CN112511027B - 一种o-z源光伏并网逆变器 - Google Patents

一种o-z源光伏并网逆变器 Download PDF

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CN112511027B
CN112511027B CN202011375478.4A CN202011375478A CN112511027B CN 112511027 B CN112511027 B CN 112511027B CN 202011375478 A CN202011375478 A CN 202011375478A CN 112511027 B CN112511027 B CN 112511027B
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anode
cathode
side coil
inverter bridge
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CN112511027A (zh
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罗
吕哲
王琛琛
周明利
陈兴辉
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种O‑Z源光伏并网逆变器,包括:光伏阵列模块;O‑Z源网络,与光伏阵列模块连接,具有电力二极管、耦合电感线圈以及储能电容;逆变桥,具有与O‑Z源网络连接的直流输入端正极、与光伏阵列模块连接的直流输入端负极和交流输出端;滤波电路,具有输入端和输出端,输入端与逆变桥相连;以及电网,与滤波电路的输出端相连,其中,电力二极管具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块的正极连接,耦合电感线圈具有N1侧线圈与N2侧线圈,N1侧线圈的同名端与电力二极管的阴极连接,储能电容具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块的正极连接,阴极与N2侧线圈的同名端连接,N1侧线圈的异名端和N2侧线圈的异名端均与逆变桥连接。

Description

一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器
技术领域
本发明属于电力电子技术领域,具体涉及一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器。
背景技术
随着传统化石能源的逐渐枯竭,绿色可再生能源得到迅猛的发展。近十年来,太阳能光伏发电技术得到了各国的不断关注,已经成为利用太阳能的主要方式之一。开展太阳能光伏发电系统的研究,对于缓解能源和环境问题,改善能源消耗结构,提高分布式发电系统性能,开拓光伏发电产业,具有重大的理论和现实意义。
典型的光伏发电系统的功率调整系统分为单级控制结构和两级控制结构,由于光伏电池最大功率点电压随着环境变化波动较大,单级逆变器无直流升压环节,为了能够满足各最大功率点电压时的并网要求,逆变器直流母线电压需要跟踪光伏电池最大功率点电压在较大范围内波动,导致逆变器的功率容量较大;而两级逆变器导致功率级数增多,总效率下降,且硬件电路较多,可靠性较差,总成本增加。
Z源逆变器的出现为光伏并网系统提供了一种新的解决方案,它综和了单级电路和级联Boost电路的优点,不仅具有升压功能,且增加了逆变器的可靠性,同时Z源逆变器从本质上讲是单级系统,具有单级逆变器的结构简单、效率高等优点。从而得到业界的重视。于此同时,Z源逆变器Z源网络中电容电压应力过大,升压能力有限,启动输入电流大等问题也逐渐暴露出来。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述问题而进行的,目的在于提供一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器。
本发明提供了一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,具有这样的特征,包括:光伏阵列模块,作为电源,具有正极与负极;O-Z源网络,与光伏阵列模块连接,具有电力二极管、耦合电感线圈以及储能电容;逆变桥,具有直流输入端正极、直流输入端负极和交流输出端,直流输入端正极与O-Z源网络连接,直流输入端负极与光伏阵列模块的负极连接;滤波电路,具有输入端和输出端,输入端与逆变桥相连;以及电网,与滤波电路的输出端相连,其中,电力二极管具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块的正极连接,耦合电感线圈具有通过磁芯耦合的N1侧线圈与N2侧线圈,N1侧线圈的同名端与电力二极管的阴极连接,储能电容具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块的正极连接,阴极与N2侧线圈的同名端连接,N1侧线圈的异名端和N2侧线圈的异名端均与逆变桥连接,在电力二极管与N1侧线圈的串联支路中,耦合电感线圈在逆变桥一侧短路时将提高电压并超过电源电压,使得电力二极管关断,从而保护电路,在储能电容与N2侧线圈的串联支路中,储能电容在逆变桥一侧短路时吸收电能,在逆变桥一侧工作时释放电能。
在本发明提供的O-Z源光伏并网逆变器中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,N1侧线圈的匝数多于N2侧线圈的匝数。
在本发明提供的O-Z源光伏并网逆变器中,还可以具有这样的特征:其中,滤波电路包括三个与逆变桥连接的电感和三个电容,每个电容与每个电感对应连接组成一个滤波器,逆变桥输出的电流经过滤波电路进行滤波后输出为三相交流电。
发明的作用与效果
根据本发明所涉及的一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,因为耦合电感线圈在逆变桥一侧短路时将提高电压并超过电源电压,使得电力二极管关断,所以能够自动切断故障电流且响应迅速,有效隔离短路故障对电源侧的冲击,防止前级保护设备连锁保护,并且使得后级逆变器控制无需考虑死区时间,简化了电路控制难度;因为储能电容在逆变桥一侧短路时吸收电能,在逆变桥一侧工作时释放电能,所以能够将故障电流峰值限制在较低的水平;并且本发明采用的耦合电感线圈在故障暂态下工作于变压器模式,其暂态电流不会导致磁饱和,因此耦合电感线圈体积也得以显著缩减;另外,本发明比传统两级光伏并网结构所需原件少,成本低,本发明的O-Z源网络相对于传统的Z源网络,使用的电路元件更少,降低了成本,并解决了启动时输入电流大的问题,形成了保护电路,且升压能力更强,提供了更高的工作效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器的主拓扑结构图;
图2是本发明的实施例中O-Z源网络的拓扑结构图;
图3是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器基于simulink平台整体电路工作波形图;
图4是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器直通状态下的电压关系等效电路图;
图5是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器非直通状态下的电压关系等效电路图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段与功效易于明白了解,以下结合实施例及附图对本发明作具体阐述。
<实施例>
图1是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器的主拓扑结构图。
如图1所示,本实施例的一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器100,包括光伏阵列模块10、O-Z源网络20、逆变桥30、滤波电路40以及电网50。
光伏阵列模块10作为电源,具有正极与负极。
图2是本发明的实施例中O-Z源网络的拓扑结构图。
如图2所示,O-Z源网络20与光伏阵列模块10连接,具有电力二极管21、耦合电感线圈22以及储能电容23。
电力二极管21具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块10的正极连接。
耦合电感线圈22具有通过磁芯耦合的N1侧线圈221与N2侧线圈222,N1侧线圈221的同名端与电力二极管21的阴极连接。
N1侧线圈221的匝数多于N2侧线圈222的匝数。
储能电容23具有阳极与阴极,阳极与光伏阵列模块10的正极连接,阴极与N2侧线圈222的同名端连接。
逆变桥30具有直流输入端正极、直流输入端负极和交流输出端,直流输入端正极与O-Z源网络20连接,直流输入端负极与光伏阵列模块10的负极连接。
N1侧线圈221的异名端和N2侧线圈222的异名端均与逆变桥30连接。
滤波电路40具有输入端和输出端,输入端与逆变桥30相连。
滤波电路40包括三个与逆变桥连接的电感和三个电容,每个电容与每个电感对应连接组成一个滤波器,逆变桥30输出的电流经过滤波电路40进行滤波后输出为三相交流电。
电网50与滤波电路40的输出端相连。
本实施例中,O-Z源光伏并网逆变器100的工作过程如下:
在电力二极管21与N1侧线圈221的串联支路中,耦合电感线圈20在逆变桥30一侧短路时将提高电压并超过电源电压,使得电力二极管21关断,从而保护电路。
在储能电容23与N2侧线圈222的串联支路中,储能电容23在逆变桥30一侧短路时吸收电能,在逆变桥30一侧工作时释放电能。
本实施例中,还基于simulink平台对本发明的O-Z源光伏并网逆变器进行测试,本实施例中以光伏阵列模块10提供500V直流侧电压为例,其中,储能电容23为200μF,N1侧线圈221为1000μH,N2侧线圈222为250μH,耦合电感线圈22互感为495μH。直流侧电压经O-Z源网络20和逆变桥30后输出的线电压波形如图3所示。
图4是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器直通状态下的电压关系等效电路图。
如图4所示,直通状态时,电力二极管21反偏开路,逆变桥30由于直通短路,O-Z源网络20储存能量。
图5是本发明的实施例中O-Z源光伏并网逆变器非直通状态下的电压关系等效电路图。
如图5所示,非直通状态时,母线等效为电流源,O-Z源网络20向逆变桥30输送电能。
实施例的作用与效果
根据本实施例所涉及的一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,因为耦合电感线圈在逆变桥一侧短路时将提高电压并超过电源电压,使得电力二极管关断,所以能够自动切断故障电流且响应迅速,有效隔离短路故障对电源侧的冲击,防止前级保护设备连锁保护,并且使得后级逆变器控制无需考虑死区时间,简化了电路控制难度;因为储能电容在逆变桥一侧短路时吸收电能,在逆变桥一侧工作时释放电能,所以能够将故障电流峰值限制在较低的水平;并且本发明采用的耦合电感线圈在故障暂态下工作于变压器模式,其暂态电流不会导致磁饱和,因此耦合电感线圈体积也得以显著缩减;另外,本实施例比传统两级光伏并网结构所需原件少,成本低,本实施例的O-Z源网络相对于传统的Z源网络,使用的电路元件更少,降低了成本,并解决了启动时输入电流大的问题,形成了保护电路,且升压能力更强,提供了更高的工作效率。
上述实施方式为本发明的优选案例,并不用来限制本发明的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,其特征在于,包括:
光伏阵列模块,作为电源,具有正极与负极;
O-Z源网络,与所述光伏阵列模块连接,具有电力二极管、耦合电感线圈以及储能电容;
逆变桥,具有直流输入端正极、直流输入端负极和交流输出端,所述直流输入端正极与所述O-Z源网络连接,所述直流输入端负极与所述光伏阵列模块的负极连接;
滤波电路,具有输入端和输出端,所述输入端与所述逆变桥相连;以及
电网,与所述滤波电路的所述输出端相连,
其中,所述电力二极管具有阳极与阴极,阳极与所述光伏阵列模块的正极连接,
所述耦合电感线圈具有通过磁芯耦合的N1侧线圈与N2侧线圈,所述N1侧线圈的同名端与所述电力二极管的阴极连接,
所述储能电容具有阳极与阴极,阳极与所述光伏阵列模块的正极连接,阴极与所述N2侧线圈的同名端连接,
所述N1侧线圈的异名端和所述N2侧线圈的异名端均与所述逆变桥连接,
在所述电力二极管与所述N1侧线圈的串联支路中,所述耦合电感线圈在所述逆变桥一侧短路时将提高电压并超过电源电压,使得所述电力二极管关断,从而保护电路,
在所述储能电容与所述N2侧线圈的串联支路中,所述储能电容在所述逆变桥一侧短路时吸收电能,在所述逆变桥一侧工作时释放电能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,其特征在于:
其中,所述N1侧线圈的匝数多于所述N2侧线圈的匝数。
3.根据权利要求1所述的O-Z源光伏并网逆变器,其特征在于:
其中,所述滤波电路包括三个与所述逆变桥连接的电感和三个电容,每个电容与每个电感对应连接组成一个滤波器,所述逆变桥输出的电流经过所述滤波电路进行滤波后输出为三相交流电。
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