CN112496094B - Straightening device and method for zirconium alloy thin-walled pipe - Google Patents
Straightening device and method for zirconium alloy thin-walled pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN112496094B CN112496094B CN202011476280.5A CN202011476280A CN112496094B CN 112496094 B CN112496094 B CN 112496094B CN 202011476280 A CN202011476280 A CN 202011476280A CN 112496094 B CN112496094 B CN 112496094B
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- zirconium alloy
- walled tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
- B21D3/10—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts between rams and anvils or abutments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a straightening device and a straightening method for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, wherein the straightening device comprises a frame body, an objective table, a straightening force applying mechanism and a monitoring module arranged on the frame body, the frame body comprises a base part, a stand column and a cross beam, the straightening force applying mechanism comprises a screw rod lifting part and a pressure head, a clamping groove is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head, the objective table comprises a slide rail part arranged on the base part and two carrying parts arranged on the slide rail part, and the pressure head is positioned between the two carrying parts; the carrying parts comprise sliding seats and carrying supporting blocks, and carrying grooves are formed in the carrying supporting blocks; the method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing before straightening; 2. mounting the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube; 3. and (4) straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled pipe. The straightening device is reasonable in design, can straighten the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, has good stability, reduces the manual participation and dependence degree, ensures the quality of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of straightening of zirconium alloy thin-walled pipes, and particularly relates to a device and a method for straightening zirconium alloy thin-walled pipes.
Background
The zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe has small thermal neutron absorption sectional area, high heat conductivity, good mechanical property, excellent processing property and the same UO property 2 Has good compatibility and the like, and is often used as a cladding tube, an instrument tube and a supportStructural materials such as the stay tube are widely applied to nuclear reactors. The zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe material has extremely high requirements on various aspects of straightness, hydride orientation, internal and external surface quality, dimensional precision, physical and chemical properties and the like in the manufacturing process when a nuclear reactor is subjected to severe conditions of high temperature, high pressure, vibration, corrosion and the like. In the manufacturing process of the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe, the straightness of the pipe cannot meet the technical requirement under the influence of a plurality of factors such as metal flowing in the calendering processing process, stress release in the heat treatment process, carrying in the process flow process and the like, so that a finished pipe straightening process is added in the process design to meet the straightness requirement of the pipe.
The straightening of the pipe is a process of straightening the bent position of the pipe by applying an external force (straightening force) opposite to the bending direction of the bent position of the pipe by special equipment or a manual method to cause elastic deformation and plastic deformation in a predetermined direction. The zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe is a special type of zirconium alloy pipe products. When a conventional pipe is straightened, a multi-roller straightener with hyperbolic straightening rollers is adopted for straightening according to parameters such as the inner diameter, the outer diameter, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the like of the pipe, and the straightening of the pipe is realized by setting reasonable backward bending amount, angle and pressing amount and enabling the straightener to generate constant straightening force. The thin-walled tube has small wall thickness, so when the multi-roll straightener is adopted for straightening, the situations of tube end deformation, external surface indentation, size mutation and the like are easily caused, and the situations can not be eliminated in the post-process processing process of the thin-walled tube, thereby causing unqualified quality of batch products. In addition, the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is carried out in a pure manual mode. When the pipe is straightened by a pure manual mode, the straightening of the pipe needs to be realized by accurately controlling the strength and the direction, and the straightness or hydride orientation is unqualified due to slight deviation; in the straightening process, if the force application direction is slightly deviated, the pipe can slide on the platform, the surface of the pipe is damaged, and the outer surface is unqualified; and the working efficiency is extremely low, the dependence degree on the technical level of operators is too high, the stability of the product quality is difficult to control, and the batch production is not facilitated.
Therefore, at present, a straightening device and a straightening method for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube are lacked, the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is straightened, the stability is good, meanwhile, the manual participation and dependence degree are reduced, the quality of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is ensured, and meanwhile, the production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a straightening device for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, which is reasonable in design and convenient and fast to operate, can be used for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, has good stability, reduces the manual participation and dependence degree, ensures the quality of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and improves the production efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a straightening device for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the straightening device comprises a frame body, an object stage, a straightening force applying mechanism and a monitoring module, wherein the object stage is arranged on the frame body and used for installing a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, the straightening force applying mechanism is arranged on the frame body and used for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and the monitoring module is arranged on the frame body;
the frame body comprises a base part, two stand columns symmetrically arranged on the base part and an upper cross beam arranged at the tops of the two stand columns, the straightening force applying mechanism comprises a screw rod lifting part and a pressure head arranged on the screw rod lifting part, and a clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the pressure head;
the object carrying table comprises a slide rail part arranged on a base part and two object carrying parts arranged on the slide rail part, the two object carrying parts have the same structure, each object carrying part comprises a sliding seat arranged on the slide rail part and an object carrying supporting block arranged on the sliding seat and used for placing the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and an object carrying groove is formed in each object carrying supporting block;
the monitoring module comprises a monitoring box, an electronic circuit board arranged in the monitoring box, a microcontroller integrated on the electronic circuit board and a timer connected with the microcontroller, wherein the input end of the microcontroller is connected with a proximity switch used for detecting the contact of a pressure head and a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube and a torque sensor connected with a worm in a worm gear lead screw lifter in a transmission manner.
The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the screw rod lifting part comprises a servo motor arranged on the upper cross beam, a transmission shaft in transmission connection with the servo motor, a worm gear screw rod lifter in transmission connection with the transmission shaft and a screw rod penetrating in the worm gear screw rod lifter, and the pressure head is located at the bottom of the screw rod.
The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the base part comprises a bottom plate, a U-shaped seat arranged on the bottom plate and a horizontal plate arranged on the U-shaped seat, and the opening surface of the U-shaped seat faces the bottom plate;
the bottom plate four corners is provided with four regulation landing legs, four the structure of adjusting the landing leg is the same, four adjust the landing leg all including wearing to establish screw rod on the bottom plate, cover establish last nut and lower nut on the screw rod to and install the foot stool in the bottom that the screw rod stretches out the bottom plate, the last nut is located the upper portion of bottom plate, the lower nut is located the lower part of bottom plate.
The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the slide rail component comprises a first slide rail and a second slide rail which are arranged on the base component, and two limit stops which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first slide rail and the second slide rail, the first slide rail and the second slide rail are arranged along the length direction of the base component, a gap is arranged between the first slide rail and the second slide rail, and the top of each limit stop is lower than the bottom of the loading groove.
The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the sliding seat comprises a sliding block arranged on the sliding rail part and an installation plate arranged on the sliding block, and the carrying supporting block is arranged on the installation plate through a screw;
the bottom of mounting panel is provided with the cooperation the pulley of slide rail part, be provided with the locking handle on the slider.
The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized in that: the two carrying supporting blocks are respectively a first carrying supporting block and a second carrying supporting block, the two carrying grooves are respectively a first carrying groove and a second carrying groove, the first carrying groove and the second carrying groove are respectively positioned at the tops of the first carrying supporting block and the second carrying supporting block, the first carrying supporting block and the second carrying supporting block are both semicircular grooves, and the diameter of the first carrying groove and the diameter of the second carrying groove are 1.5 mm-1.8 mm larger than the outer diameter of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
the side wall of the pressure head is provided with a mounting connecting plate, the proximity switch is positioned on the mounting connecting plate, and the detection surface of the proximity switch faces downwards;
the clamping groove is a U-shaped groove, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is semicircular.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe straightening method which is simple in method steps, reasonable in design, convenient to realize and good in using effect, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparation before straightening:
101, sliding a carrying supporting block along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the carrying supporting block moves to a position right below a pressure head;
102, controlling a servo motor to rotate by a microcontroller, driving a worm gear lead screw lifter to rotate by the rotation of the servo motor through a transmission shaft, and driving a lead screw and a pressure head to move downwards by the rotation of the worm gear lead screw lifter;
103, in the process that the pressure head moves downwards, the torque sensor detects the torque force and sends the detected torque force to the microcontroller, when the lower end face of the pressure head is attached to the upper end face of the carrying supporting block, the servo motor stops rotating, and the microcontroller obtains the torque force when the lower end face of the pressure head is attached to the upper end face of the carrying supporting block and records the torque force as F z ；
104, controlling the servo motor to rotate reversely by the microcontroller, and driving the pressure head to move upwards by the reverse rotation of the servo motor until the pressure head is reset; wherein the distance between the top of the pressure head and the upper top plate is 10-20 cm;
step two, mounting the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
step 201, sliding the two carrying supporting blocks along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the two carrying supporting blocks are positioned at two sides of the pressure head;
202, mounting a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube in carrying grooves in the two carrying supporting blocks; the bending direction of a bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe is close to the pressure head;
step 203, adjusting the two carrying supporting blocks to slide along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat so as to enable the two carrying supporting blocks to be positioned at two ends of a bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step three, straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
step 301, controlling a servo motor to rotate by a microcontroller, driving a worm gear lead screw lifter to rotate by the rotation of the servo motor through a transmission shaft, and driving a lead screw and a pressure head to move downwards by the rotation of the worm gear lead screw lifter;
step 302, in the process that the pressure head moves downwards, the proximity switch detects the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the proximity switch outputs a low level signal, the pressure head is in contact with the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step 303, controlling the servo motor to continue rotating by the microcontroller, and driving the pressure head to continue moving downwards by the rotation of the servo motor;
304, in the process that the pressure head continuously moves downwards, the pressure head applies straightening force to reversely bend the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the torque force detected by the torque sensor meets the ith torque force set value F s (i) When the servo motor is started, the microcontroller controls the servo motor to stop rotating; wherein the 1 st torque force set value F s (1) Is taken as the initial value of F z I is a positive integer, and 1 is not less than i;
step 305, ram holding torque force set point F s Pressing the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe until the retention time set by the timer is reached;
step 306, the microcontroller controls the servo motor to rotate reversely, and the servo motor rotates reversely to drive the pressure head to move upwards until the pressure head is reset;
307, taking the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube out of the loading groove of the loading supporting block, inspecting the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and finishing the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube if the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube meets the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube; if the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube does not meet the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, executing step 308;
step 308, repeating the steps 301 to 307, and setting the (i + 1) th torque force set value F s (i + 1), straightening the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube for the next time until the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is completed.
The straightening method of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the downward moving speed of the pressure head in the step 301 is 4m/min to 5m/min;
in step 303, the speed of the pressure head moving downwards is 2 m/min-3 m/min;
the retention time set in step 305 is 10s to 20s;
the i +1 th torque force set point F in step 308 s (i + 1) th to ith torque force setpoint F s (i) 2Nm to 5Nm in large.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is reasonable in design, simple in structure and convenient to operate, solves the technical problem that the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is lack of a specialized straightening device, and fills up the industrial blank; meanwhile, the manual intervention degree in the production process is reduced, the dependence degree on the experience of operators is reduced, and the stability of the product quality is ensured.
2. The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is not constrained by the aspects of high strength, good rigidity, large bending deformation resistance and the like of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and can realize tube straightening and meet the quality requirement.
3. The straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is provided with the servo motor and the worm gear lead screw lifter which drive the press head to vertically move up and down, and the press head moves downwards to drive the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube to reversely bend, so that the control on the reverse bending degree of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube can be realized, and the control on the force application size of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube can also be realized; in addition, the straightening force applied to the bent part of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is ensured to be vertically downward through the vertical movement of the pressure head, so that the straightening accuracy is improved.
4. The loading supporting block adopted in the straightening device for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is used for ensuring that the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is fixed in the loading grooves of the pressure head and the loading supporting block, and the direction of the pressure applied by the pressure head to the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is always vertical to the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, so that the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is prevented from being transversely deviated, and the surface of the tube is effectively protected.
5. The straightening process of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube material takes shorter time than manual operation, greatly improves the production efficiency on the premise of ensuring the product quality, reduces the labor intensity of operators, and is beneficial to industrial batch production.
6. In the straightening process of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, the fixed-point quantitative force application is realized on the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, the times of repeated straightening at the same position due to unqualified straightness are reduced, the risk degree of hydride orientation distributed along the radial direction of the tube is greatly reduced, and the orientation direction of the hydride is ensured.
7. The invention can not only meet the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe, but also meet the straightening of other pipes, bars and profiled bars, and has wide application range and strong universality.
8. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in realization and simplicity and convenience in operation, and ensures the accuracy of straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube.
9. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is simple and convenient to operate and good in using effect, firstly, the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is prepared before being straightened, and secondly, the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is installed; and finally, the pressure head applies pressure to the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube under the torque force set value to finish the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, so that the straightened zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is finally obtained, the times of repeated straightening at the same position due to unqualified straightness are reduced, the risk degree of radial distribution of hydride orientation along the tube is greatly reduced, and the orientation direction of the hydride is ensured.
In conclusion, the straightening device is reasonable in design and convenient and fast to operate, can straighten the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, has good stability, reduces the manual participation and dependence degree, ensures the quality of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and improves the production efficiency.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straightening device for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide block of the straightening device for zirconium alloy thin-walled tubes.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base part of the straightening device for zirconium alloy thin-walled tubes.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper cross beam of the straightening device for zirconium alloy thin-walled tubes.
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit block diagram of a monitoring module of the straightening device for zirconium alloy thin-walled tubes.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the straightening method of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a base member; 1-a base plate; 1-1-1-a first base plate;
1-1-2-second base plate; 1-2-a U-shaped seat; 1-3-horizontal plate;
1-3-1-raised line; 1-4-a first U-stiffener seat; 1-5-a second U reinforcing seat;
1-6, connecting a reinforcing plate; 1-7-screw; 1-8-foot seats;
1-9-lower nut; 1-10-upper nut; 2, a column;
2-1-lower connecting plate; 2-upper connecting plate; 3, an upper cross beam;
3-1, arranging a U-shaped reinforcing seat; 3-2-upper beam bottom plate; 3-upper top plate;
3-4, an upper reinforcing plate; 3-5-triangular reinforcing plates; 4-a servo motor;
4-1-motor mounting seat; 5, a transmission shaft; 6-worm screw elevator;
6-1-connecting seat; 7-a screw rod; 8, a pressure head;
8-1-clamping groove; 9-1-limit stop; 9-2 — a first slide rail;
9-3 — a second slide rail; 10-1-a first load support block; 10-2-a second load support block;
11-1-first carrying groove; 11-2-second carrying groove;
12-1-a slider; 12-2-a mounting plate; 12-3-a locking handle;
12-4-pulley; 13-proximity switches; 13-1, mounting a connecting plate;
14-a microcontroller; 15-a timer; 16-a torque sensor;
17-motor driver.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the straightening device for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube includes a frame body, an objective table arranged on the frame body and used for installing the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, a straightening force applying mechanism arranged on the frame body and used for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and a monitoring module arranged on the frame body;
the frame body comprises a base part 1, two upright posts 2 symmetrically arranged on the base part 1 and an upper cross beam 3 arranged at the tops of the two upright posts 2, the straightening force applying mechanism comprises a screw rod lifting part and a pressure head 8 arranged on the screw rod lifting part, and a clamping groove 8-1 is arranged at the bottom of the pressure head 8;
the object carrying table comprises a slide rail part arranged on a base part 1 and two object carrying parts arranged on the slide rail part, the two object carrying parts have the same structure, each object carrying part comprises a sliding seat arranged on the slide rail part and an object carrying supporting block arranged on the sliding seat and used for placing the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and an object carrying groove is formed in each object carrying supporting block;
the monitoring module comprises a monitoring box, an electronic circuit board arranged in the monitoring box, a microcontroller 14 integrated on the electronic circuit board, and a timer 15 connected with the microcontroller 14, wherein the input end of the microcontroller 14 is connected with a proximity switch 13 for detecting the contact of the pressure head 8 and the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and a torque sensor 16 in transmission connection with a worm in the worm gear lead screw lifter 6.
In this embodiment, the lead screw lifting component includes a servo motor 4 arranged on the upper beam 3, a transmission shaft 5 in transmission connection with the servo motor 4, a worm wheel lead screw lifter 6 in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 5, and a lead screw 7 arranged in the worm wheel lead screw lifter 6 in a penetrating manner, and the pressure head 8 is located at the bottom of the lead screw 7.
In the embodiment, the base part 1 comprises a bottom plate 1-1, a U-shaped seat 1-2 arranged on the bottom plate 1-1 and a horizontal plate 1-3 arranged on the U-shaped seat 1-2, wherein the opening surface of the U-shaped seat 1-2 faces the bottom plate 1-1;
four adjusting support legs are arranged at four corners of the bottom plate 1-1, the four adjusting support legs are identical in structure, each adjusting support leg comprises a screw rod 1-7 penetrating through the bottom plate 1-1, an upper nut 1-10 and a lower nut 1-9 sleeved on the screw rod 1-7, and a foot base 1-8 installed at the bottom end of the screw rod 1-7 extending out of the bottom plate 1-1, the upper nut 1-10 is located on the upper portion of the bottom plate 1-1, and the lower nut 1-9 is located on the lower portion of the bottom plate 1-1.
In this embodiment, the slide rail component includes a first slide rail 9-2 and a second slide rail 9-3 which are arranged on the base component 1, and two limit stoppers 9-1 which are symmetrically installed at two ends of the first slide rail 9-2 and the second slide rail 9-3, the first slide rail 9-2 and the second slide rail 9-3 are arranged along the length direction of the base component 1, a gap is arranged between the first slide rail 9-2 and the second slide rail 9-3, and the top of the limit stopper 9-1 is lower than the bottom of the loading groove.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the sliding seat comprises a sliding block 12-1 mounted on the sliding rail component and a mounting plate 12-2 mounted on the sliding block 12-1, and the load supporting block is mounted on the mounting plate 12-2 by screws;
the bottom of the mounting plate 12-2 is provided with a pulley 12-4 matched with the sliding rail component, and the sliding block 12-1 is provided with a locking handle 12-3.
In this embodiment, the two carrying support blocks are respectively a first carrying support block 10-1 and a second carrying support block 10-2, the two carrying grooves are respectively a first carrying groove 11-1 and a second carrying groove 11-2, the first carrying groove 11-1 and the second carrying groove 11-2 are respectively located at the tops of the first carrying support block 10-1 and the second carrying support block 10-2, the first carrying support block 10-1 and the second carrying support block 10-2 are both semicircular grooves, and the diameter of the first carrying groove 11-1 and the second carrying groove 11-2 is 1.5 mm-1.8 mm larger than the outer diameter of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
a mounting connecting plate 13-1 is arranged on the side wall of the pressure head 8, the proximity switch 13 is positioned on the mounting connecting plate 13-1, and the detection surface of the proximity switch 13 faces downwards;
the clamping groove 8-1 is a U-shaped groove, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is semicircular.
In the embodiment, in actual use, the locking handle 12-3 comprises a screw rod penetrating through the sliding block 12-1 and a handle installed at the extending end of the screw rod, and the screw rod is tightly contacted with the side surface of the first sliding rail 9-2 through a knob handle, so that the sliding of the sliding block 12-1 is limited, and locking is realized; and conversely, the handle is rotated reversely to enable the screw rod to be separated from the side surface of the first sliding rail 9-2, so that the sliding block 12-1 can slide.
In the embodiment, for the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe, the orientation direction of the hydride of the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe can be changed by the size and the direction of the straightening force in the straightening process, and when the orientation direction of the hydride is distributed along the radial direction of the pipe, the pipe is easy to break in the in-pile service process, so that nuclear safety accidents are caused. Therefore, in the straightening process of the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe, the straightness is ensured to meet the technical requirement, and the orientation direction of the hydride is ensured not to be distributed along the radial direction of the pipe. The pressure head and the loading supporting block are used for ensuring that the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is fixed in the loading grooves of the pressure head and the loading supporting block, and the direction of the pressure applied to the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube by the pressure head is always perpendicular to the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, so that the change of the orientation direction of hydride of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is prevented.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the first slide rail 9-2 and the second slide rail 9-3 are both provided with sliding grooves for the pulleys 12-4 to extend into.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the bottom plate 1-1 includes a first bottom plate 1-1-1 and a second bottom plate 1-1-2 integrally formed with the first bottom plate 1-1-1, a length of the second bottom plate 1-1-2 is smaller than a length of the first bottom plate 1-1-1, a first U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-4 and a second U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-5 are disposed on the second bottom plate 1-1-2, and an upper connecting reinforcing plate 1-6 is disposed on the first U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-4 and the second U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-5.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the horizontal plate 1-3 is provided with three parallel convex strips 1-3-1, the three convex strips 1-3-1 are respectively a first convex strip, a second convex strip and a third convex strip, the first slide rail 9-2 is located between the first convex strip and the second convex strip, and the second slide rail 9-3 is located between the second convex strip and the third convex strip.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the bottom of the upright post 2 is provided with a lower connecting plate 2-1, the top of the upright post 2 is provided with an upper connecting plate 2-2, the lower connecting plate 2-1 is connected with an upper connecting and reinforcing plate 1-6 through bolts, and the upper connecting plate 2-2 is connected with the upper cross beam 3 through bolts.
In this embodiment, the lower connecting plate 2-1 and the upper connecting plate 2-2 are both metal blind plates.
In the embodiment, the upright post 2, the lower connecting plate 2-1 and the upper connecting plate 2-2 are welded and formed, and the connecting position of the metal blind plate and the upright post 2 is welded by adopting a right-angled trapezoid metal plate as a reinforcing rib; after welding, 2 stand columns 2 are respectively subjected to mechanical vibration aging treatment to eliminate internal stress.
In the embodiment, the first bottom plate 1-1-1 and the second bottom plate 1-1-2 are integrally arranged to be in a T-shaped structure, and after the U-shaped seat 1-2, the first U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-4 and the second U-shaped reinforcing seat 1-5 are welded, mechanical vibration aging treatment is performed to eliminate internal stress.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in actual use, the upper beam 3 includes an upper beam bottom plate 3-2, an upper U-shaped reinforcing seat 3-1 disposed on the upper beam bottom plate 3-2, and an upper top plate 3-3 disposed on the upper U-shaped reinforcing seat 3-1, an upper reinforcing plate 3-4 is disposed on the upper top plate 3-3, a triangular reinforcing plate 3-5 is disposed at the bottom of the upper top plate 3-3, and the triangular reinforcing plate 3-5 is connected to the upper U-shaped reinforcing seat 3-1.
In the embodiment, the upper U-shaped reinforcing seat 3-1, the upper crossbeam bottom plate 3-2 and the triangular reinforcing plate 3-5 are arranged for welding connection, so that the purpose of reinforcing ribs is achieved, and the integral stability of the upper crossbeam 3 is realized; after the upper cross beam 3 is welded, the upper cross beam 3 is subjected to aging treatment by adopting a mechanical vibration method, so that internal stress generated by welding the upper cross beam 3 is eliminated, and the upper cross beam 3 is prevented from deforming in the later use process to influence the use effect.
In this embodiment, in actual use, the upper top plate 3-3 is provided with a motor mounting seat 4-1 for mounting the servo motor 4, the upper reinforcing plate 3-4 and the connecting seat 6-1 of the worm screw elevator 6 are connected by bolts, and the upper bottom plate 6-1 and the upper reinforcing plate 3-4 are provided with mounting holes for the screws 7 to penetrate through.
In this embodiment, in practical use, the limit stopper 9-1 is a polyurethane stopper.
In this embodiment, the wall thickness of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is not less than 0.3mm.
In this embodiment, the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is divided into a thick-walled tube, a conventional tube and a thin-walled tube according to the diameter-thickness ratio, i.e., the ratio of the outer diameter D of the tube to the wall thickness t of the tube. Wherein, the diameter-thickness ratio of the thick-wall pipe is D/t <15; the diameter-thickness ratio D/t of the conventional pipe is 15-25; the diameter-thickness ratio of the thin-wall pipe is D/t >25.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, in actual use, an output end of the microcontroller 14 is connected to a motor driver 17, and an output end of the motor driver 17 is connected to an input end of the servo motor 4.
In this embodiment, the proximity switch 13 may refer to an E2EX-X8D limit switch.
In this embodiment, the servo motor 4 and the servo motor 4 can refer to an SMG-E02430 servo motor, and the motor driver 17 can refer to an HS100M1-N motor driver.
In this embodiment, the timer 15 may refer to a DS1302 timer.
In this embodiment, the torque sensor 16 may refer to a hai bo hua HCNJ-101 torque sensor, which has good stability and an R232/R485 communication interface. In actual use, other torque sensors capable of achieving the same function can be adopted.
As shown in FIG. 6, the straightening method for the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation before straightening:
101, sliding the carrying supporting block along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the carrying supporting block moves to a position right below the pressure head 8;
102, controlling a servo motor 4 to rotate by a microcontroller 14 through a motor driver 17, driving a worm gear lead screw lifter 6 to rotate by the servo motor 4 through a transmission shaft 5, and driving a lead screw 7 and a pressure head 8 to move downwards by the worm gear lead screw lifter 6;
103, in the process that the pressure head 8 moves downwards, the torque sensor 16 detects the torque force and sends the detected torque force to the microcontroller 14, when the lower end face of the pressure head 8 is attached to the upper end face of the carrying supporting block, the servo motor 4 stops rotating, and the microcontroller 14 obtains the torque force when the lower end face of the pressure head 8 is attached to the upper end face of the carrying supporting block and records the torque force as F z ；
104, the microcontroller 14 controls the servo motor 4 to rotate reversely through the motor driver 17, and the servo motor 4 rotates reversely to drive the pressure head 8 to move upwards until the pressure head 8 resets; wherein the distance between the top of the pressure head and the upper top plate is 10-20 cm;
step two, mounting the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
step 201, sliding the two carrying supporting blocks along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the two carrying supporting blocks are positioned at two sides of the pressure head 8;
202, mounting a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube in carrying grooves in two carrying supporting blocks; wherein the bending direction of the bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is close to the pressure head 8;
step 203, adjusting the two carrying supporting blocks to slide along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat so as to enable the two carrying supporting blocks to be positioned at two ends of a bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step three, straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
step 301, the microcontroller 14 controls the servo motor 4 to rotate through the motor driver 17, the servo motor 4 rotates to drive the worm screw rod lifter 6 to rotate through the transmission shaft 5, and the worm screw rod lifter 6 rotates to drive the screw rod 7 and the pressure head 8 to move downwards;
step 302, in the process that the pressure head 8 moves downwards, the proximity switch 13 detects the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the proximity switch 13 outputs a low level signal, the pressure head 8 is indicated to be in contact with the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step 303, the microcontroller 14 controls the servo motor 4 to continue to rotate through the motor driver 17, and the servo motor 4 rotates to drive the press head 8 to continue to move downwards;
step 304, in the process that the pressure head 8 continues to move downwards, the pressure head 8 applies straightening force to reversely bend the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the torque force detected by the torque sensor 16 meets the ith torque force set value F s (i) When the motor is started, the microcontroller 14 controls the servo motor 4 to stop rotating through the motor driver 17; wherein the 1 st torque force set value F s (1) Is taken as the initial value of F z I is a positive integer, and 1 is not more than i;
step 305, the ram 8 maintains the torque force set value F s Pressing the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe until the retention time set by the timer 15 is reached;
step 306, the microcontroller 14 controls the servo motor 4 to rotate reversely through the motor driver 17, and the servo motor 4 rotates reversely to drive the pressure head 8 to move upwards until the pressure head 8 resets;
307, taking the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube out of the loading groove of the loading supporting block, inspecting the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and finishing the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube if the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube meets the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube; if the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube does not meet the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, executing step 308;
step 308, repeating the steps 301 to 307, and setting the (i + 1) th torque force set value F s (i + 1), straightening the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube for the next time until the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is completed.
In this embodiment, the downward moving speed of the ram 8 in step 301 is 4m/min to 5m/min;
in the step 303, the speed of the pressure head 8 moving downwards is 2 m/min-3 m/min;
the retention time set in step 305 is 10s to 20s;
the i +1 th torque force set point F in step 308 s (i + 1) th to ith torque force setpoint F s (i) 2Nm to 5Nm in large.
In conclusion, the straightening device is reasonable in design and convenient and fast to operate, can straighten the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, has good stability, reduces the manual participation and dependence degree, ensures the quality of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and improves the production efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A straightening method for a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube adopts a device comprising a frame body, an objective table, a straightening force applying mechanism and a monitoring module, wherein the objective table is arranged on the frame body and used for installing the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, the straightening force applying mechanism is arranged on the frame body and used for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and the monitoring module is arranged on the frame body;
the frame body comprises a base part (1), two stand columns (2) symmetrically arranged on the base part (1) and an upper cross beam (3) arranged at the tops of the two stand columns (2), the straightening force applying mechanism comprises a screw rod lifting part and a pressure head (8) arranged on the screw rod lifting part, and a clamping groove (8-1) is formed in the bottom of the pressure head (8);
the object carrying table comprises a slide rail part arranged on a base part (1) and two object carrying parts arranged on the slide rail part, the two object carrying parts have the same structure, each object carrying part comprises a sliding seat arranged on the slide rail part and an object carrying supporting block arranged on the sliding seat and used for placing the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and an object carrying groove is formed in each object carrying supporting block;
the monitoring module comprises a monitoring box, an electronic circuit board arranged in the monitoring box, a microcontroller (14) integrated on the electronic circuit board, and a timer (15) connected with the microcontroller (14), wherein the input end of the microcontroller (14) is connected with a proximity switch (13) for detecting the contact of a pressure head (8) and a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube and a torque sensor (16) in transmission connection with a worm in a worm gear lead screw lifter (6);
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, preparation before straightening:
101, sliding the carrying supporting block along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the carrying supporting block moves to a position right below a pressure head (8);
102, controlling a servo motor (4) to rotate by a microcontroller (14), driving a worm wheel screw rod lifter (6) to rotate by the rotation of the servo motor (4) through a transmission shaft (5), and driving a screw rod (7) and a pressure head (8) to move downwards by the rotation of the worm wheel screw rod lifter (6);
103, in the downward movement process of the pressure head (8), the torque sensor (16) detects the torque force and sends the detected torque force to the microcontroller (14), when the lower end face of the pressure head (8) is attached to the upper end face of the object carrying supporting block, the servo motor (4) stops rotating, and the microcontroller (14) obtains the torque force when the lower end face of the pressure head (8) is attached to the upper end face of the object carrying supporting block and records the torque force as the torque force
；
104, controlling the servo motor (4) to rotate reversely by the microcontroller (14), and driving the pressure head (8) to move upwards by the reverse rotation of the servo motor (4) until the pressure head (8) is reset;
step two, mounting the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
step 201, sliding the two carrying supporting blocks along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat until the two carrying supporting blocks are positioned at two sides of the pressure head (8);
202, mounting a zirconium alloy thin-walled tube in carrying grooves in the two carrying supporting blocks; wherein the bending direction of the bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe is close to the pressure head (8);
step 203, adjusting the two carrying supporting blocks to slide along the sliding rail part through a sliding seat so as to enable the two carrying supporting blocks to be positioned at two ends of a bending part in the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step three, straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube:
301, controlling a servo motor (4) to rotate by a microcontroller (14), driving a worm wheel screw rod lifter (6) to rotate by the rotation of the servo motor (4) through a transmission shaft (5), and driving a screw rod (7) and a pressure head (8) to move downwards by the rotation of the worm wheel screw rod lifter (6);
step 302, in the process that the pressure head (8) moves downwards, the proximity switch (13) detects the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the proximity switch (13) outputs a low level signal, the pressure head (8) is in contact with the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
step 303, controlling the servo motor (4) to continue rotating by the microcontroller (14), and driving the press head (8) to continue moving downwards by the rotation of the servo motor (4);
step 304, in the process that the pressure head (8) continues to move downwards, the pressure head (8) applies straightening force to reversely bend the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and when the torque force detected by the torque sensor (16) meets the second requirement
A set value of torque force
When the servo motor (4) stops rotating, the microcontroller (14) controls the servo motor to stop rotating; wherein the 1 st torque force set value
Is taken as an initial value
，
Is a positive integer, and
；
step 305, the pressure head (8) maintains the torque force set value
Pressing the zirconium alloy thin-wall pipe until the retention time set by the timer (15) is reached;
step 306, the microcontroller (14) controls the servo motor (4) to rotate reversely, and the servo motor (4) rotates reversely to drive the pressure head (8) to move upwards until the pressure head (8) is reset;
307, taking the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube out of the loading groove of the loading supporting block, inspecting the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, and finishing the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube if the pressurized zirconium alloy thin-walled tube meets the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube; if the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube does not meet the straightening requirement of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube, executing step 308;
step 308, repeat steps 301 to 307, set the first
A set value of torque force
Straightening the pressed zirconium alloy thin-walled tube for the next time until the straightening of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube is completed;
in the step 301, the downward moving speed of the pressure head (8) is 4-5 m/min;
in the step 303, the speed of the pressure head (8) moving downwards is 2 m/min-3 m/min;
the retention time set in step 305 is 10s to 20s;
in step 308 it is
Set value of torque force
Is compared with the first
Set value of torque force
Big (a)
～
。
2. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube according to claim 1, wherein: the screw rod lifting component comprises a servo motor (4) arranged on the upper cross beam (3), a transmission shaft (5) in transmission connection with the servo motor (4), a worm gear screw rod lifter (6) in transmission connection with the transmission shaft (5) and a screw rod (7) arranged in the worm gear screw rod lifter (6) in a penetrating mode, and the pressure head (8) is located at the bottom of the screw rod (7).
3. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube according to claim 1, wherein: the base part (1) comprises a bottom plate (1-1), a U-shaped seat (1-2) arranged on the bottom plate (1-1) and a horizontal plate (1-3) arranged on the U-shaped seat (1-2), and the opening surface of the U-shaped seat (1-2) faces the bottom plate (1-1);
four adjusting support legs are arranged at four corners of the bottom plate (1-1), the four adjusting support legs are identical in structure and comprise screw rods (1-7) penetrating through the bottom plate (1-1), upper nuts (1-10) and lower nuts (1-9) sleeved on the screw rods (1-7) and foot seats (1-8) installed at the bottom ends, extending out of the bottom plate (1-1), of the screw rods (1-7), the upper nuts (1-10) are located on the upper portion of the bottom plate (1-1), and the lower nuts (1-9) are located on the lower portion of the bottom plate (1-1).
4. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube according to claim 1, wherein: the slide rail component comprises a first slide rail (9-2) and a second slide rail (9-3) which are arranged on the base component (1), and two limit stoppers (9-1) which are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first slide rail (9-2) and the second slide rail (9-3), wherein the first slide rail (9-2) and the second slide rail (9-3) are arranged along the length direction of the base component (1), a gap is arranged between the first slide rail (9-2) and the second slide rail (9-3), and the top of the limit stopper (9-1) is lower than the bottom of the loading groove.
5. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding seat comprises a sliding block (12-1) arranged on the sliding rail part and a mounting plate (12-2) arranged on the sliding block (12-1), and the carrying supporting block is arranged on the mounting plate (12-2) through a screw;
the bottom of the mounting plate (12-2) is provided with a pulley (12-4) matched with the sliding rail component, and the sliding block (12-1) is provided with a locking handle (12-3).
6. The method for straightening the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube according to claim 1, wherein: the two carrying support blocks are respectively a first carrying support block (10-1) and a second carrying support block (10-2), the two carrying grooves are respectively a first carrying groove (11-1) and a second carrying groove (11-2), the first carrying groove (11-1) and the second carrying groove (11-2) are respectively positioned at the tops of the first carrying support block (10-1) and the second carrying support block (10-2), the first carrying support block (10-1) and the second carrying support block (10-2) are both semicircular grooves, and the diameter of the first carrying groove (11-1) and the second carrying groove (11-2) is 1.5-1.8 mm larger than the outer diameter of the zirconium alloy thin-walled tube;
a mounting connecting plate (13-1) is arranged on the side wall of the pressure head (8), the proximity switch (13) is positioned on the mounting connecting plate (13-1), and the detection surface of the proximity switch (13) faces downwards;
the clamping groove (8-1) is a U-shaped groove, and the bottom of the U-shaped groove is semicircular.
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| CN1994606A (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2007-07-11 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Straightening method and apparatus for small-diameter thin-wall metal tube |
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| JP4185128B2 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-11-26 | ファナック株式会社 | Force control gain changing method and die cushion control device |
| CN201889336U (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2011-07-06 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | Hydraulic straightening device |
| CN101979173B (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2013-05-29 | 玉环普天单向器有限公司 | Hydraulic straightening device |
| CN106862313A (en) * | 2015-12-13 | 2017-06-20 | 申久祝 | A kind of aligning axis part machine |
| CN106623511B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-11-05 | 盐城工学院 | A kind of hydraulic flattening equipment and system |
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| CN211304303U (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-08-21 | 上海玖蓥智能科技有限公司 | Automatic straightening machine for screw rod |
| CN110899390A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-24 | 常德鹏达机械加工有限公司 | Oil cylinder telescopic rod correction method of single-column correction press |
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