CN112511179A - Reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit - Google Patents
Reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112511179A CN112511179A CN202011201817.7A CN202011201817A CN112511179A CN 112511179 A CN112511179 A CN 112511179A CN 202011201817 A CN202011201817 A CN 202011201817A CN 112511179 A CN112511179 A CN 112511179A
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
- H04B1/1027—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal
- H04B1/1036—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference assessing signal quality or detecting noise/interference for the received signal with automatic suppression of narrow band noise or interference, e.g. by using tuneable notch filters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit, which comprises a channel selection module, a reconfigurable mixing module, a programmable amplification module and a working mode instruction module, wherein the channel selection module receives radio frequency signals; the reconfigurable frequency mixing module receives an input signal of the working mode instruction signal module, reconfigures the working mode of a receiving channel, and performs programming setting on the working bandwidth and the gain index of the receiving channel; the programmable amplification module is used for programming and setting the working gain index in the module; the working mode instruction module converts an external control command into a TTL signal through a programmable logic device to realize dynamic control of a working state and technical parameters. The invention has the programming configuration capability of circuit performance parameters under different working modes, the working frequency can cover S wave band, C wave band, X wave band and Ku wave band, the multipurpose application requirements of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and the like can be met, and the invention has the technical characteristics of integration and multiple functions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of a receiving and transmitting front-end circuit of a radio frequency system, and particularly relates to a reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit.
Background
With the continuous development of electronic information technology, various novel military threats such as a networked radar system, a cognitive radar system, a high-speed frequency hopping communication system, a broadband spread spectrum communication system, a new generation GPS satellite navigation positioning system and the like are in force, and the electromagnetic environments of oceans and aerospace in modern battlefields become unprecedented and complex. Active electronic information countermeasure systems characterized by discrete function combination generally have the outstanding problems of equipment configuration redundancy, extensive resource use, insufficient spectrum environment adaptability and the like, and the research on multifunctional reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuits such as radars, communication, electronic reconnaissance and the like is urgently needed.
At present, the domestic research on radio frequency receiving systems mainly focuses on the communication field, and mainly focuses on application research in a single field, for example, "an ultra-wideband radio frequency front end receiving circuit" (patent authorization number: CN110350931B) published by liuma good et al, and the invention achievement mainly focuses on communication application. Different from the traditional microwave link structure, the reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit constructs radio frequency channels with different capability ranges through a switch network and a programmable device according to various functional circuits, such as frequency conversion, filtering, amplification and the like, required by a receiving channel in various working modes, and meets the self-adaptive configuration requirements of various types of equipment, such as radars, communication, electronic reconnaissance and the like, on core indexes, such as working frequency, gain, bandwidth, dynamic range and the like.
Therefore, it is a problem to be solved at present to provide a reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit capable of covering 2 to 18 GHz.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit comprises a channel selection module, a reconfigurable mixing module, a programmable amplification module and a working mode instruction module, wherein:
the working mode instruction module is used for compiling the received external control signal and outputting a control instruction to the channel selection module, the reconfigurable frequency mixing module and the programmable amplification module;
the channel selection module is used for carrying out amplitude limiting protection, low-noise amplification, receiving channel pre-selection and filtering functions on the received microwave signals and carrying out dynamic control on working states and performance parameters according to control instructions of the working mode instruction module;
the reconfigurable frequency mixing module receives the output signal of the channel selection module, realizes the reconfiguration of the working mode of the receiving channel under the control of the working mode instruction module, and programs and sets the working bandwidth and the gain index of the receiving channel to obtain one output signal;
the programmable amplification module receives an output signal of the reconfigurable frequency mixing module, realizes programming setting of a working gain index under the control of the working mode instruction module, and outputs a signal to the analog-digital sampling circuit after amplification and amplitude limiting protection or outputs one path of fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module.
Preferably, the channel selection module includes a self-checking working switch, an ultra-wideband amplitude limiter, an ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier, a numerical control attenuator and a channel selection filter, which are connected in sequence, wherein:
the self-checking working switch receives a control instruction, selects two states of self-checking and working, and selectively receives antenna signal input or self-checking signal input;
the numerical control attenuator receives a control instruction, attenuates a signal output by the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier and outputs the signal to the channel selection filter;
the channel selection filter is used for dividing the working bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels and selecting corresponding transmission channels according to the received signal frequency.
Preferably, the self-checking operating switch is a mechanical switch; the numerical control attenuator is a low additional phase shift attenuator; the channel selection filter is composed of MEMS filters of various frequency bands.
Preferably, the reconfigurable mixing module comprises a switch 1, a mixer 1, a switch 2, a programmable filter 1, a programmable amplifier 1, a mixer 2, a programmable filter 3, a programmable amplifier 2, a switch 3, a switch 4, a digitally controlled phase shifter 1 and a digitally controlled phase shifter 2, wherein:
the switch 1 is connected with the output end of the channel selection module, receives a control instruction, and connects an output signal to the mixer 1 or the switch 4 according to a selected working mode;
the input end of the frequency mixer 1 is connected with the switch 1 and the output end of the numerical control phase shifter 1, and is used for performing frequency mixing processing on the output signal of the switch 1 and the output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 1 to obtain a high-intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode or a baseband signal or a low-intermediate frequency signal in a zero-intermediate frequency working mode, and the output end of the frequency mixer is connected with the switch 2;
the switch 2 is connected with the output end of the frequency mixer 1, receives a TTL control instruction, and connects a signal to the programmable filter 1 or the programmable filter 3 according to a selected working mode;
the programmable filter 1 is connected with the output end of the switch 2, receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 1 according to a working mode, and has a signal output end connected with the programmable amplifier 1;
the programmable amplifier 1 is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 1, receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 1 according to the working mode, and has a signal output end connected with the frequency mixer 2;
the frequency mixer 2 is connected with the output ends of the programmable amplifier 1 and the numerical control phase shifter 2 and is used for carrying out frequency mixing processing on the output signal of the programmable amplifier 1 and the output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 2 to obtain a low intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable filter 2;
the programmable filter 2 is connected with the output end of the frequency mixer 2, receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 2 according to the working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3;
the programmable filter 3 is connected with the output end of the switch 2, receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 3 according to a working mode, and has a signal output end connected with the programmable amplifier 2;
the programmable amplifier 2 is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 3, receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 2 according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3;
the switch 3 is connected with the programmable filter 2 and the output signal of the programmable amplifier 2, receives a TTL control instruction and connects the output signal to the switch 4 according to the selected working mode;
the switch 4 is connected with the output signals of the switch 1 and the switch 3, receives a TTL control instruction, and connects the corresponding output signal to the programmable amplification module according to the selected working mode;
the numerical control phase shifter 1 receives a local oscillation signal 1 and a TTL control instruction, and is used for dynamically adjusting a phase parameter of the local oscillation signal 1 in a radio frequency front end receiving circuit in a corresponding working mode, and a signal output end is connected with the frequency mixer 1;
the numerical control phase shifter 2 receives the local oscillation signal 2 and the TTL control instruction, and is used for dynamically adjusting the phase parameter of the local oscillation signal 2 in the radio frequency front end receiving circuit in a corresponding working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the frequency mixer 2.
Preferably, the signal frequency of the local oscillator signal 1 is 2-20 GHz, and the signal frequency of the local oscillator signal 2 is 23-24 GHz; the mixer 1 and the mixer 1 are harmonic suppression double-balanced mixers; the programmable amplifier 1 and the programmable amplifier 2 are high-linearity gain-adjustable amplifiers; the numerical control phase shifter 1 and the numerical control phase shifter 2 are low-additional attenuation phase shifters.
Preferably, the programmable amplification module comprises a programmable amplifier 3, a power level limiter, a coupler and a power detection comparison unit, wherein,
the programmable amplifier 3 is connected with the output end of the reconfigurable frequency mixing module, receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 3 according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the power level amplitude limiter;
the power level limiter is connected with the output end of the programmable amplifier 3 and is used for limiting the signal power value of the input signal to be below a set power level threshold value in the dynamic range of the input signal, and the signal output end is connected with the coupler;
the coupler is connected with the output end of the power level amplitude limiter and is used for coupling a part of working signal energy to the power detection comparison unit;
the power detection comparing unit is connected with the output end of the coupler, carries out detection quantization processing on the input signal power value, compares the quantized value with a reference threshold, and outputs fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module if the quantized value is lower than the reference threshold.
Preferably, the programmable amplifier 3 is a high linearity adjustable gain amplifier; the power level amplitude limiter is realized by combining an amplifier with a low output P-1 index and a fixed attenuator; the reference threshold in the power detection comparison unit is dynamically configurable along with the working mode, and the output alarm signal is TTL level.
Preferably, the working modes of the receiving channel include a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode and a radio frequency direct sampling working mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
1. the invention dynamically controls the working state and technical parameters of functional units such as an amplifier, a filter and the like through the design and algorithm of a reconfigurable circuit, realizes the reconfigurable function of various types of equipment such as radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and the like on core indexes such as working frequency, gain, bandwidth, dynamic range and the like, and meets the application requirements of multiple platforms;
2. according to the invention, through the integrated design of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit in the superheterodyne working mode, the zero intermediate frequency working mode and the radio frequency direct sampling working mode, signal processing units such as a rear end AD sampling circuit can be shared through the self-adaptive selection of the switch, and the increase of the circuit cost and the power consumption caused by the realization of the universal radio frequency front end receiving of various working modes is avoided;
3. the radar echo signal measuring device has a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode and a radio frequency direct sampling working mode, is applied to an integration by combining functions of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance and the like, can work in the superheterodyne working mode or the zero intermediate frequency working mode by switching a link architecture when being applied to the radar working mode, can receive a radar echo signal, and outputs the zero intermediate frequency or low intermediate frequency signal after once or twice frequency conversion to carry out AD sampling and then complete radar echo signal measurement; when the method is applied to a communication working mode, the method can work in a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode by switching a link architecture, can receive communication signals, and realizes demodulation of modulation modes of the communication signals such as QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying), BPSK (binary phase shift keying) and the like after AD (analog-to-digital) sampling or radio frequency direct sampling after one-time frequency conversion; when the method is applied to an electronic reconnaissance working mode, the system can work in a superheterodyne working mode by switching a link architecture, and after twice frequency conversion, low and intermediate frequency signals are output to carry out AD sampling so as to complete radar signal or communication signal measurement;
4. the invention has simple principle and structure and larger functional flexibility, can improve performance indexes or arrange a new application platform at low cost in a short period by combining the development of the AD sampling technology under the condition that a receiving circuit is kept unchanged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation of a channel selection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation of the reconfigurable mixing module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of an implementation of a programmable amplification module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of dynamic configuration of the passband bandwidth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic configuration of gain indexes of a programmable amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an operation timing diagram of a reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, a reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. The technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood through the description of the specific embodiments, however, the attached drawings are provided for reference and description only and are not used for limiting the technical scheme of the present invention.
A reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit comprises a channel selection module (1), a reconfigurable mixing module (2), a programmable amplification module (3) and a working mode instruction module (4),
the channel selection module (1) receives an input microwave signal (2-18 GHz radio frequency signal), the output end of the channel selection module is connected with the reconfigurable mixing module (2), the functions of amplitude limiting protection, low-noise amplification, channel pre-selection and filtering of the input microwave signal are achieved, the input signal of the working mode instruction receiving module (4) is dynamically controlled in working state and performance parameters, and an input port of a path of self-checking signal is provided;
the reconfigurable frequency mixing module (2) receives the output signal of the channel selection module (1), realizes the reconfiguration of the working mode of the receiving channel under the control of the working mode instruction module (4), specifically a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode and a radio frequency direct sampling working mode, and programs and sets the working bandwidth and gain index of the receiving channel to obtain one path of output signal, and the output end of the reconfigurable frequency mixing module is connected with the programmable amplification module (3);
the programmable amplification module (3) receives an output signal of the reconfigurable mixing module (2), realizes programming setting of a working gain index in the module under the control of the working mode instruction module (4), and outputs a signal to an analog-to-digital (AD) sampling circuit or outputs one path of fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4) after amplification and amplitude limiting protection;
the working mode instruction module (4) comprises a programmable logic device such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and outputs TTL (transistor-transistor logic) control instructions to the channel selection module (1), the reconfigurable mixing module (2) and the programmable amplification module (3) after compiling received external control signals (serial or parallel instructions), and receives fault alarm information output by the programmable amplification module (3).
In one embodiment of the invention, the reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit has the working frequency of 2-18 GHz, can cover an S band, a C band, an X band and a Ku band, meets the requirements of multipurpose applications such as radar, communication and electronic reconnaissance, and has the typical characteristics of integration and multiple functions.
In one embodiment of the invention, the channel selection module (1) comprises a self-checking operation switch (11), an ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12), an ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13), a numerical control attenuator (14) and a channel selection filter (15),
the self-checking working switch (11) receives a TTL control instruction, selects a self-checking or working state, selectively receives antenna signal input or self-checking signal input, and has an output end connected with the ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12);
the ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12) is connected with the output end of the self-checking working switch (11) and is used for carrying out large-signal amplitude limiting output on a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, the protection capability or more than 2 watts of continuous waves can be achieved, and the amplitude limiting output power level is generally 15 dBm; for an input signal with a signal power below a clipping output power level (about 15dBm), the ultra-wideband clipper (12) transmits a signal to the ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (13) with a low insertion loss;
the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13) is connected with the output end of the ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12) and is used for carrying out signal amplitude amplification processing with a low noise coefficient on a received signal so as to ensure that a radio frequency front-end receiving circuit realizes high receiving sensitivity, and the output end of the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier is connected with the numerical control attenuator (14);
the numerical control attenuator (14) is connected with the output end of the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13), on one hand, the numerical control attenuator can be used for adjusting the gain of a radio frequency front-end receiving circuit and realizing a large dynamic range index of the radio frequency front-end receiving circuit, on the other hand, fine gain dynamic control can be carried out along with frequency, the realization of the dynamic range index and a stray index under the ultra-wideband working condition is balanced, meanwhile, the numerical control attenuator can also be used for adjusting the amplitude consistency index among receiving channels under the condition that a plurality of receiving channels work in parallel, and the output end of the numerical control attenuator is;
the channel selection filter (15) is connected with the output end of the numerical control attenuator (14), the channel selection filter (15) generally divides the working bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels, corresponding transmission channel selection is carried out according to the received signal frequency, and the signal output end is connected with the reconfigurable frequency mixing module (2).
In one embodiment of the invention, the self-checking operating switch (11) is a mechanical switch; the numerical control attenuator (14) is a low additional phase shift attenuator; the channel selection filter (15) is composed of a plurality of band filters.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the reconfigurable mixing module (2) comprises a switch 1(21), a mixer 1(22), a switch 2(23), a programmable filter 1(24), a programmable amplifier 1(25), a mixer 2(26), a programmable filter 3(28), a programmable amplifier 2(29), a switch 3(210), a switch 4(211), a digitally controlled phase shifter 1(212) and a digitally controlled phase shifter 2(213), wherein,
the switch 1(21) is connected with the output end of the channel selection filter (15), receives a TTL control instruction, selects an input signal in a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode), and then selects an output signal to be connected to the mixer 1(22) or the switch 4 (210);
the mixer 1(22) is connected to the switch 1(21) and the output end of the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) and is configured to perform frequency mixing processing on the output signal of the switch 1(21) and the output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) to obtain a high intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode or a baseband signal (or a low intermediate frequency signal) in a zero intermediate frequency working mode, and the signal output end is connected to the switch 2 (23);
the switch 2(23) is connected with the output end of the mixer 1(22), receives a TTL control instruction, selects an input signal in a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode), and then selects an output signal to be connected with the programmable filter 1(24) or the programmable filter 3 (28);
the programmable filter 1(24) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives TTL control commands, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 1(24) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 1 (25);
the programmable amplifier 1(25) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 1(24) to receive a TTL control instruction, the gain index of the programmable amplifier 1(25) is dynamically configured according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit to ensure the reasonable configuration of the gain value of each level node in the receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the mixer 2 (26);
the mixer 2(26) is connected to the output ends of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) and is configured to perform mixing processing on an output signal of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and an output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) to obtain a low intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode, and a signal output end is connected to the programmable filter 2 (27);
the programmable filter 2(27) is connected with the output end of the mixer 2(26), receives TTL control commands, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 2(27) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3 (210);
the programmable filter 3(28) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives TTL control commands, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 3(28) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 2 (29);
the programmable amplifier 2(29) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 3(28) to receive a TTL control instruction, the gain index of the programmable amplifier 2(29) is dynamically configured according to the working mode of a radio frequency front-end receiving circuit to ensure the reasonable configuration of the gain value of each level node in the receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3 (210);
the switch 3(210) is connected with the programmable filter 2(27) and the programmable amplifier 2(29) to output signals, receives a TTL control instruction, selects an input signal to be connected with the switch 4(211) after a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode) is selected;
the switch 4(211) is connected with the output signals of the switches 1(21) and 3(210), receives a TTL control instruction, and selects an output signal to be connected to the programmable amplification module (3) after an input signal is subjected to a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode);
the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) is connected with the LO1 (local oscillator signal 1) and is used for receiving TTL control instructions and dynamically adjusting the phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 1 in a radio frequency front end receiving circuit under a specific working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode) so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the phase consistency index among receiving channels under the condition of parallel working of a plurality of radio frequency front end receiving channels, and a signal output end is connected with the frequency mixer 1 (22);
the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) is connected to the LO2 (local oscillator signal 2) and is configured to receive a TTL control instruction in a specific operating mode (specifically, a superheterodyne operating mode), dynamically adjust a phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 2 in the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing phase consistency indexes between receiving channels in the case of parallel operation of multiple radio frequency front end receiving channels, and a signal output end is connected to the mixer 2 (26).
In one embodiment of the invention, the signal frequency of the LO1 (local oscillator signal 1) is 2-20 GHz, and the signal frequency of the LO2 (local oscillator signal 2) is 23-24 GHz; the mixers 1(22) and 1(26) are harmonic rejection double balanced mixers; the programmable filter 1(24) and the programmable filter 3(28) are passband bandwidth configurable filters; the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the programmable amplifier 2(29) are high linearity adjustable gain amplifiers; the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) and the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) are low additional attenuation phase shifters.
In one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplification module (3) comprises a programmable amplifier (3), (31), a power level limiter (32), a coupler (33) and a power detection comparison unit (34), wherein,
the programmable amplifier 3(31) is connected with the output end of the reconfigurable mixing module (2), receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 3(31) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front-end receiving circuit, is used for matching the signal power window value required by the normal work of a rear-end AD sampling circuit, and is connected with the power level amplitude limiter (32) at the signal output end;
the power level limiter (32) is connected with the output end of the programmable amplifier 3(31) and is used for limiting the signal power value of the input signal to be below a certain reasonable power level (such as 5dBm) in a certain input signal dynamic range so as to ensure that the back-end AD sampling circuit is in a non-saturation working area or is prevented from being damaged by high-power signals, and the signal output end is connected with the coupler (33);
the coupler (33) is connected with the output end of the power level limiter (32) and is used for coupling a part of working signal energy to the power detection comparison unit (34);
the power detection comparing unit (34) is connected with the output end of the coupler (33), carries out detection quantization processing on the input signal power value, compares the quantized value with a reference threshold, and outputs fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4) if the quantized value is lower than the reference threshold, or outputs a signal to an external sampling circuit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplifier 3(31) is a high linearity adjustable gain amplifier; the power level amplitude limiter (32) is realized by combining an amplifier with a low output P-1 index and a fixed attenuator; the reference threshold in the power detection comparison unit (34) is dynamically configurable along with the working mode, and the output alarm signal is TTL level.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit of the embodiment comprises a channel selection module (1), a reconfigurable mixing module (2), a programmable amplification module (3) and an operating mode instruction module (4), wherein, the channel selection module (1) receives input microwave signals, the output end is connected with the reconfigurable mixing module (2), the output end of the reconfigurable mixing module (2) is connected with the programmable amplifying module (3), the working mode instruction module (4) compiles and processes the received external control signal (serial or parallel instruction), and outputting TTL control instructions to the channel selection module (1), the reconfigurable mixing module (2) and the programmable amplification module (3), and receiving fault alarm information output by the programmable amplification module (3).
Specifically, the channel selection module (1) implements the functions of amplitude limiting protection, low-noise amplification, channel preselection and filtering on an input microwave signal, and the input signal of the receiving working mode instruction module (4) dynamically controls the working state and performance parameters, thereby providing an input port of a path of self-checking signals. The reconfigurable frequency mixing module (2) realizes the reconfiguration of the working mode of the receiving channel under the control of the working mode instruction module (4), specifically a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode, and programs and sets the working bandwidth and the gain index of the receiving channel to obtain one path of output signal. The programmable amplification module (3) is controlled by the working mode instruction module (4) to realize programming setting of working gain indexes in the module, and outputs signals to an analog-to-digital (AD) sampling circuit after amplification and amplitude limiting protection, and outputs one path of fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4).
In the embodiment, the reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit has the working frequency of 2-18 GHz, can cover an S band, a C band, an X band and a Ku band, meets the requirements of multipurpose applications such as radar, communication and electronic reconnaissance, and has the typical characteristics of integration and multiple functions.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation of a channel selection module according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the channel selection module (1) includes a self-checking operating switch (11), an ultra-wideband limiter (12), an ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13), a digitally controlled attenuator (14), and a channel selection filter (15).
Specifically, the self-checking working switch (11) receives a TTL control instruction, selects two states of self-checking or working, selectively receives antenna signal input or self-checking signal input, the output end is connected with the ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12), the self-checking working switch (11) is a mechanical switch, and the mechanical switch has the remarkable advantages of low insertion loss, high switch isolation degree, strong burnout resistance, excellent multi-signal intermodulation index and the like, and can be selected by referring to an SR-2MIN-MIN-H-18-A type switch. The ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12) is connected with the output end of the self-checking working switch (11) and is used for carrying out large signal protection on a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, the protection capability or the continuous wave power level can reach more than 2 watts, the amplitude limiting output power level is generally 15dBm, and the device selection type can refer to an NC1848C-218 type amplitude limiter chip. The ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13) is connected with the output end of the ultra-wideband amplitude limiter (12) and used for carrying out signal amplitude amplification processing with a low noise coefficient on a received signal so as to ensure that a radio frequency front end receiving circuit realizes high receiving sensitivity, the output end of the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier is connected with the numerical control attenuator (14), the device type selection can refer to an NC10247C-220 type low-noise amplifier chip, and the typical value of the noise coefficient is 2.5dB in the frequency range of 2-20 GHz. The numerical control attenuator (14) is a low-additional phase-shift numerical control attenuator and is connected with the output end of the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13), on one hand, the numerical control attenuator can be used for adjusting the gain of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit and realizing a large dynamic range index of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, on the other hand, fine gain dynamic control can be carried out along with frequency, the realization of the dynamic range index and the stray index under the ultra-wideband working condition is balanced, meanwhile, the numerical control attenuator can be used for adjusting the amplitude consistency index between receiving channels under the condition that multiple receiving channels work in parallel, the output end is connected with the channel selection filter (15), the device selection can refer to a numerical control attenuator model 1320C-118 of a central electronic department 13 NC, the frequency range is 1-18 GHz, the step of the attenuator. The channel selection filter (15) is connected with the output end of the numerical control attenuator (14), the channel selection filter (15) generally divides the working bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels, corresponding transmission channel selection is carried out according to the received signal frequency, the channel selection filter is composed of MEMS filters with various frequency bands, one sub-channel for reference is divided as shown in table 1, and the signal output end is connected with the reconfigurable frequency mixing module (2).
Table 12-18 GHz Filter Bank frequency partitioning schematic
| Channel with a plurality of channels | Filter bank subchannel division (GHz) |
| |
2～2.5 |
| CH2 | 2.5～3.2 |
| CH3 | 3.2～3.5 |
| CH4 | 3.5～4.2 |
| CH5 | 4.2～5.5 |
| CH6 | 5.5～7.8 |
| CH7 | 7.8～12.5 |
| CH8 | 12.5～18 |
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation of a reconfigurable mixing module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reconfigurable mixing module (2) comprises a switch 1(21), a mixer 1(22), a switch 2(23), a programmable filter 1(24), a programmable amplifier 1(25), a mixer 2(26), a programmable filter 3(28), a programmable amplifier 2(29), a switch 3(210), a switch 4(211), a numerical control phase shifter 1(212) and a numerical control phase shifter 2 (213).
Specifically, the switch 1(21) is connected to the output end of the channel selection filter (15), receives a TTL control command, and selects an output signal to be connected to the mixer 1(22) and the switch 4(210) after an input signal is selected in a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode, or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode). The mixer 1(22) is a harmonic suppression double-balanced mixer, is connected with the output ends of the switch 1(21) and the numerical control phase shifter 1(212), and is used for mixing the output signals of the switch 1(21) and the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) to obtain high and intermediate frequency signals in a superheterodyne working mode or baseband signals (or low and intermediate frequency signals) in a zero intermediate frequency working mode, the device is selected with reference to the HMC773, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 2 (23). The switch 2(23) is connected with the output end of the mixer 1(22), receives a TTL control instruction, selects an input signal in a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode), and then selects an output signal to be connected with the programmable filter 1(24) and the programmable filter 3 (28). The programmable filter 1(24) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives the TTL control instruction, and dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 1(24) according to the working mode of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, wherein the passband bandwidth configuration range is 10 MHz-1000 MHz; the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 1 (25). The programmable amplifier 1(25) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 1(24) to receive the TTL control instruction, the gain index of the programmable amplifier 1(25) is dynamically configured according to the working mode of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, the configuration range of the gain index is 0-20 dB, reasonable configuration of gain values of nodes at all levels in the receiving circuit is ensured, and the signal output end is connected with the mixer 2 (26). The mixer 2(26) is connected with the output ends of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) and is used for mixing the output signal of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) to obtain a low intermediate frequency signal under a superheterodyne working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable filter 2 (27). The programmable filter 2(27) is connected to the output end of the mixer 2(26), receives the TTL control instruction, and dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 2(27) according to the operating mode of the rf front-end receiving circuit, where the passband bandwidth configuration range is 10MHz to 1000MHz, the signal output end is connected to the switch 3(210), and taking the superheterodyne operating mode as an example, the central operating frequency of the programmable filter 2(27) may be defined as 2.0GHz, and the configuration diagram of the passband bandwidth (10MHz to 1000MHz) is shown in fig. 5. The programmable filter 3(28) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives the TTL control instruction, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 3(28) according to the working mode of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, the configuration range of the passband bandwidth is 10 MHz-100 MHz, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 2 (29). The programmable amplifier 2(29) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 3(28) to receive the TTL control instruction, the gain index of the programmable amplifier 2(29) is dynamically configured according to the working mode of the radio frequency front end receiving circuit, the configuration range of the gain index is 0-20 dB, reasonable configuration of gain values of nodes at all levels in the receiving circuit is ensured, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3 (210). The switch 3(210) is connected with the programmable filter 2(27) and the programmable amplifier 2(29) to output signals, receives a TTL control instruction, selects an input signal to be connected with the switch 4(211) after the input signal is subjected to the working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode) selection. The switch 4(211) is connected with the output signals of the switches 1(21) and 3(210), receives a TTL control instruction, and selects the output signal to be connected to the programmable amplification module (3) after the input signal is subjected to the selection of a working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode). The numerical control phase shifter 1(212) is connected with an LO1 (local oscillator signal 1) and is used for receiving a TTL control instruction in a specific working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode) and dynamically adjusting the phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 1 in a radio frequency front end receiving circuit so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the phase consistency index among receiving channels under the condition that a plurality of radio frequency front end receiving channels work in parallel, and a signal output end is connected with a mixer 1 (22). The numerical control phase shifter 2(213) is connected with an LO2 (local oscillator signal 2) and used for receiving a TTL control instruction in a specific working mode (specifically, a superheterodyne working mode) and dynamically adjusting the phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 2 in the radio frequency front end receiving circuit to achieve the purpose of optimizing the phase consistency index among receiving channels under the condition that a plurality of radio frequency front end receiving channels work in parallel, and the signal output end is connected with the frequency mixer 2 (26). The numerical control phase shifters 1(212) and 2(213) are low-additional attenuation phase shifters, and the device selection can consider the numerical control phase shifters with the phase shift value of 360 degrees in total and the step of 5.625 degrees in step.
Further, in the present embodiment, the LO1 (local oscillator signal 1) signal frequency is 2 to 20GHz, and the LO2 (local oscillator signal 2) signal frequency is 23 to 24 GHz.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an implementation of a programmable amplification module according to an embodiment of the present invention. The programmable amplification module (3) comprises a programmable amplifier (3), (31), a power level limiter (32), a coupler (33) and a power detection comparison unit (34).
Specifically, the programmable amplifier 3(31) is connected to the output end of the reconfigurable mixing module (2), receives a TTL control instruction, dynamically configures a gain index of the programmable amplifier 3(31) according to a working mode of the radio frequency front-end receiving circuit, and is used for matching a signal power window value required by normal operation of the back-end AD sampling circuit, and the signal output end is connected to the power level amplitude limiter (32). The power level limiter (32) is connected with the output end of the programmable amplifier (3) (31) and used for limiting the signal power value of the input signal to be below a certain reasonable power level (such as 5dBm) in a certain input signal dynamic range, so that the back-end AD sampling circuit is ensured to be in a non-saturation working area or to be free from high-power signal damage, and the signal output end is connected with the coupler (33). The coupler (33) is connected to the output end of the power level limiter (32) and is used for coupling a part of working signal energy to the power detection comparison unit (34). The power detection comparing unit (34) is connected with the output end of the coupler (33), carries out detection quantization processing on the input signal power value, compares the quantized value with a reference threshold, and outputs fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4) if the quantized value is lower than the reference threshold.
Furthermore, the programmable amplifier 3(31) is a high-linearity gain-adjustable amplifier, the gain index configuration range is-10 to 30dB, and the tuning schematic diagram of the gain curve is shown in fig. 6; the power level limiter (32) is realized by combining an amplifier with a low output P-1 index (for example, the P-1 value is about 8 dBm) with a fixed attenuator; the coupling degree of the coupler (33) is about 10-20 dB; the reference threshold in the power detection comparison unit (34) is dynamically configurable along with the working mode, and the output alarm signal is TTL level.
In this embodiment, the reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit dynamically controls the operating states and technical parameters of functional units such as an amplifier and a filter through the design and algorithm of a reconfigurable circuit, so as to realize the reconfigurable function of various types of equipment such as radar, communication and electronic reconnaissance on core indexes such as operating frequency, gain, bandwidth and dynamic range, and meet the application requirements of multiple platforms. The reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit of the embodiment can share signal processing units such as a rear-end AD sampling circuit and the like through the integrated design of the radio frequency front-end receiving circuit in a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode and through the self-adaptive selection of a switch, and the increase of the circuit cost and the power consumption caused by the realization of the universal radio frequency front-end receiving of various working modes is avoided.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a working timing diagram of a reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the drawing, the reconfigurable rf front-end receiving circuit architecture of the present invention has a superheterodyne working mode, a zero intermediate frequency working mode, or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode, and is applied to a whole by combining functions of radar, communication, electronic reconnaissance, and the like. When the method is applied to a radar working mode, the method can work in a superheterodyne working mode or a zero intermediate frequency working mode by switching a link architecture switch, can receive radar echo signals, and outputs zero intermediate frequency or low intermediate frequency signals to perform AD sampling after one or two times of frequency conversion so as to complete radar echo signal measurement; when the device is applied to a communication working mode, the device can work in a zero intermediate frequency working mode or a radio frequency direct sampling working mode by switching a link architecture switch, can receive communication signals, and realizes demodulation of modulation modes of the communication signals such as QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying), BPSK (binary phase shift keying) and the like after AD (analog-to-digital) sampling or radio frequency direct sampling after one-time frequency conversion; when the method is applied to an electronic reconnaissance working mode, the method can work in a superheterodyne working mode by switching a link architecture switch, and after twice frequency conversion, low and intermediate frequency signals are output to carry out AD sampling so as to complete radar signal or communication signal measurement.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit is characterized by comprising a channel selection module (1), a reconfigurable mixing module (2), a programmable amplification module (3) and a working mode instruction module (4), wherein:
the working mode instruction module (4) is used for compiling the received external control signal and outputting a control instruction to the channel selection module (1), the reconfigurable mixing module (2) and the programmable amplification module (3);
the channel selection module (1) is used for carrying out amplitude limiting protection, low-noise amplification, receiving channel pre-selection and filtering functions on the received microwave signals and carrying out dynamic control on working states and performance parameters according to control instructions of the working mode instruction module (4);
the reconfigurable frequency mixing module (2) receives the output signal of the channel selection module (1), realizes the reconfiguration of the working mode of the receiving channel under the control of the working mode instruction module (4), and programs and sets the working bandwidth and the gain index of the receiving channel to obtain one output signal;
the programmable amplification module (3) receives an output signal of the reconfigurable mixing module (2), realizes programming setting of a working gain index under the control of the working mode instruction module (4), and outputs a signal to an analog-to-digital (AD) sampling circuit after amplification and amplitude limiting protection, or outputs one path of fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4).
2. The reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the channel selection module (1) comprises a self-checking operation switch (11), an ultra-wideband limiter (12), an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (13), a digitally controlled attenuator (14) and a channel selection filter (15) connected in sequence, wherein:
the self-checking working switch (11) receives a control instruction, selects two states of self-checking and working, and selectively receives antenna signal input or self-checking signal input;
the numerical control attenuator (14) receives a control instruction, attenuates the signal output by the ultra-wideband low-noise amplifier (13) and outputs the signal to the channel selection filter (15);
the channel selection filter (15) is used for dividing the working bandwidth into a plurality of sub-channels and selecting corresponding transmission channels according to the received signal frequency.
3. The reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the self-checking operating switch (11) is a mechanical switch; the numerical control attenuator (14) is a low additional phase shift attenuator; the channel selection filter (15) is composed of a multi-band MEMS filter.
4. The reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the reconfigurable mixing module (2) comprises a switch 1(21), a mixer 1(22), a switch 2(23), a programmable filter 1(24), a programmable amplifier 1(25), a mixer 2(26), a programmable filter 3(28), a programmable amplifier 2(29), a switch 3(210), a switch 4(211), a digitally controlled phase shifter 1(212) and a digitally controlled phase shifter 2(213), wherein:
the switch 1(21) is connected with the output end of the channel selection module (1), receives a control instruction, and connects an output signal to the mixer 1(22) or the switch 4(210) according to a selected working mode;
the input end of the mixer 1(22) is connected to the switch 1(21) and the output end of the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) and is used for mixing the output signal of the switch 1(21) and the output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) to obtain a high-intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode or a baseband signal or a low-intermediate frequency signal in a zero-intermediate frequency working mode, and the output end of the mixer 1(22) is connected to the switch 2 (23);
the switch 2(23) is connected with the output end of the mixer 1(22), receives TTL control instructions, and connects signals to the programmable filter 1(24) or the programmable filter 3(28) according to the selected working mode;
the programmable filter 1(24) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 1(24) according to the working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 1 (25);
the programmable amplifier 1(25) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 1(24), receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 1(25) according to the working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the mixer 2 (26);
the mixer 2(26) is connected to the output ends of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) and is configured to perform mixing processing on an output signal of the programmable amplifier 1(25) and an output signal of the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) to obtain a low intermediate frequency signal in a superheterodyne working mode, and a signal output end is connected to the programmable filter 2 (27);
the programmable filter 2(27) is connected with the output end of the mixer 2(26), receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 2(27) according to the working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3 (210);
the programmable filter 3(28) is connected with the output end of the switch 2(23), receives TTL control commands, dynamically configures the passband bandwidth of the programmable filter 3(28) according to the working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the programmable amplifier 2 (29);
the programmable amplifier 2(29) is connected with the output end of the programmable filter 3(28), receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 2(29) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the switch 3 (210);
the switch 3(210) is connected with the output signals of the programmable filter 2(27) and the programmable amplifier 2(29), receives TTL control instructions, and connects the output signals to the switch 4(211) according to the selected working mode;
the switch 4(211) is connected with output signals of the switches 1(21) and 3(210), receives TTL control instructions, and connects corresponding output signals to the programmable amplification module (3) according to a selected working mode;
the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) receives the local oscillator signal 1 and the TTL control instruction, is used for dynamically adjusting the phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 1 in the radio frequency front end receiving circuit in a corresponding working mode, and the signal output end is connected with the frequency mixer 1 (22);
the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) receives the local oscillator signal 2 and the TTL control instruction, and is configured to dynamically adjust a phase parameter of the local oscillator signal 2 in the radio frequency front end receiving circuit in the corresponding operating mode, and the signal output end is connected to the mixer 2 (26).
5. The reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit according to claim 4, wherein the signal frequency of the local oscillator signal 1 is 2 to 20GHz, and the signal frequency of the local oscillator signal 2 is 23 to 24 GHz; the mixers 1(22) and 1(26) are harmonic rejection double balanced mixers; the programmable amplifier 1(25) and the programmable amplifier 2(29) are high linearity adjustable gain amplifiers; the numerical control phase shifter 1(212) and the numerical control phase shifter 2(213) are low additional attenuation phase shifters.
6. The reconfigurable radio frequency front end receiving circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the programmable amplification block (3) comprises a programmable amplifier 3(31), a power level limiter (32), a coupler (33) and a power detection comparison unit (34), wherein:
the programmable amplifier 3(31) is connected with the output end of the reconfigurable mixing module (2), receives TTL control instructions, dynamically configures the gain index of the programmable amplifier 3(31) according to the working mode of a radio frequency front-end receiving circuit, and the signal output end is connected with the power level amplitude limiter (32);
the power level limiter (32) is connected with the output end of the programmable amplifier (3) (31) and is used for limiting the signal power value of the input signal to be below a set power level threshold value in the dynamic range of the input signal, and the signal output end is connected with the coupler (33);
the coupler (33) is connected with the output end of the power level limiter (32) and is used for coupling a part of working signal energy to the power detection comparison unit (34);
the power detection comparing unit (34) is connected with the output end of the coupler (33), carries out detection quantization processing on the input signal power value, compares the quantized value with a reference threshold, and outputs fault alarm information to the working mode instruction module (4) if the quantized value is lower than the reference threshold.
7. The reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit according to claim 6, wherein the programmable amplifier 3(31) is a high linearity adjustable gain amplifier; the power level amplitude limiter (32) is realized by combining an amplifier with a low output P-1 index and a fixed attenuator; the reference threshold in the power detection comparison unit (34) is dynamically configurable along with the working mode, and the output alarm signal is TTL level.
8. The reconfigurable radio frequency front-end receiving circuit according to claim 1, wherein the receiving channel operating modes include a superheterodyne operating mode, a zero intermediate frequency operating mode and a radio frequency direct sampling operating mode.
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