CN112505711A - Device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using reflective volume Bragg grating - Google Patents
Device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using reflective volume Bragg grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN112505711A CN112505711A CN202011329045.5A CN202011329045A CN112505711A CN 112505711 A CN112505711 A CN 112505711A CN 202011329045 A CN202011329045 A CN 202011329045A CN 112505711 A CN112505711 A CN 112505711A
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- bragg grating
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
- G02B5/1861—Reflection gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for filtering laser radar spectrum by utilizing a reflective volume Bragg grating, which comprises a narrow pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, an optical receiving system, a lens, an optical pore, the reflective volume Bragg grating and a photoelectric detector, wherein when output light beams pass through the reflective volume Bragg grating, a Bragg diffraction effect is generated when the Bragg diffraction condition is met, the light beams which do not meet the condition are transmitted through the volume grating, the bandwidth of the diffracted light beams is further narrowed, the intensity loss is small, the bandwidth of laser radar echo signals can be effectively reduced, the signal to noise ratio is improved, and particularly when the laser radar is applied to a strong background light environment, the laser radar spectrum filtering effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser radar spectrum filtering, in particular to a reflective device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using a reflective volume Bragg grating.
Background
As an active detection technology capable of accurately and quickly acquiring three-dimensional space information of a target, a laser radar is widely applied to ranging, tracking, imaging guidance, atmospheric monitoring, active remote sensing and the like. In order to obtain better echo signals of the laser radar, better laser monochromaticity, i.e. a narrower spectral line width, is generally required. The laser radar spectrum filtering effect is improved, and the narrower signal bandwidth is gradually the research key point. In the existing laser radar receiving system, the receiving mode generally adopts a laser direct receiving mode, and the spectral filtering widely adopts a narrow-band optical filter for filtering. The minimum peak transmittance at the central wavelength of the common optical filter is generally 40-70%, the bandwidth of the filter is generally 5-10nm, the central wavelength of the optical filter is fixed, the spectral filtering effect is poor, and the accuracy of the laser radar detection signal is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the conventional laser radar spectrum filtering technology and provides a device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using a reflective volume Bragg grating. The invention has the characteristics of clear principle, convenient operation, simple structure and the like, can effectively improve the efficiency of spectral filtering, greatly reduces the bandwidth of laser echo signals and improves the signal-to-noise ratio.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a device for laser radar spectrum filtering by using a reflective volume Bragg grating comprises the reflective volume Bragg grating, a narrow-band pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, an optical receiving system and a photoelectric detector. The narrow-band pulse laser emits high repetition frequency, laser pulse with narrow pulse width passes through the optical emission system, is reflected by a target object, is received by the optical receiving system, and further reduces the divergence angle and the beam diameter of the laser pulse and outputs the laser pulse after passing through the first lens, the optical pinhole and the second lens. The output light beam via the reflection type volume Bragg grating generates Bragg diffraction effect when satisfying Bragg diffraction condition, the light beam not satisfying condition is transmitted via the volume grating, the bandwidth of the diffracted light beam is further narrowed, and the intensity loss is very small, thereby effectively reducing the bandwidth of laser radar echo signals, improving the signal-to-noise ratio and improving the spectrum filtering effect of the laser radar.
In order to realize further optimization of the invention, further measures are as follows: the pulse width of the narrow-band pulse laser is smaller than the spectral bandwidth of the reflective volume Bragg grating. The repetition frequency is high and the peak power is high.
Furthermore, the reflective volume Bragg grating is of a three-dimensional structure, has the same performance on two end faces and can generate Bragg diffraction. The laser diffraction grating has high diffraction efficiency, high transmittance, good wavelength selectivity and angle selectivity and high laser damage threshold.
Furthermore, two end faces of the reflective volume Bragg grating are coated with antireflection films, so that the reflective volume Bragg grating has extremely high transmittance.
Furthermore, the reflective volume Bragg grating has better wavelength selectivity, and the spectral bandwidth of the diffracted light is less than 100 pm.
Further, the reflective volume bragg grating has a high diffraction efficiency, which is greater than 95% at the center wavelength.
Furthermore, the reflective volume Bragg grating has better angle selectivity, and the central wavelength can be changed according to the change of the incident light angle.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
gratings are widely used in a variety of optical systems, including lidar. When laser beams enter the end face of the reflective volume grating at a Bragg diffraction angle, Bragg diffraction occurs when the Bragg diffraction condition is met, diffracted light and incident light are positioned on the same side, the rest light which does not meet the Bragg diffraction condition is transmitted by the volume Bragg grating through the end face, the bandwidth of diffracted light beams is narrow and is the same as the central wavelength of the incident light beams, and background light with other wavelengths does not influence, so that the purpose of spectral filtering is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the traditional grating, the reflective volume Bragg grating has good wavelength selectivity, can effectively reduce the spectral bandwidth, improves the signal-to-noise ratio and improves the quality of echo signals.
(2) Compared with the traditional grating, the reflective volume Bragg grating has extremely high diffraction efficiency, can effectively ensure the intensity of light beams after being diffracted by the reflective volume Bragg grating, and is beneficial to subsequent detection.
(3) The reflective volume Bragg grating has extremely high transmittance, and the end face of the reflective volume Bragg grating is plated with an antireflection film, so that stray light interference can be effectively filtered.
(4) The reflective volume Bragg grating has extremely high laser damage threshold and good material stability, so that the reflective volume Bragg grating can be applied to high-power laser radars to improve the detection performance.
(5) The reflective volume Bragg grating has good angle selectivity, and can diffract light beams with different central wavelengths when the incident angle of the light beam is changed.
(6) The reflective volume Bragg grating is small in size, convenient to install, flexible in use mode and capable of being applied to a small laser radar filtering system.
(7) The invention has the characteristics of clear principle, simple structure, convenient operation, effective reduction of the laser radar echo signal spectral bandwidth, improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio and improvement of the signal quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for laser radar spectral filtering using reflective volume Bragg gratings according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflective volume Bragg grating structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application. All other embodiments that can be derived by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention is a device for laser radar spectrum filtering by using a reflective volume bragg grating, comprising a narrow pulse laser (I), an optical transmitting system (II), an optical receiving system (III), a first lens (IV), an optical small hole (III), a second lens (VI), a reflective volume bragg grating (VII) and a photoelectric detector (VIII); the narrow pulse laser emits laser pulse, which is input to the optical emitting system, reflected from the target object and received by the optical receiving system, and after collimation and shrinkage by the first lens, the optical small hole and the second lens, the bandwidth and diameter of the laser pulse are narrowed, and the laser pulse is incident on the reflecting type body Bragg grating end face, and the light meeting the Bragg diffraction condition is diffracted by the reflecting type body Bragg grating and detected by the photoelectric detector on the same side with the incident light. And the spectral bandwidth is further narrowed, the intensity change is small, and the rest background light can be transmitted by the reflective volume Bragg grating, so that the effect of laser radar spectral filtering is achieved.
The pulse width of the narrow pulse laser is smaller than the spectral bandwidth of the reflective volume Bragg grating.
As shown in fig. 2, the reflective volume bragg grating is a three-dimensional structure, and both end surfaces have the same performance and can generate bragg diffraction. The laser diffraction grating has high diffraction efficiency, high transmittance, good wavelength selectivity and angle selectivity and high laser damage threshold.
According to the specific embodiment, the invention discloses a device for laser radar spectrum filtering by utilizing a reflective volume Bragg grating, which solves the problems of low transmittance, wide spectrum and low signal-to-noise ratio of the traditional device compared with the traditional laser radar spectrum filtering device, simplifies an optical path system, improves the convenience of operation and expands the application range of a laser radar.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an utilize reflective volume Bragg grating to carry out laser radar spectral filtering's device which characterized in that: the device comprises a narrow pulse laser (I), an optical emission system (II), an optical receiving system (III), a first lens (II), an optical aperture (III), a second lens (III), a reflective body Bragg grating (III) and a photoelectric detector (III), wherein the narrow pulse laser (I) emits laser with narrow pulse width and high repetition frequency, the laser is input into the optical emission system (II), passes through a target to be detected, is received by the optical receiving system (III), passes through the first lens (III), the optical aperture (III) and the second lens (IV), the bandwidth and the diameter of the laser pulse are narrowed, and then enters the end face of the reflective body Bragg grating, light meeting Bragg diffraction conditions is diffracted by the reflective body Bragg grating and is positioned at the same side with incident light, the spectral bandwidth is further narrowed, the intensity change is small, and the laser is received by the photoelectric detector (III), the rest of the background light is transmitted by the reflective volume Bragg grating, so that the effect of laser radar spectrum filtering is achieved.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the pulse width of the narrow-band pulse laser (i) is less than the spectral bandwidth of the reflective volume Bragg grating, the repetition frequency is high, and the peak power is high.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the reflective volume Bragg grating is of a three-dimensional structure, has the same performance on two end faces and can generate Bragg diffraction.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the two end faces of the reflective volume Bragg grating are coated with antireflection films, so that the optical fiber has extremely high transmittance.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the reflective volume Bragg grating has better wavelength selectivity, and the spectral bandwidth of diffracted light is less than 100 pm.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the reflective volume Bragg grating has high diffraction efficiency, and the diffraction efficiency at the central wavelength is more than 95 percent.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a reflective volume bragg grating configured to filter the laser radar spectrum, wherein: the reflective volume Bragg grating has better angle selectivity, and the central wavelength can be changed according to the change of the incident light angle.
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| CN202011329045.5A CN112505711B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using reflective volume Bragg grating |
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| CN202011329045.5A CN112505711B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Device for performing laser radar spectrum filtering by using reflective volume Bragg grating |
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| CN112505711B CN112505711B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114325649A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Photon counting laser radar working in strong noise environment |
| CN116068525A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-05-05 | 武汉象印科技有限责任公司 | Laser radar receiving and optical coupling filtering system and filtering method thereof |
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| CN116068525A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-05-05 | 武汉象印科技有限责任公司 | Laser radar receiving and optical coupling filtering system and filtering method thereof |
| CN116068525B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉象印科技有限责任公司 | Laser radar receiving and optical coupling filtering system and filtering method thereof |
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| CN112505711B (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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