CN112510720B - Method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of transformer substation by considering expected faults - Google Patents

Method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of transformer substation by considering expected faults Download PDF

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CN112510720B
CN112510720B CN202011426408.7A CN202011426408A CN112510720B CN 112510720 B CN112510720 B CN 112510720B CN 202011426408 A CN202011426408 A CN 202011426408A CN 112510720 B CN112510720 B CN 112510720B
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贾琳
王茂海
罗亚洲
李小江
訾鹏
汤磊
李轶群
曾兵
赵峰
刘永锋
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Beijing King Star Hi Tech System Control Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of reactive voltage automatic control, and relates to a method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of a transformer substation by considering expected faults. According to the method, through the simulation of the expected fault set in the load valley period, the maximum voltage rise value of the central point bus voltage in different fault states is calculated, and meanwhile, the upper voltage control limit of the central point is calculated, so that the safety and stable operation of a power grid are guaranteed, and meanwhile, through the control of reverse voltage regulation of a transformer substation in the load valley period, the safety of the power grid is guaranteed, the voltage fluctuation is reduced, and the voltage quality of the power grid is improved.

Description

Method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of transformer substation by considering expected faults
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of reactive voltage automatic control, and relates to a method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of a transformer substation by considering expected faults.
Background
An Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) system is an important means for realizing safe (Voltage stability margin improvement), economic (network loss reduction) and high-quality (Voltage yield improvement) operation of a power transmission network. The AVC system is constructed on a power grid Energy Management System (EMS), can utilize real-time operation data of a power transmission network, scientifically decides an optimal reactive voltage regulation scheme from the perspective of global optimization of the power transmission network, and automatically issues the optimal reactive voltage regulation scheme to a power plant, a transformer substation and a subordinate power grid dispatching mechanism for execution. The architecture of automatic voltage control of a large power grid is described in "global voltage optimization control system design based on soft partitioning" (power system automation, 2003, volume 27, paragraph 8, pages 16-20) by grand son, zhenberging and guo celebration.
The power flow calculation of the power system is a calculation for researching the steady-state operation condition of the power system, calculates the voltage of a bus, the power of each element and the network loss according to given data, and evaluates the operation states of all parts of a power grid. And then, the operation of the power grid system is monitored and optimized according to the calculated data, so that the rationality, reliability and economy of a power supply scheme or an operation mode are improved. For the running power system, whether parameters such as the voltage of a bus, the power of a branch circuit and the like in the current system exceed limits can be evaluated through load flow calculation; if the abnormality occurs, measures are taken to adjust the operation mode.
The grid flow equation in polar coordinates can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002825026680000011
wherein V isiIs the amplitude of the bus i voltage, θiIs the phase angle, V, of the bus i voltagejIs the magnitude of the bus j voltage, θjThe phase angle of the voltage of the bus j, I represents a set of the bus j connected with the bus I through a branch; gijFor connecting bus bar i with bus barConductance of branch of line j, bijIs the susceptance of the branch. PGiFor active power generation on bus i, PDiFor active load on bus i, QGiFor reactive power generation of bus i, QDiIs the reactive load on bus i.
The power flow calculation can determine the steady-state operation state of the power grid under the condition of the determination of the power grid structure parameters. Nodes in the power grid can be divided into PQ nodes, PV nodes and V theta nodes according to different given variables, and power grid state variables, namely node voltage amplitude and phase angle, are calculated. The power flow equation is a group of high-order nonlinear algebraic equations and needs to be solved by an iterative method. The Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm is a power flow algorithm with second-order convergence, and therefore the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm is widely applied. In practical application, besides calculation according to the current actual operation condition of the power grid, the method can simulate and calculate the power flow state of the power grid after expected faults, and the adopted method is that on the basis of the current actual power flow calculation of the power grid, a line and a main transformer which are expected to have faults are set to be quit-run in a power grid model, and then the power flow is recalculated to obtain the power grid operation state after the faults.
The voltage deviation value of each stage in the power system does not exceed an allowable range. In the industrial standard DL/T1773 and 2017, the regulations of the technical guidelines of voltage and reactive power of power systems are that for a 500(330) kV bus, in a normal operation mode, the highest operation voltage does not exceed + 10% of the rated voltage of the system, and the lowest operation voltage does not influence the synchronous stability of the power system, the normal use of power of a power generation plant and the regulation of the voltage of the next stage. And for a 220kV bus, in a normal operation mode, the voltage allowable deviation is 0 to +10 percent of the rated voltage of the system. The accident operation mode is-5% to + 10% of the rated voltage of the system. For a 110-35kv bus, the normal operation mode is minus 3% to plus 7% of the rated voltage of the corresponding system and is plus or minus 10% of the rated voltage after an accident. The voltage regulation of the power system refers to the technical measures taken for keeping the operating voltage of each voltage pivot point in the power system within the specified allowable range, and the main voltage regulation modes are divided into three modes, namely reverse voltage regulation, constant voltage regulation and forward voltage regulation.
(1) And (5) inverse voltage regulation. The inverse voltage regulation is a voltage regulation mode that the system voltage pivot point voltage is increased to 105% times of the standard voltage to compensate the increased voltage loss on the line in the maximum load period, and the pivot point voltage is reduced to the standard voltage in the minimum load period to prevent the receiving end voltage from being overhigh. The reverse voltage regulation is used for making the voltage deviation meet the requirement of the voltage of the electric equipment, and the range of the reverse voltage regulation is preferably 0 to +5 percent of the rated voltage.
(2) And (5) constant pressure regulation. The normal voltage regulation refers to a voltage regulation mode that the voltage of a system voltage pivot point is basically kept unchanged no matter how the load changes, and the pivot point voltage is generally kept between 102 and 105 percent of rated voltage. This is generally applicable to the case where the load variation is small or the voltage loss on the line is small.
(3) And (6) regulating the pressure. The smoothing voltage regulation means a voltage regulation mode in which the voltage at the center point is appropriately reduced at the maximum load but not less than 102.5% of the rated voltage and the voltage at the center point is appropriately increased at the minimum load but not more than 107.5% of the rated voltage. The method is generally applicable to the conditions that the outgoing line is not too long and the load change is not large.
In the automatic voltage control process of the power transmission network, the reverse voltage regulation control is usually carried out on the bus voltage of the transformer substation in the low-valley period of the system load, the qualified voltage of the power grid is ensured, and meanwhile, the operation level of the bus voltage is properly reduced, so that the operation life of an equipment insulating device is prolonged, and overvoltage caused by faults can be prevented. The method for realizing inverse voltage regulation in AVC is to reduce the upper limit value of the bus voltage in the low valley period, so as to realize that the voltage in the low valley period is lower than the voltage values in other periods. At present, the upper limit value of the bus voltage in the inverse voltage regulation control in the conventional method is manually set in advance according to experience and is fixed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of a transformer substation by considering expected faults.
The invention provides a method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of a transformer substation by considering expected faults, which comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the load low-valley time period of the power system as Tl-LThe automatic voltage control period is TcWhereinlFor the start time of the load trough of the power system,Lthe load valley end time of the power system;
(2) in each automatic voltage control period TcWhen arriving, the current time T 'of the control period'cJudging if T'c∈Tl-LIf so, inverse voltage regulation control is required, and the step (3) is entered, if not
Figure BDA0002825026680000031
Then the inverse voltage regulation control is not needed, and the step (8) is carried out;
(3) reading a predetermined set of power system faults F from an automatic voltage control systemmWhere M ∈ {1,2.. M }, M denotes the total number of failures, read T'cTime power grid ground state tide section Pf；
(4) From the ground state power flow section P of the gridfVoltage value V of central pivot bus0Reading the center point bus B from the automatic voltage control systemnUpper limit value V of voltage planmaxAnd a central pivot bus BnVoltage planned lower limit value Vmin；
(5) Traversing the preset fault set F in the step (3)mIn the middle fault, the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm is adopted to carry out power flow calculation on the power system, and a central point bus B after the fault is obtainednVoltage value V offFurther obtain a center point bus BnThe deviation value set Δ Vf, set the cyclic variable x to 1, and the specific method is as follows:
(5-1) from a preset failure set FmRead the x-th failure, note the x-th failure as fx；
(5-2) to fail fxLeading the power grid state into a power grid ground state tide section PfIn the method, load flow calculation is carried out to obtain a new power grid load flow result Pf'；
(5-3) from the ground state power flow section P of the power gridf' middle reading center point bus BnVoltage value V offAnd calculating the center point bus BnGround state voltage V0Expected fault state voltage VfThe voltage deviation value av of (a) is,
ΔV＝Vf-V0；
(5-4) recording the voltage deviation value delta V of the step (5-3) to a center point bus BnThe deviation value set Δ Vf;
(5-5) comparing x with the total number M of faults so that x is x +1, if x is larger than M, entering the step (6), and if x is smaller than or equal to M, returning to the step (5-1);
(6) traversing each pivot point bus voltage deviation in the set delta Vf of the step (5) to obtain the maximum voltage rise value V of the pivot point bus voltageupAnd maximum pressure drop value
Figure BDA0002825026680000041
Setting up
Figure BDA0002825026680000042
Setting a cycle variable a as 1, wherein a is formed by {1,2.. M }, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(6-1) reading the a-th voltage deviation value Δ V from the set of voltage deviation values Δ Vf of the step (5-4)a；
(6-2) converting Δ VaMaximum voltage rise value of bus voltage with center point
Figure BDA0002825026680000043
In comparison, if
Figure BDA0002825026680000044
Then make
Figure BDA0002825026680000045
If it is
Figure BDA0002825026680000046
Entering the step (6-3);
(6-3) converting Δ VaAnd maximum pressure drop value
Figure BDA0002825026680000047
In comparison, if
Figure BDA0002825026680000048
Then make
Figure BDA0002825026680000049
If it is
Figure BDA00028250266800000410
Entering the step (6-4);
(6-4) comparing a with the total number M of faults so that a is a +1, if a is less than or equal to M, returning to the step (6-1), and if a is more than M, entering the step (7);
(7) according to the voltage plan upper limit value V of the central point bus in the step (4)maxAnd the maximum pressure rise value calculated in the step (6)
Figure BDA00028250266800000411
Calculating the upper limit value V of the inverse voltage regulation of the central pivot busup，
Figure BDA00028250266800000412
(8) V according to step (7)upCalculating the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central pivot bus
Figure BDA00028250266800000413
Namely:
Figure BDA00028250266800000414
(9) the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central point bus
Figure BDA00028250266800000415
And as the constraint of automatic voltage control, the reverse voltage regulation control of the central point of the transformer substation is realized.
The method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of the transformer substation by considering the expected faults has the advantages that:
according to the method for realizing the inverse voltage regulation control of the transformer substation by considering the expected faults, the expected fault set simulation is carried out in the load low-ebb period, the maximum voltage rise value of the central point bus voltage in different fault states is calculated, the voltage control upper limit of the central point is dynamically calculated, the safety and stable operation of a power grid are guaranteed, meanwhile, the inverse voltage regulation of the transformer substation in the load low-ebb period is controlled, the safety of the power grid is guaranteed, the voltage fluctuation is reduced, and therefore the voltage quality of the power grid is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing inverse voltage regulation control of a substation in consideration of expected faults, which is provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The method for realizing the inverse voltage regulation control of the transformer substation in consideration of the expected faults, which is provided by the invention, has the flow chart shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
(1) setting the load low-valley time period of the power system as Tl-LThe automatic voltage control period is TcWhereinlFor the start time of the load trough of the power system,Lthe load valley end time of the power system;
(2) in each automatic voltage control period TcAt the arrival time, the current time T 'of the control period'cJudging if T'c∈Tl-LIf it is necessary to perform inverse voltage regulation control, the process proceeds to step (3), and if it is necessary to perform inverse voltage regulation control
Figure BDA0002825026680000051
Then the inverse voltage regulation control is not needed, and the step (8) is carried out;
(3) reading a predetermined set of power system faults F from an automatic voltage control systemmWhere M ∈ {1,2.. M }, M denotes the total number of failures, read T'cTime power grid ground state tide section Pf；
(4) From the ground state power flow section P of the gridfVoltage value V of central pivot bus0Reading the center point bus B from the automatic voltage control systemnUpper limit value V of voltage planmaxAnd a central pivot bus BnVoltage planned lower limit value Vmin；
(5) Traversing the preset fault set F in the step (3)mIn the fault, the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm in the background technology is adopted to carry out power flow calculation on the power system, and a central point bus B after the fault is obtainednVoltage value V offFurther obtain a center point bus BnThe deviation value set Δ Vf, set the cyclic variable x to 1, and the specific method is as follows:
(5-1) from a preset failure set FmRead the x-th failure, note the x-th failure as fx；
(5-2) will fail fxLeading the power grid state into a power grid ground state tide section PfIn the method, load flow calculation is carried out to obtain a new power grid load flow result Pf'；
(5-3) from the ground state power flow section P of the power gridf' middle reading center point bus BnVoltage value V offAnd calculating the center point bus BnGround state voltage V0Expected fault state voltage VfThe voltage deviation value av of (a) is,
ΔV＝Vf-V0；
(5-4) recording the voltage deviation value delta V of the step (5-3) to a center point bus BnThe deviation value set Δ Vf;
(5-5) comparing x with the total number M of faults so that x is x +1, if x is larger than M, entering the step (6), and if x is smaller than or equal to M, returning to the step (5-1);
(6) traversing each pivot point bus voltage deviation in the set delta Vf of the step (5) to obtain the maximum voltage rise value V of the pivot point bus voltageupAnd maximum pressure drop value
Figure BDA0002825026680000061
Setting up
Figure BDA0002825026680000062
Setting a cycle variable a as 1, wherein a is formed by {1,2.. M }, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(6-1) reading the a-th voltage deviation value Δ V from the set of voltage deviation values Δ Vf of the step (5-4)a；
(6-2)Will be delta VaMaximum voltage rise value of bus voltage with center point
Figure BDA0002825026680000063
In comparison, if
Figure BDA0002825026680000064
Then make
Figure BDA0002825026680000065
If it is
Figure BDA0002825026680000066
Entering the step (6-3);
(6-3) converting Δ VaAnd maximum pressure drop value
Figure BDA0002825026680000067
In comparison, if
Figure BDA0002825026680000068
Then make
Figure BDA0002825026680000069
If it is
Figure BDA00028250266800000610
Entering the step (6-4);
(6-4) comparing a with the total number M of faults so that a is a +1, if a is less than or equal to M, returning to the step (6-1), and if a is more than M, entering the step (7);
(7) according to the voltage plan upper limit value V of the central point bus in the step (4)maxAnd the maximum pressure rise value calculated in the step (6)
Figure BDA00028250266800000611
Calculating the upper limit value V of the inverse voltage regulation of the central pivot busup，
Figure BDA00028250266800000612
(8) V according to step (7)upCalculating the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central pivot bus
Figure BDA00028250266800000613
Namely:
Figure BDA00028250266800000614
(9) the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central point bus
Figure BDA00028250266800000615
And as the constraint of automatic voltage control, the inverse voltage regulation control of the central point of the transformer substation is realized.

Claims (1)

1. A method for realizing inverse voltage regulation control of a transformer substation in consideration of expected faults is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting the load low-valley time period of the power system as Tl-LThe automatic voltage control period is TcWhereinlFor the start time of the load trough of the power system,Lthe load valley end time of the power system;
(2) in each automatic voltage control period TcAt the arrival time, the current time T 'of the control period'cJudging if T'c∈Tl-LIf so, inverse voltage regulation control is required, and the step (3) is entered, if not
Figure FDA0003516514700000011
The inverse voltage regulation control is not needed, and the step (2) is returned;
(3) reading a predetermined set of power system faults F from an automatic voltage control systemmWhere M ∈ {1,2.. M }, M denotes the total number of failures, read T'cTime power grid ground state tide section Pf；
(4) From the ground state power flow section P of the gridfVoltage value V of central pivot bus0Reading the center point bus B from the automatic voltage control systemnUpper limit value V of voltage planmaxAnd a central pivot bus BnPlanned lower limit value of voltageVmin；
(5) Traversing the preset fault set F in the step (3)mIn the middle fault, the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm is adopted to carry out power flow calculation on the power system, and a central point bus B after the fault is obtainednVoltage value V offFurther obtain a center point bus BnThe cyclic variable x is 1, and the specific method is as follows:
(5-1) from a preset failure set FmRead the x-th failure, note the x-th failure as fx；
(5-2) will fail fxLeading the power grid state into a power grid ground state tide section PfIn the method, load flow calculation is carried out to obtain a new power grid load flow result Pf'；
(5-3) from the ground state power flow section P of the power gridf' middle reading center point bus BnVoltage value V offAnd calculating the center point bus BnGround state voltage V0Expected fault state voltage VfThe voltage deviation value av of (a) is,
ΔV＝Vf-V0；
(5-4) recording the voltage deviation value delta V of the step (5-3) to a center point bus BnThe deviation value set Δ Vf;
(5-5) comparing x with the total number M of faults so that x is x +1, if x is larger than M, entering the step (6), and if x is smaller than or equal to M, returning to the step (5-1);
(6) traversing each pivot point bus voltage deviation in the set delta Vf of the step (5) to obtain the maximum voltage rise value of the pivot point bus voltage
Figure FDA0003516514700000021
And maximum pressure drop value
Figure FDA0003516514700000022
Setting up
Figure FDA0003516514700000023
Setting a cycle variable a as 1, wherein a is formed by {1,2.. M }, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(6-1) reading the a-th voltage deviation value Δ V from the set of voltage deviation values Δ Vf of the step (5-4)a；
(6-2) converting Δ VaMaximum voltage rise value of bus voltage with center point
Figure FDA0003516514700000024
In comparison, if
Figure FDA0003516514700000025
Then make
Figure FDA0003516514700000026
If it is
Figure FDA0003516514700000027
Entering the step (6-3);
(6-3) converting Δ VaAnd maximum pressure drop value
Figure FDA0003516514700000028
In comparison, if
Figure FDA0003516514700000029
Then make
Figure FDA00035165147000000210
If it is
Figure FDA00035165147000000211
Entering the step (6-4);
(6-4) comparing a with the total number M of faults so that a is a +1, if a is less than or equal to M, returning to the step (6-1), and if a is more than M, entering the step (7);
(7) according to the voltage plan upper limit value V of the central point bus in the step (4)maxAnd the maximum rise value calculated in the step (6)
Figure FDA00035165147000000212
Calculating the upper limit value V of the inverse voltage regulation of the central pivot busup，
Figure FDA00035165147000000213
(8) V according to step (7)upCalculating the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central pivot bus
Figure FDA00035165147000000214
Namely:
Figure FDA00035165147000000215
(9) the upper limit value of the counter voltage regulation control of the central point bus
Figure FDA00035165147000000216
And as the constraint of automatic voltage control, the inverse voltage regulation control of the central point of the transformer substation is realized.
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