CN112500063B

CN112500063B - Anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112500063B
Application number: CN202011569309.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱鹏程
Original assignee: Jingjiang Hengsheng Concrete Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Jingjiang Hengsheng Concrete Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-26
Filing date: 2020-12-26
Publication date: 2021-10-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-26
Also published as: CN112500063A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of concrete, and particularly discloses anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of water, 30-35 parts of cement, 90-100 parts of coarse aggregate, 90-100 parts of fine aggregate and 0.1-0.5 part of additive; the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete structure depth is 2-3 mm. This application optimizes the structure degree of depth of exposed concrete material, and increase roughness improves exposed concrete material's cling compound performance, and concrete material coarse aggregate granule under this structure bonds firmly with exposed concrete between, has improved the not good problem of traditional exposed concrete material intensity simultaneously to exposed concrete cling compound performance and mechanical strength have effectively been improved.

Description

Anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of concrete, in particular to anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The pervious concrete is a special concrete, also called porous concrete, discontinuous graded concrete, open pore concrete or filter concrete, generally composed of a binder, coarse aggregate, water and an additive, and the engineering material which is prepared by a special process and contains continuous pores inside and has a high water seepage function can be used for water purification, permeable pavement, sound absorption and other engineering. The exposed aggregate concrete takes the exposed aggregate of the permeable concrete surface layer as the concrete with the surface layer decorative effect. The aggregate is exposed on the surface, the external decoration aesthetic feeling is achieved by the fresh color, the mellow luster, the good texture and the like of the aggregate, and the natural decoration effect of non-artificial carving is realized. The exposed-bone pervious concrete integrates the decoration and the functionality into a whole, is applied to urban construction, can play a role in protecting the ecological environment, and can create a comfortable and attractive living environment.

The exposed aggregate concrete at present is different due to the exposed degree and variety of surface aggregate and hardened cement, and different exposed aggregate concrete is different in process and raw materials, different in applied part, different in decorative effect and different in quality control key point. The base layer treatment is a very critical step in all exposed aggregate concrete construction, aggregates on the surface of an exposed aggregate veneer layer are clearly and uniformly distributed, are compact and flat, have consistent color and luster, are neat in edges and corners, are firmly bonded with the base layer, have no hollowing, cracks, no exposed slurry, leakage and adhesion, have no grain falling and joint trace, and have no obvious black edge at the exposed corner of a dry bonding stone; the concrete pattern lines formed by exposed aggregate are clear and have convex-concave changes.

Aiming at the related technologies, the inventor thinks that the retardation of the existing exposed concrete material is easy to lose efficacy when the temperature is over 50 ℃, the penetration effect is not good, the texture structure depth and the surface three-dimensional appearance characteristics and distribution of the pavement are directly influenced, the high-level pavement with high skid resistance is difficult to form and even is suitable for the situation, the skid resistance is not good, and the service performance is finally influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defect that the anti-skid performance and the mechanical strength of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete are not good, the application provides the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete and the preparation method thereof, and the following technical scheme is adopted:

in a first aspect, the application provides an anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of water, 30-35 parts of cement, 90-100 parts of coarse aggregate, 90-100 parts of fine aggregate and 0.1-0.5 part of additive; the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete structure depth is 2-3 mm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because this application optimizes exposed bone concrete material's the structure degree of depth, make it have good roughness and specific surface area, such concrete structure can be in the in-service use process, improve exposed bone concrete material's cling compound performance through the roughness of increase, there is not obvious slurry residue between the coarse aggregate on the concrete material surface under this structure simultaneously, it is firm to bond between coarse aggregate granule and the exposed bone concrete, the not good problem of traditional exposed bone concrete material intensity has been improved, thereby exposed bone concrete cling compound performance and mechanical strength have effectively been improved.

Further, the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete further comprises an anti-skid modification liquid, wherein the anti-skid modification liquid comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of deionized water, 3-5 parts of sodium citrate, 6-8 parts of sodium gluconate and 1-2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the exposed-bone concrete material is prepared, the anti-slip modifying liquid is added, the composition formula and the raw materials are optimized, the sodium citrate, the sodium gluconate and the sodium tripolyphosphate are added into the anti-slip modifying liquid, the materials contain hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH) in molecules and have polarity, the materials can be adsorbed on a solid-liquid interface and change the surface characteristics of solid particles, the contact between water and cement is interrupted on the surfaces of the cement particles through the adsorption effect, the hydration process of the cement is hindered, and a good slow setting effect is achieved.

Further, the anti-skid modified liquid also comprises a mixed sol liquid with the same mass as the deionized water, and the mixed sol liquid is prepared by the following method: (1) stirring and mixing the ethanol solution and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1-1.2: 4.5-5.0, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring and mixing to obtain a sol solution A; (2) stirring and mixing aluminum chloride and an ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 2-2.5: 4-5, and performing hydrolysis treatment to obtain a sol solution B; (3) mixing the epoxypropane, the silica sol and the alumina sol according to the mass ratio of 1: 7.5-10: 12.5-15 to prepare the mixed sol solution.

By adopting the technical scheme, as the composite silicon-aluminum sol prepared by taking tetraethoxysilane and aluminum chloride as raw materials is taken as an anti-skid modified material, and the composite sol system with the nano structure formed by hydrolysis is mixed to improve the structural performance among concrete gel particles, the prepared composite sol has good nano size effect and can effectively permeate into the pores of the pervious concrete, meanwhile, the permeated sol is not simply filled and is effectively coated on the inner walls of the pores in the concrete through sol drying, so that a good coating modification effect is formed, therefore, in the subsequent use process, the aerogel system formed by drying forms a good supporting effect on the internal structure and the pores, the mechanical strength of the concrete material is improved, the mechanical strength of the pervious concrete as a matrix is improved, and the finally prepared open-bone pervious concrete has a good supporting effect, the phenomenon that the coarse aggregate slips due to the collapse of the matrix in the use process of the concrete is prevented, so that the mechanical property and the anti-slip property of the exposed-bone permeable concrete material are further improved.

Further, the mixed sol solution also comprises calcium carbonate particles with the mass of 10% of the mixed sol solution.

By adopting the technical scheme, because the calcium carbonate particles are added into the mixed sol solution, and the addition amount of the calcium carbonate particles is optimized, the prepared mixed sol solution is filled into the pore structure inside the concrete through calcium carbonate, the structural strength of the pervious concrete material is improved, and the mechanical property of the pervious concrete material is further improved.

Further, the anti-skid modified liquid is prepared by adopting the following method: (1) respectively weighing 40-60 parts by weight of mixed sol solution, 0.2-0.5 part by weight of silane coupling agent and 4-5 parts by weight of calcium carbonate particles, mixing, placing in a grinding device, grinding, dispersing and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain sieving solution; (2) respectively weighing 45-50 parts by weight of the sieved liquid, 55-60 parts by weight of deionized water, 3-5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 6-8 parts by weight of sodium gluconate and 1-2 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the materials into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at 55-60 ℃, standing and cooling the mixture to room temperature, and collecting the antiskid modified liquid.

By adopting the technical scheme, as the silane coupling agent is added in the process of preparing the anti-skid modified liquid, on one hand, the addition of the silane coupling agent can optimize the dispersion performance of calcium carbonate particles, so that the calcium carbonate particles are uniformly dispersed in the anti-skid modified liquid, the agglomeration of the calcium carbonate particles is prevented, the mechanical property of the pervious concrete material is reduced, and on the other hand, the addition of the silane coupling agent further improves the bonding strength of the mixed sol liquid and the concrete material, so that the prepared anti-skid modified liquid and the pervious concrete form a good bonding effect, and the mechanical property and the anti-skid property of the exposed bone pervious concrete material are effectively improved.

Further, the particle size of the calcium carbonate particles is 6-8 μm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the calcium carbonate particle diameter has been optimized in this application, add it to the concrete material in, effectively form effectual infiltration load to the concrete material surface, because its size structure is less, in using it to the concrete, calcium carbonate particle shape produces "ball effect", play fine physics water reducing effect, the flow property of reinforcing concrete, be favorable to improving the homogeneity of slurry to aggregate parcel, improve the workability, guarantee the development of concrete later stage intensity, effectively avoided the negative effect to the concrete performance that permeates water after the fine aggregate is filled to the exposed bone concrete material's that permeates water mechanical properties and skid resistance have further been improved.

In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: s1, concrete slurry preparation: weighing water, cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and an additive according to a formula, respectively, placing the weighed materials in a stirrer, and stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry; s2, conventional curing treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 20 +/-5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%; s3, anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 times of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid to the surface of the concrete, and continuing to perform film coating and curing treatment after the spraying is finished; s4, preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 20 +/-5 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 55-65 ℃ to prepare the anti-slip high-strength exposed concrete.

By adopting the technical scheme, the time of throwing the coarse aggregate to the concrete material and the time of spraying the anti-slip modifying liquid are optimized, so that the setting time of the concrete surface is adjusted, the setting of cement mortar with the thickness of 2-3 mm on the surface is delayed, meanwhile, the normal setting and hardening of the main body concrete are not influenced, the surface is scrubbed by water after the main body concrete reaches a certain strength, the slurry is removed, the uniformly distributed coarse aggregate is exposed, the cement concrete pavement formed in the way has good anti-slip property and noise reduction effect, and the mechanical property and anti-slip property of the exposed-bone permeable concrete material are effectively improved.

Further, the spraying amount of the anti-skid modified liquid in the step S3 is 450-600 g/m²。

By adopting the technical scheme, the spraying amount of the anti-skid modified liquid is optimized, so that the concrete material sprayed with the anti-skid modified liquid can delay the setting time of the surface depth of the concrete material at 2-3 mm, and meanwhile, the mechanical structure of the concrete material is damaged in the subsequent slurry removing process due to the fact that the spraying amount of the concrete material is too large and the permeability is high, so that the finally prepared anti-skid permeable concrete material has a good mechanical structure and anti-skid performance.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

first, this application adopts the structure degree of depth of optimizing exposed concrete material, makes it have good roughness and specific surface area, such concrete structure can be in the in-service use in-process, improve exposed concrete material's cling compound performance through the roughness of increase, there is not obvious slurry residue simultaneously between the coarse aggregate on the concrete material surface under this structure, it is firm to bond between coarse aggregate granule and the exposed concrete, the not good problem of traditional exposed concrete material intensity has been improved, thereby exposed concrete cling compound performance and mechanical strength have effectively been improved.

Secondly, when the exposed-bone concrete material is prepared, the anti-slip modifying liquid is added, the composition formula and raw materials of the exposed-bone concrete material are optimized, the sodium citrate, the sodium gluconate and the sodium tripolyphosphate are added into the anti-slip modifying liquid, and molecules of the materials contain hydroxyl groups (-OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH), so that the materials have polarity, can be adsorbed on a solid-liquid interface, change the surface characteristics of solid particles, interrupt the contact of water and cement on the surfaces of the cement particles through adsorption, block the hydration process of the cement, and play a good role in retarding coagulation.

Thirdly, calcium carbonate particles are added into the mixed sol solution, and the addition amount of the calcium carbonate particles is optimized, so that the prepared mixed sol solution is filled into a pore structure inside concrete through calcium carbonate, the structural strength of the pervious concrete material is improved, and the mechanical property of the pervious concrete material is further improved.

Fourthly, in the preparation process, the time of throwing the coarse aggregate to the concrete material and the time of spraying the anti-slip modifying liquid are optimized, so that the setting time of the concrete surface is adjusted, the setting of cement mortar with the thickness of 2-3 mm on the surface is delayed, meanwhile, the normal setting and hardening of the main concrete are not influenced, the surface is scrubbed by water after the main concrete reaches a certain strength, the slurry is removed, the uniformly distributed coarse aggregate is exposed, and the cement concrete pavement formed in the way has good anti-slip property and noise reduction effect, so that the mechanical property and anti-slip property of the exposed-bone permeable concrete material are effectively improved.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the examples of the present application, the raw materials and the equipment used are as follows, but not limited thereto:

raw materials: calcium carbonate particles: 800 build type calcium carbonate particles produced by the city of build and harmony of the heavy calcium plant.

A machine: pendulum-type appearance, rubber piece, slip length measuring tape, watering can and broom.

Examples

Preparation example 1

Mixing 450mL of 75% ethanol solution with 10mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 2h to obtain a sol solution A; then putting 450mL of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% and 20g of aluminum chloride into a triangular flask, stirring, mixing, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 2h to obtain sol solution B; putting 20g of propylene oxide, 150mL of sol solution A and 250mL of sol solution B into a stirring device, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed sol solution 1;

20g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 6 mu m, 1mL of silane coupling agent and 200mL of mixed sol solution 1 are placed in a mortar, ground and dispersed, and sieved by a 200-mesh screen, and screened solution is collected; respectively weighing 45mL of the sieved solution, 55mL of deionized water, 3g of sodium citrate, 6g of sodium gluconate and 1g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials in a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at 55 ℃ until the viscosity is 25 pas, and collecting the antiskid modified solution 1.

Preparation example 2

Mixing 475mL of 75% ethanol solution with mass fraction and 11mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 2h to obtain sol solution A; placing 475mL of 75% ethanol solution with mass fraction and 22g of aluminum chloride in a triangular flask, stirring, mixing, and performing hydrolysis treatment at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a sol solution B; putting 20g of propylene oxide, 175mL of sol solution A and 275mL of sol solution B into a stirring device, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed sol solution 1;

22g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 7 mu m, 1mL of silane coupling agent and 250mL of mixed sol solution 1 are placed in a mortar, ground and dispersed, and sieved by a 200-mesh screen, and screened solution is collected; respectively weighing 47mL of the sieved solution, 57mL of deionized water, 4g of sodium citrate, 7g of sodium gluconate and 1g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials in a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at 57 ℃ until the viscosity is 27 pas, and collecting the antiskid modified liquid 2.

Preparation example 3

Mixing 500mL of 75% ethanol solution with 12mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 3h to obtain a sol solution A; then 500mL of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% and 25g of aluminum chloride are placed in a triangular flask, stirred, mixed and placed at room temperature for hydrolysis treatment for 3 hours to obtain sol solution B; putting 20g of propylene oxide, 200mL of sol solution A and 300mL of sol solution B into a stirring device, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed sol solution 1;

placing 25g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 8 mu m, 2mL of silane coupling agent and 300mL of mixed sol solution 1 into a mortar, grinding and dispersing, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting a sieved solution; respectively weighing 50mL of the sieved solution, 60mL of deionized water, 5g of sodium citrate, 8g of sodium gluconate and 2g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials in a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at the temperature of 60 ℃ until the viscosity is 28 pas, and collecting the antiskid modified liquid 3.

Example 1

Preparing concrete slurry: respectively weighing 20L of water, 35kg of cement, 100kg of coarse aggregate, 100kg of fine aggregate and 0.5kg of additive, placing the materials in a stirrer, and stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;

and (3) conventional maintenance treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

and (3) anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid 1 to the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 450g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 55 ℃ to form the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete with the structural depth of 2 mm.

Example 2

Preparing concrete slurry: respectively weighing 17L of water, 32kg of cement, 95kg of coarse aggregate, 95kg of fine aggregate and 0.3kg of additive, placing the materials in a stirrer, and stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;

and (3) conventional maintenance treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

and (3) anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid 2 to the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 525g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 60 ℃ to form the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete with the structural depth of 2.5 mm.

Example 3

and (3) conventional maintenance treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

and (3) anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid 3 to the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 600g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 65 ℃ to form the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete with the structural depth of 3 mm.

Example 4

In example 4, the spray modification treatment was performed without using the anti-skid modification solution, and the other conditions and components were the same as those in example 1.

Example 5

The anti-slip modified fluid prepared in example 5 was not added with the mixed sol solution, and the other conditions and components were the same as those of example 1.

Example 6

The slip-resistant modified fluid prepared in example 6 was prepared without adding calcium carbonate particles, and the other conditions and components were the same as those of example 1.

Examples 7 to 9

3-5 μm calcium carbonate particles were added to the anti-skid modified solutions prepared in examples 7-9, and the remaining conditions and components were the same as those in example 1.

Examples 10 to 12

Calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 9-11 μm are added into the anti-skid modified liquid prepared in the examples 10-12, and the other conditions and the components are the same as the components in the example 1.

Performance test

The mechanical properties and the anti-slip properties of the anti-slip high-strength exposed concrete prepared in examples 1 to 12 were respectively detected.

Detection method/test method

The test steps are as follows:

(1) and cleaning the concrete surface at the measuring point by using a broom, placing the instrument on the measuring point on the concrete surface, enabling the swinging direction to be consistent with the driving direction, and leveling the instrument.

(2) And checking the sliding length to ensure that the contact distance between two ends of the rubber sheet meets the requirement, wherein the sliding length is checked on the basis that the long edge of the rubber sheet just contacts the concrete surface, and the rubber sheet cannot slide forwards by means of force so as to prevent the calibrated sliding length from being inconsistent with the actual sliding length.

(3) The pendulum is fixed on the right cantilever to be in a horizontal release position, the pointer is shifted to the position where the right end is parallel to the swing rod, and the measuring points are sprinkled by a sprinkling can to keep the concrete surface in a wet state.

(4) And pressing a release switch on the right cantilever to enable the pendulum to pass through the surface of the concrete, reading the measured pendulum value, repeating the measurement for times, and taking the average value as the pendulum friction coefficient value of the concrete.

Mechanical properties: the test is carried out according to the national standard GB/T17671-1999, the standard test pieces 10 with the size of 40 multiplied by 160mm are prepared by adopting the standard mixing proportion, and the mechanical property is measured after 56 days.

The specific detection results are shown in the following table 1:

table 1 examples 1 to 12 test tables for mechanical properties and sliding resistance

Referring to the comparison of the performance tests of table 1, it can be found that:

carry out the performance contrast with embodiment 1 ~3, anti-skidding performance and mechanical strength rise along with the addition volume of anti-skidding modified liquid gradually in embodiment 1 ~3, this demonstrates that the anti-skidding modified liquid that this application adopted can not only pass through thereby play good retardation, optimize the distribution structure of coarse aggregate, improve the anti-skidding performance of exposed bone concrete material, can also effectively permeate in the inside in pervious concrete hole, through the aerogel system of dry formation, form good supporting role to inner structure and hole, thereby the mechanical properties of exposed bone pervious concrete material has further been improved.

Comparing the performances of example 1 and example 4, in the preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete in example 4, the mechanical properties and the anti-skid properties are significantly reduced as shown in table 1 because the anti-skid modifying solution is not used for spraying modification treatment, which indicates that the anti-skid properties of the exposed concrete material are effectively improved by adding the anti-skid modifying solution and optimizing the composition formula and raw materials when preparing the exposed concrete material.

Comparing the performances of the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 5 to 6, in the embodiments 5 to 6, the mechanical property and the slip resistance of the anti-slip high-strength exposed concrete are remarkably reduced because the mixed sol solution and the calcium carbonate particles are not added in the preparation process of the anti-slip high-strength exposed concrete, which shows that the composite silica-alumina sol prepared by using tetraethoxysilane and aluminum chloride as raw materials is used as the anti-slip modified material, so that the mechanical strength of the pervious concrete as a matrix is improved, and the mechanical property of the pervious concrete material can be further improved by filling the calcium carbonate into the pore structure in the concrete.

Comparing the embodiment 1 with the embodiments 7 to 12, as the particle size of calcium carbonate is adjusted in the preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete in the embodiments 6 to 7, the anti-skid performance and the mechanical property of the calcium carbonate are obviously reduced, which shows that the particle size of calcium carbonate is optimized, the uniformity of slurry for wrapping aggregate is favorably improved, the construction performance is improved, the development of the later strength of concrete is ensured, the negative influence on the performance of pervious concrete after the fine aggregate is filled is effectively avoided, and the mechanical property and the anti-skid performance of the exposed-bone pervious concrete material are further improved.

Comparative example

Comparative examples 1 to 3

In comparative examples 1 to 3, the structural depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete was adjusted to 1mm, and the conditions and the component ratios were the same as in comparative examples 1 to 3 corresponding to example 1, respectively.

Comparative examples 4 to 6

The depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete in the comparative examples 4-6 is 4mm, and the rest conditions and component proportions are the same as those of the comparative examples 4-6 corresponding to the examples 1-3 respectively.

Comparative examples 7 to 9

In comparative examples 7 to 9, only the mixed sol solution and the calcium carbonate particles are mixed to replace the anti-skid modified solution adopted in the application, and the conditions and the component ratio are the same as in comparative examples 7 to 9 corresponding to examples 1 to 3 respectively.

Comparative examples 10 to 12

In the comparative examples 10 to 12, calcium sulfate whiskers are used to replace calcium carbonate particles used in the present application when preparing the anti-skid modified liquid, and the conditions and component ratios are the same as in the comparative examples 10 to 12 corresponding to the examples 1 to 3, respectively.

Performance test

Detection method/test method

The test steps are as follows:

The specific detection results are shown in the following table 2:

TABLE 2 comparative examples 1-12 detection table for mechanical properties and skid resistance

Referring to the comparison of the performance tests of table 2, it can be found that:

comparing the comparative examples 1-6 with the examples 1-3, it can be found from table 2 that the anti-skid performance and the mechanical strength of the comparative examples 1-6 are both significantly reduced, and because the structural depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is adjusted in the comparative examples 1-6, it can be shown that the application optimizes the structural depth of the exposed concrete material to ensure that the exposed concrete material has good roughness and specific surface area, so that the concrete structure can improve the anti-skid performance of the exposed concrete material through increased roughness in the actual use process, and meanwhile, no obvious slurry residue exists between coarse aggregates on the surface of the concrete material under the structure, the bonding between coarse aggregate particles and the exposed concrete is firm, the problem of poor strength of the traditional exposed concrete material is improved, and thus, the anti-skid performance and the mechanical strength of the exposed concrete are effectively improved.

Comparing the performances of comparative examples 7-9 with those of examples 11-3, it can be found that, since comparative examples 7-9 only adopt a mixed sol solution and calcium carbonate particles to mix and replace the anti-slip modified solution adopted in the present application, and table 2 can find that the mechanical strength and anti-slip performance are significantly reduced, it indicates that sodium citrate, sodium gluconate and sodium tripolyphosphate are added as the anti-slip modified solution in the present application, and can generate adsorption on a solid-liquid interface, so as to change the surface characteristics of solid particles, and through the adsorption effect, the contact between water and cement is interrupted on the surfaces of cement particles, so that the hydration process of cement is hindered, so that a good retardation effect is achieved, and the anti-slip performance of the exposed concrete material is further improved.

Comparing comparative examples 10-12 with examples 1-3 of the application, because the calcium sulfate whiskers are adopted to replace the calcium carbonate particles adopted in the application when the anti-skid modified liquid is prepared in the comparative examples 10-12, and the anti-skid property and the mechanical strength of the anti-skid modified liquid are obviously reduced as can be found in table 2, the calcium carbonate particle structure adopted in the application is proved to effectively form effective permeable load on the surface of a concrete material, ensure the development of the later strength of the concrete, and effectively avoid the negative influence on the performance of the pervious concrete after the fine aggregate is filled, thereby further improving the mechanical property and the anti-skid property of the exposed-bone pervious concrete material.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is characterized by comprising the following substances: 20L of water, 35kg of cement, 100kg of coarse aggregate, 100kg of fine aggregate and 0.5kg of admixture;

the structural depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is 2 mm;

the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete further comprises an anti-skid modified liquid, and the preparation method of the anti-skid modified liquid comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 45mL of sieved solution, 55mL of deionized water, 3g of sodium citrate, 6g of sodium gluconate and 1g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials in a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at 55 ℃ until the viscosity is 25 pas, and collecting the anti-skid modified solution;

the preparation method of the sieving solution comprises the following steps: placing 20g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 6 mu m, 1mL of silane coupling agent and 200mL of mixed sol solution into a mortar, grinding and dispersing the calcium carbonate particles, sieving the calcium carbonate particles with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting a sieved solution;

the preparation method of the mixed sol solution comprises the following steps: mixing 450mL of 75% ethanol solution with 10mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 2h to obtain a sol solution A; then putting 450mL of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% and 20g of aluminum chloride into a triangular flask, stirring, mixing, and hydrolyzing at room temperature for 2h to obtain sol solution B; 20g of propylene oxide, 150mL of sol solution A and 250mL of sol solution B are placed in a stirring device and stirred and mixed to obtain mixed sol solution.

2. The anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is characterized by comprising the following substances: 17L of water, 32kg of cement, 95kg of coarse aggregate, 95kg of fine aggregate and 0.3kg of additive;

the structural depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is 2.5 mm;

the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete further comprises an anti-skid modified liquid, and the preparation method of the anti-skid modified liquid comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 47mL of sieved liquid, 57mL of deionized water, 4g of sodium citrate, 7g of sodium gluconate and 1g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at 57 ℃ until the viscosity is 27 pas, and collecting the antiskid modified liquid;

the preparation method of the sieving solution comprises the following steps: placing 22g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 7 mu m, 1mL of silane coupling agent and 250mL of mixed sol solution in a mortar, grinding and dispersing, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting a sieved solution;

the preparation method of the mixed sol solution comprises the following steps: mixing 475mL of 75% ethanol solution with mass fraction and 11mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 2h to obtain sol solution A; placing 475mL of 75% ethanol solution with mass fraction and 22g of aluminum chloride in a triangular flask, stirring, mixing, and performing hydrolysis treatment at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a sol solution B; 20g of propylene oxide, 175mL of sol solution A and 275mL of sol solution B are placed in a stirring device and stirred and mixed to obtain mixed sol solution.

3. The anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is characterized by comprising the following substances: 20L of water, 35kg of cement, 100kg of coarse aggregate, 100kg of fine aggregate and 0.5kg of admixture;

the structural depth of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete is 3 mm;

the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete further comprises an anti-skid modified liquid, and the preparation method of the anti-skid modified liquid comprises the following steps: respectively weighing 50mL of sieved solution, 60mL of deionized water, 5g of sodium citrate, 8g of sodium gluconate and 2g of sodium tripolyphosphate, placing the weighed materials into a stirring kettle, stirring and mixing the materials at the temperature of 60 ℃ until the viscosity is 28 pas, and collecting the antiskid modified solution;

the preparation method of the sieving solution comprises the following steps: placing 25g of calcium carbonate particles with the particle size of 8 mu m, 2mL of silane coupling agent and 300mL of mixed sol solution into a mortar, grinding and dispersing the calcium carbonate particles, sieving the calcium carbonate particles with a 200-mesh sieve, and collecting a sieved solution;

the preparation method of the mixed sol solution comprises the following steps: mixing 500mL of 75% ethanol solution with 12mL of ethyl orthosilicate, adjusting the pH to 3.0 by using 0.1mol/L nitric acid, and stirring for 3h to obtain a sol solution A; then 500mL of ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% and 25g of aluminum chloride are placed in a triangular flask, stirred, mixed and placed at room temperature for hydrolysis treatment for 3 hours to obtain sol solution B; 20g of propylene oxide, 200mL of sol solution A and 300mL of sol solution B are placed in a stirring device and stirred and mixed to obtain mixed sol solution.

4. The preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete according to claim 1, wherein the preparation step comprises the following steps:

s1, concrete slurry preparation: weighing water, cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and an additive according to a formula, respectively, placing the weighed materials in a stirrer, and stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;

s2, conventional curing treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

s3, anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid on the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 450g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

s4, preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing the concrete at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 55 ℃ to prepare the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete.

5. The preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete according to claim 2, wherein the preparation step comprises the following steps:

s2, conventional curing treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

s3, anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid on the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 525g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

s4, preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete.

6. The preparation process of the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete according to claim 3, wherein the preparation step comprises the following steps:

s2, conventional curing treatment: pouring the concrete slurry into a mold, standing and maintaining in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90%;

s3, anti-skid modification treatment: when the concrete is cured to 1/2 of the initial setting time, spraying the anti-skid modified liquid on the surface of the concrete, and controlling the spraying amount to be 600g/m²After spraying is finished, continuing to coat the film and maintaining;

s4, preparing exposed concrete: curing the concrete until the concrete is finally set, uniformly throwing coarse aggregate with the same mass as the fine aggregate onto the surface of the concrete, curing at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of 90% until the final set is completed, and washing the concrete with water at the temperature of 65 ℃ to prepare the anti-skid high-strength exposed concrete.