CN112500066A - Environment-friendly vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of concrete, and particularly discloses environment-friendly vegetation concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly vegetation concrete comprises 80-90 parts of turfy soil; 40-50 parts of straw humus; 2-3 parts of fibrilia; 50-70 parts of cement; 180 portions of coarse aggregate and 200 portions of coarse aggregate; 3-5 parts of weak acid ion exchange resin; 0.5-0.6 part of water-retaining agent; 220 portions and 270 portions of water. The preparation steps are as follows: s1: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent; s2: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil and fibrilia to obtain a substrate mixture; s3: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing. The vegetation concrete has lower alkalinity, and is more suitable for vegetation growth.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to environment-friendly vegetation concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since vegetation is difficult to grow on ordinary concrete, vegetation concrete is produced in order to relieve the pressure of greening and vegetation resources caused by the large amount of concrete used in modern construction. The vegetation concrete is ecological concrete capable of carrying out vegetation operation in concrete, can adapt to the growth of plants while keeping the original protection function, plays a role in protecting the environment and improving ecological conditions, and has wide application prospect in the field of slope reinforcement.
The existing vegetation concrete, such as the revetment vegetation concrete disclosed in chinese patent with application number CN94116946.4, comprises the following raw materials: cement, gravel, sand, ceramsite and water, wherein the dosage ratio (weight ratio) of the cement, the gravel, the sand, the ceramsite and the water is 1:3.4-4.0:0.46-0.60:0.30-0.47:0.40-0.50, the cement is No. 425, and the ceramsite is ceramsite which is sprayed with a compound fertilizer in advance.
The cement can generate an alkaline environment during the curing and using processes, and the growth of vegetation is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the influence of alkaline ring caused by cement in vegetation concrete on the growth of vegetation, the application provides environment-friendly vegetation concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an environment-friendly vegetation concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly vegetation concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
80-90 parts of turfy soil;
40-50 parts of straw humus;
2-3 parts of fibrilia;
50-70 parts of cement;
180 portions of coarse aggregate and 200 portions of coarse aggregate;
3-5 parts of weak acid ion exchange resin;
0.5-0.6 part of water-retaining agent;
220 portions and 270 portions of water.
By adopting the technical scheme, only coarse aggregate is used in the raw materials, and fine aggregate is not used, so that the concrete can keep larger porosity, the turfy soil and straw humus can be filled in the pores of the coarse aggregate, a proper growing environment and nutrition supply are provided for the root system of vegetation, and the cement is responsible for improving the structural strength of the solidified concrete and has a protection function.
The raw materials also contain fibrilia, and the fibrilia can improve the binding capacity among the turfy soil, the straw humus and the cement, improve the stability of the turfy soil and the straw humus in a coarse aggregate gap, and improve the integral structural strength. The water-retaining agent can provide water retention and water supply capacity for the interior of the concrete, and can maintain the humidity of the interior of the concrete, so that the water-retaining agent is more suitable for plant growth. The weak acidic ion exchange resin can play a role in adjusting the pH value in concrete, and provides a proper ion exchange environment for the weak acidic ion exchange resin under the coordination of the water retaining agent, so that the alkalinity generated in the curing and using processes of cement is reduced, and a proper growing environment is provided for vegetation.
And because the strong basicity of the cement is the main reason for limiting the addition amount of the cement in the vegetation concrete, the cement has better pH value adjusting capacity under the coordination effect of the weak acidic ion exchange resin and the water-retaining agent, so the use upper limit of the cement in the concrete can be improved, and the strength of the vegetation concrete is improved.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 8-10 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite, and the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite is obtained by soaking and modifying zeolite in a monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution with the concentration of 5% -8%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite also has a pH adjusting effect, and can be matched with the acidic ion exchange resin to further improve the pH adjusting capability in concrete. The zeolite has a good pore structure, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be fully attached to pores by modifying the zeolite with a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, so that the loss of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the preparation process of concrete is reduced, and the zeolite has a long-acting pH adjusting effect. And the potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be used as a phosphate fertilizer, so that the fertility of turfy soil and straw humus is improved, and the survival rate of vegetation is improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite is 5-10 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite with the particle size has a better pH value adjusting effect.
Preferably, the raw material also comprises 20-25 parts of kaolin by mass.
By adopting the technical scheme, the kaolin is used in the raw materials, so that the flowability inside the concrete can be improved, the straw humus, the turfy soil and the cement can be fully filled between the pores of the coarse aggregate, the compactness of the structure is improved, and the growth of vegetation is facilitated.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is a composition of polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate grafted starch, and the dosage ratio of the polyacrylamide to the sodium polyacrylate grafted starch is 1 (1.5-2).
By adopting the technical scheme, the water-retaining agent with the components and the using amount has better water-retaining effect in vegetation concrete. The sodium polyacrylate grafted starch can be naturally degraded, and can not cause pressure on vegetation and soil.
Preferably, the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 30-35 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the vegetation concrete prepared by using the coarse aggregate in the particle size range has better porosity and higher structural strength, and is the preferable range of the particle size of the coarse aggregate.
Preferably, the length of the fibrilia is 3-5 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hemp fibers within the length range can fully fix the turfy soil, the straw humus and the cement, and can effectively enter the gaps among the coarse aggregates to achieve a better filling effect.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a process for preparing an environment-friendly vegetation concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite: soaking zeolite in potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at 50-60 deg.C for 2-2.5h, taking out, and draining to obtain potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite;
s2: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s3: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil, fibrilia and kaolin to obtain a substrate mixture;
s4: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the zeolite is soaked in the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the S1, the solution is heated, so that the zeolite can better absorb the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the air in the pores of the zeolite is reduced, and the modification effect is improved.
The water-retaining agent is firstly made into gel in S2, so that the subsequent mixing is convenient, the mixing is more uniform, the change of the internal structure of the concrete caused by the water absorption and expansion of the water-retaining agent in the subsequent mixing can be prevented, and the concrete keeps a stable shape in the solidification process.
In the S3, the cement, the straw humus, the turfy soil and the hemp fiber are uniformly mixed, so that the problem that the components are not easy to mix due to coagulation after subsequent water addition can be solved.
In S4, the coarse aggregate, the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin are mixed, so that the water-retaining agent is fully attached to the surface of the coarse aggregate to form a water-retaining film, the water-retaining agent can be more uniformly and stably present in concrete by taking the coarse aggregate as a support, the water-retaining and water-supplying effects of the water-retaining agent are improved, and the water-retaining and water-supplying effects of the water-retaining agent can be fully contacted with the weakly acidic ion exchange resin to improve the pH value adjusting effect of the water-retaining agent.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the turfy soil, straw humus and cement are used as matrixes, and the effects of internal water retention and pH value adjustment are achieved by adding the water retention agent and the weak acid ion exchange resin, so that the method is suitable for vegetation growth. And the fibrilia is added, so that the binding capacity among the components is improved, and the stability of the structure is improved.
2. The raw materials also contain potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite, and the appropriate particle size is given, so that the pH adjusting capability of the concrete is further improved.
3. The raw materials also contain kaolin, so that the fluidity of concrete is improved, and the turfy soil and straw humus can be better filled between coarse aggregates.
4. The application also provides a preparation process of the environment-friendly vegetation concrete, which comprises the steps of treating each component, mixing the coarse aggregate with the water-retaining agent and the weak acid ion exchange resin, improving the uniformity and the adhesiveness of the water-retaining agent and improving the pH adjusting capacity of the weak acid ion exchange resin.
Detailed Description
Examples
Example 1: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the raw materials are as follows: 80kg of turfy soil, 40kg of straw humus, 2kg of fibrilia, 50kg of cement, 180kg of coarse aggregate, 3kg of weak acid ion exchange resin, 0.5kg of water-retaining agent and 220kg of water; wherein the water retention agent is a mixture of 0.1kg of polyacrylamide and 0.4kg of sodium polyacrylate grafted starch.
In the raw materials, the length of the fibrilia is 4 mm; PI42.5R Portland cement is selected as the cement; the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 33 mm; the weak acidic ion exchange resin is D001 macroporous weak acidic styrene cation exchange resin.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil and fibrilia to obtain a substrate mixture;
s3: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
Examples 2 to 4: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the difference from example 1 is that: the dosage of each component is different, the mixture ratio of the polyacrylamide and the sodium polyacrylate grafted starch in the water-retaining agent is also different, and the specific dosage is shown in the following table 1.
Examples 5 to 6: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw material also contains potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite, wherein the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite is obtained by soaking and modifying zeolite in 6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, the particle size of the used zeolite is 3mm, and the dosage of the components is shown in the following table 1.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: preparation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite: soaking zeolite in potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at 55 deg.C for 2 hr, taking out, and draining to obtain potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite;
s2: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s3: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil and fibrilia to obtain a substrate mixture;
s4: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
Example 7: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the difference from example 5 is that: the zeolite used had a particle size of 8mm and the amounts of the remaining components were as shown in Table 1 below.
Examples 8 to 9: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw materials also contain kaolin, and the dosage of each component is shown in the following table 1.
The preparation step S3 is: and uniformly mixing the cement, straw humus, turfy soil, fibrilia and kaolin to obtain a substrate mixture.
Example 10: an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing a concrete,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw materials also contain monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite and kaolin, wherein the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite is obtained by soaking and modifying zeolite in 6% monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution, the particle size of the used zeolite is 3mm, and the dosage of the components is shown in the following table 1.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: preparation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite: soaking zeolite in potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at 55 deg.C for 2 hr, taking out, and draining to obtain potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite;
s2: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s3: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil, fibrilia and kaolin to obtain a substrate mixture;
s4: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
Table 1: EXAMPLES 1-10 Components and usage Scale (kg)
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: a concrete for planting vegetation, which is prepared from,
the raw materials are as follows: 50kg of cement, 200kg of coarse aggregate, 25kg of sand, 20kg of ceramsite and 20kg of water, wherein the ceramsite is sprayed with a compound fertilizer in advance, the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 20mm, the cement is PI42.5R Portland cement, and the nitrogen content, the phosphorus content and the potassium content in the compound fertilizer are 130mg/l, 60mg/l and 140 mg/l.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: uniformly spraying compound fertilizer on the ceramsite, wherein the spraying amount of the compound fertilizer is 1kg/m3；
S2: and mixing the cement, the coarse aggregate, the sand, the ceramsite sprayed with the compound fertilizer and the water to obtain the vegetation concrete.
Comparative example 2: a concrete for planting vegetation, which is prepared from,
the difference from example 1 is that: 2kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was used in place of the weakly acidic ion exchange resin, and the amounts of the respective components were as shown in Table 2 below.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil, fibrilia and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a substrate mixture;
s3: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
Comparative example 3: a concrete for planting vegetation, which is prepared from,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw materials do not contain weak acid ion exchange resin, and the dosage of each component is shown in the following table 2.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s2: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil and fibrilia to obtain a substrate mixture;
s3: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
Comparative example 4: a concrete for planting vegetation, which is prepared from,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw materials do not contain a water-retaining agent, and the dosage of each component is shown in the following table 2.
The preparation steps are as follows:
s1: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil and fibrilia to obtain a substrate mixture;
s2: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the weak-acid ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniformly mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniformly mixing.
Comparative example 5: a concrete for planting vegetation, which is prepared from,
the difference from example 1 is that: the raw materials do not contain fibrilia, and the dosage of each component is shown in the following table 2.
The preparation step S2 is: and uniformly mixing the cement, the straw humus and the turfy soil to obtain a substrate mixture.
Table 2: comparative examples 2-5 ingredient and dosage tables
Performance test
The vegetation concrete is characterized by better vegetation adaptability and better strength, so that detection tests are mainly carried out from the two aspects.
Test one: test for vegetation survival
The test principle is as follows: the concrete of each test group is used as a raw material to be poured into a quilt bed, soil mixed with vegetation seeds is paved on the quilt bed to be used as a quilt cover, and after the vegetation is maintained for a period of time, the growth condition of the vegetation is compared, so that the condition and the property of the concrete of each test group to the quilt can be judged.
Test subjects: examples 1 to 10, comparative examples 1 to 5.
The test steps are as follows: the concrete prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were cast into concrete slabs of 3m × 3m and 20cm in thickness, respectively, and a compound fertilizer (the same as that in comparative example 1) was sprayed on the concrete slabs of comparative example 1 in an amount of 0.075kg/m2Then, each slab was cured for 28 days. Spreading 3cm thick soil on the surface of the cured concrete slab as a quilt bed to form a quilt cover, and sowing manila seeds on the quilt cover, wherein the seed sowing density is 15g/m2A greenhouse is covered on the quilt cover, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be 20 +/-3 ℃, the humidity in the greenhouse is controlled to be 40 +/-2% RH, after 30 days, the vegetation growth condition on each test group is observed, the average survival density S of each square meter of plants is measured, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 average survival Density S of plants (plants/m) on concrete bedding of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-42)
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative example 1 in table 3, it can be seen that the S value of example 1 is significantly higher than that of comparative example 1, which can indicate that the vegetation has better adaptability to the vegetation concrete prepared in example 1 than that of comparative example 1, because the weakly acidic ion exchange resin is added in example 1, the alkalinity of the concrete during curing and use is reduced, and the pH value of the concrete is adjusted to make the concrete more suitable for the growth of vegetation. In contrast, in comparative example 1, only the compound fertilizer was used in the concrete, and the compound fertilizer did not have the ability to adjust the pH of the concrete.
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative examples 2 to 3 in table 3, it can be seen that the S value of example 1 is significantly higher than that of comparative examples 2 to 3, which indicates that the vegetation concrete of example 1 is more suitable for the growth of vegetation, and since potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used in the comparative example 2 instead of the weakly acidic ion exchange resin, and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin is not used in the comparative example 3, it can be further illustrated that the alkalinity of the concrete can be effectively reduced and the survival rate of vegetation can be improved by the pH adjustment effect of the weakly acidic ion exchange resin, and that the pH adjustment effect of the weakly acidic ion exchange resin is better than that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative example 4 in table 3, it can be seen that the S value of example 1 is significantly higher than that of comparative example 4, which can indicate that the vegetation concrete of example 1 is more suitable for the growth of vegetation because the water retention agent can provide water retention and supply capacity for the interior of concrete, maintain the humidity of the interior of concrete, provide moisture required for the growth of vegetation, and the water retention agent is matched with weakly acidic ion exchange resin, and the moisture in the water retention agent provides better ion exchange conditions for the ion exchange resin, thereby further improving the adjustment capacity of pH value.
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative example 5 in table 3, it can be seen that the S value of example 1 is higher than that of comparative example 5, which indicates that the addition of hemp fiber to the raw material also has the effect of improving the survival rate of vegetation, probably because the components in the raw material are more closely combined under the action of hemp fiber, and the loss of each effective component in the pores of the coarse aggregate can be reduced during the cement curing and using process.
Comparing the data in Table 3 for examples 1-4, it can be seen that the S values for examples 2-3 are higher, which indicates that the amount ratio of the polyacrylamide and the sodium polyacrylate grafted starch in examples 2-3 is better, and at this amount ratio, the vegetation can be better moisturized and better matched with the weakly acidic ion exchange resin.
Comparing the data of example 1 and examples 5-7 in table 3, it can be seen that the S values of examples 5-7 are higher than example 1, and the S value of example 7 is the highest, which indicates that the survival rate of vegetation can be improved by adding the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite to the raw material, and the particle size of the zeolite in example 7 is the more preferable particle size. The reason is that the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite also has a pH adjusting effect and can be matched with the acidic ion exchange resin to further improve the pH adjusting capability in the concrete, so that the concrete is better suitable for the survival of vegetation.
Comparing the data of example 1 and examples 8-9 in Table 3, it can be seen that the S values of examples 8-9 are higher than example 1, which demonstrates that the survival rate of vegetation can be improved by adding kaolin to the raw material. The kaolin can improve the fluidity of the interior of the concrete, so that straw humus, turfy soil and cement can be fully filled among pores of the coarse aggregate, and the compactness of the structure is improved.
Comparing the data of example 1 and examples 5-10 in table 3, it can be seen that the S value of example 10 is the highest, which indicates that the vegetation survival rate of concrete can be further improved by adding the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite and kaolin at the same time, the two substances can play a role in cooperation, and the kaolin can improve the dispersion degree of zeolite among coarse aggregate pores, so that better effect is achieved.
And (2) test II: concrete pH detection test
The test principle is as follows: and detecting the pH value of the cured vegetation concrete, and visually judging the influence of the pH value of the concrete on the growth of vegetation from the pH value.
Test subjects: examples 1-7, comparative examples 1-4.
The test steps are as follows: because the vegetation concrete has the property of soil to a certain extent, the pH value of the vegetation concrete can be detected by a method for detecting the soil. The vegetation concrete of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 4 after 28 days of maintenance was crushed, coarse aggregate was sieved out, various fillers inside were crushed, the crushed powder after crushing was used as a test object, water was used as an extraction agent according to the soil pH measurement method described in national standard NY/T1377-2007, and the pH values of the test objects were measured, and the experimental results are shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-4 pH values of vegetation concretes
Comparing the pH values of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 in table 4, it can be seen that the pH values of examples 1-4 are lower than comparative examples 1-4, and thus examples 1-4 are more suitable for the growth of most neutral and more acidic vegetation. This shows that the weak acid ion exchange resin has the function of adjusting the pH value of the concrete to make the concrete suitable for the growth of vegetation, and the water retention agent has the function of matching and improving the performance of the weak acid ion exchange resin. The effect of the weakly acidic ion exchange resin on the adjustment of the pH value is better than that of the method of directly adding dipotassium hydrogen phosphate into concrete.
Comparing the pH values of examples 1-4 and examples 5-7 in table 4, it can be seen that the pH values of examples 5-7 are lower, and since the optimum environmental pH for most plants is 6.5-7, examples 5-7 are more suitable for the growth of most neutral and acidic vegetation. Therefore, the survival rate of vegetation on concrete can be further improved by adding the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite into the raw materials.
And (3) test III: the test principle of the concrete strength test is as follows: and (3) preparing concrete test blocks by taking the concrete of each test group as a raw material, and detecting the compressive strength of each test block so as to compare the strength of each test group.
Test subjects: examples 1-10, comparative example 1, comparative example 5.
The test steps are as follows: according to the content of the compression strength test in the national standard GB/T50081-2019 of the people's republic of China, the compression strength f of the vegetation concrete of the example 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 5 is respectivelyccThe test results are shown in table 5 below.
TABLE 5 compressive Strength f of vegetation concretes of examples 1-10, comparative example 1 and comparative example 5cc(MPa)
Comparing the data of examples 1-10 and comparative example 1 in table 5, it can be seen that the compressive strength of examples 1-10 is higher than that of comparative example 1, and the conclusion of test one shows that examples 1-10 have better structural strength when having better vegetation survival rate, and meet the requirement of 7-20MPa of the strength requirement of vegetation concrete.
The compressive strength of examples 5 to 7 was higher than that of examples 1 to 4, because the potassium dihydrogen phosphate-modified zeolite acted as a fine aggregate to some extent, and the compressive strength of the concrete was improved. The compressive strength of examples 8-9 is slightly higher than that of examples 1-4, because the kaolin improves the fluidity of the cement and the components, so that the cement and the components are more fully filled in the pores of the coarse aggregate, and the compactness of the structure is improved.
Comparing the data of example 1 and comparative example 5 in table 5, it can be seen that the compressive strength of example 1 is higher than that of comparative example 5, which indicates that the fibrilia can effectively improve the compressive strength of concrete and the stability of combination of the components in the concrete
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an environment-friendly vegetation concrete which characterized in that: the material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80-90 parts of turfy soil;
40-50 parts of straw humus;
2-3 parts of fibrilia;
50-70 parts of cement;
180 portions of coarse aggregate and 200 portions of coarse aggregate;
3-5 parts of weak acid ion exchange resin;
0.5-0.6 part of water-retaining agent;
220 portions and 270 portions of water.
2. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material also comprises 8-10 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite, and the monopotassium phosphate modified zeolite is obtained by soaking and modifying zeolite in monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution with the concentration of 5% -8%.
3. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the particle size of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite is 5-10 mm.
4. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material also comprises 20-25 parts of kaolin by mass.
5. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water-retaining agent is a composition of polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate grafted starch, and the dosage ratio of the polyacrylamide to the sodium polyacrylate grafted starch is 1 (1.5-2).
6. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the coarse aggregate is 30-35 mm.
7. The environment-friendly vegetation concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the fibrilia is 3-5 mm.
8. The process for preparing environment-friendly vegetation concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite: soaking zeolite in potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution at 50-60 deg.C for 2-2.5h, taking out, and draining to obtain potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite;
s2: mixing the water-retaining agent and water according to the mass ratio of 1:100, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain a gel water-retaining agent;
s3: uniformly mixing cement, straw humus, turfy soil, fibrilia and kaolin to obtain a substrate mixture;
s4: mixing the coarse aggregate and water according to the mass ratio of 10:1 until the surface of the coarse aggregate is fully wetted, adding the gelatinous water-retaining agent and the weakly acidic ion exchange resin into the coarse aggregate for mixing, adding the substrate mixture, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate modified zeolite and the rest water into the coarse aggregate after uniform mixing, and obtaining the vegetation concrete after uniform mixing.
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