CN112505158A - Sound insulation performance test method and test device - Google Patents
Sound insulation performance test method and test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112505158A CN112505158A CN202110150496.0A CN202110150496A CN112505158A CN 112505158 A CN112505158 A CN 112505158A CN 202110150496 A CN202110150496 A CN 202110150496A CN 112505158 A CN112505158 A CN 112505158A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 229
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
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- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method and a test device for sound insulation performance. The test method of the sound insulation performance comprises the following steps: arranging a material to be tested on a partition plate, then arranging the partition plate in a box body, dividing the box body into at least two test layers along the vertical direction by the partition plate, wherein the uppermost test layer is provided with an opening, and one side of the partition plate, which is provided with the material to be tested, faces the opening; enabling the plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto the material to be tested in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, and detecting the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling onto the material to be tested on the first test layer, wherein the average value is marked as F1'; detecting the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the material to be tested on the second test layer, and recording the average value as F2'; and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ' and the F2 '. The testing method is simple in process and high in testing accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sound insulation materials, in particular to a method and a device for testing sound insulation performance.
Background
With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the comfort level of a house is increasingly attracting attention of people as one of important indexes for measuring the quality of life. Noise pollution is listed as a main problem of environmental pollution control in the 21 st century, which not only affects normal rest, study and work of people and reduces the comfort of residences, but also may damage hearing health of people and even cause diseases, wherein impact noise is one of the main sources of indoor noise. Generally, a floor slab is a main component generating impact noise, and noise is generated by the collision of a door and window switch, the falling of an object on the ground, the dragging of a table and a chair, and the impact of a heel and the ground when a person walks on the floor slab. The impact noise can be effectively reduced by covering a layer of sound insulation material on the floor slab, and the thick and hard concrete floor slab has the function of effectively isolating air sound, so that the noise pollution can be integrally reduced, and people can work and live in a quiet environment.
The development of sound insulation materials requires detection and material performance verification by detection equipment and methods that are closer to the actual use environment. The existing equipment and method for testing floor impact noise mainly comprise a reverberation chamber method and an impedance tube method. The detection equipment of the reverberation chamber method is expensive, has the price of tens of thousands yuan in the market, and is only suitable for the rooms which are completely constructed by the ground sound insulation material (the standard test method requires that the reverberation chamber has the area of 10m2) However, it is extremely difficult to perform frequent large-area sound insulation tests in the material development stage due to the limitations of the site and other conditions. Although the material consumption is small, the impedance tube method for testing the sound insulation performance cannot simulate the reverberation of the actual environment, the difference with the actual application environment of the material is large, and the test accuracy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a sound insulation performance test method which is simple in test and high in test accuracy and which can be used in a large number of tests performed in the stage of development of a sound insulation material.
In addition, it is necessary to provide a device for testing sound insulation performance.
A method for testing sound insulation performance comprises the following steps:
arranging a material to be tested on a partition plate, then arranging the partition plate in a box body, dividing the box body into at least two test layers along the vertical direction by the partition plate, wherein the uppermost test layer is provided with an opening, and one side of the partition plate, which is provided with the material to be tested, faces the opening;
enabling a plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto the material to be tested in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, and detecting the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the impact pieces falling on the material to be tested on the first test layer, wherein the average value is marked as F1'; the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of the impact pieces falling on the material to be tested, which is obtained by detection on the second test layer, is recorded as F2', the first test layer is the uppermost test layer, and the second test layer is a test layer different from the first test layer;
and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be tested according to the F1 ' and the F2 '.
In one embodiment, the step of sequentially dropping a plurality of striking members from the opening onto the material to be measured in the box body under the same initial condition comprises the following steps:
providing a conveyor belt and a connecting channel, wherein one end of the connecting channel is close to the conveyor belt, and the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the opening of the box body;
a plurality of the striking pieces are arranged on the conveying belt at intervals and move along with the conveying belt;
and after each impact piece leaves the conveyor belt, each impact piece falls into the material to be tested in the box body through the opening through the connecting channel.
Through setting up conveyer belt and interface channel, the initial condition when guaranteeing that a plurality of striking pieces fall into the box is the same to the same striking dynamics striking material to be tested reduces testing error, improves the test accuracy.
In one embodiment, a plurality of spaced supports are also provided on the conveyor belt;
the step of disposing a plurality of said impingement members spaced apart on and moving with said conveyor belt comprises: and placing the impact piece on the supporting piece, wherein the supporting piece moves along with the conveyor belt and simultaneously drives the impact piece to move along with the conveyor belt.
The support members are arranged on the conveyor belt to support the striking members while keeping the striking members spaced apart from each other while moving on the conveyor belt.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of correcting, wherein the step of correcting comprises the following steps:
testing the maximum sound decibel of the standard sound insulation material according to a standard test method, and marking as F;
arranging the standard sound insulation material on the partition plate, and then placing the partition plate in a box body, wherein one side of the partition plate, provided with the standard sound insulation material, faces the opening;
enabling the plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto a standard sound insulation material in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, wherein the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the first test layer is recorded as F1, and the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the second test layer is recorded as F2;
calculating a correction coefficient K according to F, F1 and F2;
the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to F1 ' and F2 ' comprises the following steps: and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K.
The calibration coefficient obtained by testing the standard sound insulation material is used for calibrating the material to be tested, so that errors caused by background interference and the like are eliminated, and the accuracy of the test is further improved.
In one embodiment, in the step of calculating the correction coefficient K according to F, F1 and F2, the correction coefficient K is calculated according to the formula K = (F1-F2)/[ F- (F1 + F2)/2 ];
in the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be measured according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K, the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be measured is calculated according to a formula F ' = (F1 ' -F2 ')/K + (F1 ' + F2 ')/2.
In one embodiment, the standard test method is GB/T19889.6-2005. The standard sound insulation material is tested according to a standard test method, and then the test is carried out according to the test method of the embodiment so as to carry out correction, and the accuracy of the test method is improved.
A device for testing sound insulation performance, comprising: the device comprises a box body, a conveying unit and a tester;
a partition board is arranged in the box body and divides the box body into at least two test layers along the vertical direction, wherein the uppermost test layer is provided with an opening, and one side of the partition board facing the opening is used for bearing sound insulation materials;
the transfer unit includes: the device comprises a conveying belt, a plurality of impact pieces and a connecting channel, wherein the impact pieces are arranged on the conveying belt at intervals and can move along with the conveying belt; one end of the connecting channel is close to the conveyor belt, the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the opening of the box body, and the connecting channel is used for bearing the impact piece falling from the conveyor belt and enabling the impact piece to fall onto the sound insulation material in the box body from the opening;
the tester is used for detecting the striking piece falls into the biggest sound decibel on the sound insulation material, just the tester has a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the tester is arranged in detecting the biggest sound decibel in the different test layers respectively.
In one embodiment, the connecting channel comprises a first channel and a second channel which are communicated, the first channel is vertically arranged, one end of the first channel is communicated with the opening, the other end of the first channel is communicated with the second channel, and the second channel extends from the end connected with the first channel to the position, obliquely upwards, matched with the conveyor belt and used for bearing the impact piece falling from the conveyor belt.
In one embodiment, the conveyor belt is vertically disposed. Set up conveyer belt and connecting channel for above-mentioned structure, can make striking piece on the conveyer belt leave and reach the same initial condition under the effect of connecting channel behind the conveyer belt to free fall gets into the box.
In one embodiment, the conveyor belt is further provided with a plurality of spaced support members for supporting the impingement members, the support members being movable with the conveyor belt, and an end of the connecting channel remote from the opening being proximate a lower end of the conveyor belt. The support members are arranged on the conveyor belt to support the striking members while keeping the striking members spaced apart from each other while moving on the conveyor belt.
In one embodiment, the opening is provided at the top of the box body. The opening is arranged at the top of the box body, so that the impact piece falls into the sound insulation material from the opening in a free falling mode, and the sound insulation material is more suitable for the actual environment.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the box body is provided with sound insulation paint and/or sound insulation cotton. The sound insulation coating and/or the sound insulation cotton are/is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, so that external interference sound can be eliminated, the influence of external factors on testing in the box body is avoided, and the accuracy of a testing result is improved.
In one embodiment, the test unit further comprises a display electrically connected with the tester for displaying sound decibel data measured by the tester. Through setting up the display, can in time observe the sound decibel data of test.
In one embodiment, the spacer is a cement mortar board. The cement mortar board is adopted as the partition board to be closer to the actual use environment of the sound insulation material, and the test accuracy can be further improved.
In one implementation, the conveyor belt is a mechanical conveyor belt or an electric conveyor belt.
In one embodiment, the case is a plastic case. The plastic box body is light and cheap, and the cost can be further reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the test method for the sound insulation performance has the following beneficial effects:
according to the test method for the sound insulation performance, the plurality of impact pieces sequentially fall into the sound insulation material to be tested in the box body in the same initial state, the condition when the plurality of impact pieces are tested is ensured to be the same, the error problem caused by different initial states of the impact pieces and different force of the impact on the partition plate is avoided, and the test accuracy is improved. In addition, theoretically, the test results of different test layers should be the same due to the existence of the sound insulation material, but the test results are affected due to the existence of background interference such as air and the like between different test layers. And meanwhile, the sound decibels of the first test layer and the second test layer are tested, so that the influence caused by background interference can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.
The reverberation chamber area used for standard test needs to be 10m compared to standard test method2The method is only suitable for rooms in which the construction of ground sound insulation materials is completely finished, is simpler, is not limited by conditions such as fields and the like, can be used for carrying out a large number of tests in the material development stage, can keep higher test accuracy under the condition that the area of a box body is 0.5-1 square meter, and has a smaller error with a standard test method which is not more than 5%. In addition, compared with the traditional impedance tube method, the testing method is closer to the actual use environment and has higher accuracy.
Therefore, the method for testing the sound insulation performance is simple in process and high in test accuracy, and can be used for a large number of tests in the development stage of the sound insulation material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for testing sound insulation performance;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sound insulation performance test apparatus according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The detailed description sets forth the preferred embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for testing sound insulation performance according to an embodiment includes the steps of:
step S210: establish the material to be tested on the baffle, then arrange the baffle in the box, the baffle separates the box for two at least test layers along vertical direction, and the test layer of the top is equipped with the opening, and the baffle is equipped with the side of the material to be tested and opens towards the opening.
Preferably, the opening is opened at the top of the case. The opening is arranged at the top of the box body, so that the impact piece falls into the sound insulation material from the opening in a free falling mode, and the sound insulation material is more suitable for the actual environment.
In one embodiment, the number of the partition plates is 1, and the partition plates divide the box body into an upper test layer and a lower test layer along the vertical direction. The upper test layer is provided with an opening. Preferably, the partition is provided at the middle of the case. The box body is divided into an upper test layer and a lower test layer with the same size by a partition plate. The baffle plate is arranged in the middle of the box body, and is more close to the actual use environment.
It is understood that the number of the partition plates is not limited to 1, and may be a plurality of partition plates, and the partition plates divide the box body into a plurality of test layers. The side of the uppermost partition facing the opening is used to carry sound insulation material.
Preferably, the spacer is a cement mortar board. The cement mortar board is adopted as the partition board to be closer to the actual use environment of the sound insulation material, and the test accuracy can be further improved.
Preferably, the inner wall of the box body is provided with sound insulation paint and/or sound insulation cotton. The sound insulation coating and/or the sound insulation cotton are/is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, so that external interference sound can be eliminated, the influence of external factors on testing in the box body is avoided, and the accuracy of a testing result is improved.
The box body is a plastic box body. The plastic box body is light and cheap, and the cost can be further reduced. It is understood that the box is not limited to a plastic box, but can be other boxes, such as a metal box, a concrete box, etc.
Step S220: enabling the plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto the material to be tested in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, and detecting the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling onto the material to be tested on the first test layer, wherein the average value is marked as F1'; the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact members falling on the material to be tested, which is detected in the second test layer, is recorded as F2'.
The first test layer is the uppermost test layer, and the second test layer is a different test layer from the first test layer.
Wherein the same initial conditions include at least the same drop height of each striker and the same mass of each striker. Ideally, the various factors should be the same, for example, the various environmental factors, such as humidity, air density, etc., within the enclosure should be the same. Specifically, the step of enabling a plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall into the material to be tested in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition comprises the following steps:
providing a conveyor belt and a connecting channel, wherein one end of the connecting channel is close to the conveyor belt, and the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with an opening of the box body;
arranging a plurality of impact pieces on the conveying belt at intervals and moving along with the conveying belt;
after each impact piece leaves the conveyor belt, each impact piece falls onto the material to be measured in the box body through the opening through the connecting channel.
Through setting up conveyer belt and interface channel, the initial condition when guaranteeing that a plurality of striking pieces fall into the box is the same to the acoustic material that awaits measuring is strikeed to the same striking dynamics, reduces testing error, improves the test accuracy.
Furthermore, a plurality of spaced supporting pieces are arranged on the conveying belt;
the step of disposing a plurality of impingement members spaced apart on and movable with the conveyor comprises: and placing the impact piece on a support piece, wherein the support piece moves along with the conveyor belt and simultaneously drives the impact piece to move along with the conveyor belt.
The support members are arranged on the conveyor belt to support the striking members while keeping the striking members spaced apart from each other while moving on the conveyor belt.
Make a plurality of striking pieces fall into the box from the opening part in proper order with same initial condition, state when guaranteeing every striking piece whereabouts is the same, and then guarantees that every striking piece striking sound insulating material's striking dynamics is the same, reduces the testing error, improves the accuracy of test.
Specifically, the testers are respectively arranged on different testing layers of the box body, and the testers are used for detecting the maximum sound decibel of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the material to be tested.
Preferably, a display is also provided and is electrically connected with the tester for displaying sound decibel data of the tester.
The experimental data of a plurality of striking pieces are used for averaging, so that the testing accuracy can be further improved, and the influence caused by accidental factors is avoided.
Step S230: and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ' and the F2 '.
Theoretically, the test results of different test layers should be the same due to the existence of the sound insulation material, but the test results are affected due to the existence of background interference such as air and the like between different test layers. And meanwhile, testing the sound decibels of the first test layer and the second test layer, and calculating the standard sound decibel of the material to be tested according to F1 'and F2', so that the influence caused by background interference can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.
Further, the test method for the sound insulation performance further comprises a correction step. The correcting step specifically comprises:
testing the maximum sound decibel of the standard sound insulation material according to a standard test method, and marking as F;
arranging a standard sound insulation material on a partition plate, then placing the partition plate in a box body, wherein one side of the partition plate, which is provided with the standard sound insulation material, faces to an opening;
enabling the plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto a standard sound insulation material in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, recording the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the first test layer as F1, and recording the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the second test layer as F2;
from F, F1 and F2, a correction coefficient K is calculated.
Specifically, the standard test method is GB/T19889.6-2005 part 6 of Acoustic building and construction Member Sound insulation measurement, laboratory measurements of floor impact Sound insulation.
The standard sound insulation material is tested according to a standard test method, and then the test is carried out according to the test method of the embodiment so as to carry out correction, and the accuracy of the test method is improved.
Specifically, the same initial conditions in the calibration step are the same as those in step S220, so as to ensure that the test environments of the standard sound insulation material and the material to be tested are the same, and further description is omitted here.
Preferably, the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be measured according to F1 ' and F2 ' includes: and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K.
Further, in the step of calculating the correction coefficient K based on F, F1 and F2, the correction coefficient K is calculated according to the formula K = (F1-F2)/[ F- (F1 + F2)/2 ].
And in the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K, calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to a formula F ' = (F1 ' -F2 ')/K + (F1 ' + F2 ')/2.
The calibration coefficient obtained by testing the standard sound insulation material is used for calibrating the material to be tested, so that errors caused by background interference and the like are eliminated, and the accuracy of the test is further improved.
The sound insulation performance test method at least has the following advantages:
according to the test method for the sound insulation performance, the plurality of impact pieces sequentially fall into the sound insulation material in the box body in the same initial state, the condition when the plurality of impact pieces are tested is ensured to be the same, the error problem caused by different initial states of the impact pieces and different force of the impact on the partition plate is avoided, and the test accuracy is improved. In addition, theoretically, the test results of different test layers should be the same due to the existence of the sound insulation material, but the test results are affected due to the existence of background interference such as air and the like between different test layers. And simultaneously testing the sound decibels of the first test layer and the second test layer, and obtaining a correction coefficient by means of a standard sound insulation material and a standard test method, so that the influence caused by background interference is eliminated, and the accuracy of a test result is further improved.
The reverberation chamber area used for standard test needs to be 10m compared to standard test method2The method is only suitable for rooms in which the construction of ground sound insulation materials is completely finished, is simpler, is not limited by conditions such as fields and the like, can be used for carrying out a large number of tests in the material development stage, can keep higher test accuracy under the condition that the area of a box body is 0.5-1 square meter, and has a smaller error with a standard test method which is not more than 5%. In addition, compared with the traditional impedance tube method, the testing method is closer to the actual use environment and has higher accuracy. Therefore, the method for testing the sound insulation performance is simple in process and high in test accuracy, and can be used for a large number of tests in the development stage of the sound insulation material.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of a device 10 for testing sound insulation performance includes a case 100, a transfer unit 200, and a tester 300.
Specifically, a partition 110 is provided in the case 100, and the partition 110 partitions the case 100 into at least two test layers 120 in a vertical direction. The uppermost test layer 120 is provided with an opening 122, and the side of the spacer 110 facing the opening 122 is used to carry the sound-insulating material 20.
Preferably, the opening 122 is open at the top of the cabinet 100. Opening 122 at the top of the cabinet 100 allows the striker 220 to fall freely from the opening onto the sound barrier material 20, which is more practical.
As shown in fig. 2, there are 1 partition plate 110, and the partition plate 110 partitions the chamber 100 into upper and lower test beds 120 in a vertical direction. The upper test layer 120 is provided with openings 122. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the partition 110 is provided at the middle of the cabinet 100. The case 100 is partitioned into upper and lower test levels of the same size by a partition 110. The partition 110 is disposed at the middle of the cabinet 100, which is closer to the actual use environment.
It is understood that the number of the partitions 110 is not limited to 1, and may be a plurality of partitions 110, and the partitions 110 divide the chamber 100 into a plurality of test layers 120. The side of the uppermost partition 110 facing the opening 122 is for carrying the sound insulating material 20.
Preferably, the spacer 110 is a cement mortar board. The cement mortar board is adopted as the partition board 110, which is closer to the actual use environment of the sound insulation material 20, and the accuracy of the test can be further improved.
Preferably, the inner wall of the case 100 is provided with soundproof paint and/or soundproof cotton. The sound insulation coating and/or the sound insulation cotton are/is arranged on the inner wall of the box body 100, so that external interference sound can be eliminated, the influence of external factors on the test in the box body 100 is avoided, and the accuracy of the test result is improved.
The case 100 is a plastic case. The plastic box body is light and cheap, and the cost can be further reduced. It is understood that the box 100 is not limited to a plastic box, but can be other box 100, such as a metal box, a concrete box, etc.
Specifically, the transfer unit 200 includes: the conveyor belt 210, a plurality of impact pieces 220 and a connecting channel 230, wherein the impact pieces 220 are arranged on the conveyor belt 210 at intervals and can move along with the conveyor belt 210; one end of the connecting passage 230 is adjacent to the conveyor belt 210, the other end of the connecting passage 230 communicates with the opening 122 of the housing 100, and the connecting passage 230 is used for carrying the striker 220 falling from the conveyor belt 210 and causing the striker 220 to fall from the opening 122 onto the soundproof material 20 in the housing 100.
Preferably, the connecting channel 230 includes a first channel and a second channel which are communicated, the first channel is vertically arranged, one end of the first channel is communicated with the opening 122, the other end of the first channel is communicated with the second channel, and the second channel extends from the end connected with the first channel to the upper part obliquely and is matched with the conveyor belt 210 so as to bear the impact piece 220 falling from the conveyor belt 210.
Preferably, the conveyor belt 210 is vertically disposed. The arrangement of the conveyor belt 210 and the connecting passage 230 as described above enables the striking members 220 of the conveyor belt 210 to leave the conveyor belt 210 and to reach the same initial state by the connecting passage 230 and to freely fall into the casing 100.
Preferably, the conveyor belt 210 is further provided with a plurality of spaced support members 212 for supporting the impingement members 220, the support members 212 being movable with the conveyor belt 210, the end of the connecting channel 230 remote from the opening 122 being adjacent the lower end of the conveyor belt 210. The support member 212 provided on the conveyor belt 210 can support the striking members 220 while keeping the striking members 220 spaced apart while moving on the conveyor belt 210.
Specifically, the conveyor belt 210 is a mechanical conveyor belt or an electric conveyor belt.
Preferably, the strike 220 is a solid steel ball.
The conveyor belt 210 and the connecting channel 230 of the conveying unit 200 are utilized to enable the plurality of impact pieces 220 to sequentially fall into the box body 100 in the same initial state, so that the conditions of the plurality of impact pieces 220 in the test are ensured to be the same, the error problem existing in the process of manually putting the impact pieces 220 is avoided, and the test accuracy is improved. Wherein the same initial state at least includes that the falling height of each striking member 220 is the same and the mass of each striking member 220 is the same. Ideally, the various factors should be the same, for example, the various environmental factors, such as humidity, air density, etc., within the enclosure should be the same.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the height at which striker 220 falls refers to the vertical distance from the end of fig. 2 where the second channel connects to the first channel to sound barrier material 20, i.e., h, as shown in fig. 2. The falling height of each impact piece 220 is the same, and the test accuracy is improved.
The tester 300 is used to detect the maximum sound decibels that the striker 220 falls on the sound barrier material 20. Specifically, there are a plurality of testers 300. The plurality of testers 300 are respectively used for detecting the maximum sound decibels of different test layers 120. In one embodiment, a tester 300 is disposed on a test layer 120. It is understood that a plurality of testers 300 may be further disposed on one test layer 120, and an average of the maximum sound decibels detected by the testers 300 is used as the maximum sound decibel detected by the test layer 120.
In fig. 2, there are two testers 300, one tester 300 is disposed at an upper test level, and the other tester 300 is disposed at a lower test level. It is understood that the number of the testers 300 is not limited to 2, and may be adjusted according to the number of the test layers 120.
The testers 300 are arranged on different test layers 120 of the box body 100, theoretically, due to the existence of the sound insulation material 20, the test results of the testers 300 on different test layers 120 should be the same, but due to the existence of background interference such as air and the like between different test layers 120, the test results are affected. The tester 300 is arranged on each of the different test layers 120, and the sound decibels of the different test layers 120 are tested at the same time, so that the error influence caused by background interference can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the test result is further improved.
Further, the device 10 for testing sound insulation performance further includes a display 400, and the display 400 is electrically connected to the tester 300 for displaying sound decibel data of the tester 300. By arranging the display 400, the tested sound decibel data can be observed and recorded in time.
Preferably, the display 400 is disposed outside the case 100.
In fig. 2, there are two displays 400, and each display 400 is electrically connected to one tester 300. It is understood that the number of the display 400 is not limited to 2, and may be 1 or more.
The concrete method of the sound insulation performance test device 10 in use is as follows:
during the test, the conveyor belt 210 is rotated, so that the plurality of impact members 220 sequentially fall from the lowermost end of the conveyor belt 210, enter the cabinet 100 through the connecting passage 230, perform free-fall movement, sequentially impact the sound insulation material 20 in the cabinet 100, and the sound decibels of each test layer 120 are detected by the tester 300 provided for each test layer 120 and recorded by the display 400.
The above-described test device 10 for sound insulation performance has at least the following advantages:
(1) the sound insulation performance testing device 10 comprises a box body 100, a conveying unit 200 and a tester 300, wherein the conveying belt 210 and the connecting channel 230 of the conveying unit 200 are utilized to enable a plurality of impact pieces 220 to sequentially fall onto the sound insulation material 20 in the box body 100 in the same initial state, so that the same conditions are ensured when the plurality of impact pieces 220 are tested, the error problem existing when the impact pieces 220 are manually thrown in is avoided, and the testing accuracy is improved. Meanwhile, the testers 300 are arranged on different test layers 120 of the box body 100, theoretically, due to the existence of the sound insulation material 20, the test results of the testers 300 on different test layers 120 should be the same, but due to the existence of background interference such as air and the like between different test layers 120, the test results are affected. The plurality of testers 300 are arranged, and the plurality of testers 300 are used for testing the sound decibels of different testing layers 120, so that the error influence caused by background interference can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the testing result is further improved.
The reverberation chamber area used for standard test needs to be 10m compared to the standard test device2The device 10 for testing the sound insulation performance is simpler in structure, is not limited by conditions such as a field and the like, can be used for carrying out a large number of tests in a material development stage, can keep higher test accuracy under the condition that the area is 0.5-1 square meter, and has smaller error with a standard test method which is not more than 5%. In addition, compared with the traditional impedance tube method, the testing device 10 divides the box body 100 into two layers, the middle of the box body is separated by the partition plate 110, the testing is closer to the actual using environment, and the accuracy is higher. Therefore, the sound insulation performance test apparatus 10 is simple in structure and high in test accuracy, and can be used for a large number of tests performed in the development stage of the sound insulation material 20.
(2) The material required by the sound insulation performance testing device 10 is reduced from the original 10 square meters to 0.5-1 square meters, and the testing material is saved.
(3) The sound insulation performance of the sound insulation performance testing device 10 testing material is more convenient, testers are reduced to 1 person from at least 3 persons originally, and the number of required operators is greatly reduced.
(4) The sound insulation performance testing device 10 is lower in cost than a standard testing device, and is beneficial to wide application.
The following are specific examples:
example 1
The sound insulation performance test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is specifically shown in fig. 1.
The test apparatus 10 for soundproofing performance of the present embodiment includes a cabinet 100, a transfer unit 200, 2 testers 300, and 2 displays 400. The box body 100 is a plastic box body, 1 cement mortar board is arranged in the box body 100 and serves as a partition board 110, and the partition board 110 divides the box body 100 into an upper test layer 120 and a lower test layer 120 which are the same in size. The top of the upper test layer is provided with an opening 122. The transfer unit 200 includes a transfer belt 210, a plurality of solid steel balls as the striking members 220, and a connecting passage 230. A plurality of striking members 220 are arranged on the conveyor belt 210 at intervals and can move along with the conveyor belt 210; one end of the connecting passage 230 is adjacent to the conveyor belt 210, the other end of the connecting passage 230 communicates with the opening 122 of the housing 100, and the connecting passage 230 is used for carrying the striker 220 falling from the conveyor belt 210 and causing the striker 220 to fall from the opening 122 onto the soundproof material 20 in the housing 100. The tester 300 is used to detect the maximum sound decibels that the striker 220 falls on the soundproof material 20, and there are 2 testers 300, and 2 testers 300 are used to detect the maximum sound decibels in the upper test layer and the lower test layer, respectively. Display 400 includes display one and display two.
The test procedure of the sound insulation performance of this example is specifically as follows:
(1) the sound insulation material adopts a standard sound insulation coating I, the standard sound insulation coating I is uniformly coated in a standard test room, and the maximum sound pressure value of the standard sound insulation coating I is tested according to a standard test method GB/T19889.6-2005, part 6 of sound insulation measurement of acoustic buildings and building components, namely, floor impact sound insulation laboratory measurement, and is recorded as 65 dB.
(2) Evenly coating standard sound insulation coating I on the partition plate, placing the partition plate in the plastic box body, placing each impact piece on a support piece in sequence, evenly shaking a handle of the conveying belt to enable the impact pieces to move along with the conveying belt, and when the impact pieces move to the bottom end of the conveying belt, the impact pieces are separated from the support pieces and enter the connecting channel. And the impact piece is sequentially and freely dropped on the first standard sound insulation coating on the partition plate from the opening of the box body through the connecting channel, and the testers of the upper test layer and the lower test layer respectively test the maximum sound decibel of the impact piece falling on the first standard sound insulation coating, and the maximum sound decibel is displayed by the corresponding displays. The sound decibels displayed by the display I corresponding to the upper test layer and the display II corresponding to the lower test layer are 54dB and 50dB respectively.
(3) K =0.308 was calculated according to the formula K = (F1-F2)/[ F- (F1 + F2)/2 ].
(4) And (3) selecting a second sound insulation coating to be tested as a sound insulation material, uniformly coating the second sound insulation coating to be tested on the partition plate, and placing the partition plate in the plastic box body, wherein the coating thickness is the same as that in the step (2). And placing each impact piece on a support member in sequence, uniformly shaking a handle of the conveyor belt to enable the impact pieces to move along with the conveyor belt, and separating the impact pieces from the support members and entering the connecting channel when the impact pieces move to the lowest end of the conveyor belt. And the impact on the second sound insulation coating to be tested on the partition plate is sequentially and freely dropped from the opening of the box body through the connecting channel, and the testers of the upper test layer and the lower test layer respectively test the maximum sound decibel of the impact piece falling onto the second sound insulation coating to be tested, and the maximum sound decibel is displayed by the corresponding displays. The decibel of the sound of the first display corresponding to the upper test layer and the decibel of the sound of the second display corresponding to the lower test layer are 48dB and 45dB respectively, so that the standard decibel of the sound insulation coating two to be tested is calculated to be F ' = (F1 ' -F2 ')/K + (F1 ' + F2 ')/2 = (48-45)/0.308 + (48 + 45)/2 =56.2 dB.
And (3) error analysis: and uniformly coating the second sound insulation coating to be tested in a standard test room, and testing the maximum sound pressure value of the second sound insulation coating to be tested according to a standard test method GB/T19889.6-2005, part 6 of sound insulation measurement of acoustic buildings and building components, namely, floor impact sound insulation laboratory measurement, and recording the maximum sound pressure value as 59 dB.
The standard sound decibel of the second sound insulation coating to be tested, which is tested by using the test device and the test method in example 1, is 56.2dB, which is close to the maximum sound decibel 59dB of the second sound insulation coating to be tested, which is tested by using the standard method, and the error is (59-56.2)/59 × 100% =4.7%, which is smaller.
Therefore, the testing device and the testing method for the sound insulation performance have the advantages that the testing result is high in accuracy, and the error of the testing device and the testing method with the standard testing method is small.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A method for testing sound insulation performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a material to be tested on a partition plate, then arranging the partition plate in a box body, dividing the box body into at least two test layers along the vertical direction by the partition plate, wherein the uppermost test layer is provided with an opening, and one side of the partition plate, which is provided with the material to be tested, faces the opening;
enabling a plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto the material to be tested in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, and detecting the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the impact pieces falling on the material to be tested on the first test layer, wherein the average value is marked as F1'; the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of the impact pieces falling on the material to be tested, which is obtained by detection on the second test layer, is recorded as F2', the first test layer is the uppermost test layer, and the second test layer is a test layer different from the first test layer;
and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be tested according to the F1 ' and the F2 '.
2. The method for testing sound-insulating property according to claim 1, wherein the step of sequentially dropping a plurality of striking members from the opening onto the material to be tested in the case under the same initial condition comprises:
providing a conveyor belt and a connecting channel, wherein one end of the connecting channel is close to the conveyor belt, and the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the opening of the box body;
a plurality of the striking pieces are arranged on the conveying belt at intervals and move along with the conveying belt;
and after each impact piece leaves the conveyor belt, each impact piece falls into the material to be tested in the box body through the opening through the connecting channel.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein a plurality of spaced supports are provided on the conveyor belt;
the step of disposing a plurality of said impingement members spaced apart on and moving with said conveyor belt comprises: and placing the impact piece on the supporting piece, wherein the supporting piece moves along with the conveyor belt and simultaneously drives the impact piece to move along with the conveyor belt.
4. The method for testing sound-insulating property according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a step of correction, the step of correction comprising:
testing the maximum sound decibel of the standard sound insulation material according to a standard test method, and marking as F;
arranging the standard sound insulation material on the partition plate, and then placing the partition plate in a box body, wherein one side of the partition plate, provided with the standard sound insulation material, faces the opening;
enabling the plurality of impact pieces to sequentially fall onto a standard sound insulation material in the box body from the opening under the same initial condition, wherein the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the first test layer is recorded as F1, and the average value of the maximum sound decibels of the plurality of impact pieces falling on the standard sound insulation material detected on the second test layer is recorded as F2;
calculating a correction coefficient K according to F, F1 and F2;
the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to F1 ' and F2 ' comprises the following steps: and calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be detected according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K.
5. The method for testing sound-insulating property according to claim 4, wherein in the step of calculating the correction coefficient K according to F, F1 and F2, the correction coefficient K is calculated according to the formula K = (F1-F2)/[ F- (F1 + F2)/2 ];
in the step of calculating the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be measured according to the F1 ', the F2 ' and the correction coefficient K, the standard sound decibel F ' of the material to be measured is calculated according to a formula F ' = (F1 ' -F2 ')/K + (F1 ' + F2 ')/2.
6. The method for testing sound-insulating property according to claim 4, wherein the standard test method is GB/T19889.6-2005.
7. A device for testing sound insulation performance, comprising: the device comprises a box body, a conveying unit and a tester;
a partition board is arranged in the box body and divides the box body into at least two test layers along the vertical direction, wherein the uppermost test layer is provided with an opening, and one side of the partition board facing the opening is used for bearing sound insulation materials;
the transfer unit includes: the device comprises a conveying belt, a plurality of impact pieces and a connecting channel, wherein the impact pieces are arranged on the conveying belt at intervals and can move along with the conveying belt; one end of the connecting channel is close to the conveyor belt, the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the opening of the box body, and the connecting channel is used for bearing the impact piece falling from the conveyor belt and enabling the impact piece to fall onto the sound insulation material in the box body from the opening;
the tester is used for detecting the striking piece falls into the biggest sound decibel on the sound insulation material, just the tester has a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of the tester is arranged in detecting the biggest sound decibel in the different test layers respectively.
8. The sound-insulating property test device according to claim 7, wherein the connecting passage includes a first passage and a second passage which are communicated with each other, the first passage is vertically disposed, one end of the first passage is communicated with the opening, the other end of the first passage is communicated with the second passage, and the second passage extends obliquely upward from the end connected with the first passage to be engaged with the conveyor belt for carrying the striker falling from the conveyor belt.
9. The sound-insulating property test apparatus as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the conveyor belt is vertically disposed.
10. The acoustic insulation performance testing apparatus of claim 9, wherein a plurality of spaced apart support members for supporting the striker member are further provided on the conveyor belt, the support members being movable with the conveyor belt, and an end of the connecting passage remote from the opening is located near a lower end of the conveyor belt.
11. The sound-insulating property test apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the opening is opened at a top of the cabinet.
12. The sound insulation performance test device according to claim 7, wherein the inner wall of the box body is provided with sound insulation paint and/or sound insulation cotton.
13. The sound-proofing apparatus of claim 7 further comprising a display electrically connected to the tester for displaying decibel data of sound measured by the tester.
14. The device for testing sound insulation performance according to claim 7, wherein the partition is a cement mortar board.
15. The device for testing sound insulation performance according to any one of claims 7 to 8 and 10 to 14, wherein the conveyor belt is a mechanical conveyor belt or an electric conveyor belt.
16. The sound-proofing performance testing device of any one of claims 7 to 8 and 10 to 14, wherein the box body is a plastic box body.
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