CN112504147A - Detection tool and detection method for radius of arc surface - Google Patents
Detection tool and detection method for radius of arc surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112504147A CN112504147A CN202011277389.6A CN202011277389A CN112504147A CN 112504147 A CN112504147 A CN 112504147A CN 202011277389 A CN202011277389 A CN 202011277389A CN 112504147 A CN112504147 A CN 112504147A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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Abstract
The invention provides a detection tool for the radius of an arc surface and a detection method thereof, and the detection tool comprises a base and a measurement device, wherein the base is provided with three measuring rods, the axes of the three measuring rods are parallel to each other, the axes of the three measuring rods are vertical to the base, and the vertexes of the three measuring rods are coplanar; the head of the measuring rod is three hemispheres with the same sphere diameter, the measuring rod is in point contact with the arc surface, the three points determine a section circle, and the central line of the section circle passes through the base; the measuring tool is arranged on the base, and the center line of the cross-section circle is intersected with the base. The invention skillfully utilizes the pythagorean theorem, combines the mathematical law with the mechanical structure, has quick and convenient detection, and is suitable for normalized detection in workshop production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of arc surface detection, in particular to a detection tool and a detection method for the radius of an arc surface.
Background
The friction pendulum support (FPB) is applied to the middle of a bearing structure and a pier of a high-speed railway bridge, and plays a main role in connection and shock absorption. The FBP is mainly composed of an upper support plate 1, a lower support plate 2 and a middle slide block 3, wherein the upper support plate and the lower support plate are respectively provided with a concave surface, and the middle slide block is provided with a convex surface, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 1. When the sliding interface is subjected to earthquake action and exceeds static friction force, the horizontal motion of the ground can enable the sliding block to slide in the arc of the sliding interface, so that the upper structure is forced to be slightly lifted, and simple pendulum motion is generated. The support will then automatically return under the vertical load to which it is subjected. The horizontal force of the FPB is the resultant force of the friction force of the sliding surface and the horizontal restoring force generated by the rising of the upper structure along the slideway, the provided restoring force enables the support to automatically restore to the central position by means of the gravity borne by the support, so that the seismic response is controlled, and the rigidity center of the support has the tendency of automatically coinciding with the mass center of the seismic isolation structure, so that the torsional motion of the structure can be eliminated to the greatest extent.
The friction pendulum support (FPB) has a large arc surface to be detected, and the profile radius of the friction pendulum support can exceed 1000mm, and some friction pendulum supports even exceed 2000 mm. In the prior art, a three-coordinate detection method is usually adopted for measuring a workpiece with the large arc surface, but equipment used for three-coordinate measurement is expensive, needs to be stored in a constant-temperature and constant-humidity environment, is low in detection speed and has high technical requirements on detection personnel. And three-dimensional modeling is required, and the detection precision is not necessarily high. For large spherical support products with large size, the three-dimensional modeling difficulty is higher, and the method is not practical for normalized detection in workshop production.
In order to accelerate the detection speed and adapt to production, for the products, a plurality of large R gauges matched with various arc surfaces are manufactured, and the accuracy of the arc surfaces is evaluated by naked eyes by adhering R sheets to the arc surfaces on workpieces and taking whether light is transmitted or not as a standard. The effective arc length of the R gauge is generally not more than 300mm and is almost in a linear state, the misjudgment rate caused by the method is high, the requirement that the radius error of the R gauge specified in the national standard is not allowed to exceed 0.25 percent cannot be met, and a set of matched R gauge needs to be produced on each arc surface, so that the method is very inconvenient and an effective method for replacing the R gauge is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a detection tool capable of quickly and accurately detecting the radius of the arc surface, and the detection tool is low in development and manufacturing cost, simple in structure and convenient to operate. The technical problems of complex operation, long detection time, high cost, large detection error of an R gauge, high misjudgment rate and the like in the conventional three-coordinate detection are solved.
The detection tool for the radius of the arc surface comprises a base and a measuring device, wherein three measuring rods are arranged on the base, the axes of the three measuring rods are parallel to each other, the axes of the three measuring rods are vertical to the base, and the vertexes of the three measuring rods are coplanar; the head of the measuring rod is three hemispheres with the same sphere diameter, the measuring rod is in point contact with the arc surface, the three points determine a section circle, the central line of the section circle passes through the base, and the section circle is parallel to the base; the measuring tool is arranged on the base, and the center line of the cross-section circle is intersected with the base.
The invention combines the geometric stranding law with a measuring device, utilizes the mathematical law of three points to confirm a circle, the cross-section circle is coplanar with the head of the measuring rod, and utilizes the measuring device to measure the vertical distance from the center of the cross-section circle to the arc surface after the detecting tool is placed on the arc surface to be measured, namely the chord height of the arc surface to be measured;
any diameter in the cross-section circle is simultaneously a chord length of the arc surface to be detected, and the diameter of the cross-section circle is determined in the design process of the detection tool and belongs to a known condition; according to the pythagorean theorem, the radius of the arc surface to be measured can be obtained only by measuring the chord height by using a detection tool. The detection tool can realize the detection of products with different dimensions and specifications and can solve the problem that a large-radius arc surface is difficult to detect conveniently.
Preferably, the measuring device is a dial gauge, a high-precision laser distance meter, a grating ruler or a magnetic induction distance meter.
Further preferably, the measuring device is a dial indicator, and the axis of the detection rod of the dial indicator coincides with the center of the cross-sectional circle. The dial gauge has low cost, light weight and convenient operation.
Further preferably, the dial indicator is a digital display dial indicator.
Preferably, the base is T-shaped.
Preferably, the T-shape is an isosceles T-shape.
The base can be set to be in any shape such as a circle, a triangle and the like. The base is preferably T-shaped, and the T-shaped base is relatively round, the triangular base is light in weight, attractive in appearance and convenient to take.
Preferably, the arc surface is a concave surface of the friction pendulum support.
Further preferably, when the arc surface is a concave surface of the friction pendulum support, the resolution of the measuring device is 0.001 mm.
The measuring device can be a measuring tool with the precision of more than or equal to 0.001mm, such as a high-precision laser range finder, a grating ruler, a magnetic induction range finder and the like. The applicant proves that when the precision is 0.006mm, the system error can be ensured to meet the national standard m-level requirement through an experiment of measuring the concave radius of the friction pendulum support by a three-coordinate measuring method. Because the measuring devices have the precision of 0.1mm, 0.01mm and 0.001mm, the precision of 0.001mm with the precision of more than 0.006mm is selected, and the measuring device with the precision of 0.001mm is higher than the precision of 0.006mm, so that accurate measuring results can be obtained.
A detection method of the radius of the circular arc surface uses the detection tool of the radius of the circular arc surface, the diameter of the cross-section circle is ad, and the radius of the cross-section circle is ab; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing the detection tool on an arc surface to be detected, and enabling the heads of the three measuring rods to be in point contact with the arc surface of a product to be detected;
s2, setting the center of the cross-section circle of the measuring device as a measuring zero point;
s3, operating the measuring device to measure the vertical distance bc from the center of the cross-section circle to the arc surface;
s4, calculating the radius R of the arc surface to be measured through the Pythagorean theorem:
the law of collusion strands can be known as follows:
（ab)²+（R-bc)²=R²
so R = [ (ad/2) + (bc)/2 bc.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the detection tool has a simple structure and comprises a base and a measuring device, wherein three measuring rods are arranged on the base; also very convenient during the use, only need place it on the arc surface that awaits measuring, measure the perpendicular distance of cross-section circle to the arc surface that awaits measuring through measuring device, ingenious utilization colludes the thigh theorem, combines together mathematical law and mechanical structure, detects fast, and is convenient, is applicable to and is used for the normalization to detect in workshop production. The measuring device of the invention is preferably a dial indicator, and has the advantages of high accuracy, convenient use, low cost and high speed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a friction pendulum support.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tool for detecting the radius of a circular arc surface.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a T-shaped base.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of detection.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
The detection tool for the radius of the arc surface is provided, and the arc surface to be detected is a concave surface on the friction pendulum support. As shown in fig. 2, the detection tool comprises a base 4 and a dial indicator 5, wherein three measuring rods 6 are mounted on the base 4, the axes of the three measuring rods 6 are parallel to each other, the axes of the measuring rods 6 are perpendicular to the base 4, and the vertexes of the three measuring rods 6 are coplanar; the head of the measuring rod 6 is three hemispheres with the same sphere diameter, the measuring rod 6 is in point contact with the arc surface, as shown in fig. 3, the three points determine a section circle, the central line of the section circle passes through the base 4, and the section circle is parallel to the base 4; the dial indicator is arranged on the base 4 and at the intersection of the central line of the section circle and the base 4.
And the axis of the detection rod of the dial indicator 5 is superposed with the center of the cross-section circle.
The dial indicator 5 is a digital display dial indicator.
The resolution of the dial indicator 5 is 0.001 mm.
The base 4 is T-shaped.
The T-shape is an isosceles T-shape.
This embodiment detects friction pendulum support concave surface radius, combines together the geometry colludes the strake law and the structural feature of amesdial itself, utilizes the mathematics law and the amesdial vertical direction motion of a circle of three point confirmation to read out the chordal height, utilizes chordal height and radial relation to calculate by survey spherical radius to realize with the detection of a detection instrument to different dimensions product, can solve the convenient difficult problem of detection of major radius circular arc sphere.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for detecting the radius of an arc surface in embodiment 1, where the arc surface to be detected is a concave surface 7 of a friction pendulum support, as shown in fig. 4. Using the tool for detecting the radius of the arc surface described in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, o is the center of the sphere of the arc surface to be detected, a and d are the intersection points of the diameter of the cross-sectional circle and the cross-sectional circle, b is the center of the cross-sectional circle, and R is the radius of the arc surface to be detected; the diameter of the cross-section circle is ad, and any diameter in the cross-section circle is a chord length of the arc surface to be measured; the vertical distance between the center of the cross-section circle and the arc surface is bc, and bc is the chord height of the arc surface to be measured; the diameter of the cross-section circle is a known condition, and if ad =150mm, the radius ab =75mm of the cross-section circle; the specific detection steps are as follows:
s1, placing the detection tool on an arc surface to be detected, and enabling the heads of the three measuring rods to be in point contact with the arc surface of a product to be detected;
s2, setting the center of the cross-section circle of the measuring device as a measuring zero point;
s3, as shown in the figure 4, operating the measuring device to measure the vertical distance bc =8mm from the center of the cross-section circle to the arc surface;
s4, calculating the radius R of the arc surface to be measured through the Pythagorean theorem:
the law of collusion strands can be known as follows:
（ab)²+（R-bc)²=R²
so R = [ (ad/2) + (bc)/2 bc = (75 + 8)/16 =355.5625 mm.
According to the method for detecting the radius of the arc surface, the radius of the arc surface is detected and placed on the concave surface of the friction pendulum support, and then the dial indicator is read, so that the method is simple and convenient to operate and high in measurement precision. The radius of the measured curved surface is calculated by utilizing the relation between the chord height and the radius, so that the detection of products with different sizes and specifications is realized, and the problem of difficult convenient detection of large-radius arc spherical surfaces can be solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The detection tool for the radius of the arc surface is characterized by comprising a base and a measuring device, wherein three measuring rods are arranged on the base, the axes of the three measuring rods are parallel to each other, the axes of the measuring rods are perpendicular to the base, and the vertexes of the three measuring rods are coplanar; the head of the measuring rod is three hemispheres with the same sphere diameter, the measuring rod is in point contact with the arc surface, the three points determine a section circle, the central line of the section circle passes through the base, and the section circle is parallel to the base; the measuring tool is arranged on the base, and the center line of the cross-section circle is intersected with the base.
2. The tool for detecting the radius of the arc surface according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is a dial gauge, a high-precision laser distance meter, a grating ruler or a magnetic induction distance meter.
3. The tool for detecting the radius of the arc surface according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device is a dial indicator, and the axis of a detection rod of the dial indicator coincides with the center of the cross-sectional circle.
4. The tool for detecting the radius of the arc surface according to claim 3, wherein the dial indicator is a digital display dial indicator.
5. The tool of claim 1, wherein the base is T-shaped.
6. The tool of claim 5, wherein the T-shape is an isosceles T-shape.
7. The tool for detecting the radius of the circular arc surface of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the circular arc surface is a concave surface of a friction pendulum support.
8. The tool of claim 7, wherein the measuring device has a resolution of 0.001 mm.
9. A method for detecting the radius of a circular arc surface, characterized in that the tool for detecting the radius of a circular arc surface according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, wherein the diameter of the cross-sectional circle is ad, and the radius of the cross-sectional circle is ab; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, placing the detection tool on an arc surface to be detected, and enabling the heads of the three measuring rods to be in point contact with the arc surface of a product to be detected;
s2, setting the center of the cross-section circle of the measuring device as a measuring zero point;
s3, operating the measuring device to measure the vertical distance bc from the center of the cross-section circle to the arc surface;
s4, calculating the radius R of the arc surface to be measured through the Pythagorean theorem:
the law of collusion strands can be known as follows:
（ab)²+（R-bc)²=R²
so R = [ (ad/2) + (bc)/2 bc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011277389.6A CN112504147A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Detection tool and detection method for radius of arc surface |
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| CN202011277389.6A CN112504147A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Detection tool and detection method for radius of arc surface |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432566A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-24 | 南宁市自然资源信息集团有限公司 | Tree circumference measuring device and using method |
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| CN201233231Y (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2009-05-06 | 江西铜业集团公司 | Caliper for measuring radius of inner and exterior circle arcs and sphere |
| CN103234432A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Center-free arc bending radius measuring ruler and bend pipe bending radius measuring method |
| CN204177332U (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-25 | 贵州群建精密机械有限公司 | A kind of Inner arc measurer for curvity radius |
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2020
- 2020-11-16 CN CN202011277389.6A patent/CN112504147A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201233231Y (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2009-05-06 | 江西铜业集团公司 | Caliper for measuring radius of inner and exterior circle arcs and sphere |
| CN103234432A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Center-free arc bending radius measuring ruler and bend pipe bending radius measuring method |
| CN204177332U (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-25 | 贵州群建精密机械有限公司 | A kind of Inner arc measurer for curvity radius |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432566A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-09-24 | 南宁市自然资源信息集团有限公司 | Tree circumference measuring device and using method |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |
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