CN112499579A - Gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112499579A CN112499579A CN202011388002.4A CN202011388002A CN112499579A CN 112499579 A CN112499579 A CN 112499579A CN 202011388002 A CN202011388002 A CN 202011388002A CN 112499579 A CN112499579 A CN 112499579A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
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- B81B7/00—Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
- B81B7/04—Networks or arrays of similar microstructural devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00023—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00436—Shaping materials, i.e. techniques for structuring the substrate or the layers on the substrate
- B81C1/00444—Surface micromachining, i.e. structuring layers on the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a gold nano cactus SERS substrate, and particularly relates to a nano material with a surface Raman enhancement effect, namely gold nano cactus, synthesized by a seed growth method. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (a) preparing gold seeds, (b) growing the gold seeds, (c) repeatedly washing and centrifuging the gold nanoparticles for five times by using deionized water at a preset centrifugal rotating speed, and drying in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a dried substrate; (d) and titrating the molecules of the probe to be detected onto the substrate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven, so that the substrate can be subjected to Raman detection. The gold nanoparticles with compact agglomeration, large particle size, uniform appearance, good monodispersity, high surface roughness, multiple protrusions or coupling hot points and strong SERS effect are preferably selected, and the gold nanoparticles have good application potential.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano material preparation and the technical field of Raman scattering detection, in particular to a preparation method of a gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate.
Background
Raman spectroscopy, as a fast and sensitive optical detection technique, is used to obtain information of scattered light by interaction between light and chemical bonds of molecules in a material to reverse the molecular information of the material. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), as a unique spectroscopic detection technique, has been widely used in many fields due to its outstanding advantages of high sensitivity, fast detection speed, no damage, low sample requirement, low aqueous solvent interference, etc. At present, the generally accepted SERS enhancement theory mainly includes electromagnetic field enhancement mechanism and charge transfer enhancement mechanism.
The free electrons of the noble metal nano material generate Local Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) under the irradiation of light, and especially an obvious enhanced electromagnetic field can be formed on the surface of anisotropic nanoparticles, so that the nano material has various optical and surface chemical properties and higher SERS detection sensitivity. And because the gold nanoparticles have good biocompatibility in SERS detection and have good application prospects in the fields of biology, medicine and the like, the gold nanoparticles are concerned by a plurality of researchers.
In the prior art, the preparation of gold nanoparticles mainly comprises a seed-mediated growth method and a one-step synthesis method, structures such as gold nanorods, gold nanostars, gold triangular plates and the like are researched, and substrates with different shapes have different SERS effects. The SERS effect of nanoparticles mainly depends on the substrate morphology, particle size, composition, hot spot distribution, aggregation structure and the like. The Local Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) under the illumination of the substrate surface is extremely sensitive due to the bulge or the coupling hot spot on the substrate surface, and the method has extremely strong electromagnetic field enhancement effect, thereby showing obvious SERS effect.
At present, the gold nanoparticle substrate mainly has the following problems: complex and time-consuming formation mechanism and preparation process, low surface roughness, single zero-dimensional structure, non-uniform substrate, poor repeatability and the like.
Therefore, the development of the gold nano cactus SERS substrate which has uniform appearance, good monodispersity, high surface roughness, multiple protrusions or coupling hot points and strong SERS effect is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate, which comprises the following steps: (a) and preparing gold seeds: adding a first soluble gold source into 30ml of boiling and stirring deionized water, adding a first reducing agent after 2 minutes, and carrying out boiling and stirring to make the solution turn wine red to obtain gold seeds; (b) and growing the gold seeds: adding a second soluble gold source with a first preset volume into 10ml of stirred deionized water, sequentially adding the gold seeds prepared in the step (a), a first reducing agent with a second preset volume and a second reducing agent, and fully stirring at a preset temperature for a preset time to form gold nanoparticles, wherein the first reducing agent has weaker reducibility than the second reducing agent; (c) repeatedly washing and centrifuging the gold nanoparticles for five times by using deionized water at a preset centrifugal rotating speed, and drying in a vacuum drying box to obtain a dried substrate; (d) and titrating the probe molecules to be detected onto the substrate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven, so that the substrate can be subjected to Raman detection.
In one embodiment, the first soluble gold source and the second soluble gold source are chloroauric acids with different concentrations and different preset volumes; the first reducing agent is sodium citrate; the second reducing agent is m-diphenol/p-diphenol.
In one embodiment, in the step (a), the concentration of the first soluble gold source is 0.024mol/L, and the volume is 300 uL; the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1 percent, and the volume is 900 uL.
In one embodiment, in the step (b), the concentration of the second soluble gold source is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1%;
in one embodiment, preferably, in the step (b), the first preset volume of the second soluble gold source is 400 uL; the second predetermined volume of the first reducing agent is 200 uL.
In one embodiment, in step (b), the gold seed volume is 50 uL.
In one embodiment, in step (b), the predetermined second reducing agent is resorcinol, and the concentration is 0.05mol/L and the volume is 1000 uL.
In one embodiment, preferably, in the step (b), the reaction is performed at a preset temperature of 50 ℃.
In one embodiment, preferably, in the step (b), the reaction is performed for a preset time of 30 min.
In one embodiment, in step (c), the preset centrifugation speed is 6000r/min, the centrifugation times are 5 times, and each centrifugation time is 10 min.
In an embodiment, in the step (d), the probe molecule to be detected is a crystal violet solution; the concentration order of the probe molecules to be detected comprises 10-4mol/L、10-5mol/L、10-6mol/L、10-7mol/L、10-8mol/L、10-9mol/L、10-10mol/L。
The invention also provides a gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate prepared by the preparation method, which is characterized in that the substrate is a gold nano particle aggregate with a rough surface, and the substrate enriches the molecules to be detected to the vicinity of the nano particles so as to enhance the Raman effect.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the gold nano cactus is prepared by adopting a seed-mediated growth method, the shape and size of the gold nano particles are regulated and controlled by regulating the volume of different reducing agents and chloroauric acid, the stirring growth temperature, the stirring growth time and the centrifugal rotating speed in a reaction system, and the nano particles with the particle size ranging from 150nm to 350nm, controllable agglomeration compactness and controllable surface protrusion roughness are prepared. The morphology and SERS effect of the gold nanoparticles are characterized by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a confocal Raman spectrometer, and reaction conditions are optimized, so that the gold nanoparticles which are compact in aggregation, large in particle size, uniform in morphology, good in monodispersity and high in surface roughness and have multiple 'bulges' or 'coupling hot points' and strong SERS effect are prepared, and the Raman enhancement effect and the detection sensitivity can be effectively improved.
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The above features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood upon reading the detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components having similar relative characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is SEM images of gold nano cactus with different shapes under different growth conditions.
FIG. 3 is a TEM image of preparing gold nano-cactus under the preferred growth conditions.
Fig. 4 is a SERS graph detected by the gold nano cactus substrate corresponding to crystal violet under the preferred growth condition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by those skilled in the art according to the specific embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate of the invention. The preparation method S10 firstly carries out step S100, a first soluble gold source is added into 30ml of boiling and stirring deionized water, a first reducing agent is added after 2 minutes, boiling and stirring are carried out, and the solution is made to be wine red, so that gold seeds are obtained. The first soluble gold source is chloroauric acid; the first reducing agent is sodium citrate; the concentration of the first soluble gold source is 0.024mol/L, and the volume is 300 uL; the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1 percent, and the volume is 900 uL.
In one example, step S100 may perform heating sufficient stirring by heating a magnetic stirrer.
The preparation method S10 then proceeds to step S200, where a first predetermined volume of a second soluble gold source is added to 10ml of stirred deionized water, the gold seed prepared in step S100, a second predetermined volume of the first reducing agent, and a second reducing agent are sequentially added, and fully stirred at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time to form gold nanoparticles, where the first reducing agent has weaker reducibility than the second reducing agent.
In one embodiment, the concentration of the second soluble gold source in step S200 is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1%;
in one embodiment, a ratio of a first predetermined volume of the second soluble gold source to a second predetermined volume of the first reducing agent is 2:1, wherein the first predetermined volume is 200-. In a more specific embodiment, the first predetermined volume is 200uL, the second predetermined volume is 100uL, and the tem image thereof is shown in fig. 2Ba, which shows that the particles are dispersed, the particle size is smaller, and the surface is less rough; the first preset volume is 400uL, the second preset volume is 200uL, and a transmission electron microscope photo is shown in figure 2Bb, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, the particle size is large, and the surface is rough; the first preset volume is 600uL, the second preset volume is 300uL, and a transmission electron micrograph of the particles is shown in figure 2Bc, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, the particle size is large, and the surface is rough.
In an embodiment, the predetermined second reducing agent in step S200 may be resorcinol/p-diphenol. In a more specific embodiment, the predetermined second reducing agent is resorcinol, and the transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in fig. 2Aa, and the particles are tightly agglomerated, have large particle size and rough surface; the preset second reducing agent is p-diphenol, and a transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in fig. 2Ab, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, small in particle size and smooth in surface.
In one embodiment, the preset temperature in step S200 may be 25-75 ℃. In a more specific embodiment, the preset temperature is 25 ℃, and the transmission electron micrograph thereof is as shown in fig. 2Ca, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, have small particle size and have less rough surface; the preset temperature is 50 ℃, the transmission electron microscope photograph is shown as figure 2Cb, the particles are tightly agglomerated, the particle size is large, and the surface is rough; the preset temperature is 75 ℃, and a transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in fig. 2Cc, and the particles are dispersed, the particle size is small, and the surface is not rough.
In one embodiment, the predetermined time in step S200 may be 15-45 min. In a more specific embodiment, the preset time is 15min, and a transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in fig. 2Da, so that the particles are dispersed, the particle size is small, and the surface is not rough; the preset time is 30min, and a transmission electron microscope photograph of the sample is shown in figure 2Db, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, large in particle size and rough in surface; the preset time is 45min, and the transmission electron microscope photograph is shown in figure 2Dc, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, have larger particle size and have rough surfaces.
The preparation method S10 then proceeds to step S300, and the gold nanoparticles are repeatedly washed and centrifuged with deionized water five times at a preset centrifugation rotation speed, and dried in a vacuum drying oven, so as to obtain a dried substrate.
In one embodiment, the centrifugal rotation speed in step S300 may be 6000-10000 r/min. In a more specific example, the centrifugation speed is 6000r/min, and the transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in FIG. 2Ea, the particles are more compact in agglomeration, large in particle size and rough in surface; the centrifugal speed is 8000r/min, and the transmission electron microscope photograph is shown as figure 2Eb, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, the particle size is large, and the surface is rough; the centrifugal speed is 10000r/min, and the transmission electron micrograph thereof is shown in figure 2Eb, so that the particles are tightly agglomerated, the particle size is large, and the surface is rough.
The preparation method S10 then proceeds to step S400, and titrates the probe molecules to be detected onto the substrate, and dries the probe molecules in a vacuum drying oven, so that the substrate can be subjected to raman detection.
In one embodiment, the crystal violet solution is titrated to a predetermined area on the substrate in step S400, wherein the concentration of the crystal violet solution is on the order of 10-4mol/L、10-5mol/L、10-6mol/L、10-7mol/L、10-8mol/L、10-9mol/L、10-10mol/L。。
In a specific embodiment, the first predetermined volume is preferably 400uL, the second predetermined volume is preferably 200uL, the second reducing agent is preferably resorcinol, the predetermined temperature is 50 ℃, the predetermined time is preferably 30min, and the predetermined centrifugation speed is preferably 6000 r/min. Fig. 2Ac shows SEM image and particle size distribution diagram of gold nano cactus prepared under preferred growth conditions. Fig. 3 shows TEM images of gold nano cactus prepared under preferred growth conditions, where fig. 3A is the nanoparticles at 0.1 μm scale, fig. 3B is the nanoparticles at 20nm scale, fig. 3C is the edge image of gold nano cactus at 10nm scale, and fig. 3D is the SEAD diffraction spot image of TEM characterization of the nanoparticles. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the prepared gold nanoparticle cactus beads are of a polycrystalline structure and are uniform in size distribution, and the dendritic structures of the particles are about 10-50nm, so that Raman enhanced hot spots can be better generated. A large amount of dendritic structures can increase the specific surface area of particles, help adsorbing more molecules to be detected, and improve SERS effect and detection sensitivity. Fig. 4 shows a SERS pattern detected by the gold nano cactus substrate corresponding to crystal violet under the preferred growth conditions. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the lowest detectable concentration of the crystal violet molecules can reach 10-9mol/L, and the higher enhancement capability and detection application potential of the gold nano cactus are shown.
The invention can effectively improve the enrichment degree of molecules to be detected, and form gold nanoparticles which are compact in aggregation, large in particle size, uniform in appearance, good in monodispersity, high in surface roughness, and strong in multiple 'bulges' or 'coupling hot points' and SERS effect, thereby effectively improving the Raman enhancement effect and the detection sensitivity.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a gold nano ball cactus SERS substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) and preparing gold seeds: adding a first soluble gold source into 30ml of boiling and stirring deionized water, adding a first reducing agent after 2 minutes, and carrying out boiling and stirring to make the solution turn wine red to obtain gold seeds;
(b) and growing the gold seeds: adding a second soluble gold source with a first preset volume into 10ml of stirred deionized water, sequentially adding the gold seeds prepared in the step (a), a first reducing agent with a second preset volume and a second reducing agent, and fully stirring at a preset temperature for a preset time to form gold nanoparticles, wherein the first reducing agent has weaker reducibility than the second reducing agent;
(c) repeatedly washing and centrifuging the gold nanoparticles for five times by using deionized water at a preset centrifugal rotating speed, and drying in a vacuum drying box to obtain a dried substrate;
(d) and titrating the probe molecules to be detected onto the substrate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven, so that the substrate can be subjected to Raman detection.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second soluble gold sources are chloroauric acids at different concentrations and different predetermined volumes; the first reducing agent is sodium citrate; the second reducing agent is m-diphenol/p-diphenol.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (a), the first soluble gold source has a concentration of 0.024mol/L and a volume of 300 uL; the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1 percent, and the volume is 900 uL.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (b), the concentration of the second soluble gold source is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of the first reducing agent is 1%.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (b), a ratio of a first predetermined volume of the second soluble gold source to a second predetermined volume of the first reducing agent is 2:1, wherein the first predetermined volume is 200-600uL, and the second predetermined volume is 100-300 uL.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (b), the volume of the gold seed is 50uL, the concentration of the second reducing agent is 0.05mol/L, and the volume is 1000 uL.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined temperature in step (b) is 25 to 75 ℃ and the predetermined time is 15 to 45 min.
8. The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the predetermined centrifugation speed in step (c) is 6000-10000r/min, the number of times of centrifugation is 5, and the time of each centrifugation is 10 min.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (d), the probe molecule to be detected is a crystal violet solution; the concentration order of the probe molecules to be detected comprises 10-4mol/L、10-5mol/L、10-6mol/L、10-7mol/L、10-8mol/L、10-9mol/L、10-10mol/L。
10. The SERS substrate for gold nano-cactus prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the substrate is a gold nanoparticle aggregate with a rough surface, and the gold nanoparticle aggregate enriches the molecules to be detected to the vicinity of nanoparticles to enhance the Raman effect.
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