CN113071392A

CN113071392A - Emergency escape seat and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN113071392A
Application number: CN202110528067.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程森锋; 王秋林; 牛寅中; 高健
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-14
Filing date: 2021-05-14
Publication date: 2021-07-06

Abstract

The application relates to an emergency escape seat and an automobile. The seat support is fixed to be set up, and the back of the chair includes first backplate and second backplate, and first backplate is connected with the seat support, and the second backplate rotates with the one end that first backplate deviates from the seat support to be connected, and the second backplate is configured to first backplate relatively and rotates to the orientation or the direction that deviates from the seat support to make the second backplate have with the first state of first backplate amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate separation. When the passenger normally uses, first backplate and second backplate amalgamate to first state completely, when needs emergency escape, but first backplate and second backplate quickly separating to the complete folding second state, can relieve the back of the chair and shelter from the problem of the back wind window of fleing, the passenger need not to climb and stride across the back of the chair to this can practice thrift valuable time of fleing, improves the efficiency of fleing.

Description

Emergency escape seat and automobile

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle seats, in particular to an emergency escape seat and an automobile.

Background

At present, in order to guarantee passenger safety of a passenger car, the emergency escape capacity of the passenger is continuously improved, the requirement of regulations on emergency escape equipment of the passenger car is more and more strict, besides the requirement that the passenger car is provided with a plurality of emergency exits, the rear air window of the passenger car is required to reach the size of an escape opening by the regulations, but due to the limitation of the space in the passenger car, the rear seat backrest and the headrest have large shielding effect on the exits, and the passenger can not escape through the rear air window directly.

For satisfying the regulation, the mode of current common adoption is can dismantle the processing with the headrest, pull out the headrest earlier when fleing, then the climbing strides across the backrest and flees, because this operation needs certain skill and strength, simultaneously because back wind window escape opening difference in height generally is greater than 1000mm, exceed the height that general personnel can stride across, personnel need can flee through the climbing side, there is great difficulty to personnel and the weak colony that are unfamiliar with the vehicle, can't guarantee effectively flee under emergency, simultaneously because dismantle the headrest and climb need longer time, can delay the escape time of fleing, the efficiency of fleing is reduced, can't satisfy high-efficient demand of fleing.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an emergency escape seat and an automobile for solving the problem that the conventional escape seat cannot meet the requirement of efficient escape.

The embodiment of the application provides an emergency escape seat, includes: the chair seat is fixedly arranged; the chair back comprises a first back plate and a second back plate, the first back plate is connected with the chair seat, the second back plate is connected with one end, departing from the chair seat, of the first back plate in a rotating mode, the second back plate can rotate towards the direction or departing from the chair seat relative to the first back plate, and therefore the second back plate has a first state of being spliced with the first back plate and a second state of being separated from the first back plate.

In one embodiment, the back plate comprises a fixed frame, the first back plate is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed frame, and the second back plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed frame around an axis.

In one embodiment, there are two fixing frames, and the two fixing frames are respectively disposed on two sides of the second back plate.

In one embodiment, the fixing frame further comprises a pin shaft, a shaft hole is formed in one end, connected with the second back plate, of the fixing frame, the pin shaft penetrates through the shaft hole, and the second back plate is connected with the pin shaft.

In one embodiment, the fixing frame is arranged opposite to the second back plate, and the fixing frame is bent towards a direction departing from the second back plate, so that an accommodating space for at least partially accommodating the second back plate is formed at the joint of the first back plate and the second back plate.

In one embodiment, the locking mechanism comprises a lock core assembly and a lock body assembly, the lock core assembly is fixed on the second back plate, the lock body assembly is fixedly arranged, in the first state, the lock core assembly is locked with the lock body assembly, and in the second state, the lock core assembly is separated from the lock body assembly.

In one embodiment, the plug assembly includes a connecting plate secured to the second backing plate; the supporting plates comprise a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the connecting plate; the shaft core is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.

In one embodiment, the lock body assembly comprises a first locking member and a second locking member, the first locking member and the second locking member are rotatably connected at one end, and the first locking member and the second locking member are arranged at the other end to be capable of rotating in a direction away from or close to each other so that the lock body assembly releases or clamps the shaft core.

In one embodiment, the second back plate further comprises a groove, and the groove is arranged on one side of the second back plate, which faces away from the seat.

The embodiment of the present application further provides an automobile, including: the emergency escape seat as described above; the seat support is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame.

The utility model provides a seat support is fixed to be set up, the back of the chair includes first backplate and second backplate, first backplate is connected with the seat support, the second backplate rotates with the one end that first backplate deviates from the seat support to be connected, the second backplate is configured to first backplate relatively and rotates to the orientation or the direction that deviates from the seat support to make the second backplate have with the first state of first backplate amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate separation. The utility model provides a second backplate is configured as can be relative first backplate to orientation or the direction rotation that deviates from the seat support, so that the second backplate have with the first state of first backplate amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate separation, when the passenger normally uses, first backplate and second backplate reach the first state of complete amalgamation, when needs emergency escape, but first backplate and second backplate quickly separating to the second state of complete folding, the problem of the valuable back wind window of fleing of having solved the back of the chair and sheltering from, the passenger need not to climb across the back of the chair, with this escape time that can practice thrift, improve the efficiency of fleing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an emergency escape seat provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the emergency escape seat is in a first state;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an emergency escape seat provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the emergency escape seat is in a second state;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a fixing frame and a pin of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of a fixing frame of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a locking mechanism of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is an exploded view of a locking mechanism of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first locking member and a second locking member of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Among the prior art, back row seat back and headrest have great sheltering from to the export, the passenger can't directly flee through the back wind window, so in the process of fleing need pull out the headrest earlier, then the climbing strides across the seat back and flees, because this operation needs certain skill and strength, simultaneously because back wind window flees for one's life mouthful difference in height and generally is greater than 1000mm, exceed the height that general personnel can stride across, personnel need can flee through the climbing, there is great difficulty to the personnel and the weak crowd that are unfamiliar with the vehicle, can't guarantee effectively flee under emergency. Meanwhile, the headrest is disassembled and climbed for a long time, so that precious escape time is delayed, the escape efficiency is reduced, and the efficient escape requirement cannot be met.

The embodiment of the application provides an emergency escape seat, including seat support and the back of the chair, wherein the back of the chair includes first backplate and second backplate, and when normal use, first backplate and second backplate are amalgamated to first state completely, and when needs emergency escape, first backplate and second backplate are folded to the second state completely, have solved the problem that current seat of fleing can't satisfy the high-efficient demand of fleing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an emergency escape seat provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the emergency escape seat is in a first state; fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an emergency escape seat provided in the embodiment of the application, wherein the emergency escape seat is in a second state.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an emergency escape chair provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a chair seat 100 and a chair back 200. Wherein, seat support 100 is fixed to be set up in the car, and back of the chair 200 includes first backplate 210 and second backplate 220, and first backplate 210 is connected with seat support 100, and second backplate 220 rotates with the one end that first backplate 210 deviates from seat support 100 to be connected, and second backplate 220 is configured as can rotate to orientation or the direction that deviates from seat support 100 first backplate 210 relatively to make second backplate 220 have the first state with first backplate 210 amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate 210 separation. When the passenger normally uses, first back 210 board and second backplate 220 amalgamate into first state completely, when needs emergency escape, first backplate 210 and second backplate 220 can quickly separated to the complete folding second state, can relieve the problem that the back of the chair 200 sheltered from the back wind window of fleing, and the passenger need not to climb and stride over back of the chair 200 to this can practice thrift valuable escape time, improves the efficiency of fleing.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a connection structure of a fixing frame and a pin of an emergency escape seat provided in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 4 is an exploded view of a fixing frame of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the present embodiment, the fixing frame 300 includes a fixing frame 300, one end of the fixing frame 300 is provided with a first connecting plate 310, the first connecting plate 310 may be rectangular, the first connecting plate 310 is provided with a first connecting hole 320, the first connecting hole 320 may be a threaded hole, the position and number of the first connecting hole 320 are not limited, and the fixing frame 300 is fixedly connected to the first back plate 210 through the first connecting hole 320; the other end of the fixing frame 300 is provided with a second connecting plate 350, the second connecting plate 350 is provided with a second connecting hole 360, the second connecting hole 360 can be a threaded hole, the position and the number of the second connecting hole are not limited, the fixing frame 300 is fixedly connected to the second back plate 220 through the second connecting hole 360, meanwhile, the second back plate 220 is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixing frame 300 around an axis, so that the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are connected, and the second back plate 220 can rotate around an axis, so that the first state and the second state of the chair back 200 are realized. Two fixing frames 300 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second back plate 220, and in another embodiment, three fixing frames 220 may be disposed to enhance the connection effect between the fixing frames 300 and the backrest 200.

Including round pin axle 400 in this embodiment, be equipped with shaft hole 340 on the second connecting plate 350, the quantity in shaft hole 340 can set up according to the quantity of second connecting plate 350, and round pin axle 400 wears to locate shaft hole 340, and shaft hole 340 can be equipped with two, and round pin axle 400 both ends are connected with each shaft hole 340 respectively to be fixed in round pin axle 400 on the second connecting plate 350, thereby further make second backplate 220 be connected with round pin axle 400, and second backplate 220 can rotate around the axis of round pin axle 400.

In order to enable the second back plate 220 to rotate freely, the fixing frame 300 is provided with the bending plates 330, as described above, the number of the bending plates 330 can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of the shaft holes 340, the bending plates 330 are bent in a direction away from the second back plate 220, when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are in the second separated state, the bending plates 330 have an accommodating space for accommodating at least the second back plate 220, and the bending plates 330 can also use a multi-link hinge, such as a four-link hinge or a six-link hinge.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a locking mechanism of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 6 is an exploded view of a locking mechanism of an emergency escape seat according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 7 is a schematic structural view showing a first locking member and a second locking member of an emergency escape seat provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are in the completely-assembled first state, in order to fix the second back plate 220 and prevent the chair back 200 from shaking, the present embodiment further includes a locking mechanism 500, the locking mechanism 500 includes a lock core assembly 510 and a lock body assembly 520, the lock core assembly 510 is fixed on the second back plate 220, the lock body assembly 520 is fixed on the vehicle, when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are in the completely-assembled first state, the lock core assembly 510 is locked with the lock body assembly 520, so as to fix the second back plate 220 and prevent the chair back 200 from shaking, and when the second state, the lock core assembly 510 is separated from the lock body assembly 520, the second back plate 220 can rotate in a direction toward the chair seat 100, so that the first back plate 210 and the first back plate 220 are completely folded, thereby eliminating the problem of the escape wind window after the chair back 200 is shielded, and allowing the passenger to escape quickly.

The plug assembly 510 includes a connection plate 511, the connection plate 511 is fixed on the second back plate 220, the connection plate 511 is provided with connection holes, the number of the connection holes is not limited, the connection plate 511 can be connected with the connection holes through a connection member to fix the connection plate 511 on the second back plate 220, in another embodiment, the connection plate 511 can also be welded on the second back plate 220, meanwhile, two sides of the connection plate 511 are respectively provided with a first support plate 512, a pair of first support plates 512 are separated from each other, and a shaft core 514 is inserted between the pair of first support plates, the length of the shaft core 514 is not less than the distance between the pair of first support plates 512, the first support plates 512 can be metal plates, each first support plate 512 is provided with a shaft core hole 513, and the shaft core 514 is inserted into the shaft core.

The lock body component 520 comprises a pair of second support plates 521 and a connecting shaft 526 which are oppositely arranged, the second support plates 521 can be metal plates, mounting holes 527 are formed in each second support plate 521, the number of the mounting holes 527 and the mounting positions are not limited, the connecting shaft 526 is arranged in a penetrating mode in the mounting holes 527 to connect the second support plates 521, the number of the mounting shafts 526 can be flexibly designed according to the number of the mounting holes 527, the mounting shafts 526 can be connected to the mounting holes 527 in a threaded mode, and the mounting shafts 526 can also be welded to the mounting holes 527.

A pair of second support plates 521 are provided with a first locker 522, a second locker 523, a pull ring 524, and a spring 525 therebetween. Be equipped with bulge 3 on the first retaining member 522, second retaining member 523 is equipped with depressed part 4, and bulge 3 and 4 meshing of depressed part are connected, and first retaining member 522 and second retaining member 523 can rotate around the meshing point, and all welded on first retaining member 522 and the second retaining member 523 has the bolt, and the bolt can be passed and locate the connecting hole on each second backup pad 521, and the rethread nut is fixed in on each second backup pad 521. The second locking member 523 is provided with a locking hook 5, the locking hook 5 is in a hook shape, the hook shape forms a concave space, when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are in the first state of complete split, the shaft core 514 is in the concave space, and the locking hook 5 clamps the shaft core 514, so as to lock the lock core assembly 510 and the lock body assembly 520.

Still be equipped with first couple 1 on the first retaining member 522, still be equipped with second couple 2 on the second retaining member 523, the spring 525 both ends are connected respectively in first couple 1 and second couple 2, the distance between first couple 1 and the second couple 2 equals length under the spring 525 natural state, when the spring 525 is in natural state, bulge 3 and depressed part 4 complete meshing, axle core 514 is in the concave space, locking hook 5 presss from both sides tight axle core 414 to with lock core subassembly 510 and lock body subassembly 520 closure, first backplate 210 and second backplate 220 are in the first state of complete amalgamation. The spring 525 can adopt a spring adopted in the technical field, the spring is a mechanical part which works by utilizing elasticity, a part made of elastic materials deforms under the action of external force, and returns to an original state (natural state) after the external force is removed, the part is generally made of spring steel, the types of the springs are complex and various, and the springs are divided into shapes, mainly comprising a spiral spring, a volute spiral spring, a plate spring, a special-shaped spring and the like.

The pull ring 524 comprises a pull rod 6 and an operation part 7, the pull rod 6 forms an included angle of 90 degrees, the operation part 7 is arranged at one end of the pull rod 6, and the operation part 7 can be round or square. The first locking member 522 is provided with a pull rod hole 8, one end of the pull rod 6, which is far away from the operating part 7, sequentially penetrates through the second support plate 521 and the first locking member 522 and is fixed in the pull rod hole 8, and the pull rod 6 can be welded in the pull rod hole 8. When a passenger needs to escape in an emergency, the passenger can rotate the pulling ring 424 through the operating part 7 to make the pulling ring 524 perform a rotational motion, because the pulling ring 524 is fixed in the pulling ring hole 8 of the first locking member 522, the first locking member 522 also performs a rotational motion along with the pulling ring, because the protrusion 3 of the first locking member 522 is in a meshed connection with the recess 4 of the second locking member 523, the movement of the protrusion 3 of the first locking member 522 drives the movement of the recess 4 of the second locking member 523, so that the second locking member 523 performs a rotational motion, and when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are in the first state of being completely spliced, the shaft core 514 is located in the recess space, the shaft core 514 is clamped by the locking hook 5, and when the second locking member 523 performs a rotational motion, the locking hook 5 also moves along with the shaft core 514, so that the lock body 520 releases the shaft core 514, and the lock body assembly 510 is separated from the lock body assembly 520, the second plate 220 can rotate relative to the first plate 210 in a direction toward the seat 100, and finally the first plate 210 and the second plate 220 are separated to a second state of being completely folded. Similarly, when the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 need to be in the completely-spliced first state, the second back plate 220 can rotate relative to the first back plate 210 in a direction away from the seat 100, so that the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are completely spliced, the shaft core 514 is arranged in the recessed space of the locking hook body 5, the pull ring 524 rotates through the operating part 7, the pull ring 524 rotates, the first locking member 522 drives the second locking member 523 to rotate, the protruding part 3 and the recessed part 4 are completely engaged, the shaft core 514 is clamped by the locking hook body 5, and finally the first state that the first back plate 210 and the second back plate 220 are completely spliced is achieved.

In this embodiment, the groove 600 is formed in the second backboard 220, the groove 600 is formed in one side of the second backboard 220 departing from the seat 100, the size and the number of the groove 600 are not limited, when a passenger needs to escape urgently, the passenger rotates the pull ring 524 to release the shaft core 514 from the locking hook body 5, the lock core component 510 is separated from the lock body component 520, and further the second backboard 220 is rotated to separate the second backboard 220 from the second backboard 210, and the second backboard 220 rotates towards the seat 100 relative to the first backboard 210, and finally the second backboard 220 is completely folded with the second backboard 210, so that the problem that the escape window is shielded by the chair back 200 can be solved, and the passenger can step on the groove 600 to quickly reach the escape window, and further the purpose of quick escape is achieved.

The embodiment of the application also provides an automobile which comprises the emergency escape seat, wherein the emergency escape seat comprises a seat base 100, a seat back 200 and a bottom frame. The seat 100 is fixed to be set up on the chassis, and back of the chair 200 includes first backplate 210 and second backplate 220, and first backplate 210 is connected with seat 100, and second backplate 220 rotates with the one end that first backplate 210 deviates from seat 100 to be connected, and second backplate 220 is configured as the direction rotation that can first backplate 210 to orientation or deviate from seat 100 relatively to make second backplate 220 have the first state with first backplate 210 amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate 210 separation. Among the prior art, back row seat back and headrest have great sheltering from to the export, the passenger can't directly flee through the back wind window, so in the process of fleing need pull out the headrest earlier, then the climbing strides across the seat back and flees, because this operation needs certain skill and strength, simultaneously because back wind window flees for one's life mouthful difference in height and generally is greater than 1000mm, exceed the height that general personnel can stride across, personnel need can flee through the climbing, there is great difficulty to the personnel and the weak crowd that are unfamiliar with the vehicle, can't guarantee effectively flee under emergency. Meanwhile, the headrest is disassembled and climbed for a long time, so that precious escape time is delayed, the escape efficiency is reduced, and the efficient escape requirement cannot be met. The second backboard 220 of the application is configured to be capable of rotating towards or away from the seat 100 relative to the first backboard 210, so that the second backboard 220 has a first state of being spliced with the first backboard 210 and a second state of being separated from the first backboard 210, when a passenger normally uses the chair, the first backboard 210 and the second backboard 220 are completely spliced into the first state, when emergency escape is needed, the first backboard 210 and the second backboard 220 can be quickly separated into the second state of being completely folded, the problem that the escape wind window is shielded by the chair back 200 can be solved, the passenger does not need to climb over the chair back, precious escape time can be saved, and escape efficiency is improved.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An emergency escape seat, comprising:

the chair seat is fixedly arranged;

the back of the chair, including first backplate and second backplate, first backplate with the seat support is connected, the second backplate with first backplate deviates from the one end of seat support rotates to be connected, the second backplate is configured to can be relative first backplate is to orientation or deviate from the direction of seat support rotates, so that the second backplate have with the first state of first backplate amalgamation, and with the second state of first backplate separation.

2. An emergency escape seat according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing frame, wherein the first back plate is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing frame, and the second back plate is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixing frame around an axis.

3. An emergency escape seat according to claim 2, wherein there are two fixing frames, and the two fixing frames are respectively disposed on two sides of the second back plate.

4. An emergency escape seat according to claim 2, further comprising a pin shaft, wherein a shaft hole is formed at one end of the fixing frame connected with the second back plate, the pin shaft penetrates through the shaft hole, and the second back plate is connected with the pin shaft.

5. An emergency escape seat according to claim 2, wherein the fixing frame is disposed opposite to the second back plate, and the fixing frame is bent in a direction away from the second back plate, so as to form a receiving space for at least partially receiving the second back plate at a joint of the first back plate and the second back plate.

6. An emergency escape seat according to claim 1, further comprising a locking mechanism, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a lock core assembly and a lock body assembly, the lock core assembly is fixed on the second back plate, the lock body assembly is fixedly arranged, in the first state, the lock core assembly is locked with the lock body assembly, and in the second state, the lock core assembly is separated from the lock body assembly.

7. An emergency escape seat according to claim 6, wherein said plug assembly comprises:

the connecting plate is fixed on the second back plate;

the supporting plates comprise a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the connecting plate;

the shaft core is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate.

8. An emergency escape seat according to claim 6, wherein the lock body assembly comprises:

the lock body assembly comprises a first locking piece and a second locking piece, wherein the first locking piece is rotatably connected with the second locking piece at one end, and the first locking piece and the second locking piece are configured to be capable of rotating towards directions which depart from or approach each other at the other end, so that the lock body assembly releases the shaft core or clamps the shaft core.

9. An emergency escape chair according to claim 1, wherein the second back plate further comprises a groove, and the groove is formed on a side of the second back plate facing away from the seat.

10. An automobile, characterized by comprising an emergency escape seat according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

the seat is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame.