CN112523169B - A waterproof sealing system for concrete structure - Google Patents

A waterproof sealing system for concrete structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112523169B
CN112523169B CN202011337578.8A CN202011337578A CN112523169B CN 112523169 B CN112523169 B CN 112523169B CN 202011337578 A CN202011337578 A CN 202011337578A CN 112523169 B CN112523169 B CN 112523169B
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waterproof
caulking
concrete
component
sealing material
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CN112523169A (en
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张燕红
张学磊
佘安宇
杨旭辉
王玉美
白慧
焦振峰
宫祥怡
孙庆涛
王志勇
侯艳艳
王志刚
牛津剑
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Henan Branch Of China South To North Water Transfer Group Middle Route Co ltd
Zhengzhou Silande New Material Technology Co ltd
Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Silande High Technology Co ltd
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Henan Branch Of Construction And Administration Bureau Of South-To-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project
Zhengzhou Silande New Material Technology Co ltd
Zhengzhou Zhongyuan Silande High Technology Co ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L81/04—Polysulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2262—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Abstract

The present application provides a waterproof sealing system for a concrete structure, comprising: a base layer applied to a caulked bonding surface between concrete structures; a layer of caulked waterproof elastomeric sealing material applied to the substrate layer; wherein the caulk waterproof elastomeric sealing material layer is made from a waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprising: liquid polysulfide rubber and a crosslinking agent. The waterproof sealing system improves the durability of the water pressure bearing of the caulking waterproof part, is suitable for improving the condition that the project needs frequent maintenance due to large bonding strength attenuation of the existing caulking sealing elastic material under the working condition of long-term soaking, and improves the quality of the waterproof project. The waterproof engineering mainly refers to hydraulic engineering and also comprises other engineering such as tunnels, bridges, roads, sewage treatment pools, channels and the like.

Description

A waterproof sealing system for concrete structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sealing and waterproofing system for a concrete structure, in particular to a sealing and waterproofing system for a concrete structure in water conservancy engineering.
Background
The caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is an important constituent unit of a waterproof sealing system of hydraulic engineering. The hydraulic building engineering structure mostly adopts a concrete structure, a structure or an expansion joint (caulking) exists every several meters or dozens of meters according to different designs, and the proper caulking waterproof elastic sealing material can offset the expansion allowance of the concrete after thermal expansion and cold contraction, thereby reducing or avoiding water loss caused by cracking and rebuilding of the hydraulic engineering concrete building structure or caulking sealing failure.
The water conservancy project caulking waterproof material is mainly divided into two types of mechanical waterproof sealing and bonding waterproof sealing according to the waterproof sealing principle. A mechanical waterproof sealing mode is generally adopted, and a nitrile rubber belt with micro elasticity and high hardness is filled in a caulking joint to realize the waterproof in a mechanical filling mode; the waterproof sealing mode of bonding realizes waterproof function through the good adhesion of caulking waterproof material and concrete.
With the development of scientific research technology, the caulking waterproof elastic sealing materials are various in variety, but each material has different characteristics and different applicable working conditions. The caulking part of the water conservancy building engineering can bear water pressure of different sizes due to different geographical positions, building structural designs and the like. In actual conditions, because the concrete structure belongs to porous materials, the caulking sealing material is soaked in water for a long time and bears pressure, after the caulking sealing material is applied for a period of time, the bonding strength of the caulking sealing material and the concrete is reduced due to continuous seepage of moisture on a concrete bonding surface, and the water pressure bearing capacity is reduced. At present, only one caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is used for sealing and waterproofing a caulking part, and the durability of the part bearing water pressure is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
Whether the sealing and waterproof scheme of the caulking part is effective or not directly influences the quality of hydraulic engineering. The invention provides a sealing and waterproofing system for a concrete structure, in particular to a sealing and waterproofing system for a concrete structure in water conservancy engineering.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a set of sealing and waterproofing system for concrete structure, especially for concrete structure in hydraulic engineering, which can effectively improve the sealing and waterproofing for concrete structure waterproofing work, and the system includes:
a base layer applied to a caulked bonding surface between concrete structures;
a layer of caulked waterproof elastomeric sealing material applied to the substrate layer;
wherein the caulk waterproof elastomeric sealing material layer is made from a waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprising:
liquid polysulfide rubber;
a crosslinking agent.
The caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is a bonding waterproof sealing material; the substrate composition is a normal-temperature cured bi-component epoxy material, wherein the normal-temperature cured bi-component epoxy material comprises epoxy resin and an epoxy curing agent.
In a second aspect: the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material layer is a caulking waterproof elastic sealing material with high-efficiency water resistance. The caulking waterproof elastic sealing material comprises:
a liquid polysulfide rubber having a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 7500 and a degree of crosslinking of 0 to 2;
a crosslinking agent;
wherein the cross-linking agent is active manganese dioxide; the weight ratio of the liquid polysulfide rubber to the cross-linking agent is 6-14: 1;
the liquid polysulfide rubber accounts for 25-60% of the total weight of the waterproof elastic sealing material, and the cross-linking agent accounts for 2-5% of the total weight of the waterproof elastic sealing material.
In one embodiment, the waterproof elastic sealing material of the present invention further comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of environmentally friendly plasticizers, fillers, coupling agents, defoaming agents, colorants and accelerators.
In one embodiment, the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprises an a-side and a B-side, wherein the a-side comprises the following components by weight of the total a-side:
Figure BDA0002797621030000021
Figure BDA0002797621030000031
the component B comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the component B:
Figure BDA0002797621030000032
in one embodiment, the mass ratio of the a component to the B component is 100: 6 to 14.
In one embodiment, the coupling agent includes both titanate-based coupling agents and silane-based coupling agents; preferably, the weight ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is 1-3: 1.
in one embodiment, the first filler is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, fumed silica, nanocalcium carbonate, kaolin;
the second filler is selected from a hollow microsphere filler, and preferably, the second filler is hollow microspheres with the particle size of 20-40 mu m.
In one embodiment, the defoamer is one or more of a polyether, polyether modified silicone sealant defoamer.
In one embodiment, the environmentally friendly plasticizer is one or more of benzoate, polyether alcohol; the colorant is one or more of carbon black and titanium dioxide; the accelerator is one or more of diphenyl guanidine and zinc dithiocarbamate.
The caulking waterproof elastic sealing material belongs to polysulfide sealing materials, can be prepared in a A, B double-component mode, and the coupling agent in the A component system adopts a compounding mode of titanate coupling agent and silane coupling agent, so that the hydrophobicity and the dispersibility of the filler are improved on the basis of ensuring the bonding performance with the base material; the hollow microsphere filler which is light, high in strength, acid and alkali resistant, extremely low in absorption rate and good in fluidity is introduced, so that the density is reduced, the economy is improved, and the waterproofness is improved; active manganese dioxide is adopted as a cross-linking agent in the component B, so that the cross-linking activity of a system is ensured, and the storage stability is improved. Thereby improving the waterproof capability of the material system and improving the bonding strength retention rate of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material under the long-term soaking working condition.
The invention adopts the epoxy material as the substrate layer, carries out blade coating on the porous concrete material in advance to form a film so as to form the substrate layer, and then forms the sealing waterproof system of the waterproof elastic sealing material layer on the substrate layer, and has the following advantages:
firstly, the porous concrete material is coated with the epoxy material base layer in advance to form a film, after the epoxy material base layer is cured, the porous concrete surface is sealed, and the concrete bonding surface is reinforced, so that the water is prevented from permeating into the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material and the concrete bonding surface through the concrete, and the bonding property of the caulking material and the concrete under the long-term soaking working condition is ensured;
secondly, the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material disclosed by the invention is low in water-air permeability and good in waterproof effect after being cured; under the long-term soaking pressure-bearing working condition, the performance retention rate is high, and the effective service life is longer than that of other commercially available caulking waterproof elastic sealing materials.
The waterproof sealing system improves the durability of the water pressure bearing of the caulking waterproof part, is suitable for improving the condition that the project needs frequent maintenance due to large bonding strength attenuation of the existing caulking sealing elastic material under the working condition of long-term soaking, and improves the quality of the waterproof project. The waterproof engineering mainly refers to hydraulic engineering and also comprises other engineering such as tunnels, bridges, roads, sewage treatment pools, channels and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a concrete test piece in the simulation test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a concrete test piece before application of a base composition and a waterproof sealing material;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic of the structure of a concrete test piece after application of a base composition;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a concrete test piece after the application of a base composition and a waterproof sealing material and after the fixing of the apparatus;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a simulation test system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below according to specific embodiments. The scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the following examples, which are set forth for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The present invention provides a sealing waterproof system for a concrete structure, comprising:
a base layer applied to a caulked bonding surface between concrete structures;
a layer of caulked waterproof elastomeric sealing material applied to the substrate layer;
wherein the caulk waterproof elastomeric sealing material layer is made from a waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprising:
liquid polysulfide rubber;
a crosslinking agent.
In the waterproof sealing system of the present invention, a substrate layer is included which is applied to the caulk bonding surface between concrete structures. Can seal porose concrete surface through this stratum basale, the intensity of reinforcing concrete structure bonding face has simultaneously obstructed moisture and has permeated the waterproof elastic sealing material of caulking and concrete structure's bonding face through the concrete gas pocket, has guaranteed the cohesiveness of caulking material under the long-term soaking operating mode, has improved the waterproof position of caulking and has born hydraulic durability, can effectively improve hydraulic engineering's waterproof sealing quality. In one embodiment, the base layer is formed from a base composition. The base layer can be obtained by coating the base composition on the caulked and bonded surface between concrete structures by blade coating, and curing.
In one embodiment, the base composition may be any commercially available two-component epoxy material that is cured at room temperature, wherein the two-component epoxy material that is cured at room temperature mainly includes an epoxy resin and an epoxy curing agent. And will not be described in detail herein.
As a main body of the waterproof sealing system, the waterproof sealing system comprises a layer of caulking waterproof elastic sealing material applied on the substrate layer. The layer of caulk waterproof elastomeric sealing material is made from a waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprising: liquid polysulfide rubber and a crosslinking agent.
In one embodiment, the liquid polysulfide rubber is a liquid diethoxy-methane polysulfide polymer having a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 7500 and a degree of crosslinking of 0 to 2. The liquid polysulfide rubber has the following advantages: the liquid polysulfide rubber can be used for preparing polysulfide waterproof sealant which has low water-air permeability, good waterproof effect, high performance retention rate under the working condition of long-term soaking, and wide tensile bonding strength and deflection adjustable range with concrete.
In one embodiment, the liquid polysulfide rubber may be one or more of liquid polysulfide rubbers with a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 7500 and a crosslinking degree of 0 to 2, preferably 2:
the liquid diethoxy-methane polysulfide polymer with the number average molecular weight of 1000 and the degree of crosslinking of 2 is marked as liquid polysulfide rubber # 1. The liquid polysulfide rubber 1# may be purchased from one or more of the chemical research institute of francisco, eastern japan ltd, or aksunobel, germany.
Liquid diethoxy-methane polysulfide polymer with a number average molecular weight of 7500 and a degree of crosslinking of 0.5 is designated as liquid polysulfide rubber # 2. The liquid polysulfide rubber 2# may be purchased from one or more of the chemical research institute of francisco, eastern japan ltd, or aksunobel, germany.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the selection and the proportion of the liquid polysulfide rubbers 1# and 2# in the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material can be properly adjusted according to different requirements of specific engineering on the performance of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material. The use of two liquid polysulfide rubbers has the following advantages: through compounding of the high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight liquid polysulfide rubbers, the bonding strength of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is improved, the elasticity and the deflection capability of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material are optimized, the viscosity of the component A system is optimized, and the workability is improved.
In one embodiment, the crosslinking agent is activated manganese dioxide. The cross-linking agent of the liquid polysulfide rubber generally adopts metal peroxide or variable valence metal oxide, such as manganese dioxide, lead dioxide, calcium peroxide and the like; wherein, lead dioxide is easy to cause heavy metal poisoning and can not meet the safety requirement of drinking water; calcium peroxide and combustible materials are mixed to cause explosiveness and easy burning. The commercial manganese dioxide products show different oxidation capacities, i.e., different activities, in the system due to different contents. It is not uncommon in the industry to refer to manganese dioxide as active manganese dioxide with a manganese dioxide content above 80% and as inactive manganese dioxide below 80%. The determination of the manganese dioxide content is carried out by an iodometry method: that is, manganese dioxide can quantitatively oxidize iodide ions into iodine in a hydrochloric acid medium, and the content of manganese dioxide is determined by titrating iodine with a sodium thiosulfate standard solution by using starch as an indicator. The active manganese dioxide (black powder in appearance) can be prepared by using natural manganese dioxide as a raw material through processes of reduction, disproportionation, weight conversion and the like, has the characteristics of a gamma-type crystal structure and the like, and is different from inactive manganese dioxide in structure. Commercially available products of this active manganese dioxide can also be used. The use of this cross-linking agent according to the invention has the following advantages: the problem of heavy metal pollution caused by adopting lead dioxide is avoided, and the safety requirement of drinking water is met; the safety problem caused by adopting calcium peroxide is avoided; meanwhile, the storage stability of the component B is improved and the elasticity of the material after curing is improved by adopting active manganese dioxide; the material is free of air holes after being cured, and the sealing and waterproof effects are good.
In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the liquid polysulfide rubber to the crosslinking agent is (6-14): 1. in one embodiment, the liquid polysulfide rubber comprises (25 to 60) wt.% and the crosslinking agent comprises (2 to 5) wt.% of the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition, based on the total weight of the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition. By adopting the proportion, the following advantages are achieved: the material can be completely crosslinked in a preset time, and the situation that the material is further crosslinked and hardened or excessive A or B component paste which cannot be crosslinked exists to cause poor stability and durability due to continuous crosslinking along with the prolonging of the using time is avoided.
In one embodiment, the waterproof elastic sealing material further comprises one or more additives selected from the group consisting of environmentally friendly plasticizers, fillers, coupling agents, defoamers, colorants and accelerators.
In one embodiment, the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition may be dispensed as an A, B two-component composition for ease of shipping and storage of the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition, provided that the liquid polysulfide rubber and the crosslinking agent are contained in separate components. For example, if the a-component comprises a liquid polysulfide rubber, the crosslinking agent is contained in the B-component. And vice versa.
In one embodiment, the a-side comprises the following components, based on the total weight of the a-side:
Figure BDA0002797621030000071
in one embodiment, the B component comprises the following components, based on the total weight of the B component:
Figure BDA0002797621030000072
in the above embodiment, the ratio of the component a to the component B is 100: 6 to 14.
In one embodiment, the environmentally friendly plasticizer is selected from one or more of benzoate esters, polyether alcohols.
In one embodiment, the first filler is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, fumed silica, nanocalcium carbonate, kaolin. In one embodiment, the second filler is selected from hollow fillers, and preferably, the second filler is a hollow microsphere filler with a particle size of 20-40 μm. The combination of two fillers, in particular the combination of hollow microsphere filler with light weight, high strength, acid and alkali resistance, extremely low absorption rate and good fluidity and other fillers can achieve the following effects: the density is reduced, the economy is improved, the waterproofness is improved, the thixotropy of the material is improved, the maintenance cost of the engineering is reduced, and the process performance is improved.
In one embodiment, the coupling agent comprises a combination of a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, and preferably, the weight ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is (1-3): 1. the combination of titanate coupling agent and silane coupling agent can achieve the following effects: on the basis of ensuring the bonding performance with the base material, the hydrophobicity and the dispersibility of the filler in the system are improved, so that the bearing capacity of the material system under the working condition of long-term soaking is improved.
The silane coupling agent may be, for example, one or more of v-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, N- β - (aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and γ -glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
The titanate coupling agent may be, for example, one or more of monoalkoxy titanate coupling agent and isopropyl tris (dioctylphosphonoxy) titanate.
In one embodiment, the defoamer is selected from one or two of polyether, polyether modified polysiloxane sealant defoamers.
In one embodiment, the colorant is selected from one or both of carbon black and titanium dioxide.
In one embodiment, the accelerator is one or more of diphenyl guanidine, zinc dithiocarbamate.
The invention adopts the epoxy material as the substrate composition, carries out blade coating on the porous concrete material in advance to form a film so as to form a substrate layer, and then forms a sealing waterproof system of the waterproof elastic sealing material layer on the substrate layer, and has the following advantages: the cohesiveness of the waterproof elastic sealing material layer and concrete under the water immersion working condition is improved, and the durability of the water bearing pressure of the caulked waterproof part is improved; under the long-term soaking pressure-bearing working condition, the performance retention rate is high, the effective service life is longer than that of other commercially available caulking waterproof elastic sealing materials, and the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is suitable for improving the condition that the project needs frequent maintenance due to large bonding strength attenuation under the long-term soaking working condition so as to improve the quality of the waterproof project.
Example (b):
the base composition can be MF8702 high-performance anticorrosive protective material developed and produced by Zhongzhou Zhongsi Lande Gaokou GmbH, belongs to a normal-temperature cured bi-component epoxy material, and consists of A, B components: the epoxy resin accounts for 45 wt%, and the epoxy curing agent accounts for 15 wt%, based on the total weight of the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion protective material.
The layer of caulking waterproof elastic sealing material may be formed using the following caulking waterproof elastic sealing material composition comprising A, B two components in the following proportions (wherein liquid polysulfide rubbers 1# and 2# are both available from east-li japan; activated manganese dioxide is a commercially available product):
example 1:
component A
Figure BDA0002797621030000081
Figure BDA0002797621030000091
B component
Figure BDA0002797621030000092
When in use, A, B components are mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 10, and curing to obtain the waterproof elastic sealing material.
Comparative example 1:
component A
Figure BDA0002797621030000093
B component
Figure BDA0002797621030000094
When in use, A, B components are mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 10, and curing to obtain the waterproof elastic sealing material.
Comparative example 2:
component A
Figure BDA0002797621030000101
B component
Figure BDA0002797621030000102
When in use, A, B components are mixed according to the weight ratio of 100: 16, and curing to obtain the waterproof elastic sealing material.
Comparative example 3:
the commercially available caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is adopted as follows: the model is YL-560 bi-component polysulfide sealant produced by Dayu engineering rubber and plastic science and technology development Limited company with constant water.
Test example:
the waterproof seal system of the present invention was tested in the following simulated test system.
The simulation test system further comprises a concrete test piece 1 which is composed of two concrete elements, a first concrete element 11 and a second concrete element 12. The first concrete element 11 and the second concrete element 12 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction such that the second end surface 112 of the first concrete element 11 is opposite to the third end surface 121 of the second concrete element 12. The size and shape of the components can be specified according to actual needs. For the convenience of testing, the first concrete member 11 and the second concrete member 12 have the same size and are cylindrical, and the water discharge hole 113 and the water injection hole 123 are respectively located at the axial center positions of the first concrete member 11 and the second concrete member 12. And the diameter precision of the first concrete member and the second concrete member is +/-5 mm, and the caulking depth size precision is +/-1 mm, so that the caulking positions of the first concrete member and the second concrete member after installation are smooth, and the accuracy of test data is ensured.
Uniformly coating the MF8702 high-performance anti-corrosion protective material between the second end face 112 of the first concrete member 11 and the third end face 121 of the second concrete member 12 by scraping to form a cured waterproof coating 14; the to-be-tested caulking waterproof elastic sealing material 15 is arranged on the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion and protection material 14 of the second end face 112 of the first concrete member 11 and the third end face 121 of the second concrete member 12, and a pressurization cavity 13 is formed between the second end face 112 of the first concrete member 11 and the third end face 121 of the second concrete member 12.
In order to ensure the width of the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested, the concrete test piece 1 further includes one or more support and positioning blocks 16 having an equal height, which are located in the pressurizing cavity 13 between the second end face of the first concrete member and the third end face of the second concrete member, for supporting the first concrete member 11. In order to enable the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested to better meet the actual use condition in the hydraulic engineering, the width of the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested can be equal to the width of a designed caulking joint in the actual use condition, so that the height of the supporting and positioning block is equal to the width of the designed caulking joint, and the precision is +/-1 mm. In the present invention, for example, if the caulking width is designed to be 4cm, the height of the support positioning block may be designed to be (4.0 ± 0.1) cm. The designed caulking width refers to a caulking width which is designed in advance according to standards or actual needs in caulking between two concrete structures in actual hydraulic engineering. The design caulking width may be determined as desired or design criteria. In one embodiment, the support positioning block 16 is a metal block, which may be at least 3 blocks, for example, 3-5 blocks, and is uniformly placed on the third end surface 121 of the second concrete member 12 based on the center point of the second concrete member 12.
The depth of the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested can be marked by scoring from the outside to the inside at the edge of the second concrete member 12 in order to apply the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested to the corresponding position. In order to ensure the depth of the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested, a depth positioning strip 17 is further included, wherein the depth positioning strip 17 is positioned between the second end face of the first concrete component and the third end face of the second concrete component; wherein, the distance between the depth positioning strip 17 and the periphery of the second concrete member is equal to the designed caulking depth, and the precision is +/-1 mm. Thus, when applying the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested, the waterproof sealing material 15 to be tested can be applied flush along the outer edges of the first and second concrete members 11, 12 and up to the depth positioning strip 17. As described above, the designed caulking depth means a caulking depth which is previously designed according to standards or actual needs in a caulking joint between two concrete structures in actual hydraulic engineering. The design caulking depth may be determined as desired or design criteria. In one embodiment, the depth positioning strips 17 may be closed cell foam rods or closed cell foam strips. The depth positioning strip 17 may be selected to be appropriate according to the design caulking width. For example, if a 4cm caulking width is contemplated, a foam rod having a diameter slightly larger than 4cm (e.g., 4.5cm diameter) is selected to ensure the size of the caulking seam.
The simulation test system comprises a fixing device 2 for fixing the first concrete element 11 and the second concrete element 12, and the first concrete element 11 and the second concrete element 12 are prevented from being separated due to water pressure during the test. As shown in fig. 4, the fixing device 2 may include two upper and lower fixing brackets 21, 22, a center of the upper fixing bracket 21 is fitted over the water discharge hole 113, a center of the lower fixing bracket 22 is fitted over the water injection hole 123, and the two fixing brackets are connected together by three screws 23 penetrating through the fixing brackets 21, 22 through nuts 24, thereby fixing the first concrete member 11 and the second concrete member 12 together.
In order to simulate the displacement change limit S of the caulking joint under the actual use working condition (annual temperature difference Delta T of the expansion joint and the joint spacing L)max(i.e., the linear expansion amount of each expansion joint), and when the fixing device is installed, a caulking displacement change limit S is reserved in the fixing devicemaxThe position of (a);
wherein S ismaxCalculated by the following formula
Smax＝L*△T*ac，
Wherein, the caulking distance of the concrete member under the L-working condition is m;
-delta T-the annual internal temperature difference of the concrete member under working conditions, in units;
-acthe linear expansion coefficient of the concrete, in units of 1/DEG C.
GB 50010 "concrete structure design Specification" article 4.1.8 informs: when the temperature is within (0-100) DEG C, the linear expansion coefficient is 0.00001/DEG C.
The fixing device for mounting the test specimen (as shown in fig. 4) can adjust the position of the nut 24 of the fixing device to make the maximum variable displacement S of the concrete specimen in the process of bearing water pressuremaxTo make the test process closer to the actual working condition。
The simulation test system further comprises a water injection pressurizing device which is communicated with the water discharge hole 113 and the water injection hole 123 and is used for injecting water into the pressurizing cavity 13 between the second end surface of the first concrete member and the third end surface of the second concrete member and controlling the water pressure in the pressurizing cavity 13.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the water injection pressurizing device includes:
a circulation water tank 31 connected to the water filling hole 123 through a pipe 311 and a water filling valve 312; the circulating water tank is connected with the drain hole 113 through a pipeline 313 and a drain valve 314;
an automatic control valve 32, the automatic control valve 32 being disposed between the circulation water tank 31 and the water filling hole 123;
and the pressure stabilizing and pressurizing control system 33 is connected with the automatic control valve 33 and is used for detecting and controlling the water pressure in a connecting pipeline of the circulating water tank and the water injection hole.
These valves (fill valve 312, drain valve 314, and automatic control valve 32) and the regulated boost control system 33, etc. may use equipment and systems conventional in the art. The water pressure in the test system, which can be determined according to the actual use conditions, can be set and controlled by the regulated boost control system 33. The pressure stabilizing and pressurizing control system can set different pressurizing parameters, track the pressure in real time and stably control the pressurizing value.
For example, the maximum water pressure p (mpa) to be applied can be calculated according to the depth h (m) of the hydraulic engineering under water:
Figure BDA0002797621030000131
for the simulation test system shown in fig. 5, the test process may proceed as follows:
opening the drain valve 314, connecting the water injection valve 321, and closing the drain valve 314 after the gas in the cavity is completely discharged until the cavity is filled with water;
setting a test water pressure through a pressure stabilizing and boosting control system, wherein the precision is +/-5% of a set value, namely the maximum water pressure P, MPa borne by the pressure stabilizing and boosting control system is calculated according to working conditions;
and (3) voltage stabilization testing process: the water pressure P is maintained for a test period (e.g., 10d, or other test period as deemed appropriate) and the test is tracked in real time by the regulated boost control system.
After the test is over, whether the pressure value according to the last demonstration concrete test piece of control system keeps the setting value steadily, and the caulking position structure is normal, whether this caulking sealing material is effective at this operating mode waterproof sealing is verified in the aassessment: if the pressure of the test specimen is lower than the set value and is detected to be caused by the caulking material, the caulking sealing material is verified to be ineffective in waterproof sealing under the working condition; if the pressure of the test specimen is stably kept and the structure of the caulking part of the concrete test specimen is checked to be normal, the caulking sealing material is verified to be effective in waterproof sealing under the working condition.
In the simulation test system, a simulation test method that can be adopted includes the steps of:
s1 provides a simulation test system of the present invention;
s2 applying MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion and protection material to the second end face of the first concrete member and the third end face of the second concrete member;
s3, applying the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material to be tested between the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion and protection material on the second end face of the first concrete member and the third end face of the second concrete member;
s4, installing a fixing device, and fixing the first concrete member and the second concrete member through the fixing device;
s5, injecting water into the pressurizing cavity between the second end surface of the first concrete member and the third end surface of the second concrete member by the water injection pressurizing device, controlling the water pressure in the pressurizing cavity to a set value ± 5%, and maintaining the water pressure for a predetermined time.
The above description of the simulation test system of the present invention is also applicable to the following simulation test method of the present invention, and is not repeated herein.
In the testing process, in order to ensure the surface cleanliness of the concrete member, a floating layer on the bonding surface of the concrete member can be removed by adopting a mechanical mode such as an angle grinder, and the like, and the floating ash on the bonding surface of the concrete member can be blown clean by adopting a high-pressure air gun.
Marking the gluing depth on the edge of the second concrete member by scribing from outside to inside according to the designed caulking depth of the engineering design; according to the designed caulking width, a plurality of, for example, 3, supporting positioning blocks with the same height as the caulking width are uniformly placed on the basis of the center point of the concrete lower component to control the caulking gluing width.
Aligning and combining the first and second concrete members;
filling the depth positioning strip in a gap scribing position formed by the two members to ensure the size of the gluing seam;
cleaning the glued part by using a cleaning agent;
according to the construction process of the MF8702 high-performance anti-corrosion protective material, uniformly coating the MF8702 high-performance anti-corrosion protective material on the second end face of the first concrete member and the third end face of the second concrete member by scraping; after the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion protection material is dried, the to-be-tested caulking elastic waterproof sealing material is densely filled between the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosion protection material on the second end face of the first concrete member and the third end face of the second concrete member;
and finishing the appearance of the seam of the pressure-resistant test piece, and maintaining according to the requirements of material manufacturers.
Mounting a fixing device, and fixing the first concrete member and the second concrete member through the fixing device;
thereafter, a test may be performed: connecting the water pressure resistant test piece with a water injection pressurizing device through a pipeline, and injecting water into a pressurizing cavity between the second end surface of the first concrete member and the third end surface of the second concrete member through the water injection pressurizing device; the pressure measuring pressure and the pressure control range are set through the control system. If the test piece does not seep water from the caulking part in the continuous test or the pressure correspondingly displayed on the control system is not reduced, the caulking sealing material is evaluated to maintain good bonding and water pressure resistance, namely, the waterproof sealing is effective under the working condition. If the water seeps from the caulking part of the test piece in the continuous test or the pressure correspondingly displayed on the control system is lower than a set value, the caulking sealing material is evaluated to have no good bonding and water pressure resistance, namely the waterproof sealing is ineffective under the working condition.
The MF8702 high-performance anticorrosive protective material is coated on a concrete bonding surface by scraping, so that a porous concrete surface can be effectively sealed, the concrete bonding surface is reinforced, and the caulking sealing material is bonded with concrete in a long-term underwater pressure-bearing environment; the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material disclosed by the invention is low in water-gas permeability and good in waterproof effect after being cured; under the long-term soaking pressure-bearing working condition, the performance retention rate is high, and the effective service life is longer than that of other commercially available caulking waterproof elastic sealing materials. Compared with other sealing and waterproof schemes used in traditional hydraulic engineering, the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material has better adhesion with concrete, improves the pressure bearing capacity of caulking, solves the problem that the concrete is debonded from the concrete due to porous water seepage under long-term water environment, and improves the water pressure durability of the caulking; the quality of the hydraulic engineering is improved, and the maintenance cost of the engineering is reduced.
The advantages of the waterproof sealing system of the present invention are discussed below by way of specific test protocol examples:
when the annual temperature difference is 35 ℃, the caulking distance of concrete members is 10m, the diameter of an engineering pipeline is 2m, the caulking width is 2cm, and the caulking depth is 3.5cm under the working condition of hydraulic engineering, the pressure bearing capacity of various waterproof sealing schemes is realized.
The specific test scheme is as follows:
Figure BDA0002797621030000151
Figure BDA0002797621030000161
in accordance with the presentThe implementation method flow and the requirement are verified as follows: preparing a first concrete member and a second concrete member with the diameters of 2m +/-5 mm; placing a supporting positioning block with the height of 2cm +/-1 mm; placing a depth positioning strip to enable the caulking depth to meet 3.5cm +/-1 mm; embedding and filling a waterproof sealing material; curing according to the curing requirement of the waterproof sealing material; calculating caulking displacement change limit S from working conditionsmaxIs 3.5 mm; the fixing device 2 is installed, and the position of the nut 24 of the fixing device is adjusted, so that the maximum variable displacement of the concrete test piece is 3.5mm in the water pressure bearing process, and the testing process is closer to the actual working condition. The test pressurization flow is set to be 0.05(1 +/-5%) MPa 3d → 0.10(1 +/-5%) MPa 3d → 0.15(1 +/-5%) MPa 3d → 0.20(1 +/-5%) MPa 3d → 0.25(1 +/-5%) MPa 3d, and by analogy, the test is carried out according to the above implementation method of the invention by taking 0.05MPa as a node, and the description is not repeated.
The real-time tracking test result is as follows:
waterproof test scheme 1# concrete test piece: when the water pressure is just increased to 0.40(1 +/-5%) MPa and kept for 48 hours, the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material of the invention has colloid fracture, meanwhile, a control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.16MPa, and the waterproof scheme is estimated to be applicable to the condition of resisting 0.35MPa, namely 35m of water pressure;
a waterproof test scheme 2 concrete test piece: after 0.15(1 +/-5%) MPa for 5h is maintained, the phenomenon of cracking and pressure relief of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material colloid occurs on the second section 112 of the concrete first member 11; meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.09MPa, and estimates that the waterproof scheme can withstand 0.10MPa under the working condition, namely is applicable under the water pressure of 10 m;
waterproof test scheme 3# concrete test piece: in the process of increasing the pressure from 0.05MPa to 0.10MPa, when the pressure is increased to 0.08MPa, the deformation of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is obvious, the phenomenon of cracking and pressure relief of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material colloid appears on the second section 112 of the first concrete member 11, meanwhile, a control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.02MPa, and the waterproof scheme is estimated to be capable of resisting 0.05MPa, namely suitable for 5m of water pressure under the working condition;
waterproof test scheme 4# concrete test piece: after the water pressure is just increased to 0.15(1 +/-5%) MPa for 69h, colloid fracture occurs in the outsourced waterproof sealing material, and meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.09MPa, so that the waterproof scheme is proved to be applicable to the condition of resisting 0.10MPa, namely 10m of water pressure.
Fifthly, carrying out a waterproof test scheme on the concrete sample No. 5: after maintaining 0.25(1 +/-5%) MPa for 5h, the phenomenon of debonding and pressure relief of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material occurs on the second section 112 of the concrete first member 11, and a small amount of structure of the concrete is peeled off; meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.13MPa, and the waterproof scheme is proved to be applicable to the water pressure of 0.20MPa, namely 20m under the working condition;
sixth, according to the waterproof test scheme 6, a concrete test piece: after 0.10(1 +/-5%) MPa 47h is maintained, the phenomenon of debonding and pressure relief of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material occurs on the first section 121 of the concrete second member 12; meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.06MPa, and estimates that the waterproof scheme can withstand the pressure of 0.05MPa under the working condition, namely is applicable under the water pressure of 5 m;
waterproof test scheme 7# concrete test piece: after maintaining 0.05(1 +/-5%) MPa for 29h, the phenomenon of debonding and pressure relief of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material occurs on the second section 112 of the first concrete member 11, meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.01MPa, and the waterproof scheme is estimated to be applicable only under the water pressure below 5m under the working condition;
waterproof test scheme 8# concrete test piece: after maintaining 0.15(1 +/-5%) MPa for 22h, the second section 112 of the first concrete member 11 is debonded and decompressed by purchased waterproof sealing material, the bonding surface of the concrete has a small amount of structure peeling phenomenon, and meanwhile, the control system displays that the pressure of the test piece is reduced to 0.09MPa, which proves that the waterproof scheme can resist 0.10MPa, namely 10m of water pressure under the working condition.
According to the test method, the concrete test pieces prepared by adopting the different waterproof schemes are subjected to different water pressure working conditions, and the test results show that the concrete test pieces prepared according to each waterproof scheme have different water pressure resistance.
In sum, the pressure resistance of the existing caulking waterproof elastic sealing material in the market is not as good as that of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material; the water pressure resistance of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material can be improved through the composite construction with a commercial normal-temperature cured bi-component epoxy material; however, the waterproof sealing scheme of the invention is adopted: namely, the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is used in combination with MF8702 high-performance anticorrosive protective material produced by Zhongzheng Zhongsi Lande Kongku company in the market, so that the water pressure bearing capacity and the pressure bearing durability of the sealing material can be improved better. After the waterproof system is adopted, the pressure resistance of the caulking waterproof elastic sealing material is improved to 0.40(1 +/-5%) MPa by 48h from 0.25(1 +/-5%) MPa by 5h to the maximum, and the bearing water pressure is improved to 35m from 20 m. The reason is 2 points: firstly, the body strength of the caulking waterproof material improves the pressure resistance; and secondly, the MF8702 high-performance anticorrosive protective material reinforces the concrete surface layer, and simultaneously ensures the adhesion between the caulking material and the base material under a long-term water pressure environment, thereby improving the pressure-bearing capacity.
It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the described embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and that various other substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is only limited by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A water-tight seal system for a concrete structure, comprising:
a base layer applied to a caulked bonding surface between concrete structures;
a layer of caulked waterproof elastomeric sealing material applied to the substrate layer;
wherein the caulked waterproof elastomeric sealing material layer is made from a waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprising a component A and a component B,
wherein the component A comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the component A:
Figure FDA0003250716930000011
the component B comprises the following components in percentage by weight based on the total weight of the component B:
Figure FDA0003250716930000012
wherein the environment-friendly plasticizer is selected from one or more of benzoate and polyether alcohol;
the first filler is selected from one or more of calcium carbonate, fumed silica, nano calcium carbonate and kaolin;
the second filler is selected from hollow microsphere fillers;
the coupling agent comprises two types of titanate coupling agent and silane coupling agent;
the defoaming agent is selected from one or more of polyether and polyether modified polysiloxane sealant defoaming agents;
the colorant is selected from one or more of carbon black and titanium dioxide;
the accelerator is selected from one or more of diphenyl guanidine and zinc dithiocarbamate.
2. The waterproof sealing system of claim 1 wherein said waterproof elastomeric sealing composition comprises 25-60 wt.% liquid polysulfide rubber and 2-5 wt.% crosslinker, based on the total weight of the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition.
3. The waterproof and hermetic system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid polysulfide rubber is a liquid diethoxy-methane polysulfide polymer having a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 7500 and a degree of crosslinking of 0 to 2.
4. The waterproof sealing system of claim 1 wherein the a-component and B-component of the waterproof elastomeric sealing composition are used in a mass ratio of 100: 6 to 14.
5. The sealed, waterproof system of claim 1 wherein the cross-linking agent is activated manganese dioxide.
6. The waterproof sealing system according to claim 1, wherein the second filler is cenospheres having a particle size of 20 to 40 μm.
7. The waterproof sealing system according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the titanate coupling agent to the silane coupling agent is 1-3: 1.
8. the waterproof sealing system of claim 1, wherein the substrate layer is formed from a substrate composition that is a room temperature cured two-component epoxy based material, wherein the room temperature cured two-component epoxy based material comprises an epoxy resin and an epoxy curing agent.
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