CN112496485A - Positioning fixture for machining air film hole in shielding part of duplex block-cast guide blade and machining method of air film hole - Google Patents
Positioning fixture for machining air film hole in shielding part of duplex block-cast guide blade and machining method of air film hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN112496485A CN112496485A CN202011278092.1A CN202011278092A CN112496485A CN 112496485 A CN112496485 A CN 112496485A CN 202011278092 A CN202011278092 A CN 202011278092A CN 112496485 A CN112496485 A CN 112496485A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
- B23H11/003—Mounting of workpieces, e.g. working-tables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a positioning fixture for machining a gas film hole at a shielding part of a duplex block casting guide blade, which is used for designing a set of positioning fixture without reference conversion for machining gas film holes at a gas inlet side and a gas exhaust side by taking six points of a blade body as a reference according to the machining characteristics of parts, and machining a shielding area between two blades; the left blade air inlet side clamp and the right blade air inlet side clamp have the same structure; the left blade exhaust side clamp and the right blade exhaust side clamp are identical in structure. According to the invention, the machining of the air film hole at the interference part of the integral duplex guide blade of a certain machine is successfully completed by adopting a tool setting and track path avoiding feed mode outside the interference region and matching with a multi-axis vector machining method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining of turbine guide blades of aircraft engines, in particular to a positioning fixture for machining a gas film hole in a shielding part of a duplex block-cast guide blade and a machining method of the gas film hole.
Background
The turbine guide blade is a key pneumatic component of an aeroengine, in order to improve the overall performance of the engine, reduce air flow loss and improve structural strength in recent years, a duplex integral casting structure is added in a turbine guide blade family, the blade is not only complex in casting process, but also extremely high in difficulty of related processing technology of parts, wherein a gas film hole at a shielding part between flow channels of two adjacent blades cannot be processed by adopting a traditional electric spark punching machine (see figure 1) due to narrow processing section and multiple interference points.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the positioning fixture for processing the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block-cast guide blade and the processing method of the air film hole have the following specific technical scheme:
a positioning fixture for machining a gas film hole at a shielding part of a duplex block casting guide blade is designed according to the part machining characteristics, a set of positioning fixture which is used for machining gas film holes at a gas inlet side and a gas exhaust side by taking six points of a blade body as a reference and can machine a shielding area between two blades without reference conversion is designed, the positioning fixture comprises a left blade gas inlet side fixture, a right blade gas inlet side fixture, a left blade gas exhaust side fixture, a right blade gas exhaust side fixture and a fast avoidance motor holder, and two sets of fixtures and electrode holders are required to be matched for machining different hole positions;
the left blade air inlet side clamp and the right blade air inlet side clamp are identical in structure;
the left blade exhaust side clamp and the right blade exhaust side clamp are identical in structure.
The preferred scheme of the positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block-cast guide blade is that the left blade air inlet side fixture comprises a support frame, a bottom plate, a rotary positioning block, a rotary supporting block, an air inlet edge positioning block, a supporting block b, a pressure rod, an upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block, a positioning pin a, a supporting block a, a stop pin, a movable air inlet edge positioning block, a stop block, a knurled screw a, a knurled screw b, a positioning process ball, a light support a, an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw and a cylindrical pin A type;
the support frame is of a general L shape and is used for processing an air film hole on the upper edge plate side;
fixing the bottom plate on the support frame through screws; the rotary supporting block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw and a cylindrical pin A type, the rotary positioning block is rotated through the cylindrical pin A type, positioning is realized through a stop pin, angular positioning of the blade is realized in a pressing state, and a detachable function is realized through a knurled screw after positioning is finished;
the air inlet edge positioning block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw and a cylindrical pin A type, and the movable air inlet edge positioning block is fixed on the air inlet edge positioning block 5 through a stop block and a screw, so that the axial positioning function of the blade is realized;
the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw and a cylindrical pin A type, and the positioning pin a is fixed on the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block to realize the radial positioning function of the blade;
the light support a is fixed on the bottom plate and has an auxiliary support function on the blade, the support block a and the support block b are fixed on the bottom plate through the hexagon socket head cap screws, and the pressing plate a compresses the blade through the knurled screws;
the positioning process ball is fixed on the bottom plate and used when the clamp is used for centering.
The preferred scheme of the positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block-cast guide blade is that the left blade exhaust side fixture comprises a chassis, a process ball, a thin nut, an adjusting support, a pressing plate B, a star bolt, a light support B, a support, a star bolt, a turnover positioning seat, a screw a, a pin a, a positioning sample plate A, a positioning sample plate B, a pressing support, a screw B, a section positioning block, a positioning pin support and a pin B;
the support frame used on the left blade exhaust side clamp is the same as the support frame on the left blade air inlet side clamp;
the chassis is fixed on the support frame through screws; the method is used for processing the air film hole on the lower flange side;
the process ball pin is fixed on the chassis and used when the clamp aligns the center;
the support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin a, the turnover positioning seat is installed on the support, the rotation function is realized through the pin, and the fixing function is realized through the star-shaped bolt;
the positioning sample plate A and the positioning sample plate B are fixed on the turnover positioning seat through a screw a and a pin a, and the blade is axially positioned;
the section positioning block is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin a, so that the angular positioning function of the blade is realized;
the positioning pin support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin b, and the positioning pin b is fixed on the positioning pin support to realize the radial positioning function of the blade;
the pressing support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b, the light support is fixed on the chassis and the pressing support and used for assisting in positioning of parts, and the blade pressing mechanism is formed by the star-shaped bolt, the adjusting support, the thin nut and the pressing plate, so that the function of pressing the blade is achieved.
A processing pair is connected whole and is cast positioning fixture that guide vane sheltered from position air film hole, its preferred scheme is that anchor clamps six point location sets up: processing a clamp for shielding the air film hole at the exhaust side of the left blade, designing D1, F1, D2 and F2 as movable air inlet side positioning blocks of fixed points, designing a positioning point J1 as a rotary positioning block of a detachable structure, and designing a positioning point B1 as a positioning pin a of the fixed positioning point; the air film hole blocking clamps D1, F1, D2 and F2 on the air inlet side are designed into a positioning sample plate A and a positioning sample plate B of a detachable structure, and the positioning point J1 and the positioning point B1 are designed into a positioning point section positioning block and a positioning pin B.
The preferable scheme of the positioning fixture for processing the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block casting guide blade is that the upper end of the quick avoiding motor holder is provided with a wire passing hole, and the wire passing hole is processed by a small hole machine according to a design angle.
A method for processing a gas film hole at a shielding part of a duplex block casting guide vane,
step 1: sequentially mounting a left blade air inlet side clamp, a right blade air inlet side clamp, a left blade exhaust side clamp and a right blade exhaust side clamp on equipment, and fixing the equipment through fastening screws after the equipment passes through a right side aligning surface aligning clamp; when the upper and lower edge plates are machined, the L-shaped support body is fixed on equipment, then the fixture body is fixed on the L-shaped support frame, and the fixture is aligned; six points of the first clamping are in full contact, the secondary contact of the detachable structure points still ensures the contact without causing the workpiece to be crushed is the key of the clamping of the clamp, the position of the positioning block is adjusted or fixed, a balance point is found, and the blade is compressed by the compression block;
step 2: punching a hole on the quick avoidance electrode holder by using a small hole machine, then installing the electrode wire on the electrode holder, and leveling the electrode surface by using linear cutting equipment;
and step 3: the method comprises the following steps that a fast avoidance electrode holder is installed on equipment, each air film hole in an interference area has an upper air film hole angle and a lower air film hole angle in opposite directions, two electrode holders are required to be designed for each air film hole, and a wire penetrating hole angle designed on each electrode holder is required to be consistent with the air film hole angle;
in the machining process, the machining electrode is arranged on the electrode holder, the length of the whole row of electrodes is inconsistent after the installation is finished, the wire electrode angle needs to be designed according to the leaf profile, the electrode is cut off by using linear cutting, and the theoretical inlet angle of the electrode is ensured;
in the row electrode trial machining process, the electrodes are trimmed again according to the discharge condition of the whole row of electrodes, so that all the electrodes are ensured to be simultaneously contacted with parts during machining, and the influence of uneven electrode discharge on the machining quality of the gas film hole is avoided;
and 4, step 4: installing a blade, removing the detachable structure, placing a part into the fixture, fixing the detachable positioning structure, detecting a six-point contact part after the part is fixed, detaching and fixing the detachable positioning mechanism again, and detecting the six-point contact part;
and 5: starting a machining program to perform trial machining, and adjusting the length of the row electrodes according to the trial machining condition;
step 6: formally processing the electrode after adjustment, and adjusting processing parameters and a feed track to ensure the processing quality of the air film hole;
and 7: after one side of the same exhaust film hole is machined, replacing the electrode with another angle, and performing formal machining after alignment and trial machining to complete the machining of the exhaust film hole;
and 8: processing the air film holes in the interference area of the left blade according to the step 2-7, and detaching the parts after finishing the air film holes in all the interference areas;
and step 9: the electrode holder is replaced after the part is fixed, so that the position consistency of the air film hole can be ensured, and the processing quality is improved;
step 10: and after the aperture size and the position degree of the processed air film hole are detected to be qualified, the tool is dismounted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, by designing different processing clamps, the tool setting and track path avoiding feed mode outside the integral casting interference region is solved;
2) the invention solves the problems that the electrode plates of the air film holes in different rows and different positions are frequently replaced and repeatedly positioned with low precision and the overall processing efficiency is influenced by using the rapid avoidance electrode holder;
3) by optimizing a reasonable processing scheme, adopting a tool setting and track path avoiding feed mode outside an interference region and matching with a multi-axis vector processing method, the problem of processing the air film hole at the interference part of the integral duplex guide blade of a certain machine is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of a masked gas film hole machining area;
FIG. 2 is a view of a blade positioning structure;
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a left blade air inlet side fixture structure a;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the left blade air inlet side fixture;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the structure of A-A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a drawing of a left blade air inlet side fixture structure b;
FIG. 7 is a view showing the structure of a jig on the exhaust side of the left blade;
FIG. 8 is a side view of the left vane exhaust side clamp;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a fast avoidance motor holder configuration;
fig. 10 is a view showing an electrode holding portion.
In the figure, 1, a bracket 2, a bottom plate 3, a rotary positioning block 4, a rotary supporting block 5, an air inlet edge positioning block 6, a supporting block B7, a pressing plate a 8, an upper edge plate positioning pin supporting block 9, a positioning pin a10, a supporting block a 11, a stop pin 12, a movable air inlet edge positioning block 13, a stop 14, a knurled screw 15, a knurled screw 16, a positioning process ball 17, a light support a18, an inner hexagonal socket head screw 19, a cylindrical pin A type 21, a chassis 22, a process ball 23, a thin nut 24, an adjusting support 25, a pressing plate B26, a star bolt 27, a light support B28, a support 29, a star bolt 30, an overturning positioning seat 31, a screw a32, a pin a33, a positioning template A34, a positioning template B35, a pressing support 36, a screw B37, a section positioning, A positioning pin b 39, a positioning pin support 40, a pin b 50, a quick avoidance motor holder 51 and a wire passing hole.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 3-10, a set of positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block casting guide blade is designed according to the part machining characteristics, wherein the positioning fixture is used for machining the air film hole at the air inlet side and the air exhaust side by taking six points of the blade body as a reference, and machining a shielding area between two blades without reference conversion, and comprises a left blade air inlet side fixture, a right blade air inlet side fixture, a left blade air exhaust side fixture, a right blade air exhaust side fixture and a fast avoidance motor holder 50, and two sets of fixtures and electrode holders are matched for machining different hole sites;
the left blade air inlet side clamp and the right blade air inlet side clamp are identical in structure;
the left blade exhaust side clamp and the right blade exhaust side clamp are identical in structure.
The left blade air inlet side clamp comprises a support frame 1, a bottom plate 2, a rotary positioning block 3, a rotary supporting block 4, an air inlet side positioning block 5, a supporting block b6, a pressing rod 7, an upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block 8, a positioning pin a9, a supporting block a10, a stop pin 11, a movable air inlet side positioning block 12, a stop block 13, a knurled screw a14, a knurled screw b15, a positioning process ball 16, a light support a17, an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw 18 and a cylindrical pin A-shaped 19;
the support frame 1 is of a general L shape and is used for processing an air film hole on the upper edge plate side;
fixing the bottom plate 2 on the support frame 1 through screws; the rotary supporting block 4 is positioned on the bottom plate 2 through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw and a cylindrical pin A type, the rotary positioning block 3 is rotated through the cylindrical pin A19 type, positioning is realized through the stop pin 11, angular positioning of the blade is realized in a pressing state, and a detachable function is realized through the knurled screw 15 after positioning is finished;
the air inlet edge positioning block 5 is positioned on the bottom plate 2 through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw 18 and a cylindrical pin A-shaped 19, and the movable air inlet edge positioning block 12 is fixed on the air inlet edge positioning block 5 through a stop block 13 and a screw, so that the axial positioning function of the blade is realized;
the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block 8 is positioned on the bottom plate 2 through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw 1 and a cylindrical pin A-shaped 19, and a positioning pin a9 is fixed on the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block 8, so that the radial positioning function of the blade is realized;
the light support a17 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 to play an auxiliary support function for the blade, the support block a10 and the support block b6 are fixed on the bottom plate 2 through the hexagon socket head cap screws 18, and the pressure plate a7 compresses the blade through the knurled screws 14;
the positioning process ball 16 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 and is used when the clamp is used for centering.
The left blade exhaust side clamp comprises a chassis 21, a process ball 22, a thin nut 23, an adjusting support 24, a pressing plate B25, a star bolt 26, a light support B27, a support 28, a star bolt 29, an overturning positioning seat 30, a screw a31, a pin a32, a positioning template A33, a positioning template B34, a pressing support 35, a screw B36, a section positioning block 37, a positioning pin 38, a positioning pin support 39 and a pin B40;
the support frame used on the left blade exhaust side clamp is the same as the support frame on the left blade air inlet side clamp;
the chassis 21 is fixed on the support frame 1 through screws; the method is used for processing the air film hole on the lower flange side;
the process ball pin 22 is fixed on the chassis 21 and used when the clamp is used for centering;
the support 28 is fixed on the chassis 21 through a screw b26 and a pin a22, the turnover positioning seat 30 is installed on the support 28, the rotation function is realized through the pin 40, and the fixing function is realized through the star-shaped bolt 29;
the positioning template A33 and the positioning template B34 are fixed on the turnover positioning seat 30 through screws a31 and pins a32, and the positioning function of the blade is carried out in the axial direction;
the section positioning block 37 is fixed on the chassis 21 through a screw b36 and a pin a32, so that the angular positioning function of the blade is realized;
the positioning pin support 39 is fixed on the chassis 21 through a screw b36 and a pin b40, and the positioning pin b38 is fixed on the positioning pin support 39, so that the radial positioning function of the blade is realized;
the pressing support 35 is fixed on the chassis 21 through a screw b36, the light support 27 is fixed on the chassis 21 and the pressing support 35 and used for auxiliary positioning of parts, and the blade pressing mechanism is formed by the star-shaped bolt 26, the adjusting support 24, the thin nut 23 and the pressing plate 25 to realize the function of pressing the blade.
Six-point positioning of the clamp is as follows: processing a clamp for shielding the air film hole at the exhaust side of the left blade, designing D1, F1, D2 and F2 as movable air inlet edge positioning blocks 12 of fixed points, designing a positioning point J1 as a rotary positioning block 3 of a detachable structure, and designing a positioning point B1 as a positioning pin a9 of the fixed positioning point; the air film shielding hole clamps D1, F1, D2 and F2 on the air inlet side are processed to be designed into a positioning template A33 and a positioning template B34 which are of detachable structures, the positioning point J1 is arranged, and the positioning point B1 is designed into a positioning point section positioning block 37 and a positioning pin B38 which are fixed.
The upper end of the quick avoidance motor holder 50 is provided with a wire penetrating hole 51, and the wire penetrating hole 51 is processed by a small hole machine according to a design angle.
A method for processing a gas film hole at a shielding part of a duplex block casting guide vane,
step 1: sequentially mounting a left blade air inlet side clamp, a right blade air inlet side clamp, a left blade exhaust side clamp and a right blade exhaust side clamp on equipment, and fixing the equipment through fastening screws after the equipment passes through a right side aligning surface aligning clamp; when the upper and lower edge plates are machined, the L-shaped support body 1 is fixed on equipment, then the fixture body is fixed on the L-shaped support frame 1, and the fixture is aligned; six points of the first clamping are in full contact, the secondary contact of the detachable structure points still ensures the contact without causing the workpiece to be crushed is the key of the clamping of the clamp, the position of the positioning block is adjusted or fixed, a balance point is found, and the blade is compressed by the compression block;
step 2: punching a hole on the fast avoidance electrode holder 50 by using a small hole machine, then installing the electrode wire on the electrode holder, and leveling the electrode surface by using linear cutting equipment;
and step 3: installing a fast avoiding electrode holder 50 on equipment, wherein each air film hole of an air film hole in an interference area has an upper air film hole angle and a lower air film hole angle in opposite directions, two electrode holders are required to be designed for each air film hole, and the angle of a threading hole 51 designed on each electrode holder is required to be consistent with the angle of the air film hole;
in the machining process, the machining electrode is arranged on the electrode holder, the length of the whole row of electrodes is inconsistent after the installation is finished, the wire electrode angle needs to be designed according to the leaf profile, the electrode is cut off by using linear cutting, and the theoretical inlet angle of the electrode is ensured;
in the row electrode trial machining process, the electrodes are trimmed again according to the discharge condition of the whole row of electrodes, so that all the electrodes are ensured to be simultaneously contacted with parts during machining, and the influence of uneven electrode discharge on the machining quality of the gas film hole is avoided;
and 4, step 4: installing a blade, removing the detachable structure, placing a part into the fixture, fixing the detachable positioning structure, detecting a six-point contact part after the part is fixed, detaching and fixing the detachable positioning mechanism again, and detecting the six-point contact part;
and 5: starting a machining program to perform trial machining, and adjusting the length of the row electrodes according to the trial machining condition;
step 6: formally processing the electrode after adjustment, and adjusting processing parameters and a feed track to ensure the processing quality of the air film hole;
and 7: after one side of the same exhaust film hole is machined, replacing the electrode with another angle, and performing formal machining after alignment and trial machining to complete the machining of the exhaust film hole;
and 8: processing the air film holes in the interference area of the left blade according to the step 2-7, and detaching the parts after finishing the air film holes in all the interference areas;
and step 9: the electrode holder is replaced after the part is fixed, so that the position consistency of the air film hole can be ensured, and the processing quality is improved;
step 10: and after the aperture size and the position degree of the processed air film hole are detected to be qualified, the tool is dismounted.
Claims (6)
1. A positioning fixture for machining an air film hole at a shielding part of a duplex block casting guide blade is characterized in that a set of positioning fixture which is used for machining air inlet side and air outlet side shielding air film holes by taking six points of a blade body as a reference and can machine a shielding area between two blades without reference conversion is designed according to part machining characteristics, and comprises a left blade air inlet side fixture, a right blade air inlet side fixture, a left blade air outlet side fixture, a right blade air outlet side fixture and a fast avoiding motor holder, wherein two sets of fixtures and electrode holders are matched for machining different hole positions;
the left blade air inlet side clamp and the right blade air inlet side clamp are identical in structure;
the left blade exhaust side clamp and the right blade exhaust side clamp are identical in structure.
2. The positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block casting guide blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixture at the air inlet side of the left blade comprises a support frame, a bottom plate, a rotary positioning block, a rotary supporting block, an air inlet edge positioning block, a supporting block b, a pressure lever, an upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block, a positioning pin a, a supporting block a, a stop pin, a movable air inlet edge positioning block, a stop block, a knurled screw a, a knurled screw b, a positioning process ball, a light support a, an inner hexagonal socket head screw and a cylindrical pin A type;
the support frame is of a general L shape and is used for processing an air film hole on the upper edge plate side;
fixing the bottom plate on the support frame through screws; the rotary supporting block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw and a cylindrical pin A type, the rotary positioning block is rotated through the cylindrical pin A type, positioning is realized through a stop pin, angular positioning of the blade is realized in a pressing state, and a detachable function is realized through a knurled screw after positioning is finished;
the air inlet edge positioning block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal cylindrical head screw and a cylindrical pin A type, and the movable air inlet edge positioning block is fixed on the air inlet edge positioning block through a stop block and a screw, so that the axial positioning function of the blade is realized;
the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block is positioned on the bottom plate through an inner hexagonal socket head cap screw and a cylindrical pin A type, and the positioning pin a is fixed on the upper edge plate positioning pin a supporting block to realize the radial positioning function of the blade;
the light support a is fixed on the bottom plate and has an auxiliary support function on the blade, the support block a and the support block b are fixed on the bottom plate through the hexagon socket head cap screws, and the pressing plate a compresses the blade through the knurled screws;
the positioning process ball is fixed on the bottom plate and used when the clamp is used for centering.
3. The positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block-cast guide blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixture at the exhaust side of the left blade comprises a base plate, a process ball, a thin nut, an adjusting support, a pressing plate B, a star bolt, a light support B, a support, a star bolt, a turnover positioning seat, a screw a, a pin a, a positioning sample plate A, a positioning sample plate B, a pressing support, a screw B, a section positioning block, a positioning pin support and a pin B;
the support frame used on the left blade exhaust side clamp is the same as the support frame on the left blade air inlet side clamp;
the chassis is fixed on the support frame through screws; the method is used for processing the air film hole on the lower flange side;
the process ball pin is fixed on the chassis and used when the clamp aligns the center;
the support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin a, the turnover positioning seat is installed on the support, the rotation function is realized through the pin, and the fixing function is realized through the star-shaped bolt;
the positioning sample plate A and the positioning sample plate B are fixed on the turnover positioning seat through a screw a and a pin a, and the blade is axially positioned;
the section positioning block is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin a, so that the angular positioning function of the blade is realized;
the positioning pin support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b and a pin b, and the positioning pin b is fixed on the positioning pin support to realize the radial positioning function of the blade;
the pressing support is fixed on the chassis through a screw b, the light support is fixed on the chassis and the pressing support and used for assisting in positioning of parts, and the blade pressing mechanism is formed by the star-shaped bolt, the adjusting support, the thin nut and the pressing plate, so that the function of pressing the blade is achieved.
4. The positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the double-connection block casting guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein six points of the fixture are positioned: processing a clamp for shielding the air film hole at the exhaust side of the left blade, designing D1, F1, D2 and F2 as movable air inlet side positioning blocks of fixed points, designing a positioning point J1 as a rotary positioning block of a detachable structure, and designing a positioning point B1 as a positioning pin a of the fixed positioning point; the air film hole blocking clamps D1, F1, D2 and F2 on the air inlet side are designed into a positioning sample plate A and a positioning sample plate B of a detachable structure, and the positioning point J1 and the positioning point B1 are designed into a positioning point section positioning block and a positioning pin B.
5. The positioning fixture for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the duplex block casting guide vane as claimed in claim 1, wherein a threading hole is formed at the upper end of the fast avoiding motor holder, and the threading hole is machined by a small hole machine according to a design angle.
6. The method for machining the air film hole at the shielding part of the double-connection block casting guide vane as claimed in claim 1,
step 1: sequentially mounting a left blade air inlet side clamp, a right blade air inlet side clamp, a left blade exhaust side clamp and a right blade exhaust side clamp on equipment, and fixing the equipment through fastening screws after the equipment passes through a right side aligning surface aligning clamp; when the upper and lower edge plates are machined, the L-shaped support body is fixed on equipment, then the fixture body is fixed on the L-shaped support frame, and the fixture is aligned; six points of the first clamping are in full contact, the secondary contact of the detachable structure points still ensures the contact without causing the workpiece to be crushed is the key of the clamping of the clamp, the position of the positioning block is adjusted or fixed, a balance point is found, and the blade is compressed by the compression block;
step 2: punching a hole on the quick avoidance electrode holder by using a small hole machine, then installing the electrode wire on the electrode holder, and leveling the electrode surface by using linear cutting equipment;
and step 3: installing a fast avoiding electrode holder on equipment, wherein each air film hole in an interference area has an upper air film hole angle and a lower air film hole angle in opposite directions, two electrode holders (figure five) are required to be designed for each air film hole, and a wire penetrating hole angle designed on each electrode holder is required to be consistent with the air film hole angle;
in the machining process, the machining electrode is arranged on the electrode holder, the length of the whole row of electrodes is inconsistent after the installation is finished, the wire electrode angle needs to be designed according to the leaf profile, the electrode is cut off by using linear cutting, and the theoretical inlet angle of the electrode is ensured;
in the row electrode trial machining process, the electrodes are trimmed again according to the discharge condition of the whole row of electrodes, so that all the electrodes are ensured to be simultaneously contacted with parts during machining, and the influence of uneven electrode discharge on the machining quality of the gas film hole is avoided;
and 4, step 4: installing a blade, removing the detachable structure, placing a part into the fixture, fixing the detachable positioning structure, detecting a six-point contact part after the part is fixed, detaching and fixing the detachable positioning mechanism again, and detecting the six-point contact part;
and 5: starting a machining program to perform trial machining, and adjusting the length of the row electrodes according to the trial machining condition;
step 6: formally processing the electrode after adjustment, and adjusting processing parameters and a feed track to ensure the processing quality of the air film hole;
and 7: after one side of the same exhaust film hole is machined, replacing the electrode with another angle, and performing formal machining after alignment and trial machining to complete the machining of the exhaust film hole;
and 8: processing the air film holes in the interference area of the left blade according to the step 2-7, and detaching the parts after finishing the air film holes in all the interference areas;
and step 9: the electrode holder is replaced after the part is fixed, so that the position consistency of the air film hole can be ensured, and the processing quality is improved;
step 10: and after the aperture size and the position degree of the processed air film hole are detected to be qualified, the tool is dismounted.
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| CN202011278092.1A CN112496485B (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Positioning fixture for machining air film hole in shielding part of duplex block-cast guide blade and machining method of air film hole |
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| CN115157123A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-10-11 | 南京农业大学 | Fixture and grinding method for grinding upper citron plate side face and lower citron plate air inlet edge of gas turbine guide vane fan-shaped piece |
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