CN112497861A - Long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric - Google Patents

Long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112497861A
CN112497861A CN202011505656.0A CN202011505656A CN112497861A CN 112497861 A CN112497861 A CN 112497861A CN 202011505656 A CN202011505656 A CN 202011505656A CN 112497861 A CN112497861 A CN 112497861A
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flame
solution
gel layer
retardant
fabric
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刘家浩
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
    • D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with organometallic compounds; with organic compounds containing boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium atoms
    • D06M13/51—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond
    • D06M13/513—Compounds with at least one carbon-metal or carbon-boron, carbon-silicon, carbon-selenium, or carbon-tellurium bond with at least one carbon-silicon bond
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/07—Cellulose esters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/12—Gel
    • B32B2266/126—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/212—Electromagnetic interference shielding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric, which comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics, and the composite fabric can be prepared in a hot melt adhesive compounding mode. The invention discloses a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric and a processing technology thereof, the process design is reasonable, the operation is simple, the prepared composite fabric is a structure that two layers of flame-retardant fabrics wrap a gel layer, the composite fabric has excellent mechanical property, flame-retardant property and electromagnetic shielding property, can be widely applied to various fields, and has higher practicability.

Description

Long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fabric processing, in particular to a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric.
Background
With the development and progress of social economy, the textile industry is continuously developed and developed, cotton fabric is taken as natural fabric with wider application in textiles, the natural fabric is popular with consumers due to the advantages of heat preservation, ultrahigh air permeability, comfort and the like, but the cotton fabric is extremely easy to burn, and fire easily happens carelessly when the natural fabric is used, so that the natural fabric becomes a research hotspot for improving the flame retardant property of the cotton fabric.
At present, the treatment process of the flame-retardant cotton fabric is complex, the steps are multiple, the flame-retardant performance of the prepared cotton fabric still cannot meet the requirements of people, and along with the deep research, the improvement of the electromagnetic shielding performance of the cotton fabric is one of the directions needed to be researched and developed by people.
Aiming at the problem, a long-acting flame-retardant anti-puncture anti-radiation composite fabric and a processing technology thereof are designed, which are one of the technical problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the long-acting flame-retardant anti-puncture anti-radiation composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1.
the invention discloses a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric and a processing technology thereof, wherein the long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics, the composite fabric can be prepared in a hot melt adhesive compounding mode, the flame-retardant fabric is obtained after surface treatment of cotton fabrics by a layer-by-layer self-assembly method, the flame-retardant effect can be effectively achieved, and the gel layer is prepared by utilizing the flame-retardant property and the electromagnetic shielding property of graphene oxide to obtain graphene aerogel.
According to an optimized scheme, the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 20-30 parts of pretreatment solution, 40-50 parts of cotton linters, 6-10 parts of graphene oxide, 14-18 parts of pyrrole and 15-20 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The gel layer comprises components such as pretreatment solution, cotton linter, graphene oxide and the like, and can generate polarization effect because the graphene oxide has rich functional groups on the surface and edge defects, the conductivity and the lamellar structure of the graphene are restored after the chemical reduction, so that more transmission paths can be provided for electrons, so that the composite material has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, therefore, the hydrogel with a hierarchical porous structure is prepared by graphene oxide, hydrogen peroxide and pyrrole through a one-step hydrothermal method, in the hydrothermal reaction process, hydrogen peroxide can etch the surface of the graphene oxide to generate a nano-scale pore channel, and pyrrole can induce the volume expansion of the graphene oxide, so as to obtain the graphene hydrogel with a hierarchical porous structure, and then obtaining the graphene aerogel with a multilevel porous structure by freeze drying;
when the electromagnetic wave incides the surface of graphite alkene aerogel, a small part electromagnetic wave can be reflected out, and inside most electromagnetic wave can enter into the aerogel, the electromagnetic wave that enters into the aerogel inside can carry out multiple reflection between this kind of graphite alkene that has multi-level pore structure, and then most electromagnetic wave can be lost at last, and this graphite alkene aerogel can effectively play the electromagnetic shield effect.
Simultaneously because graphite oxide has good separation effect and the ability of catalyzing into carbon, can form three-dimensional network structure with cellulose intertwine, influence the nucleation and the ice crystal growth of compound aerogel of cellulose, further richen the porous structure on aerogel surface, when compound surface fabric burning, graphite oxide's barrier and catalysis carbonization can form stable black charcoal layer on the surface of gel layer, the gel layer is in coordination with the effect of fire-retardant surface fabric, very big improvement the flame retardant property of compound surface fabric.
According to an optimized scheme, the flame-retardant fabric is prepared from cotton fabrics, a modified cellulose solution, a sodium phytate solution, a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution and a chitosan solution.
According to an optimized scheme, the modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-17 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of lignin fiber, 15-18 parts of phosphoric acid, 20-25 parts of sodium hydroxide and 20-30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
According to an optimized scheme, the pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: (1.5-2): (10-12).
The flame-retardant fabric comprises cotton fabric, a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution and other components, wherein in the treatment process, a modified cellulose solution anion solution is prepared from phosphoric acid and lignin fiber, a chitosan cation solution is prepared from chitosan, and the modified cellulose solution anion solution and the chitosan cation solution are assembled on the surface of the cotton fiber by a layer-by-layer self-assembly method to form a stable coating; when the cotton fabric is ignited, a large amount of polyphosphoric acid is generated when the phosphorized cellulose is thermally decomposed, chitosan and the cotton fabric on the surface of the cotton fabric can be greatly promoted to dehydrate and form carbon to form an expanded carbon layer, and oxygen and heat are isolated, so that the cotton fabric is prevented from being further decomposed.
3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is easy to hydrolyze under acidic condition, and generate corresponding polycation of silanol condensation compound, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane hydrolysate can be tightly combined on the surface of cotton fabric after layer-by-layer self-assembly treatment, so that the flame retardant property of the cotton fabric is improved; the sodium phytate has excellent chelating capacity on metal cations, can be combined with acidified 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, and further forms a stable coating on the surface of the cotton fabric; when the cotton fabric is ignited, the sodium phytate contains a large amount of phosphate groups and can be used as an acid source, the cellulose of the cotton fabric can be used as a carbon source, the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane hydrolysate can be used as a gas source, and the three synergistically act to form an expanded carbon layer, so that mass transfer and heat transfer between the cotton fabric and the outside are effectively prevented, the release of combustible gas in the thermal degradation process of the cotton fabric is reduced, the combustion of the cotton fabric is prevented, and the flame retardant property of the fabric is further improved.
The 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane hydrolysate and the sodium phytate are synergistically crosslinked on the surface of the cotton fiber to form a film, so that the surface defect of the cotton fabric can be effectively eliminated, stress concentration is reduced, and the mechanical property of the flame-retardant fabric is further improved.
According to an optimized scheme, the processing technology of the long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing anti-radiation composite fabric comprises the following preparation steps of:
(I) preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
(II) taking a gel layer, flatly paving the gel layer on a dispensing machine, dispensing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by a pressure roller, and curing for 24-48 h;
and (III) turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step (II) to obtain the composite fabric of the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top.
According to an optimized scheme, the preparation steps of the flame-retardant fabric comprise:
1) taking urea, stirring the urea at the temperature of 140-;
2) taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 3-4 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
3) taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 30-40min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 10-15min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 30-35min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 5-8min, washing and drying;
4) and 3) repeating the step 3) for 4-5 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric.
In an optimized scheme, the preparation step of the gel layer comprises the following steps:
a) taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 10-15min, and pre-freezing for 30-40min at 12-14 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution;
b) taking cotton velvet, tearing the cotton velvet into a fluffy state, placing the cotton velvet into a pretreatment solution, stirring for 5-8min, and shearing for 20-25min through a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
c) mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 20-30min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 10-15min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6-6.5h at the temperature of 180 ℃ plus 185 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 10-20min, placing in deionized water for soaking for 10-12h, precooling for 24-26h after soaking, and placing in a vacuum drying box for drying for 48h to obtain a gel layer.
In an optimized scheme, in the step c), the drying temperature of the vacuum drying oven is-50 ℃.
In the step (II), the rolling pressure of the pressure roller is 6-8kPa during rolling, and the rolling temperature is 90-100 DEG C
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the flame-retardant fabric is prepared, firstly, urea, lignocellulose and phosphoric acid are used for preparing phosphorized cellulose (modified cellulose solution), the woven and processed cotton fabric is sequentially soaked in the chitosan solution, the modified cellulose solution, the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution and the sodium phytate solution, the surface of the cotton fabric can be treated by a layer-by-layer self-assembly method, and the flame-retardant fabric with excellent flame-retardant performance is prepared; and then, hydrogen peroxide, graphene oxide, pyrrole and other components are reacted to prepare the graphene aerogel, the graphene aerogel utilizes the flame retardant property and the electromagnetic shielding property of the graphene oxide, and the prepared gel layer also has excellent flame retardant property and electromagnetic shielding property.
The invention discloses a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric and a processing technology thereof, the process design is reasonable, the operation is simple, the prepared composite fabric is a structure that two layers of flame-retardant fabrics wrap a gel layer, the composite fabric has excellent mechanical property, flame-retardant property and electromagnetic shielding property, can be widely applied to various fields, and has higher practicability.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
s1: preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
s2: taking a gel layer, spreading the gel layer on a dispensing machine, performing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive dispensing on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying a flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by using a pressure roller, wherein the rolling pressure is 6kPa during the rolling by using the pressure roller, the rolling temperature is 90 ℃, and curing for 24 hours;
s3: and turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step S2 to obtain the composite fabric comprising the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top.
(1) The preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: taking urea, stirring at 140 ℃ until the urea is molten, sequentially adding lignin fiber and phosphoric acid, stirring for 10min, heating to 150 ℃, reacting for 5h, collecting solid materials, placing the solid materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10min, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating to obtain a modified cellulose solution;
s2: taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 3 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
s3: taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 30min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 10min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 30min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 5min, washing and drying;
s4: and S3, repeating for 4 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric.
(2) The preparation step of the gel layer comprises:
taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 10min, and pre-freezing for 30min at 12 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution; taking cotton linters, tearing the cotton linters into fluffy state, placing the cotton linters in a pretreatment solution, stirring for 5min, and shearing for 20min by a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 20min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 10min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6h at 180 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 10min, placing in deionized water for soaking for 10h, precooling for 24h after soaking, placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 48h, wherein the drying temperature of the vacuum drying oven is-50 ℃, and obtaining a gel layer.
In the embodiment, the composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1.
wherein the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 20 parts of pretreatment solution, 40 parts of cotton linters, 6 parts of graphene oxide, 14 parts of pyrrole and 15 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 15 parts of urea, 2 parts of lignin fiber, 15 parts of phosphoric acid, 20 parts of sodium hydroxide and 20 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
The pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: 1.5: 10.
example 2:
s1: preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
s2: taking a gel layer, spreading the gel layer on a dispensing machine, performing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive dispensing on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying a flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by a pressure roller, wherein the rolling pressure is 7kPa when the pressure roller rolls, the rolling temperature is 95 ℃, and curing for 30 hours;
s3: and turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step S2 to obtain the composite fabric comprising the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top.
(1) The preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: taking urea, stirring the urea at 142 ℃ until the urea is molten, sequentially adding lignin fiber and phosphoric acid, stirring for 13min, heating to 151 ℃, reacting for 5.2h, collecting solid materials, placing the solid materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 13min, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating to obtain a modified cellulose solution;
s2: taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 3 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
s3: taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 34min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 12min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 33min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 6min, washing and drying;
s4: and S3, repeating for 4 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric.
(2) The preparation step of the gel layer comprises:
taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 12min, and pre-freezing for 34min at 13 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution; taking cotton linters, tearing the cotton linters into fluffy state, placing the cotton linters in a pretreatment solution, stirring for 6min, and shearing for 24min by a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 25min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 12min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6.2h at 182 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 12min, placing in deionized water for soaking for 11h, precooling for 25h after soaking, placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 48h, wherein the drying temperature of the vacuum drying oven is-50 ℃, and obtaining a gel layer.
In the embodiment, the composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1.
wherein the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 23 parts of pretreatment solution, 43 parts of cotton linter, 8 parts of graphene oxide, 15 parts of pyrrole and 17 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 16 parts of urea, 3 parts of lignin fiber, 16 parts of phosphoric acid, 23 parts of sodium hydroxide and 24 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
The pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: 1.8: 11.
example 3:
s1: preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
s2: taking a gel layer, spreading the gel layer on a dispensing machine, performing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive dispensing on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying a flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by using a pressure roller, wherein the rolling pressure is 7kPa during rolling by using the pressure roller, the rolling temperature is 98 ℃, and curing for 45 hours;
s3: and turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step S2 to obtain the composite fabric comprising the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top.
(1) The preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: taking urea, stirring the urea at 144 ℃ until the urea is molten, sequentially adding lignin fiber and phosphoric acid, stirring for 14min, heating to 153 ℃, reacting for 5.3h, collecting solid materials, placing the solid materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 14min, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating to obtain a modified cellulose solution;
s2: taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 4 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
s3: taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 38min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 14min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 34min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 7min, washing and drying;
s4: and S3 is repeated for 5 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric.
(2) The preparation step of the gel layer comprises:
taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 14min, and pre-freezing for 38min at 13 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution; taking cotton linters, tearing the cotton linters into fluffy state, placing the cotton linters in a pretreatment solution, stirring for 7min, and shearing for 24min by a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 28min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 14min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6.3h at 184 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 18min, placing in deionized water, soaking for 11h, precooling for 25h, placing in a vacuum drying oven, drying for 48h, and drying at-50 ℃ in the vacuum drying oven to obtain a gel layer.
In the embodiment, the composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1.
wherein the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: 28 parts of pretreatment solution, 47 parts of cotton linters, 9 parts of graphene oxide, 16 parts of pyrrole and 19 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 16 parts of urea, 3 parts of lignin fiber, 17 parts of phosphoric acid, 24 parts of sodium hydroxide and 28 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
The pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: 1.9: 11.
example 4:
s1: preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
s2: taking a gel layer, spreading the gel layer on a dispensing machine, performing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive dispensing on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying a flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by using a pressure roller, wherein the rolling pressure is 8kPa during rolling by using the pressure roller, the rolling temperature is 100 ℃, and curing for 48 hours;
s3: and turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step S2 to obtain the composite fabric comprising the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top.
(1) The preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: taking urea, stirring the urea at 145 ℃ until the urea is molten, then sequentially adding lignin fiber and phosphoric acid, stirring the mixture for 15min, heating the mixture to 155 ℃, reacting the mixture for 5.5h, collecting solid materials, placing the solid materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring the mixture for 15min, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating the mixture to obtain a modified cellulose solution;
s2: taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 4 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
s3: taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 40min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 15min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 35min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 8min, washing and drying;
s4: and S3 is repeated for 5 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric.
(2) The preparation step of the gel layer comprises:
taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 15min, and pre-freezing for 40min at 14 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution; taking cotton linters, tearing the cotton linters into fluffy state, placing the cotton linters in a pretreatment solution, stirring for 8min, and shearing for 25min by a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 30min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 15min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6.5h at 185 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 20min, placing in deionized water for soaking for 12h, precooling for 26h after soaking, placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 48h, wherein the drying temperature of the vacuum drying oven is-50 ℃, and obtaining a gel layer.
In the embodiment, the composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1.
wherein the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 30 parts of pretreatment solution, 50 parts of cotton linters, 10 parts of graphene oxide, 18 parts of pyrrole and 20 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials: by weight, 17 parts of urea, 4 parts of lignin fiber, 18 parts of phosphoric acid, 25 parts of sodium hydroxide and 30 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
The pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: 2: 12.
experiment 1: vertical burning test
The composite fabrics prepared in the examples 1-4 are respectively taken, the sizes are 300mm multiplied by 80mm, a vertical combustion test is carried out by a vertical combustion tester (model CZF-2), the fuel gas is propane gas, the test is determined by referring to GB/T5455-1997 textile combustion performance test vertical method, and the sample is placed in an air-blast drier with the temperature of 60 ℃ for 30 min. The test was carried out in an atmosphere at 20 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60%. The ignition time was set to 5s and the whole combustion process was recorded with a digital camera.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Experiment 2: mechanical properties
The tensile breaking strength and the breaking elongation of the composite fabric prepared in the examples 1 to 4 are respectively measured by a YG028 type universal material testing machine according to the requirements of GB/T3923.1-1997, wherein the width of the composite fabric sample is 50mm, the holding length is 200mm, the pretension is 5N, the inching speed is 100mm/min, the testing speed is 100mm/min, and each sample is subjected to five times of averaging.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Experiment 3: electromagnetic shielding
The composite fabrics prepared in examples 1 to 4 were respectively taken, and electromagnetic shielding tests were performed on the fabric samples, with test wavelength bands of 8.2 to 12.4GHz, to obtain the following results:
the electromagnetic wave of example 1 had an electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 53dB, the electromagnetic wave of example 2 had an electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 51dB, the electromagnetic wave of example 3 had an electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 52dB, and the electromagnetic wave of example 4 had an electromagnetic shielding efficiency of 49 dB.
And (4) conclusion: the invention discloses a long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric and a processing technology thereof.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (1)

1. The long-acting flame-retardant anti-piercing radiation-proof composite fabric is characterized in that: the composite fabric comprises two layers of flame-retardant fabrics and a gel layer, wherein the gel layer is positioned between the two layers of flame-retardant fabrics; the thickness of the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric is 2: 1;
the gel layer comprises the following raw materials: 28 parts of pretreatment solution, 47 parts of cotton linters, 9 parts of graphene oxide, 16 parts of pyrrole and 19 parts of hydrogen peroxide.
The flame-retardant fabric is prepared from cotton fabric, a modified cellulose solution, a sodium phytate solution, a 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution and a chitosan solution;
the modified cellulose solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: by weight, 16 parts of urea, 3 parts of lignin fiber, 17 parts of phosphoric acid, 24 parts of sodium hydroxide and 28 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol.
The pretreatment solution comprises sodium hydroxide, urea and water, wherein the volume ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the urea to the water is 1: 1.9: 11;
the preparation method of the composite fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a flame-retardant fabric and a gel layer for later use;
s2: taking a gel layer, spreading the gel layer on a dispensing machine, performing flame-retardant hot melt adhesive dispensing on the upper surface of the gel layer through a dispensing roller, laying a flame-retardant fabric on the gel layer, rolling by using a pressure roller, wherein the rolling pressure is 7kPa during rolling by using the pressure roller, the rolling temperature is 98 ℃, and curing for 45 hours;
s3: turning over the gel layer, flatly paving, and repeating the step S2 to obtain a composite fabric comprising the flame-retardant fabric, the gel layer and the flame-retardant fabric from bottom to top;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant fabric comprises the following steps:
s1: taking urea, stirring the urea at 144 ℃ until the urea is molten, sequentially adding lignin fiber and phosphoric acid, stirring for 14min, heating to 153 ℃, reacting for 5.3h, collecting solid materials, placing the solid materials into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 14min, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating to obtain a modified cellulose solution;
s2: taking a chitosan solution, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution A; taking a 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution, and regulating the pH to 4 by concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a solution B;
s3: taking a cotton fabric and the solution A, placing the cotton fabric in the solution A, soaking for 38min, washing and drying, then placing in a modified cellulose solution, soaking for 14min, washing and drying, then placing in the solution B, soaking for 34min, washing and drying, then placing in a sodium phytate solution, soaking for 7min, washing and drying;
s4: s3, repeating for 5 times to obtain the flame-retardant fabric;
the preparation step of the gel layer comprises:
taking sodium hydroxide, urea and water, stirring and mixing for 14min, and pre-freezing for 38min at 13 ℃ to obtain a pretreatment solution; taking cotton linters, tearing the cotton linters into fluffy state, placing the cotton linters in a pretreatment solution, stirring for 7min, and shearing for 24min by a shearing machine to obtain a material C;
mixing and stirring graphene oxide and pyrrole for 28min, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuously stirring for 14min, stirring, placing in a reaction kettle, reacting for 6.3h at 184 ℃, adding material C after reaction, stirring for 18min, placing in deionized water, soaking for 11h, precooling for 25h, placing in a vacuum drying oven, drying for 48h, and drying at-50 ℃ in the vacuum drying oven to obtain a gel layer.
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