the muck excavated by the cutter head of the TBM slides out through the guide hole 9 excavated in advance.

That is to say, before vertical excavation or inclined excavation, the guide hole 9 is excavated in advance, then the TBM is adopted for inclined or vertical excavation, and in the process, the slag scraping device can be used for assisting in scraping the slag soil to the guide hole 9, so that the slag soil enters the guide hole 9, falls into a bottom roadway by self weight, and is transported out by a transport vehicle.

In order to facilitate the switching of the TBM between horizontal and vertical, inclined tunnelling, on the basis of the above described embodiment, the position of the belt conveyor 6 of the TBM is adjustable or removable.

It will be appreciated that in the case of vertical or inclined excavation using the pilot TBM, the position of the belt conveyor 6 is adjustable so that by adjusting the position of the belt conveyor 6, the belt conveyor 6 is moved to the rear of the pilot tunnel boring machine 8 to facilitate conveying of the slag when the pilot TBM is performing vertical or inclined excavation.

When the combined TBM adopting the pilot shaft drilling to perform vertical or inclined tunneling, the belt conveyor 6 can be detached, and when the combined TBM adopting the pilot shaft drilling to perform vertical or inclined tunneling, the muck excavated by the TBM cutter head slips out through the guide hole 9 excavated in advance, so that the belt conveyor 6 is not needed to transport, and the belt conveyor 6 can be detached at the moment, thereby providing a larger space for equipment personnel and material transportation.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The TBM cutter head and the TBM provided by the present invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The TBM comprises a cutter head (1), and is characterized in that the cutter head (1) is a TBM cutter head, the TBM cutter head comprises a cutter head body (13), an edge block (11) and a middle block (12), the cutter head body (13) is used for being connected with a main drive of the TBM, the edge block (11) is provided with an edge cutter body, the edge block (11) is rotatably arranged on the cutter head body (13), and the angle of the edge cutter body is changed by overturning the edge block (11); the middle block (12) is provided with a middle cutter body, and the middle block (12) is detachably arranged in the middle of the cutter head body (13);

when the TBM is tunneled horizontally, the side blocks (11) of the TBM cutter head are planes, and the middle block (12) of the TBM cutter head is fixedly connected with the cutter head body (13), so that the TBM cutter head is of a plane structure;

when the TBM tunnels vertically or obliquely, the middle block (12) is detached, and the edge block (11) is turned to a preset angle and then is fixedly connected with the cutter head body (13), so that the TBM cutter head is in a conical structure.

2. The TBM of claim 1 characterised in that when the side block (11) is rotated into position, the side block (11) is connected to the cutterhead body (13) by releasable fasteners.

3. The TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle block (12) is detachably connected to the side blocks (11) by bolts.

4. The TBM according to any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the rollover angle of the side blocks (11) ranges from 0 ° to 90 °.

5. The TBM of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the TBM is a pilot-combined TBM, and further comprising a pilot-driven boring machine (8), wherein the pilot-driven boring machine (8) is inserted into a middle hole of the TBM cutterhead after the middle block (12) is removed.

6. The TBM of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the TBM is a pilot-drilled modular TBM such that debris excavated by the TBM cutterhead is slung out through a pilot hole (9) excavated in advance.

7. A TBM according to any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the position of the belt conveyor (6) of the TBM is adjustable or removable.