CN112508415A - Construction method of wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system, belongs to the technical field of wetland ecological hydrology, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, comprehensively evaluating a concept framework; secondly, connectivity evaluation is carried out; thirdly, determining an evaluation index; fourthly, evaluating the weight of the index; and fifthly, comprehensively evaluating the model. The method selects the communication index based on the communication mode and the ecological mechanism of the wetland ecosystem and the comprehensive structure and function characteristics, and systematically quantifies the current situation of the wetland communication degree by establishing a wetland connectivity index calculation method and a comprehensive evaluation method. The invention takes the system theory as guidance and starts to construct a structure and functions from multiple angles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wetland ecological hydrology, and particularly relates to a construction method for a comprehensive evaluation index system by utilizing wetland hydrology communication degree.
Background
The wetland hydrologic communication refers to the capability of carrying out material transportation, energy transfer and biological migration among different wetlands or in the same wetland by taking water as a medium. The wetland hydrologic communication starts from the morphological structure of the water ecosystem and is closely related to the function of the hydrologic ecosystem, so that the hydrologic communication is divided into Structural communication (Structural connection) and Functional communication (Functional connection). The structural communication reflects a static process and represents the hydrological continuity of wetlands such as swamps, rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like in space; functional connectivity refers to runoff size generated by interaction of the spatial pattern of hydrologic connectivity with watershed processes, transport (flux, sediment, nutrients) ability and changes of water as a carrier, and long-term landscape transitions and short-term environmental condition changes (such as rainfall, etc.) associated with hydrologic connectivity molding, reflecting a dynamic change process.
For the wetland ecosystem, hydrological connectivity and water flow are important links for energy, substance and information transfer among wetland surface water bodies, and the hydrological connectivity is a key factor for maintaining the wetland ecosystem health. The hydrological connectivity of the wetland is a necessary condition for maintaining the normal operation of a wetland ecosystem, and is a basis for the exertion of all functions of the wetland. Therefore, whether the priority of a plurality of wetland protection restoration is determined or the hydrologic communication function of a single wetland is evaluated, the method is established on the basis of quantitative evaluation of wetland hydrologic communication.
Most wetland hydrological communication evaluation methods are deduced from water system communication evaluation methods, and no comprehensive hydrological communication evaluation method specially aiming at a wetland system exists. Most of the quantitative methods for wetland hydrological connectivity are that researchers evaluate one or more aspects of the evolution of wetland hydrological communication water quality, organisms, soil and the like by a single index comparison method according to own research purposes, research methods and related data information, so that a method for comprehensively evaluating wetland hydrological communication from a multi-angle system is urgently needed, and the communication degree of the evaluation structure and the function is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the lack of a comprehensive wetland hydrological communication quantitative evaluation method and provides a construction method of a wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system.
The construction method of the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system comprises the following steps:
firstly, a comprehensive evaluation concept framework:
constructing a set of multi-level evaluation index system DSR frame model comprising a driving force system, a state system and a response system for evaluating the connectivity of the wetland;
II, connectivity evaluation index:
according to the DSR framework model, from the perspective of a driving force system, a state system and a response system, screening out indexes capable of well reflecting the hydrologic communication degree, namely a system layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, and establishing a function-structure evaluation index system of connectivity;
thirdly, determining an evaluation index:
assigning values to the wetland hydrologic communication degree grade by combining the actual condition of a research area, and simultaneously determining grade defining standards and methods of all indexes in an evaluation index system;
fourthly, evaluating the weight of the index:
after calculating the weight by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, further summarizing different judgment results of a plurality of experts through a group judgment theory, and calculating the confidence coefficient of each expert to obtain the final weight of each index;
fifthly, comprehensive evaluation model:
and after obtaining each single index evaluation value and the weight thereof, calculating the obtained wetland hydrological communication comprehensive index by using a superposition index method.
The invention has the advantages that:
firstly, a comprehensive hydrologic communication quantitative evaluation system which is based on a hydrologic communication mechanism and mode and spans multiple space-time scales is constructed, and the transition of hydrologic communication indexes from patches to regions to landscape scales is realized.
And secondly, the evaluation result is the comprehensive evaluation of the structure-function communication of the whole region, and the system reflects both the structure communication and the function communication.
And thirdly, the index system is not specific to a certain region or a single-scale hydrologic communication situation, but has universality.
The method selects the communication index based on the communication mode and the ecological mechanism of the wetland ecosystem and the comprehensive structure and function characteristics, and systematically quantifies the current situation of the wetland communication degree by establishing a wetland connectivity index calculation method and a comprehensive evaluation method. The invention takes the system theory as guidance and starts to construct a structure and functions from multiple angles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of comprehensive evaluation results of hydrologic connectivity of the morog protected area in 2019, which are finally obtained in the first experiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the construction method of the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system comprises the following steps:
firstly, a comprehensive evaluation concept framework:
constructing a set of multi-level evaluation index system DSR frame model comprising a Driving force (Driving forces) system, a State (State) system and a Response (Response) system for evaluating the wetland connectivity;
II, connectivity evaluation index:
based on the connotation, characteristics and a communication mechanism of the wetland connectivity, in combination with the selection principle of indexes, screening out indexes capable of well reflecting the hydrologic communication degree of the indexes, namely a system layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, from the perspective of a driving force system, a state system and a response system respectively according to a DSR framework model, and establishing a functional-structure evaluation index system of the connectivity;
thirdly, determining an evaluation index:
assigning values to the wetland hydrologic communication degree grade by combining the actual condition of a research area, and simultaneously determining grade defining standards and methods of all indexes in an evaluation index system;
fourthly, evaluating the weight of the index:
after calculating the weight by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, further summarizing different judgment results of a plurality of experts through a group judgment theory, and calculating the confidence coefficient of each expert to obtain the final weight of each index;
fifthly, comprehensive evaluation model:
and after obtaining each single index evaluation value and the weight thereof, calculating the obtained wetland hydrological communication comprehensive index by using a superposition index method.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the driving force system in the step one is composed of natural factors and human factors; the natural factors are annual precipitation, vegetation coverage and elevation difference; the human factors are road network density, farmland reclamation area rate, irrigation canal density and population density. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the first or second difference between the present embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the state system of the first step includes structural communication and communication form; the structural connectivity is a likelihood connectivity index, a connectivity index, and a communication path density; the communication form is a communication mode and communication aging. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that step one the response system includes hydrodynamic, matter energy and ecological communication; the hydrodynamic communication is a permeability coefficient and a water area ratio; the mass energy communication is a chloride ion index and an isotope tracing index; the ecological connectivity is a plant diversity index and an animal habitat area ratio. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The following experiments are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
experiment one:
a comprehensive hydrologic communication quantitative index system crossing space-time scales is established by using national-level natural protection area research objects of Momoge national level in West of Jilin province based on a drive-state-response (DSR) theoretical framework, and the hydrologic communication structure-function degree of the protection area in 2019 is subjected to subarea quantitative evaluation.
The construction method of the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system comprises the following steps:
firstly, a comprehensive evaluation concept framework:
constructing a set of multi-level evaluation index system DSR frame model comprising a Driving force (Driving forces) system, a State (State) system and a Response (Response) system for evaluating the wetland connectivity;
II, connectivity evaluation index:
based on the connotation, characteristics and a communication mechanism of the wetland connectivity, in combination with the selection principle of indexes, screening out indexes capable of well reflecting the hydrologic communication degree of the indexes, namely a system layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, from the perspective of a driving force system, a state system and a response system respectively according to a DSR framework model, and establishing a functional-structure evaluation index system of the connectivity;
the driving force system is composed of natural factors and human factors, and the driving force of the change of the wetland hydrologic communication is each change factor. The state system is a condition characteristic of hydrologic communication in a certain period of time and is mainly described from the structural communication state and the communication form of the state system. Functional communication is achieved through structural communication and other factors affecting the interaction, and functional communication includes hydrodynamic, physical and ecological communication. The specific indexes of the index layer are further screened based on the standard layers, and the specific indexes are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 evaluation index systems and descriptions
Thirdly, determining an evaluation index:
assigning values to the wetland hydrologic communication degree grade by combining the actual condition of a research area, and simultaneously determining grade defining standards and methods of all indexes in an evaluation index system;
the assignment condition of the wetland hydrological communication degree is shown in a table 2, and the grade definition standard and the method of each index in the evaluation index system are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 2 moisture communication degree division table for wetland
TABLE 3 grading standards of hydrologic communication degree evaluation indexes and determination method
Fourthly, evaluating the weight of the index:
after calculating the weight by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, further summarizing different judgment results of a plurality of experts through a group judgment theory, and calculating the confidence coefficient of each expert to obtain the final weight of each index;
fuzzy analytic hierarchy process:
firstly, the calculation process is as follows:
(1) determining a blur scale
The difference between the modulus analytic hierarchy process and the original analytic hierarchy process is that the constructed fuzzy matrix changes, and a judgment matrix a satisfying the fuzzy matrix scale is adopted, and the concrete scale is as the following table 4, and the judgment matrix a formed by 3 scales is (a ═ij)n×nHas the following properties:
aij+aji＝1 (7-1)
aii＝0.5 (7-2)
TABLE 43 fuzzy scales
(2) Correlation definition
Definition 1 sets a matrix a ═ aij)n×nIf there is 0. ltoreq. aijAnd if the matrix A is less than or equal to 1, the matrix A is called a fuzzy matrix.
Definition 2 sets the matrix a ═ aij)n×nIf aij+ajiWhen 1, the matrix a is called fuzzy complementary matrix.
Definition 4 is provided with fuzzy complementary matrix Al＝(aij (l))n×n(l ═ 1, 2, …, s), and
then call the matrix
Is a composite matrix of Al (l ═ 1, 2, …, s), i.e. it is
As can be seen from the above definitions, the matrix with fuzzy consistency is still a fuzzy consistency matrix after synthesis. Therefore, the judgment matrices constructed by the above 3 scales are all fuzzy complementary judgment matrices.
(3) Matrix consistency conversion
Theorem 1 if the fuzzy complementary matrix A is summed by row, it is recorded as
Then, equation 7-3 is transformed as follows
Then the matrix R ═ Rij)n×nAre fuzzy and consistent. The term "a" is 2 (n-1).
(4) Calculation of weights
The weight of the matrix R can be found by the sum method, and the calculation formula is as follows:
the following was demonstrated: according to formula (7-5) have
As can be seen from equation (7-6), when calculating the weights of the decision matrix, there is no need to perform a consistency check on the weights, and there is no need to convert the decision matrix first, because the above-mentioned condition is satisfied at the beginning of constructing the matrix. Therefore, human errors which may be generated in the calculation process are reduced, and meanwhile, the complicated calculation process is greatly reduced.
After the weights are calculated by using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, further by using a group decision theory and taking an expert group as a decision subject, different judgment results of a plurality of experts are summarized, and the final weight of each index is obtained by calculating the confidence coefficient of each expert, so that the weight of each index of each layer is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 comprehensive weight calculation results
Fifthly, comprehensive evaluation model:
after obtaining the evaluation values and weights of the single indexes, calculating the obtained comprehensive index of the wetland hydrological communication by using a superposition index method (forming a comprehensive index reflecting the fragility degree by superposing the sub-indexes of the selected evaluation parameters, and then evaluating the comprehensive index). And obtaining a contour map of each index by using a Kring interpolation method, then forming a corresponding surface attribute file, assigning values to the surface file according to the evaluation standard and the classification of each index, finally performing product superposition by combining weights determined by a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to obtain a comprehensive index value, and completing the evaluation of the Momoge hydrological communication degree by using the drawing, space analysis, image analysis and attribute library management functions of the system.
Sixthly, comprehensive evaluation results of the hydrologic connectivity degree:
finally obtaining the grade distribution of hydrologic communication conditions of the Momoge wetland in 2019 (figure 1). Through quantitative estimation of the system, hydrologic communication of the sub-basins 5 (second billow wetland), 8 (white crane lake) and 6 (Harberrax) 16 (moon bubble) is I-level, and the area is 531.50km2Occupying 36% of the whole area; the evaluation grades of the subpoena 1 (Gashigen), 2 (island root island), 9 (Black Fish mouth), 14 (Shijia Baozi) and 11 (horizontal Porter) are II grade, and the area is 343.80km2Occupies 23 percent of the whole area; the evaluation grades of the sub-watershed 4 (Hangzhou fire), 7 (Shijia Baozi) and 19 (Xiaohara) are III and the area is 122.37km28% of the total area; the evaluation ratings of subdomains 3 (Bengthao sho), 10 (Dagaoshenzi), 13 (Nashitou), 15 (Nanmo), 17 (Daquandazi) and 21 (Hala fire) were IV grade, and the area was 380.03km2Occupies 25 percent of the whole area; the evaluation grades of the sub-watershed 12 (elm sentry), 18 (hujia shack) and 20 (four families) are V-grade, and the area is 99.93km2And occupies 0.06 percent of the whole area.
The evaluation result is a comprehensive evaluation of the structure-function communication of the whole area, the evaluation is an I-level area, which shows that the water body on the surface has better connectivity, certain surface-underground interaction, better hydrological situation and nutrient substance environment, rich vegetation types and obvious animal retention and aggregation, wherein the two dragons wetland is a main retention area of the white crane, and the evaluation is further verified. The overall evaluation result of the protection zone is that the area occupation ratio of the I level is 36 percent at most, the area of the IV level is 25 percent at the next time, and the area with the worst connectivity is relatively minimum.
Claims (4)
1. The method for constructing the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, a comprehensive evaluation concept framework:
constructing a set of multi-level evaluation index system DSR frame model comprising a driving force system, a state system and a response system for evaluating the connectivity of the wetland;
II, connectivity evaluation index:
according to the DSR framework model, from the perspective of a driving force system, a state system and a response system, screening out indexes capable of well reflecting the hydrologic communication degree, namely a system layer, a criterion layer and an index layer, and establishing a function-structure evaluation index system of connectivity;
thirdly, determining an evaluation index:
assigning values to the wetland hydrologic communication degree grade by combining the actual condition of a research area, and simultaneously determining grade defining standards and methods of all indexes in an evaluation index system;
fourthly, evaluating the weight of the index:
after calculating the weight by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, further summarizing different judgment results of a plurality of experts through a group judgment theory, and calculating the confidence coefficient of each expert to obtain the final weight of each index;
fifthly, comprehensive evaluation model:
and after obtaining each single index evaluation value and the weight thereof, calculating the obtained wetland hydrological communication comprehensive index by using a superposition index method.
2. The method for constructing the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system according to claim 1, wherein the driving force system in the first step consists of natural factors and human factors;
the natural factors are annual precipitation, vegetation coverage and elevation difference;
the human factors are road network density, farmland reclamation area rate, irrigation canal density and population density.
3. The method for constructing the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system according to claim 1, wherein the state system in the step one comprises a structure communication mode and a communication mode;
the structural connectivity is a likelihood connectivity index, a connectivity index, and a communication path density;
the communication form is a communication mode and communication aging.
4. The method for constructing the wetland hydrological communication degree comprehensive evaluation index system according to claim 1, wherein the response system in the first step comprises hydrodynamic communication, matter energy communication and ecological communication;
the hydrodynamic communication is a permeability coefficient and a water area ratio;
the matter energy communication is a chloride ion index and an isotope tracing index;
the ecological connectivity is a plant diversity index and an animal habitat area ratio.
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