CN112498394A

CN112498394A - Seat arrangement for a vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN112498394A
Application number: CN202010975660.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 多米尼克·梅尔; 塞巴斯蒂安·韦格曼
Original assignee: Grammer AG
Current assignee: Grammer AG
Priority date: 2019-09-16
Filing date: 2020-09-16
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Also published as: DE102020109182A1; CN112498392A; CN112498391A; US20210078452A1; US11407333B2; US20210078453A1; DE102020109167A1; US11458864B2; US20210078451A1; DE102020109174A1; US11772521B2; CN112498393A; DE102020109160A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a seating arrangement for a vehicle, in particular for a passenger vehicle, wherein the seating arrangement can be arranged on the vehicle by means of a fastening device, wherein the seating arrangement is intended and adapted to provide a sitting position at a standing height, wherein the seating arrangement comprises at least one frame element which is arranged on the fastening device by means of at least one mounting shaft, wherein the at least one frame element is pivotable or rotatable relative to the fastening device about a pivot shaft extending along a width axis (Y).

Description

Seat arrangement for a vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seat arrangement for a vehicle, in particular for a passenger vehicle, wherein the seat arrangement is arranged on the vehicle by means of a fastening device.

Background

Such a vehicle is provided and is adapted to be able to transport a plurality of persons, and is for example a rail vehicle or an airplane. The respective rail vehicle is for example a local and/or long-distance train, a suburban passenger train, a subway or the like. There is a need to optimize the use of the available space in such vehicles as much as possible. A vehicle should be able to receive as many travelers as possible. By providing a conventional seating arrangement in which a user sits in a conventional sitting position with curved legs, the user occupies a relatively large space in the vehicle. By providing a standing position, in contrast, a considerable number of people can be accommodated in the transport. However, a standing position also generally means an unacceptable loss of travel comfort, especially on longer trips. Another disadvantage of previous seating arrangements is that they cannot be adjusted to the needs of the user. For example, the orientation of the seat cannot be changed. It is often not possible to adjust the direction, for example, relative to the direction of travel of the vehicle. As such, it is common to provide a seat that: two pairs of seats face each other or the pairs are arranged in a row one behind the other. Therefore, it is impossible to adapt to the needs of a small travel group or a home using such a seat group.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a seating arrangement which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an interior of a vehicle which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of

claims

1 and 14. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims. One main aspect of the invention is to provide a seating arrangement for a vehicle, in particular for a passenger vehicle, wherein the seating arrangement can be arranged above or in the vehicle by means of a fastening device. A seating arrangement is provided which is adapted to provide a sitting position at standing height, wherein the seating arrangement comprises at least one frame element which is arranged on a fastening arrangement by means of at least one mounting axis, wherein the at least one frame element is pivotable relative to the fastening arrangement about a pivot axis extending along a width axis (Y).

Hereinafter, a coordinate system having a height axis (Z), a width axis (Y), and a depth axis (X) is used for the seat apparatus. A coordinate system having a height axis (Z '), a width axis (Y ') and a depth axis (X ') is used for at least one frame element. Each axis may also have two directions.

The frame element preferably comprises an upper region for supporting the backrest and at least one seat region integrated in at least one frame element. Thus, at least one frame element assumes the function of a backrest and likewise of a seat part. Thus, a very simple and cheap seat arrangement is provided. The first and second seating regions of at least one frame element preferably have an extension along a depth axis (X') of between 10cm and 50cm, more preferably between 15cm and 40 cm. Due to the configuration of the seating region integrated in the at least one frame element, the seat arrangement already has a smaller extent in the depth direction of the seat arrangement or of the vehicle than conventional seat arrangements. Since at least one frame element already comprises an integrated seating area, no additional seating components are required or present. Furthermore, the seating area is arranged at a height allowing sitting or reclining at a standing height. Such a seating arrangement is also referred to as a sitting-standing seat. Due to the advantageous configuration as a sitting-up seat, the occupant of the seat arrangement does not adopt a conventional sitting position. In contrast, the occupant assumes a sitting position in the seat arrangement that substantially corresponds to a standing position. This sitting posture requires less space than a conventional sitting posture in which the legs are inclined at about right angles. The depth of the advantageous seating arrangement is therefore much smaller than that of a conventional seat. Thus, a very simple and comfortable sitting position option is provided for the passengers of the transport means. Leg pressure and blood circulation are reduced when sitting compared to standing. This may promote healthy "dynamic sitting". Thus, as many travelers as possible are provided with seat options, whereby they also provide acceptable travel comfort for the travelers. Furthermore, the space available in the vehicle is optimized as much as possible. The seating area is advantageously arranged at a height of between 40cm and 150cm, more preferably between 40cm and 130 cm. The seat height can advantageously be matched to the intended target person. The seating arrangement for children or elderly people preferably has a seat height in the range between 40cm and 60 cm. For adults the seating arrangement will have a height in the range between 80cm and 150cm, more preferably between 80cm and 130 cm.

According to a preferred embodiment, at least one frame element is formed by a lower part and an upper part. The at least one frame element preferably has a base region which extends along a height axis (Z ') and a width axis (Y'). The base region is preferably designed as a polygon. The base region is preferably designed as a square. The base region is preferably substantially rectangular in design or substantially trapezoidal in design. The use of the term "substantially" should be interpreted to include minor tolerance deviations in shape with respect to length or angle. Thus, the deviation may be an angle of preferably less than 10 °, more preferably less than 7.5 °, even more preferably less than 5 °. This also applies to the term "substantially" as used hereinafter. According to a further preferred embodiment, the lower part and the upper part of the at least one frame element are formed integrally, in one piece or in multiple pieces, in particular in two pieces, as the at least one frame element. In one-piece designs, the frame element, or upper and lower portions, are manufactured as a single unified part or so-called unitary part. Each part is made of the same material. The one-piece design is to be understood here as: although not all parts are made of a single unified part, they are not only firmly connected, but also so tightly connected to each other that they do not appear as a multiple connected assembly and, unless destroyed, they cannot be separated from each other in any way.

Advantageously, the lower portion comprises at least a first transverse portion extending substantially along the width axis (Y ') and a second transverse portion extending substantially along the width axis (Y'). The upper portion preferably includes a third transverse portion extending along a width axis (Y'). The first and second transverse portions preferably have an extension along a depth axis (X'). Such an extension of the first and second transverse portions is advantageously longer than the extension of the third transverse portion along the depth axis. Preferably, the first and/or second lateral portion at least partially forms a seating area. Preferably, the first and second lateral portions extend in opposite directions along the depth axis. The first transverse portion and the second transverse portion are preferably connected to each other. The first and second lateral portions are preferably integrally or monolithically formed. The first and second transverse portions are advantageously spaced apart from the third transverse portion along a height axis (Z') and are connected by two strut elements. The first and second transverse portions preferably have a longer extension along the depth axis (X') than the third transverse portion. The lower and upper portions advantageously surround the inner surface. Likewise, the first and second lateral portions, the two pillar elements and the third lateral portion enclose the inner surface. The at least one frame element is thus substantially plate-shaped, in which case at the lower end along the height axis first and second transverse portions are provided with an extension of enlarged depth, as a result of which the seating region is formed at least in part.

According to the invention, at least one frame element can be pivoted relative to the fastening device about a pivot axis extending along the width axis (Y', Y). Thus, the at least one frame element may be pivotable as a whole with respect to the pivot axis. Thus, both the advantageous upper region for supporting the backrest and the advantageous integrated seating region pivot or rotate simultaneously about the pivot axis. In contrast, in the conventional seat device, only the backrest can pivot about the pivot shaft. According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one frame element can be pivoted into at least two pivoting positions. The at least one frame element is preferably pivotable into three pivot positions. The at least one frame element is preferably pivotable to a first pivot position. In the first pivoted position, the frame element preferably extends substantially perpendicularly to an imaginary plane which extends parallel to the floor of the transport vehicle. Advantageously, the at least one frame element is pivotable into a second pivot position, which is inclined with respect to the first pivot position by an inclination angle (α). The at least one frame element is preferably pivotable into a third pivot position, which is inclined with respect to the first pivot position by an inclination angle (β). Advantageously, a second imaginary plane may be defined, which extends perpendicularly to the first imaginary plane. The at least one frame element in the first pivot position is advantageously arranged substantially in the second imaginary plane. In the second and third pivot positions, the at least one frame element preferably comprises an inclination angle α or β formed with the second imaginary plane. In this case, it is advantageous if, in the second and third pivot positions, the at least one frame element is inclined in opposite directions along the depth axis (X). Advantageously, therefore, the inclination angle (α) and the inclination angle (β) have different signs (±). However, the inclination angle (α) and the inclination angle (β) preferably have the same amount. The inclination angle (α, β) is preferably in the range between 10 ° and 80 °, more preferably in the range between 20 ° and 70 °, wherein the at least one frame element and the second imaginary plane comprise the inclination angle (α, β).

The at least one mounting axle allows the at least one frame member to pivot or rotate about a pivot axis. The pivot shaft preferably extends through or along the mounting shaft. According to another preferred embodiment, only one mounting shaft is provided. The mounting shaft is received in at least one receiving means of the fastening means. The mounting shaft is preferably received in two receiving means of the fastening device, which are spaced apart from each other along the width axis (Y, Y'). Advantageously, at least one frame element is arranged between the two receiving means of the fastening means. According to a further preferred embodiment, a through-passage for mounting the shaft is provided at the lower end of the at least one frame element along the height axis (Z'). A mounting shaft advantageously extends through said through channel of said at least one frame element. The through channel is preferably provided in the lower part of the at least one frame element. The through channel preferably extends along the entire width of the at least one frame element. The through channel preferably extends along a major part of the width direction of the at least one frame element. This "major part" preferably corresponds to at least half, more preferably at least three quarters of the total width of the at least one frame element. However, it is also conceivable that the through-passage is not continuously closed. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the through-channel has at least one, preferably two mounting regions which are formed by or arranged on at least one frame element. In the remaining range, the mounting shaft may preferably be exposed.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the mounting shaft is non-rotatably or mechanically rigidly connected to the fastening device or the at least one receiving device of the fastening device. Advantageously, the at least one frame element is pivotable or rotatable relative to the mounting shaft. It is also conceivable that the mounting shaft is connected to the at least one frame element in a rotationally fixed manner or in a mechanically rigid manner. Advantageously, the mounting shaft is rotatably mounted in at least one receiving means, preferably two receiving means. The at least one frame element and the mounting shaft are pivoted or preferably rotated thereby relative to the at least one, preferably both, receiving means. It is also conceivable to provide two mounting shafts which are arranged along the width axis (Y, Y ') on respective opposite sides of the lower part of the at least one frame element such that they project along the width axis (Y, Y') on the at least one frame element. The two mounting shafts are then rotatably mounted in respective receiving means of the fastening element.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one mounting shaft has at least one stop element. Preferably, at least one further stop element is arranged in the through channel. For this reason, it is advantageous if, during the pivoting movement of the at least one frame element, the at least one further stop element of the through-channel is displaced in the circumferential direction of the mounting shaft relative to the mounting shaft. In the second pivot position, the at least one further stop element of the through-channel preferably rests on the first stop surface of the at least one stop element of the mounting shaft. In a third pivot position, the at least one further stop element of the through-channel preferably rests on a second stop surface of the at least one stop element of the mounting shaft. Due to the contact of the stop element, the force applied by the user into the at least one frame element is applied through the stop element into the fastening device and finally into the fastening on the vehicle. It is also advantageous if the mounting shaft and the through-channel each have two stop elements arranged opposite one another. Preferably, the at least one mounting shaft is configured substantially as a hollow cylinder having a substantially circular cross section, for example as a profile tube. The at least one stop element of the mounting shaft can preferably be designed as a recess, which is on the side of the mounting shaft. The at least one further stop element of the through-channel is advantageously configured as a projection which is arranged on the inner surface of the through-channel and projects into a recess of the mounting shaft. However, it is also conceivable for at least one stop element of the mounting shaft to be designed as a projection which projects into a further stop element designed as a recess of the through-passage. The recess may advantageously be arranged on an inner surface of the through channel.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a latching device is provided, by means of which the at least one frame element can be locked in at least one pivot position. The at least one frame element may preferably be locked in at least two or at least three pivot positions by the latching means. Advantageously, the at least one frame element can be locked in all desired pivoting positions by means of a latching device. If the at least one frame element is pivoted into the first pivoted position and locked in this pivoted position, it is vertically aligned and arranged substantially in a second imaginary plane perpendicular to the first imaginary plane. In this position, the seating unit is not occupied by the user. The effective depth of the seat arrangement in this position corresponds substantially to the sum of the depth extensions of the first and second transverse portions of the at least one frame element. Thus, the seating arrangement occupies minimal space along the depth axis in the first pivot position. The fact that the at least one frame element takes up little space when the upright extension extends makes it possible, for example, to mount the seat arrangement efficiently. Furthermore, in the case of a plurality of seating arrangements arranged in a row, the intermediate space can be enlarged by pivoting into the first pivot position. According to a further advantageous embodiment, in the second pivot position of the at least one frame element, the first seating area is formed at least by the first transverse portion. In the third pivot position of the at least one frame element, the second seating area is preferably formed at least by the second transverse portion. The at least one frame element may advantageously be pivoted into a first, a second and a third pivot position and may advantageously be latched in these pivot positions. Due to the preferred extension of the first and second lateral portions in opposite directions along the depth axis (X) and due to the opposite inclination angles (α, β) of the at least one frame element in the second and third pivot positions, the first and second seating areas are facilitated in opposite directions along the depth axis (X). Such a configuration allows the seat arrangement to be very easily adapted to the direction of travel. For some vehicles, such as railway cars, a change in direction may occur during travel. This may be done, for example, upon entering or leaving the terminal. However, some users are uncomfortable to drive in a direction away from the driving direction. The seat arrangement can be adapted to the travel direction orientation in a simple manner by simply pivoting, for example, from the second pivot position to the third pivot position.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one frame element can advantageously be pivoted into a first pivot position and into a second pivot position and can advantageously be locked in these pivot positions. An embodiment is also conceivable in which the at least one frame element can be pivoted into the first and third pivoting positions and can advantageously be locked in these pivoting positions. Thus, according to these embodiments, the seating arrangement will continue to be configured in the upright pivot position in only one seating direction. According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one frame element can advantageously be pivoted into the second and third pivot positions and can advantageously be locked in these pivot positions. According to this embodiment, the seating arrangement will be designed for two opposite seating directions. However, no vertical pivot location for mounting will be provided. Finally, it is conceivable that the at least one frame element can be in the second pivot position or the third pivot position only and be locked or fixed in this pivot position. Of course, it is also conceivable that the at least one frame element can be pivoted into further pivot positions and can be locked in these pivot positions. Such additional pivot positions may be located between the first pivot position and the second pivot position, or may be located between the first pivot position and the third pivot position. The corresponding tilt angle will be smaller than the tilt angle (α, β). This allows the occupant to adjust the inclination of the upper portion to support the back as they need. According to a further advantageous embodiment, in the second pivot position of the at least one frame element, the first seating area extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane or horizontally. In the third pivoted position of the at least one frame element, the second seat region preferably extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane or horizontally. The first transverse portion preferably comprises an upper surface which extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane in the second pivoted position. The second transverse portion advantageously comprises an upper surface which extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane in the third pivoted position.

According to a further embodiment, a latching device is arranged on the at least one frame element. The latching device preferably comprises a first locking element which can be engaged with at least one further locking element of the mounting shaft. For this reason, it is advantageous if each pivot position of the at least one frame element is associated with a further locking element of the mounting shaft. According to another embodiment, the latching device comprises an operating element, by means of which the first locking element can be displaced. Advantageously, by displacing the first locking element, the engagement with the at least one further locking element of the mounting shaft can be released. Preferably, the resetting means are actuated during the displacement movement in order to release the engagement. In this case, the return means is advantageously a compression spring element or an elastic element. Upon actuation of the operating element, the first locking element is preferably displaceable by a resetting device, thereby enabling engagement with at least one further locking element of the mounting shaft. According to a further preferred embodiment, the operating element is arranged on a lower portion of the at least one frame element by means of a retaining element. Advantageously, the operating element is arranged on the first locking element so as to be pivotable by means of a shaft. In this case, it is advantageous if at least one support section of the operating element bears against a flange of the holding element. When the operating element is actuated, the lever force acts on the shaft preferably in a radially outward direction, since the support portion bears against the flange. The lever force advantageously displaces the first locking element outwards in the radial direction, thereby releasing the engagement with the at least one further locking element. The first locking element is preferably configured as a pin and protrudes at least partially through the through-passage of the at least one frame element. The at least one further locking element is preferably designed as a recess or hole on the side of the mounting shaft. Preferably, three further locking elements in the form of notches or holes are provided on the mounting shaft. Advantageously, the side face has an arcuate shape and three further locking elements in the form of notches or holes are arranged one after the other in the circumferential direction. Preferably, in each latchable pivot position a respective further locking element is arranged so as to be engageable with the first locking element.

According to a further preferred embodiment, at least one gripping element is provided on the at least one frame element. The at least one gripping element is preferably arranged on one of the pillar elements in the upper region along the height axis. Thus, the gripping element is arranged wholly or at least partly on the upper part of the at least one frame element. The seat arrangement in this case advantageously has a first outer side and a second outer side. Advantageously, the gripping element is arranged on the outside, the gripping element being located on the walkway when the gripping element is mounted in the vehicle. The gripping elements thus form a gripping option for standing passengers or for walking passengers. It is conceivable that only the first outer side is located on the walkway of the transport means. In this case, it is advantageous if the gripping element is arranged on a first outer side of the seat arrangement. However, it is also conceivable to arrange the grip elements on the first and second outer sides of the seat arrangement. This is advantageous, for example, if two walkways are provided in the transport means. However, the arrangement of the gripping elements is not limited to an arrangement relative to the walkway. Such gripping elements may also have other functions, such as support when standing, etc.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the seat arrangement comprises only one frame element arranged on the fastening means. The frame element is advantageously arranged between two receiving means of the fastening means. Each receiving means is preferably arranged on a fastening element adapted and provided to attach the receiving means to a vehicle. The fastening element advantageously comprises an arm element which extends along the height axis (Z) and opens into the base element. Preferably, the base element is arranged below and centrally to the frame element along a height axis (Z). The arm elements are designed to converge downwards along a height axis (Z). By this configuration, the seat apparatus can be designed very simply. The fixing element engages directly on the mounting shaft for the frame element. Thus, no further components for mounting the frame element are required. The base element can advantageously be fixed directly on the floor of the vehicle. It is also conceivable that the fastening device or the base element is displaceably arranged on the floor of the vehicle by means of a guide system.

According to another preferred embodiment, the seat arrangement comprises two frame elements arranged on said fastening means. Preferably, the two frame elements are arranged adjacent to each other along the width axis (Y). The two frame elements may have the same or different designs. Each of the two frame elements may have features according to the embodiments described above independently of each other. As already described, a first and a second outer side of the seat arrangement may preferably be defined. If the seat arrangement comprises two frame elements, one outer side of the seat arrangement is represented by one of the two frame elements. The at least one gripping element already described can be arranged on one of the two outer sides. In the mounted state, the outer side with the gripping element is advantageously located on the walkway of the vehicle. It is of course also conceivable to arrange the at least one gripping element on both outer sides and thus on both frame elements. In the mounted state, it is advantageous, for example, if the two outer sides are directed towards the walkway of the transport means. It is of course also conceivable to arrange the at least one gripping element on both inner sides of the frame element. These can preferably be provided in addition to the gripping elements on the outside. Advantageously, the two frame elements are pivotable independently of each other about a common pivot axis extending along the width axis (Y) relative to the fastening means. As already described, the two frame elements are preferably pivotable independently of each other by the inclination angle (α, β) to the first, second and third pivot position. According to another advantageous embodiment, only one mounting shaft is provided. The mounting shaft advantageously extends at least over the entire width of the two frame elements. As already described, the mounting shaft extends through the through-channels of the two frame elements. Preferably, the mounting shaft is received in at least two receiving means, preferably exactly two receiving means, of said fastening means. According to a further preferred embodiment, the first receiving means is arranged between two frame elements. Preferably, the further second receiving means is arranged on a side of one of the two frame elements or on one of the two outer sides of the seat arrangement. According to a further preferred embodiment, the two frame elements are arranged between two laterally arranged receiving means. Each of said receiving means is preferably arranged on a fastening element adapted to provide for attachment of the receiving means to the vehicle. Advantageously, the at least one fastening element preferably comprises an arm element extending along the height axis (Z). According to one embodiment, only one arm element is provided, and the further fastening element is arranged on the wall element of the transport vehicle. According to a further advantageous embodiment, both fastening elements comprise arm elements which extend along the height axis (Z) below the frame element.

In the above-described embodiments, it is advantageous if each of the fastening elements and each of the receiving means are designed integrally or monolithically.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one frame element is made of a metal alloy, preferably an aluminium alloy. The fastening device may also be at least partially made of a metal alloy, preferably an aluminum alloy, which allows the seat arrangement to be constructed as light as possible.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment, a seat cover is arranged on or in at least one frame element. The at least one frame element preferably comprises an inner surface. The seat cover is thus advantageously arranged in this inner surface. Alternatively, it is preferable if the seat cover is arranged on or over an inner surface. It is also conceivable that the seat cover at least partially surrounds the inner surface. It is advantageously provided and determined that the seat cover can withstand the forces exerted by the user. The seat cover thus advantageously has a corresponding stability. Therefore, no further support elements are advantageously arranged in the inner surface. The seat cover is preferably a knitted fabric. The seat cover is preferably a tubular knitted fabric or a flat knitted fabric.

The potential object is also solved by an interior arrangement of a means of transport, in particular a passenger transport, comprising at least one seating arrangement according to one of the preceding embodiments. The interior device may be equipped with all features within the scope of the seating arrangements already described above, alone or in combination with one another, and vice versa. The internal apparatus preferably comprises a plurality of seating arrangements. According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one seating arrangement is arranged on the vehicle so as to be stationary or displaceable by means of a guide arrangement, in particular a rail arrangement. The guiding device may be arranged on a floor or wall element of the vehicle. The seat arrangement can therefore be advantageously arranged in a stowage area of a vehicle, for example a railway vehicle. Thus, the space of the transport vehicle may be filled with large luggage, such as bicycles. Depending on requirements, a certain number of seat arrangements can be transported from the stowage area to the interior and thus be defined at certain points. This can be done by a correspondingly advantageous latching device.

Finally, a means of transport, in particular a means of passenger transport, for example a rail vehicle, is provided, which has at least one interior device or at least one seating arrangement.

Drawings

Other advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be explained with reference to the following description of the drawings. In various embodiments, similar components may have the same reference numerals.

In the drawings:

fig. 1a, 1b are perspective views of a seating arrangement according to an embodiment;

fig. 2a, 2b are perspective views of a seating arrangement according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a side view of a seating unit according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a seating unit according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a seating unit according to an embodiment;

6a-6d are front, rear, side and bottom views of the embodiment according to FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a seating unit according to an embodiment;

8a-8d are front, rear, side and bottom views of the embodiment according to FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a seating unit according to one embodiment;

10a-10d are front, rear, side and bottom views of the embodiment according to FIG. 9;

11a-11d are views of various possible pivot positions of a seating unit according to one embodiment;

12a-12d are views of various possible pivot positions of a seating unit according to one embodiment;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a seating unit according to one embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a front view of a seating unit according to one embodiment;

FIG. 15 is an exploded view of a frame member according to one embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a frame member according to an embodiment;

17a-17c are cross-sectional views of a frame member in various pivoted states according to one embodiment;

18a, 18b are views of a seating arrangement having a seat cover according to an embodiment;

fig. 19 is an interior apparatus of a vehicle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Fig. 1 to 19 show a seat arrangement 1 for a vehicle 101, in particular a seat arrangement 1 for a passenger vehicle, wherein the seat arrangement 1 can be arranged on or in the vehicle 101 by means of a fastening device 5; wherein the seat arrangement 1 is intended and adapted to provide a sitting position at standing height, wherein the seat arrangement 1 comprises at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, which

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is arranged on the fastening arrangement 5 by means of at least one mounting axle 22, wherein the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable relative to the fastening arrangement 5 about a pivot axis (6) extending along the width axis Y. In the following, a coordinate system with a height axis Z, a width axis Y and a depth axis X is used for the seat arrangement. A coordinate system having a height axis Z ', a width axis Y ' and a depth axis X ' is used for at least one frame element. Each axis may also have two directions.

At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b comprises an upper region 3 for supporting a backrest and at least one seat region 4, 4a, 4b integrated into the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b thus assumes the function of a backrest and likewise of a seat part. Thus, a very simple and cheap seat arrangement 1 is provided.

In fig. 1a to 2b and 4, a seat arrangement 1 is shown, which comprises only a frame element 2 arranged on a fastening device 5. Fig. 5 to 13 show seat arrangements 1, the seat arrangements 1 of fig. 5 to 13 each comprising two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. Fig. 3 shows various pivot positions which apply both to a seat arrangement 1 with one frame element 2 and to a seat arrangement 1 with two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. A seating arrangement 1 is provided and the seating arrangement 1 is adapted to provide a sitting position at a standing height. Such a seat device 1 is also referred to as a sitting-standing seat. The seating area is preferably arranged at a height of between 40cm and 150cm, more preferably between 50cm and 130 cm. The seat height can be advantageously matched to the intended target person. Fig. 1a, 1b show a seat arrangement 1 which is more suitable for children or elderly people, for example, with a seat height preferably in the range between 40cm and 60 cm. Figures 2a and 2b show a seating arrangement 1 more suitable for adults, the seat height will be in the range between 80cm and 150cm, more preferably in the range between 90cm and 130 cm.

The at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b may have the same configuration in the configuration of the seat arrangement 1 with one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b and in the configuration of the seat arrangement 1 with two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is formed by a lower part 7 and an upper part 8. The lower portion 7 comprises at least a first transverse portion 9 extending substantially along the width axis Y ', Y and a second transverse portion 10 extending substantially along the width axis Y', Y. The first and second transverse portions are preferably integrally or monolithically formed. The first and second transverse portions 9, 10 may have recesses arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure (see, for example, fig. 15). As a result, the lower part 7 can have a very light weight, but still have sufficient stability. The upper portion 8 further comprises a third transverse portion 11 extending along the width axis Y, Y'. In this case, the two width axes Y, Y' are congruent. The first transverse portion 9 and the second transverse portion 10 are spaced apart from the third transverse portion 11 along the height axis Z'. The first transverse portion 9 and the second transverse portion 10 are connected by means of two pillar elements 27. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b comprises an inner surface 28, respectively, which inner surface 28 is delimited by the upper part 8 and the lower part 7 or by the third transverse portion, the two pillar elements 27, the first transverse portion 9 and the second transverse portion 10. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is substantially trapezoidal. The width of the third transverse portion 11 is smaller than the width of the first and second transverse portions 9, 10. The extent of the first transverse portion 9 and the second transverse portion 10 along the depth axis X 'is greater than the extent of the third transverse portion 11 along the depth axis X'. The first transverse portion 9 or the second transverse portion 10 at least partially forms the seating area 4, 4a, 4 b. The lower part 7 and the upper part 8 of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b form the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b in one piece or in several pieces. Fig. 4 and 13 each show a one-piece design of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b in the region enclosed by the dashed line. These figures also show another embodiment of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, in which the frame element is formed in two parts. For this purpose, the at least one frame element consists of a lower part 7 and an upper part 8, in which case both parts 7 and 8 are U-shaped. For this purpose, the two strut elements 27 are advantageously separated and connected by a detachable connection, preferably a plug connection. Such a releasable connection is for example a plug connection. The two parts of the pillar element are preferably inserted into each other. It is also advantageous to provide safety means, such as pins, screws, bolts, etc., by means of which the plug connection can be prevented from being accidentally loosened.

At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable relative to the fastening device 5 about a pivot axis 6 extending along the width axis Y. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is integrally rotatable with respect to the pivot 6. Thus, the upper region 3 for supporting the backrest and the one-piece seat region 4, 4a, 4b pivot or rotate simultaneously about the pivot axis 6. In contrast, in the conventional seat device, only the backrest can pivot about the pivot shaft. Preferably, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable to at least two

pivot positions

12a, 12b, 12c, more preferably at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable to three

pivot positions

12a, 12b, 12 c. These

pivot positions

12a, 12b, 12c are shown for example in fig. 3. In this figure, a double arrow 15 is also shown, the double arrow 15 again showing the pivoting direction. The at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable into a first pivot position 12a, in which case the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b extends substantially perpendicularly to an imaginary plane 13, which imaginary plane 13 extends parallel to the ground 102 of the vehicle 101 in the first pivot position 12 a. In other words, the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b extends vertically or substantially parallel to the height axis Z of the seat arrangement 1 in the first pivot position. In this pivoted position, the seat arrangement 1 has only a minimal space requirement along the depth axis, which corresponds substantially to the extent of the first transverse portion 9 and the second transverse portion 10. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is pivotable into a second pivot position 12b, which second pivot position 12b is inclined with respect to the first pivot position 12a by an inclination angle α. Furthermore, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b can be pivoted into a third pivot position 12c, which third pivot position 12c is inclined by an inclination angle β relative to the first pivot position 12 a. A second imaginary plane 14 may be defined, which second imaginary plane 14 extends perpendicularly to the first imaginary plane 13. In the first pivot position, the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is arranged substantially in the second imaginary plane 14. In the second pivot position 12b and the third pivot position 12c, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b has an inclination angle α or β, respectively, with the second imaginary plane 14. In this case, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is inclined in the second pivot position 12b and in the third pivot position 12c in opposite directions on the depth axis X. Thus, the tilt angles α and β have different signs (±) but the same magnitude. The inclination angle α, β is preferably in the range of 10 ° to 80 °, more preferably in the range of 20 ° to 70 °, in which case the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b and the second imaginary plane 14 comprise the inclination angle α, β.

Furthermore, a latching device 29 is provided, by means of which latching device 29 at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b can be locked in at least one

pivoting position

12a, 12b, 12 c. Preferably, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b can be locked in the first pivot position 12a, the second pivot position 12b and the third pivot position 12 c. It is also conceivable that at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b can be locked only in the second pivot position 12b and the third pivot position 12 c. It is also conceivable that the at least one frame element can occupy at least a second and a third pivot position without the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b being locked. Due to the inclination and the advantageous stop of at least one frame element, the frame element remains in this

respective pivot position

12b, 12c even without any further locking. When a user is seated on the seating arrangement, at least one frame element is held in the pivoted

position

12b, 12 c. In the second pivot position 12b of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, at least the first seat area 4, 4a is formed by the first transverse section 9. This is shown for example in fig. 1a and 2 a. In the third pivot position 12c of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, the second seat area 4, 4b is formed at least by the second transverse portion 10. This is shown for example in fig. 1b and 2 b. In the second pivot position 12b of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, the first seat area 4, 4a extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane 13. In the third pivot position 12c of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, the second seat area 4, 4b extends substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane 13. This substantially parallel extension of the first or second seat area 4, 4a, 4b allows the occupant to sit comfortably.

Fig. 11a to 11d and 12a to 12d show a seat arrangement 1 with two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b in different pivot positions 12 a. Fig. 11a to 11d differ from fig. 12a to 12d in the design of the fastening device 5. However, the seat arrangement 1 comprising the fastening arrangement 5 according to any of the other possible configurations may also be in the shown pivoted position. In fig. 11a and 12a, the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b are in the second pivot position 12 b. Each

frame element

2, 2a, 2b thus provides a first seating area 4, 4a in the form of a first transverse portion 9. In fig. 11d and 12d, the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b are in the third pivot position 12 c. Each

frame element

2, 2a, 2b thus provides a second seating area 4, 4b in the form of a second transverse portion 10. In fig. 11b and 12b, the first frame element 2a is in the second pivoted position 12b, as a result of which the first seat area 4, 4a is provided in the form of the first transverse portion 9. The second frame element 2b is located in the third pivot position 12c, as a result of which the second seat area 4, 4b is provided in the form of the second transverse portion 10. In fig. 11c and 12c, the first frame element 2a is in the third pivoted position 12c, as a result of which the second seat area 4, 4b is provided in the form of the second transverse portion 10. The second frame element 2b is located in the second pivot position 12b, as a result of which the first seat area 4, 4a is provided in the form of the first transverse portion 9. By means of this design, it is possible to flexibly and individually coordinate the seat groups composed of such seat arrangements 1.

At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is arranged on the fastening device 5 by means of a mounting shaft 22. The mounting shaft 22 is received in at least one receiving means 23, 23a, 23b of the fastening means 5 in such a way that it is non-rotatably connected to the fastening means 5. Furthermore, the mounting shaft 22 extends through the through channel 24 of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, as a result of which the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is arranged pivotable relative to the fastening element 5 or the mounting shaft 22. The mounting shaft 22 is shown in detail in fig. 4, 13 and 15 to 17 c. The mounting shaft 22 is configured substantially as a hollow cylinder with a substantially circular cross section, for example as a profile tube (profile tube).

The mounting shaft 22 has at least one

stop element

30, 31, in the present case two

stop elements

30, 31. These stop

elements

30, 31 are designed as recesses in the side faces 33 of the mounting shaft. The recess preferably extends the entire extent along the width axis Y of the mounting shaft 22. At least one, in the present case two

further stop elements

32a, 32b are arranged in the through channel 24. The two

stop elements

32a, 32b are configured as projections on the inner surface 24a of the through-channel 24. The projection preferably extends over the entire extent along the width axis Y of the through channel 24. The through channel 24 may extend along the entire width of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b or at least along a substantial part of the width. The "major part" is at least half, preferably at least three quarters of the total width of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The

stop elements

30, 31 of the mounting shaft 22 and the

further stop elements

32a, 32b of the through-channel 24 are diametrically opposite each other, respectively. However, it is also conceivable to arrange only one

stop element

30, 31, 32a, 32b on the mounting shaft 22 and the through-passage 24. The side 33 of the mounting shaft 20 has two outer areas 34 against which outer areas 34 the inner surface 24a of the through-going channel 24 abuts, so that rotation of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b relative to the mounting shaft 22 is possible. The

stop elements

30, 31 are provided in the form of grooves in the circumferential direction 35 of the mounting shaft 22 between the two outer regions 34. The radius 36 of the

inner surface

30a, 31a of the

stop element

30, 31 is therefore smaller than the radius 37 of the outer region 34. As shown in fig. 15 to 17c, the

inner surfaces

30a, 31a are designed in an outwardly curved manner. During the pivoting movement of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, the at least one

further stop element

32a, 32b of the through-channel 24 is displaced relative to the mounting shaft 22 in the circumferential direction 35 of the mounting shaft 22.

Further stop elements

32a, 32b designed as projections project into the

stop elements

30, 31 of the mounting shaft designed as recesses. The

stop elements

30, 31 each have two

stop surfaces

30b, 31b, 30c, 31c, which represent the transition to the adjacent outer region 34. In the second and

third pivot positions

12b, 12c, a

further stop element

32a, 32b, which is designed as a projection, rests on the stop faces 30b, 31b, 30c, 31c of the diametrically

opposite stop elements

30, 31, which are designed as recesses.

Furthermore, a latching device 29 is provided, by means of which latching device 29 the

pivot position

12a, 12b, 12c, which may be reached by pivoting, can be locked. The latching means 29 are arranged on at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b or on the lower part 7. This is shown as an example in fig. 14. The latching device 29 is shown in detail in fig. 16 to 17 c. Fig. 17c shows the second pivot position 12 b. In fig. 17b, the third pivot position 12c is shown. The first pivot position is shown in fig. 16 and 17 a. For the sake of clarity, only some particularly relevant reference numerals are shown in fig. 17a to 17 c. The latching device 29 comprises a first locking element 42, which first locking element 42 can be engaged with at least one further locking element 46 of the mounting shaft 22. A further locking element 46 of the mounting shaft 22 is assigned to each

pivot position

12a, 12b, 12c of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. Furthermore, the latching device 29 comprises an operating element 39, by means of which operating element 39 the first locking element 42 can be displaced. In this case, the engagement with the at least one further locking element 46 of the mounting axle 22 can be released by displacing the first locking element 42. Furthermore, the latching device 29 comprises a holding element 38, by means of which holding element 38 the latching device 29 is arranged on the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, preferably on the underside of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, preferably on the lower part 7 of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b in the height direction Z'. The holding element 38 is fixed to the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b by means of a clip connection. But other connections are also contemplated. The operating element 39 is arranged on the holding element 38, in which case a mounting element 40 is provided between the holding element 38 and the operating element 39. The operating element 39 is pivotably attached to the first locking element 42 by means of a shaft 41 and is thus swingable. The mounting element 40 is guided in the guide 38e of the holding element 38. The first locking element 42 is configured in the form of a pin or a bolt. Furthermore, a return means 43 in the form of a compression spring element is provided. This is actuated or compressed during the displacement movement to release the engagement. After actuation of the operating element 39, the first locking element 42 can be displaced by the resetting device 43, whereby it can be engaged with at least one further locking element 46 of the mounting shaft 22. A return means or compression spring 43 is arranged between the locking element 42 and the holding element 38. For this purpose, the first locking element 42 has a radially outwardly projecting flange against which the compression spring bears. Thus, the locking element 42 is subjected to a spring force which presses the locking element 42 radially inwards. In the unused state, the locking element 42 engages in a further locking element 46, designed as a recess or hole, of the mounting shaft 22. Preferably, a plurality of notches 46 are provided. These notches 46 are arranged in the outer region 34 of the side 33 in the circumferential direction of the mounting shaft 22. Three recesses 46 are advantageously provided. The arrangement of the recesses 46 is provided such that in

predetermined pivot positions

12a, 12b, 12c the locking element 42 can engage in the recesses 46 respectively assigned to the pivot positions. The first locking element 42 protrudes through an opening 38a of the retaining element 38, the opening 38a being surrounded by an outwardly extending raised flange 38 b. The resetting means rest internally on the raised flange 38 b. Two

support portions

39a, 39b are located on each of these flanges 38 b. The first support portion 39a is opposed to the second support portion 39b in the circumferential direction 44. The operating element 39 comprises two operating

portions

39c, 39 d. The first operating portion 39c is opposed to the second operating portion 39d in the circumferential direction 44. The operating

portions

39c, 39d are located farther in the circumferential direction 44 and in the radial direction 45 than the

support portions

39a, 39 b. When the latch device 29 is operated, one of the operating

portions

39c, 39d is pressed inward in the radial direction 45. Thus, the

respective operating portions

39c, 39d can be moved into the respective recessed

areas

38c, 38d of the holding element 38. Due to the spacing of the operating

portions

39c, 39d from the

support portions

39a, 39b and the support of the

support portions

39a, 39b on the flange 38b, lever forces act on a shaft 41, which shaft 41 is arranged in the center of the operating element 39 and connects the operating element 39 to the first locking element 42. The first locking element 42 is correspondingly displaced outwards in the radial direction 45. This displacement occurs against the spring force of the compression spring 43, whereby the compression spring 43 is compressed. The locking element 42 is released from the displacement of the corresponding recess 46, so that at least one frame element 22a, 2b can be pivoted.

Fig. 16 shows the unused position, in which at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is located in the first pivot position 12 a. Each

further stop element

32a, 32b of the through-channel 24 is located substantially centrally along an imaginary

circular arc

47a, 47b of the first stop element 30 or the second stop element 31. The

imaginary arcs

47a, 47b extend between the first stop surfaces 30b, 31b and the second stop surfaces 30c, 31c, respectively. The first locking element 42 engages into a central recess 46 on the outer region 34 and thus locks the first pivot position 12 a. In this first pivot position 12a, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is generally positioned substantially perpendicular to the first imaginary plane 13 and is thus in the stowed position. Fig. 17a shows at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b in the first pivot position 12a in two views. In the above figures, the first operating portion 39c of the operating element 39 has been actuated so as to move radially inwards into the first recessed area 38c of the holding element 38. In the following figures, the second operating portion 39d has been actuated so as to move radially inwards into the second recessed area 38d of the holding element 38. The first locking element 42 is thus released from engagement of the recess 46 and the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b can be pivoted into the desired pivoted position. In fig. 17b, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is located in the second pivot position 12 b. The first further stop element 32a of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b abuts against the first stop surface 30a of the first stop element 30. The second further stop element 32b of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b abuts against the second stop surface 31b of the second stop element 31. The force exerted by the user on the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is guided by these

stops

30a, 31b from the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b into the mounting shaft 22 and thus into the fastening means 5. At least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is locked in this pivot position 12b in that the first locking element 42 of the latching device 29 engages in a corresponding recess 46 on the mounting axle 22 associated with this pivot position 12 b. In fig. 17c, at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is located in the third pivot position 12 c. The first further stop element 32a of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b abuts against the second stop surface 30b of the first stop element 30. The second further stop element 32b of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b abuts against the first stop surface 31a of the second stop element 31. The force exerted by the user on the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is guided by these

stops

30b, 31a from the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b into the mounting shaft 22 and thus into the fastening means 5. Since the locking element 42 of the first latching means 29 engages in a corresponding recess 46 on the mounting axle 22 associated with this pivot position 12c, the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is locked in this pivot position 12 c.

Accordingly, the inclination angles α, β are predetermined by the lengths of the imaginary

circular arcs

47a, 47 b. Furthermore, it is conceivable for the actuating element 39 to be arranged at different positions on at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. For example, the operating element 39 can also be arranged on the upper part 8 of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. Furthermore, a gripping element 16 may be provided, which gripping element 16 is arranged on the upper part 8. The operating element 39 can be integrated in the grip element 16. In this configuration, the operating mode already described, in which the actuation of the first locking element 42 is initiated, can be maintained. The above-mentioned (lever) forces acting on the shaft 41 can be transmitted from the operating element 39 to the shaft 41 via a transmission. Such a (mechanical) transmission can be, for example, a bowden cable, a lever or a transmission by means of a gear. These transmission means may preferably be arranged in or on at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. However, it is also conceivable for the transmission device to transmit an electrical signal which controls the actuator. The actuator then actuates the locking element 42.

The seat cover 18 is arranged on or in at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The seat cover 18 is arranged in or on an inner surface 28, which inner surface 28 is enclosed by at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b or the upper part 8 and the lower part 7. The seat cover 18 may have a tubular design if at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b is made in one piece or in one piece. Thus, portions of the tubular seat cover 18 may be advantageously disposed on each side above the inner surface 28. This is shown, for example, in fig. 18a and 18 b. The tubular seat cover 18 comprises a first upper open side 48a along the height axis Z', which first upper open side 48a is preferably closed by a seam and adjoins the third transverse section 11. Furthermore, the tubular seat cover 18 comprises a second open side 48b, the height of which second open side 48b along the height axis Z' is low, preferably closed by means of an openable closure and located on the top or lower part 7. In the case of a two-piece construction of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, a flat seat cover 18 can be used. This is illustrated in fig. 1a to 2b and 5 to 12 d. The edge of the seat cover 18 is connected from the bottom up to at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The seat cover 18 is connected to both the pillar elements 27 and the third transverse portion 11. For this purpose, for example, pipeline rails (piping rails) can be arranged on the inner sides of the two pillar elements 27 and the third transverse section 11. The duct guide is arranged on the inner side of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b so that it faces the inner surface 28. The seat cover 18 has a pipe lug (piping lug) which is arranged or clamped in the pipe guide.

The seat cover 18 is advantageously a knitted fabric. Such knitted fabric is advantageously made with a knitting machine. This advantageous use of knitted fabrics allows a high degree of variability in the design with different elastic regions. Such knitted fabric having both flexible and rigid or fixed parts can be produced very simply and inexpensively compared to woven fabric. Advantageously, the knitted fabric is produced using a 3D knitting method. This advantageous technique allows for the incorporation of both flexible and rigid regions into the knitted component. In this case, it is advantageous if the seat cover 18 has at least two

regions

19, 20 of different elasticity. The first region 19 has a lower elasticity than the second region 20. The second region 20 is elastically deformable under the action of a force. The first zone 19 is arranged above the second zone 20 along the height axis Z'. Such a first region 19 may thus be provided and adapted to support the shoulder region of a user. Then, the second region 20 having higher elasticity may be disposed in or above the middle and/or lower portion of the inner surface 28 along the height axis Z'. Such a second region 20 may be provided and the second region 20 is adapted to support the lower back and hip region of the user. Of course, it is also conceivable to provide other regions with different elasticity in the seat cover. Furthermore, the seat cover 18 is connected to at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b at the edge from the bottom upwards. Under the action of a force, the second region 20 forms a three-dimensional deformation 21 or bulge. This is shown schematically in figure 3, where such force is applied by the tilting action of the user. Accordingly, when pivoting from the second pivot position to the third pivot position or vice versa, the force is exerted in the opposite direction, resulting in the three-dimensional deformation also being formed in the opposite direction. The seat cover 18 may have a third region 49, which third region 49 is arranged along the height axis Z' below the second region. This third area 49 can be connected to at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b by means of a preferably detachable connection. The third region 49 may be arranged on the first and second lateral portions 9, 10 and serve as a seat trim, which is shown for example in fig. 18a and 18 b. The seat cover 18 may also have a central space or cutout 50. Thus, the third region 49 and the second region 19 are only connected by the web portions arranged on the pillar elements 27 of at least one of the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. Alternatively, the second region 19 merges without interruption into the third region 49, which is shown by way of example in fig. 5.

The seat area 4, 4a, 4b can be further enlarged if at least one additional element 17 is provided, which is arranged on the lower part 7 of at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The depth extension of the seating areas 4, 4a, 4b is increased by the additional element 17. The additional element 17 may be arranged on the upper surface of the first and/or second lateral portion or may be arranged adjacent to the upper surface of the first and/or second lateral portion. Such additional elements are shown in fig. 3 and may be attached to the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b by friction and/or positive-locking (positive-locking) connections. Possible connections are clip connections, screw connections, plug connections, etc. Additional elements 17 may also be provided to secure the seat cover 18. Thus, an effective seating surface for contact with a user can be defined. The effective seating plane advantageously comprises the first or second seating area 4a, 4b and is preferably oriented substantially horizontally or parallel to the first imaginary plane 13. Depending on the

pivot position

12b, 12c, the effective seating surface is provided by the first or the second seating region. The effective seating surface may be provided at least in part by an upper surface of the first transverse portion 9 or an upper surface of the second transverse portion 10. However, it is also conceivable that other elements, other layers, coverings, decorations, etc. are arranged on the upper surface of the transverse portions 9, 10, which then at least partially form the effective seating surface. The additional element 17 can likewise increase the effective seating surface. The effective seating surface can preferably be formed at least partially by the additional element 17. However, it is also conceivable to arrange further elements, further layers, coverings, decorations, etc. on the additional element 17, which thus at least partially form the effective seating surface. The effective seating surface advantageously comprises the first or second seat region 4a, 4b of the at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2b and a part of the second region 20 of the seat cover 18. The effective seating surface may also include a transition between the third region 49 and the second region 19 of the seat cover 18.

On the at least one frame element, the at least one gripping element 16 is also arranged on the at least one pillar element 27 or the upper part 8. The gripping element is usually arranged on the outside of the seat arrangement 1, the gripping element being located on the people path of the vehicle. If two walkways are provided, it is of course also possible to provide a gripping element 16 on each outer side of the seat arrangement 1.

Fig. 1a to 2b and 4 show a seat arrangement 1 with only one frame element 2. The fastening device 5 comprises two fixing elements 25 in the form of

arm elements

25a, 25b, which extend along the height axis Z and lead to a base element 26. The

arm members

25a, 25b also extend along the width axis Y from the base member 26 such that they extend obliquely upward. The distance 53 between the first arm member 25a and the second arm member 25b decreases downwards along the height axis Z. At the upper end, the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b have receiving means 23, 23a, 23b, respectively, for mounting the shaft 22. The receiving means 23, 23a, 23b are formed integrally, in one piece, or in multiple pieces with the arm element. In the transition region to the receiving means 23, 23a, 23b, the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b are advantageously oriented substantially parallel to the height axis Z. The

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b can be designed as flat profiles. In this flat profile, a preferably circular recess can form the receiving means 23, 23a, 23 b. Furthermore, the receiving means 23, 23a, 23b can be designed substantially cylindrically with a preferably circular transverse section. The base element 26 extends to a lesser extent in the width axis Y than the mounting shaft 22 or than the distance between the receiving means 23, 23a, 23 b. Furthermore, a cover element 51 is provided on the side of the receiving

device

23, 23a, 23 b. As shown in fig. 1a to 2b and 4, the arm elements may extend substantially linearly or in a V-shape. However, a substantially S-shaped course of the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b is also conceivable. The base element 26 is either fixed directly on the floor 102 of the vehicle 101 or is arranged movably on the floor 102 of the vehicle 101 by means of a guide. This configuration has the advantages of: the base element is arranged centrally below at least one

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The force can thus be applied symmetrically into the base element 26. This allows for a simpler design of the guidance system 102. For example, if a rail system is used as the guide system 102, it is sufficient to use only one rail. In fig. 1a and 1b, a fastening element 25 having a low height is provided. The base element 26 is designed only as a cross brace extending along the width axis Y. Such a seat arrangement 1 may be used, for example, by elderly persons or children. Fig. 2a and 2b show a seat arrangement 1 having an adult seat height. The base element 26 is designed as a substantially rectangular element comprising two transverse struts extending along a width axis Y. The upper lateral strut along the height axis Z serves as a foot board 52. It is also conceivable that the rotating means are arranged or integrated on or in the base element 26. The fastening device 5 or the seat arrangement 1 can then be rotated about a rotation axis 54 extending parallel to the height axis Z, which is indicated in fig. 1b, 2b and 3 by a double arrow 55.

The exemplary embodiment according to fig. 5 to 13 shows a seat arrangement 1 with two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b, which two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b are arranged on a fastening device 5. The two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b are arranged side by side. As already described, the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b can be pivoted independently of one another about a common pivot axis 6 extending along the width axis Y to a first, a second and a

third pivot position

12a, 12b, 12c at an inclination angle α, β relative to the fastening device 5. The fastening means 5 can be designed in different ways. In all embodiments, a mounting axle 22 is provided, the mounting axle 22 extending along the seat arrangement and extending through the respective through channels 24 of the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. As already described, such through-channels 24 may extend substantially over the entire width of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b, only a partial extension being also conceivable. A latching device 29 is also provided on each of the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. The mounting shaft 22 is received in two receiving means 23, 23a, 23b of the fastening means 5. Figure 13 shows an exploded view of a seating unit similar to that of figure 4. However, only 3 possible configurations of the fastening device 5 are shown in fig. 13. Of course, other fastening means 5 shown may also be inserted in fig. 13. In these embodiments, at least one cover element 51 may also be provided to close the mounting shaft 22. The mounting shaft 22 is received in at least two receiving means 23, 23a, 23b of the fastening means 5. Each receiving means 23, 23a, 23b is arranged on the fastening element 25. According to the embodiment of fig. 5 to 11d, a first receiving means 23a is arranged in a position between the first frame element 2a and the second frame element 2 b. A further second receiving means 23b is arranged on the side of one of the two

frame elements

2a, 2b or on one of the two outer sides of the seat arrangement 1. The two receiving means 23, 23a, 23b are substantially cylindrical with a substantially circular transverse portion.

According to the embodiment of fig. 5 to 6d, the second receiving means 23b is arranged on the fastening element 25 in the form of a plate-like first element 56, which first plate-like element 56 can be fastened to a wall element of the vehicle. Thus, the first plate-like element 56 is arranged in a fastening plane 58 (see fig. 6c) extending substantially parallel to the second imaginary plane 14. The wall element of the vehicle 101 advantageously comprises a fastening plane 58. The first receiving means 23a is arranged on a fastening element 25 in the form of an arm element 25. The arm element 25 is designed as a cantilever arm (cantilever arm) or as a cantilever arm (cantilever). The arm element 25 thus extends from the first receiving means 23a to the fastening plane 58 and ends in a plate-like element 57, which plate-like element 57 is likewise arranged in the fastening plane 58 and can be arranged on a wall element of the transport means. The lower cantilevered portion of the arm member 25 extends obliquely upward along the height axis Z from the second plate-like member 57 d. The lower cantilever portion forms an angle with the first imaginary plane 13 in the range between 10 ° and 45 °. The upper part of the arm member 25 adjoining the lower part of the arm member 25 encloses an angle in the range between 45 ° and 90 ° with the first imaginary plane 13. Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the present embodiment. Fig. 6a shows a front view of the present embodiment, and fig. 6b shows a rear view of the present embodiment. Fig. 6c shows a side view of the present embodiment, and fig. 6d shows a bottom view of the present embodiment. The embodiment according to fig. 11a to 11d is similar to the embodiment according to fig. 5 to 6 d. The only difference is that only one plate-like element 59 is provided. The third plate-like element 59 also extends in the fastening plane 58. Furthermore, a second receiving device 23b is arranged on this third plate-like element 59. Likewise, the arm element 25 opens into the third plate element 59.

In the embodiment according to fig. 7 to 10d, two fastening elements in the form of

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b are provided, on which the receiving means 23, 23a, 23b are arranged or integrated. Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the first embodiment. Fig. 8a shows a front view and fig. 8b shows a rear view of the first embodiment. Fig. 8c shows a side view of the first embodiment and fig. 8d shows a bottom view of the first embodiment. Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of the second embodiment. Fig. 10a shows a front view of the second embodiment and fig. 10b shows a rear view of the second embodiment. Fig. 10c shows a side view of the second embodiment and fig. 10d shows a bottom view of the second embodiment. In the embodiments according to fig. 7 to 10d, the two

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b are designed as flat profiles and can be fixed on the floor of the transport means 101. For this purpose, a fastening region 60 is formed in each case on the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b, which fastening region has a portion parallel to the floor of the vehicle. A hole can be provided in this part, by means of which fastening can be effected, for example, by means of a screw connection. The two

arm members

25, 25a, 25b are inclined with respect to a reference axis 61 extending perpendicularly to the first imaginary plane 13. Thus, an inclination angle γ may be defined between this reference axis 61 and the central axis 62 of the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b, which is shown by way of example in fig. 8a and 10 a. The inclination angle γ is in the range of 5 ° to 20 °, preferably in the range of 10 ° to 15 °. Advantageously, the second receiving means 23b and the second arm element 25b connected thereto are arranged on the outside of the seat arrangement 1, and a gripping element 16 on the outside of the seat arrangement 1 is also provided on the

respective frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. As a result, the force applied by one grip element 16 into the seat device 1 can be deflected efficiently by the second arm element 25 a. Thus, the seat arrangement 1 has an advantageously increased stability outside the seat arrangement 1. As in all the shown embodiments, the

arm elements

25, 25a, 25b and the associated receiving means 23, 23a, 23b can be designed in one piece, in one piece or in multiple pieces. Likewise, the through-channel 24 may extend substantially over the entire width of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2b or only partially. For example, in fig. 8d it can be seen that the channel 24 extends only partially in the width direction Y'. Here, the two receiving

devices

23, 23a, 23b comprise an extension element 63 extending in the width direction Y' of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. The receiving means 23, 23a, 23b and the respective extension element 63 may be integrally, monolithically or monolithically multi-part formed. The extension element associated with the first receiving means 23a extends from the intermediate space between the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b along the second frame element 2 b. The extension element associated with the first receiving means 23a extends from the outside along the first frame element 2a to the intermediate space between the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. In contrast, the through-channel 24 according to the embodiment of fig. 10d extends over a large part of the width direction of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. "major part" is understood to mean at least half, preferably three quarters, of the total width of the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. In the embodiment according to fig. 7 to 8d, a footrest 52 or a footrest element is provided on each

arm element

25, 25a, 25 b. The footrest 52 extends from the

respective arm element

25, 25a, 25b substantially parallel to the first imaginary plane 13, or rather substantially parallel to the floor of the vehicle.

According to the embodiment according to fig. 12a to 12d, the first receiving means 23, 23a and the second receiving means 23, 23a, 23b of the fastening device 5 are arranged outside the seat device 1. Thus, the

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b are arranged between the receiving means 23, 23a, 23 b. Only one spacer element 64, preferably sleeve-shaped, is arranged between the two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2 b. The fastening device 5 is designed similarly to the fastening device according to fig. 2a and 2 b. Accordingly, the corresponding description is similar. Two S-shaped or V-shaped

arm elements

25a, 25b forming the fastening element 25 likewise open into the base element 26. Thus, it is also advantageously possible to apply the force symmetrically to the base element 26. Similarly, a rotation device may also be provided, by which the seat device 1 can be rotated about the rotation shaft 54.

In fig. 19, an internal device 100 for a vehicle 101 is shown. The interior apparatus 100 includes a plurality of seat devices 1. These seat arrangements 1 are firmly fixed to the floor of the vehicle 101 or guided in a guide system (not shown). The guiding system may be, for example, a rail device and is preferably arranged on the floor of the vehicle 101. Alternatively, a guiding system may be provided on the wall element of the transport means 101. Thus, a certain number of seat arrangements 1 may first be stored in the stowage area 103 of the transport means 101. Depending on requirements, a desired number of seat arrangements 1 can be distributed from the stowage area 103 along the guide system 102 inside the transport means 101. This may be done manually or by an actuator. These seat options should be adjustable to meet different needs. Such requirements are, for example, an adjustment of the seat orientation relative to the direction of travel, or an adjustment of the facing seat group. If luggage or large pieces of luggage are present, fewer seat arrangements 1 can be taken out of the stowage area. Such an interior arrangement 100 with a seating arrangement 1 can provide more than 25% more seating than previous seating arrangements. In the first pivot position 12a, i.e. in the upright direction, the seat arrangement 1 along the depth axis X only occupies the depth of the seat part 4 of the

frame element

2, 2a, 2 b. Thus, the seat arrangement 1 can be stored in a very space-saving manner. Also in the second and

third pivot position

12b, 12c, the seat arrangement 1 has a comparatively small space requirement in the depth direction X. The space requirement in the depth direction is determined by the inclination angles α, β and the required underfoot space. The sitting posture which the user assumes in the seating arrangement 1 corresponds approximately to a standing posture. However, this sitting posture has a significantly lower space requirement than a conventional sitting posture in which the legs are inclined at about right angles. The seat arrangement 1 advantageously allows an extremely comfortable adjustment of the seat orientation due to its pivotability. Thus, the seat group can also be easily adjusted, which is shown by way of example in fig. 19. The seat arrangement 1 has two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b, respectively. The first seating group 104 is a group of four. The two

frame elements

2, 2a, 2b of two successive seating arrangements 1 are tilted so that two users face each other. The second seating group 105 is a group of three. In this case, the frame element 2a is oriented such that the user faces a seating arrangement having two

frame elements

2a, 2b, the remaining frame element 2b serving as a single seat 106. In the third seat group 107, the seat arrangement 1 is used as a two-person seat, in which case the two

frame elements

2a, 2b are tilted or aligned in the same direction.

List of reference numerals

1 seat device

2 frame element

2a first frame element

2b second frame element

3 upper region

4 seat area

4a first seating area

4b second seating area

5 fastening device

6 Pivot

7 lower part

8 upper part

9 first transverse section

10 second transverse section

11 third transverse section

12a first pivot position

12b second pivot position

12c third pivot position

13 first imaginary plane

14 second imaginary plane

15 double arrow

16 gripping element

17 additional element

18 seat cover

19 first region of seat cover

20 second region of seat cover

21 three-dimensional deformation

22 mounting shaft

23 receiving device

23a first receiving means

23b second receiving means

24 through channel

24a inner surface of the through-channel

25 arm element

25a first arm member

25b second arm member

26 base element

27 pillar element

28 inner surface of frame element

29 latch device

30 first stop element

30a inner surface of the stopper member

30b first stop surface

30c second stop surface

31 second stop element

31a stop member

31b first stop surface

31c second stop surface

32a first further stop element

32b second further stop element

33 side surface

34 outer region of the side

35 in the circumferential direction

36 radius

Radius 37

38 holding element

38a holding the opening of the element

38b flange

38c first recessed area

38d second recessed area

38e guide device

39 operating element

39a first support part

39b second support part

39c first operating part

39d second operating part

40 mounting element

41 axle

42 first locking element

43 resetting device

44 circumferential direction

45 radial direction

46 additional locking element

47 imaginary arc

48a upper opening side

48b lower opening side

49 third region of seat cover

50 cut-out in seat cover

51 cover element

52 foot rest

Distance 53

54 rotating shaft

55 double arrow

56 first plate-like element

57 second plate-like element

58 fastening plane

59 third plate-like element

60 fastening area

61 reference axis

62 center shaft

63 extension element

64 spacer element

100 internal equipment of a vehicle

101 conveyance

102 floor of a vehicle

103 stowage area

104 first seat group

105 second seat group

106 single seat

107 third seat group

Depth axis of X-seat device

Width shaft of Y-shaped seat device

Height axis of Z-seat device

X' depth axis of at least one frame element

Y' width axis of at least one frame element

Z' height axis of at least one frame element.

Claims

1. Seat arrangement (1) for a means of transport (101), in particular for a passenger transport means, wherein the seat arrangement (1) can be arranged on the means of transport (101) by means of a fastening device (5),

it is characterized in that

The seat arrangement (1) is intended and adapted to provide a sitting position at standing height, wherein the seat arrangement (1) comprises at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), which at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is arranged on the fastening device (5) by means of at least one mounting axle (22), wherein the at least one frame element 2, 2a, 2b is pivotable relative to the fastening device 5 about a pivot axis (6) extending along a width axis Y.

2. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that

The at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) comprises an upper region (3) for supporting a backrest and at least one seating region (4, 4a, 4b) integrated into the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), wherein the seating region (4, 4a, 4b) is arranged at a height of between 40cm and 150 cm.

3. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2,

it is characterized in that

The lower part (7) and the upper part (8) form the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), wherein the lower part (7) comprises at least one first transverse portion (9) extending substantially along a width axis (Y ', Y) and at least one second transverse portion (10) extending substantially along a width axis (Y', Y), wherein the upper part (8) comprises a third transverse portion (11) extending along the width axis (Y ', Y), wherein the first transverse portion (9) and the second transverse portion (10) have an enlarged extension along a depth axis (X'), wherein the first transverse portion (9) or the second transverse portion (10) at least partially forms the seating region (4, 4a, 4 b).

4. Seat arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that

The at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) being pivotable into at least two pivot positions (12a, 12b, 12c), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is pivotable into three pivot positions (12a, 12b, 12c), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is pivotable into a first pivot position (12a), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) extends substantially perpendicular to an imaginary plane (13) in the first pivot position (12a), which imaginary plane (13) extends parallel to a floor (102) of the transport means (101), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is pivotable into a second pivot position (12b), which second pivot position (12b) is inclined with respect to the first pivot position (12a) by an inclination angle (a), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is pivotable to a third pivot position (12c), which third pivot position (12c) is inclined with respect to the first pivot position (12a) by an inclination angle (β), wherein the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) is inclined in the second pivot position (12b) and the third pivot position (12c) in opposite directions along a depth axis (X), wherein the inclination angle (α) and the inclination angle (β) preferably have the same amount.

5. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 4,

it is characterized in that

Only one mounting shaft (22) is provided, wherein the mounting shaft (22) is received in at least one receiving means (23, 23a, 23b) of the fastening device (5), wherein the mounting shaft (22) extends through a through channel (24) of the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), wherein the mounting shaft (22) is non-rotatably connected to the fastening device (5).

6. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 4 or 5,

it is characterized in that

The at least one mounting shaft (22) has at least one stop element (30, 31), wherein at least one further stop element (32a, 32b) is arranged in the through-channel (24), wherein the at least one further stop element (32a, 32b) of the through-channel (24) is displaced in the circumferential direction (35) relative to the mounting shaft (22) during the pivoting movement of the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), wherein, in the second pivot position (12a), the at least one further stop element (32a, 32b) of the through-channel (24) rests on a first stop surface (30b, 31b) of the at least one stop element (30, 31) of the mounting shaft (22), wherein, in the third pivot position (12b), the at least one further stop element (32 a) of the through-channel (24), 32b) against a second stop surface (30a, 31a) of the at least one stop element (30, 31) of the mounting shaft (22), wherein the mounting shaft (22) and the through-channel (24) each have two stop elements (30, 31), the two stop elements (30, 31) being arranged opposite to each other.

7. The seat arrangement (1) according to one of claims 3 to 6,

it is characterized in that

-providing a latching device (29), by means of which latching device (29) the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) can be latched in at least one pivot position (12a, 12b, 12c), wherein a latching device (30) is provided, by means of which latching device (30) the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) can be latched in the first pivot position (12a), the second pivot position (12b) and the third pivot position (12 c).

8. Seat arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that

The latching device (29) is arranged on the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b), wherein the latching device (29) comprises a first locking element (42), which first locking element (42) can be engaged with at least one further locking element (46) of the mounting axle (22), wherein the further locking element (46) of the mounting axle (22) is associated with each pivot position (12a, 12b, 12c) of the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2 b).

9. Seat arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that

The latching device (29) comprises an operating element (39) by means of which the first locking element (42) can be displaced, wherein by displacing the first locking element (42) the engagement with the at least one further locking element (46) of the mounting shaft (22) can be released, wherein during the displacement movement a resetting device (43) is preferably actuated to release the engagement, wherein the resetting device (43) is a compression spring element or an elastic element, wherein upon actuation of the operating element (39) the first locking element (42) can be displaced by the resetting device (43), as a result of which an engagement with the at least one further locking element (46) of the mounting shaft (22) is made possible.

10. Seat arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that

The operating element (39) is arranged on the lower part (7) of the at least one frame element (2, 2a, 2b) by means of a holding element, wherein the operating element (39) is pivotably arranged on the first locking element (42) by means of a shaft (41), wherein at least one support part (39a, 39b) of the operating element (39) rests on a flange (38b) of the holding element (38), wherein a lever force acts on the shaft (41) in a radially outward direction (45) due to the support part (39a, 39b) resting on the flange (38b) when the operating element (39) is actuated.

11. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 10,

the seat arrangement (1) comprises only one frame element (2), the frame element (2) being arranged on the fastening device (5), wherein the frame element (2) is arranged between two receiving means (23, 23a, 23b) of the fastening device (5), wherein each receiving means (23, 23a, 23b) is arranged on a fastening element (25, 25a, 25b), wherein the fastening elements (25, 25a, 25b) comprise arm elements (25, 25a, 25b), which arm elements (25, 25a, 25b) extend along a height axis (Z) and open into a base element (26).

12. The seat arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10,

it is characterized in that

The seat arrangement (1) comprises two frame elements (2, 2a, 2b) arranged on the fastening device (5), wherein the two frame elements (2, 2a, 2b) are arranged adjacent to each other along the width axis (Y), wherein the two frame elements (2, 2a, 2b) are pivotable relative to the fastening device (5) independently of each other about a common pivot axis (6) extending along the width axis (Y).

13. The seat arrangement (1) according to claim 12,

it is characterized in that

Only one mounting shaft (22) is provided, wherein the mounting shaft (22) extends at least over the entire width extension of the two frame elements (2, 2a, 2b), wherein the mounting shaft (22) is received at least in at least two receiving means (23, 23a, 23b) of the fastening means (5), wherein each of the receiving means (23, 23a, 23b) is arranged on a fastening element (25), wherein at least one fastening element (25) comprises an arm element (25a, 25b) extending along the height axis (Z).

14. Interior installation (100) of a means of transport (101), in particular of passenger transport, comprising at least one seat arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

15. The internal device (100) of claim 14,

it is characterized in that

At least one seat device (1) is arranged on the vehicle (101) in a stationary manner or movably by means of a guide device (103).