CN112504324B - Method for detecting air exchange times of independent ventilation cage box - Google Patents
Method for detecting air exchange times of independent ventilation cage box Download PDFInfo
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- CN112504324B CN112504324B CN201910871229.5A CN201910871229A CN112504324B CN 112504324 B CN112504324 B CN 112504324B CN 201910871229 A CN201910871229 A CN 201910871229A CN 112504324 B CN112504324 B CN 112504324B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/10—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring thermal variables
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the air exchange times of an independent ventilation cage box, which comprises the following steps: firstly, the volume of the independent ventilation cage box is measured to be V0The method comprises the following steps of communicating a small-diameter end of a hollow round table-shaped enclosure structure with an air inlet on the inner side of an independent ventilation cage box, wherein the diameter of the small-diameter end is the same as that of the air inlet, a rubber pad is bonded on the inner side of the small-diameter end, the diameter of the large-diameter end is 2 times larger than that of the small-diameter end, and the height of the enclosure structure is 3.33 times of that of the small-diameter end; then measuring the average wind speed v, the area S and the inlet air temperature t at the large-diameter end of the enclosure structure, and finally obtaining the ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box according to a calculation formula
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the enclosing structure is additionally arranged, so that the problems of non-centralized wind speed and inaccurate measurement caused by the undersize diameter of the air opening of the independent ventilation cage box or the presence of the air diffuser at the air opening can be avoided, and the ventilation frequency of each independent ventilation cage box can be reflected more accurately and truly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection of independent ventilation cage boxes, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the ventilation frequency of an independent ventilation cage box.
Background
The independent aeration cage (IVC) is a raising and experiment device which is arranged in a closed independent unit (cage box or cage tool), feeds clean air into the closed independent unit, intensively discharges waste gas, can operate and raise SPF experimental animals in a super clean workbench, has the working principle that the closed purification aeration technology of an isolator is utilized to reduce each raising unit to the minimum degree, and an air inlet and exhaust pipeline is used for connecting the raising units into an assembly, so that the units are completely isolated, the cross contamination in raising is avoided to the maximum extent, the utilization efficiency of clean air is improved, and meanwhile, the sterile experiment operation technology and method in the super clean workbench are utilized to carry out padding replacement, water adding, material adding and the like in the sterile operation, thereby achieving the purposes of micro-environment purification barrier and sterile operation. The equipment has low investment and maintenance cost, and is ideal equipment for raising experimental animals at home and abroad at present.
In the IVC, regular ventilation is required to achieve the purposes of feeding clean air, supplying necessary oxygen for experimental animals and exhausting harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, ammonia and the like generated in the independent ventilation cage. Therefore, strict control is required for the number of air changes in the independent air ventilation cage. In appendix C of the existing standard Experimental animal Environment and facilities GB 14925-2010, a method for measuring the ventilation times by using a hot-bulb type electric air speed machine is described, namely when the air port is circular, two measurements are selected in the radial direction for measurement when the diameter of the air port is below 200 mm; when the diameter is 200 mm-300 mm, 2 equal-area annular zones are made by concentric circles, and 4 measuring points are selected in the radial direction for measurement; … … the tuyere is square or rectangular, the cross section of the tuyere is divided into several equal areas of 100mm × 150mm or less, the wind speed at the center point of each equal area is measured, and the average value is determined as the average speed. And then according to the average wind speed obtained by measurement and the ventilation volume under the deo standard state of a calculation formula, further obtaining the ventilation frequency. However, the measurement method is not suitable for measuring the air exchange times in IVC, 30-60 independent aeration cage boxes with different numbers are arranged in a whole set of IVC, the air exchange times and static pressure difference measurement results of each independent aeration cage box fluctuate greatly, and accurate data of each independent aeration cage box cannot be reflected, however, when each independent aeration cage box is measured by the method, the diameter of an air opening of each independent aeration cage box is too small to be about 30mm, and the air opening of each independent aeration cage box is provided with a diffuser, so that the air speed is uneven, and the air speed obtained by direct measurement is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for detecting the ventilation frequency of an independent ventilation cage box, and in order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for detecting the ventilation frequency of an independent ventilation cage box comprises the following steps:
s1, communicating a small-diameter end of a hollow round table-shaped structure enclosure structure with an air inlet at the inner side of an independent ventilation cage box, and recording the volume of the independent ventilation cage box as V0The area of the large-diameter end of the envelope is marked as S; the enclosure structure is connected to the air outlet, so that air outlet is more concentrated, and the measured air speed is more accurate;
s2, measuring the wind speed at the large-diameter end of the enclosure structure and recording as v;
s3, measuring the air inlet temperature and marking as t;
s4, obtaining the ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box according to the measured wind speed and a calculation formula, wherein the formula is as follows: number of air changes
It is composed of
Is the ratio of the temperature in degrees Kelvin of the temperature t to the temperature in degrees Kelvin of 20 ℃ (i.e. the standard temperature), and is therefore
The converted ventilation volume under the standard temperature state is divided by the volume V of the independent ventilation cage box0And the ventilation frequency can be obtained.
Preferably, the diameter of the small-diameter end of the enclosure structure is 1-1.2 times of the diameter of the air inlet, and the condition that air flow loss causes inaccurate wind speed measurement can occur when the diameter of the small-diameter end of the enclosure structure is too large or too small.
Preferably, a rubber pad is adhered to the inner side of the small-diameter end of the enclosure structure, so that the enclosure structure is tightly connected with the air inlet, and the air speed measurement error caused by air loss is avoided.
Preferably, the diameter of the large diameter end of the enclosure is no less than 2 times the diameter of the small diameter end of the enclosure.
Preferably, the height of the enclosure is not less than 3 times of the diameter of the small-diameter end, and the accuracy of the wind speed measurement result and the final ventilation frequency result is affected by the excessively low height of the enclosure.
Preferably, the height of the enclosure is 3.33 times the diameter of the small diameter end, and the enclosure at the height measures the most accurate ventilation times.
Preferably, in step S2, the wind speed at the large diameter end of the enclosure is measured by a thermal anemometer, and the minimum value measurable by the thermal anemometer is 0.01 m/S.
Preferably, in step S2, at least 4 uniformly distributed sampling points are selected, and the average wind speed is determined as the wind speed at the large diameter end of the enclosure.
Preferably, in step S1, the enclosure may be fixed at the air outlet of the independent ventilation cage box, and the formula for calculating the number of times of ventilation is multiplied by a correction factor of 0.8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the enclosing structure is additionally arranged, the diameter of the air outlet can be increased, air outlet is more concentrated, and the problem of inaccurate wind speed measurement caused by the fact that the diameter of the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box is too small or the air inlet has the air diffuser is solved.
(2) The air exchange times of each independent ventilation cage box can be measured one by one, so that the accurate air exchange times of each independent ventilation cage box can be reflected more accurately and truly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an enclosure of the independent ventilation cage box of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box; 2. the method comprises the following steps of A, a building envelope, B and C, wherein A is the diameter of a large-diameter end of the building envelope, B is the height of the building envelope, and C is the diameter of a small-diameter end of the building envelope; 3. and (7) a rubber pad.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the diameter of the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box is 30mm, the volume of the independent ventilation cage box is 310mm x 205mm x 180mm, a in the enclosure structure is 80mm, B is 100mm, C is 30mm, and a rubber pad is adhered to the inner side of the C end. Detecting the ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box according to the following steps:
s1, fixing the end C of the hollow round platform-shaped structure enclosure 2 at an air inlet 1 at the inner side of an independent ventilation cage box by using an adhesive tape, wherein the volume of the independent ventilation cage box is marked as V0Obtaining V from the above data0Is 0.0114m3
S2, dividing the end A into 4 equally divided areas, measuring the wind speeds at the centers of the 4 equally divided areas by using a thermal anemometer, calculating the average value to obtain the average wind speed v, wherein the area of the end A is S, and obtaining that S is 0.005m according to the data2；
S3, measuring the air inlet temperature t to be 25 ℃ by using a temperature detector;
s4, obtaining the ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box according to the measured wind speed and a calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: number of air changes
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: a is 60mm, B is 90mm, C is 30mm, the area S of the A end is 0.0028m2。
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: a is 72mm, B is 120mm, C is 36mm, the area S of the A end is 0.004m2。
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: b is 60 mm.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example andexample 1 differs in that: a is 60mm, B is 150mm, C is 40mm, the area S of the A end is 0.0028m2。
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that no enclosure structure is arranged at the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box, the wind speed is measured for 4 times only at the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box by using a thermal anemometer and averaged to obtain the average wind speed, and S in the comparative example is the area of the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box, namely 0.0007m2. In the measurement process, because the diameter of the air inlet of the independent ventilation cage box is too small, multiple points cannot be selected for measuring the wind speed, and because the air diffuser exists at the air inlet, the wind speeds measured for 4 times are obviously different, namely the measured wind speed value is unstable.
Test results
The standard ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box are preset to be 20 times/h. The average wind speed and the number of ventilation times of each example and comparative example were measured and calculated as described above, respectively, as shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 average wind speed and standard deviation measured for each example and comparative example
| Average wind speed (m/s) | Standard deviation of 4 wind speed measurement data | |
| Example 1 | 0.013 | 0.10％ |
| Example 2 | 0.024 | 0.18％ |
| Example 3 | 0.014 | 0.25％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.015 | 0.15％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.018 | 0.41％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.120 | 5.53％ |
TABLE 2 number of air changes calculated for each example and comparative example
| Number of air changes (times/h) | |
| Example 1 | 19.3 |
| Example 2 | 21.6 |
| Example 3 | 18 |
| Comparative example 1 | 24.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 16.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 27.1 |
According to the results, compared with the case that no enclosing structure is installed, the enclosing structure is additionally arranged at the air inlet or the air outlet of the independent ventilation cage box, so that the standard deviation of the measured air speed value is obviously reduced, namely, the measured air speed value is more stable, and the calculated ventilation frequency is more accurate; and when the diameter of the small diameter end of the enclosure structure is the same as that of the air inlet, the diameter of the large diameter end is 2 times larger than that of the small diameter end, the height of the enclosure structure is 3 times larger than that of the small diameter end and is 3.33 times larger than that of the small diameter end, the measured air speed and the calculated ventilation frequency result are the most accurate.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting the ventilation times of an independent ventilation cage box is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, communicating a small-diameter end of a hollow round table-shaped structure enclosure structure with an air inlet at the inner side of an independent ventilation cage box, and recording the volume of the independent ventilation cage box as V0The area of the large-diameter end of the envelope is marked as S;
s2, measuring the wind speed at the large-diameter end of the enclosure structure and recording as v;
s3, measuring the air inlet temperature and marking as t;
s4, obtaining the ventilation times of the independent ventilation cage box according to the measured wind speed and a calculation formula, wherein the formula is as follows: number of air changes
The diameter of the small-diameter end of the enclosure structure is 1-1.2 times of the diameter of the air inlet, the diameter of the large-diameter end is not less than 2 times of the diameter of the small-diameter end of the enclosure structure, and the height of the large-diameter end is 3.33 times of the diameter of the small-diameter end.
2. The method for detecting the ventilation frequency of the independent ventilation cage box according to claim 1, wherein a rubber pad is adhered to the inner side of the small diameter end of the enclosure.
3. The method for detecting the ventilation frequency of the independent ventilation cage box according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the wind speed at the large diameter end of the enclosure is measured by a thermal anemometer, and the minimum value measurable by the thermal anemometer is 0.01 m/S.
4. The method for detecting the ventilation frequency of the independent ventilation cage box of claim 1, wherein in step S2, at least 4 uniformly distributed sampling points are selected, and the average wind speed is determined as the wind speed at the large diameter end of the enclosure.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, if the enclosure is fixed at the outlet of the independent ventilation cage, the formula for calculating the number of ventilation times is multiplied by a correction factor of 0.8.
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Citations (6)
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| JPS5783233A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1982-05-25 | Aaru Tomasu Uiriamu | Animal enclosing chamber |
| US4402280A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1983-09-06 | Thomas William R | Animal caging system |
| US4602739A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-07-29 | Sutton Jr James A | Ventilation control apparatus for animal enclosure and method |
| CN1915003A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2007-02-21 | 朱燕 | Independent cage box in use for experiment animal |
| CN203040365U (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-07-10 | 凌云博际（北京）科技有限公司 | Air nozzle of independent ventilating cage |
| CN205402031U (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 | IVC cage box air inlet sealing device |
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| DE102008044652A1 (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-04 | Nordex Energy Gmbh | Method for operating a wind turbine with a wind speed measuring device |
| CN203215912U (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-09-25 | 上海开纯洁净室技术工程有限公司 | Energy-saving ventilating device used for isolated ventilating cage |
| CN204881088U (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-12-16 | 南京师范大学 | Middle air supply circulation drying equipment |
| CN105333908B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-09-12 | 上海鸣励实验室科技发展有限公司 | IVC system cage box environment measuring equipment and its scaling method |
| CN209043400U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-06-28 | 苏州大学卫生与环境技术研究所 | Convenient for the air quantity shield of operation |
| CN109804935A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-28 | 武汉金康空调净化有限公司 | Biological safe type big animal raising device |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5783233A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1982-05-25 | Aaru Tomasu Uiriamu | Animal enclosing chamber |
| US4402280A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1983-09-06 | Thomas William R | Animal caging system |
| US4602739A (en) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-07-29 | Sutton Jr James A | Ventilation control apparatus for animal enclosure and method |
| CN1915003A (en) * | 2006-08-09 | 2007-02-21 | 朱燕 | Independent cage box in use for experiment animal |
| CN203040365U (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-07-10 | 凌云博际（北京）科技有限公司 | Air nozzle of independent ventilating cage |
| CN205402031U (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 | IVC cage box air inlet sealing device |
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