CN112496022A - Application of calcium chloride in repairing manganese-polluted soil and repairing method thereof - Google Patents
Application of calcium chloride in repairing manganese-polluted soil and repairing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112496022A CN112496022A CN202011263121.7A CN202011263121A CN112496022A CN 112496022 A CN112496022 A CN 112496022A CN 202011263121 A CN202011263121 A CN 202011263121A CN 112496022 A CN112496022 A CN 112496022A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of calcium chloride in repairing manganese-polluted soil, and particularly discloses a method for repairing manganese-polluted soil by adopting calcium chloride as an activating agent, which comprises the following steps: firstly, applying calcium chloride in manganese-polluted soil in October of the year, ploughing the calcium chloride into a 0-20cm soil layer, applying a proper amount of fertilizer, and then ploughing; or simultaneously scattering calcium chloride and fertilizer on the ground surface and ploughing into a 0-20cm soil layer; or firstly turning the fertilizer into a 0-20cm soil layer, and then applying calcium chloride for turning; secondly, ploughing calcium chloride into a soil layer for about 7 days, and cutting the rhodiola rosea branches; and thirdly, harvesting the rhodiola rosea in the month of July in the second year. According to the invention, calcium chloride is used as an activator to promote sedum plumbizincicola to absorb manganese in manganese-polluted soil, and the manganese can form a complex with chlorine, so that the effectiveness of the manganese in the soil is promoted, and the absorption of plants to the manganese is improved; and the calcium ions can exchange manganese in the soil into the soil solution through the ion exchange effect, so that the absorption of the plants to the manganese is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manganese-polluted soil remediation, in particular to application of calcium chloride in remediation of manganese soil; further relates to application of calcium chloride as an activating agent in promoting the rhodiola wallichiana to repair manganese-polluted soil; also relates to a method for restoring manganese-polluted soil by using calcium chloride and Sedum plumbizincicola.
Background
Manganese is a common pollution heavy metal in soil, and the pollution sources mainly comprise mining and smelting of nonferrous metals, and waste water, waste slag and the like discharged from factories taking manganese as a production raw material.
The manganese content in the soil is too high, which can affect the local ecosystem and the human health. Mainly expressed in the following aspects: (1) the too high content of manganese ions shortens the root system of the plant, reduces the leaf area of the plant, reduces the photosynthesis of the plant, and hinders the synthesis of protein; (2) manganese ions in the polluted soil can enter a human body through food chains, drinking water and polluted soil particles through ways of being inhaled by the human body and the like, and excessive manganese can damage the central nervous system of people and influence the health of local residents; (3) high-content soil manganese can enter a water body through surface runoff and other ways, so that the water body quality and the health of aquatic organisms are influenced, and the human health is further harmed.
The existing manganese-polluted soil remediation methods comprise a soil replacement method, a stabilization method and a plant extraction method.
The soil-changing method and the stabilizing method both have the advantages of quick response and the like, but have the defects of large engineering quantity, higher investment cost, hidden danger of secondary pollution and the like, and are not suitable for treating the large-area polluted soil.
The phytoremediation extraction method is one of the commonly used remediation methods, and is suitable for heavy metals with high plant effectiveness. The phytoremediation method comprises planting plants (such as Sedum plumbizincicola) in heavy metal contaminated soil, and harvesting and removing the plants after the plants absorb heavy metals during growth process to reduce heavy metal content in the soil. However, researches find that the restoration efficiency is low when the Sedum plumbizincicola is adopted to restore the manganese-polluted soil according to the conventional method.
In order to promote the absorption of manganese in soil by plants, it has been proposed to apply an activating agent to improve the remediation effect of plants on manganese-contaminated soil. The commonly used activating agent is EDTA, and EDTA is applied to the soil, so that although the absorption of the manganese by the plants can be promoted to a certain extent, the EDTA is expensive, the repairing cost is high, and the EDTA is not easy to decompose in the soil and easily causes secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new application of calcium chloride aiming at the defects in the prior art: namely the application of calcium chloride in repairing manganese contaminated soil.
Furthermore, the invention also provides application of calcium chloride serving as an activator for promoting the rhodiola wallichiana to repair of manganese-polluted soil.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a specific restoration method of the manganese-polluted soil, which takes calcium chloride as an activating agent to promote the absorption of the Sedum plumbizincicola on the manganese in the soil so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the manganese content in the soil; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, applying calcium chloride in manganese-polluted soil in October of the year, ploughing the calcium chloride into a soil layer of 0-20cm, applying a proper amount of fertilizer, and then ploughing; or simultaneously scattering calcium chloride and fertilizer on the ground surface and ploughing into a 0-20cm soil layer; or turning the fertilizer into a 0-20cm soil layer, and then applying calcium chloride for turning;
secondly, ploughing calcium chloride into a soil layer for about 7 days, cutting rhodiola rosea branches according to a certain row spacing and plant spacing, and performing conventional management in the growth period of the rhodiola rosea;
and thirdly, harvesting the rhodiola rosea in the month of July in the second year.
Preferably, the calcium chloride is applied in an amount of 1.0 kg/m2～1.2 kg/m2. More preferably, the calcium chloride is applied in an amount of 1.2kg/m2。
Preferably, the fertilizer is N, P2O5And K2O is marked as a compound fertilizer with the content of 15-20-10 respectively.
The invention takes calcium chloride as an activator to promote sedum plumbizincicola to absorb manganese in the manganese-polluted soil, and the manganese can form a complex with chlorine, so that the effectiveness of the manganese in the soil is promoted, and the absorption of plants to the manganese is increased; calcium ions in the calcium chloride can exchange manganese adsorbed by soil particles into a soil solution through an ion exchange effect, so that the absorption of the plants on the manganese is further promoted. Meanwhile, calcium is a common high-content element in the calcareous soil, and the soil property cannot be deteriorated by adding the calcium in the repairing process.
Compared with the traditional plant repairing method, the invention provides a new repairing method which comprises the following steps: the method uses calcium chloride as an activator to promote the absorption of the planted Sedum plumbizincicola on manganese in the manganese-polluted soil, and tests prove that by adopting the method, the absorption of the planted Sedum plumbizincicola on manganese is more than five times of the absorption of the traditional Sedum plumbizincicola on manganese, the repairing effect is good, the calcium chloride is cheap and easy to obtain, and the repairing cost is low.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The method for repairing the manganese-polluted soil provided by the invention uses calcium chloride as an activating agent to promote the absorption of the sedum plumbizincicola on the manganese-polluted soil, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the manganese content in the polluted soil.
The applicant selects a certain manganese-polluted soil area in ruyang county, luoyang, hannan province as a test project area. The area of the ground in the test project area was 480m2The width of the plate is 15m, and the length of the plate is 32 m. Collecting 0-20cm soil samples in a project area at multiple points, mixing the soil samples, and air-drying and grindingAnd then measuring the total manganese content in the soil and the pH value of the soil. Experiments show that the total manganese content in the soil of the project area is 1368mg/kg on average, and the pH of the soil is 8.19.
In 20 days of 2017 in 10 months (the planting time of the Sedum plumbizincicola in the northern part of 10 months), the soil in the project area is fertilized, and the fertilizer adopts N, P2O5And K2O marks compound fertilizer with the content of 15-20-10 respectively, and the dosage is 30 kg/mu; then spreading the fertilizer on the ground surface, ploughing by using a tractor, ploughing the fertilizer into 0-20cm of soil, and harrowing.
Dividing the project area into 8 cells, wherein the length of each cell is consistent with the width of the project area, namely the length of each cell is 15m, and the width of each cell is 4 m; ridges with the height of about 0.5m are arranged around each cell, and a buffer area with the width of about 2m is arranged between every two adjacent cells so as to reduce the mutual influence among the cells. Then randomly selecting any 4 cells as processing cells, and taking the other 4 cells as comparison cells.
At a rate of 1.2kg/m2Uniformly spreading calcium chloride into each treatment cell, ploughing the soil to a depth of 20cm to plough the calcium chloride into the soil of 0-20cm, and then raking each treatment cell.
Uniformly forming five ditches with the width of about 0.8m in each cell within 10 months and 27 days (namely seven days after the calcium chloride is ploughed into the soil), wherein the depth of each ditch is about 5cm, and properly irrigating water in the ditches according to soil moisture; then, inserting the rhodiola sacra branches with the length of about 10cm into soil and compacting, wherein the planting distance of the rhodiola sacra is 0.2cm, and the planting depth is 3cm (namely the length of the rhodiola sacra branches buried in the soil is 3 cm); irrigating water in proper time according to soil moisture content during the growth period of the Sedum plumbizincicola, and removing field weeds.
The sedum plumbizincicola is further planted seven days after the calcium chloride is ploughed into the soil, the buffering effect of the soil is fully utilized, and a series of factors which are not beneficial to the growth of the sedum plumbizincicola and are generated by the soil after the calcium chloride is applied can be effectively buffered in the time period.
The sedum plumbizincicola is harvested in 2018, 7 and 6 months (the sedum plumbizincicola blooms in the period, the plant does not grow any more, if the sedum plumbizincicola leaves and decays, the yield is reduced), and the sedum plumbizincicola is cut close to the ground during harvesting.
Weighing the sedum plumbizincicola harvested in each cell on site, and recording the yield of the sedum plumbizincicola in each cell, wherein the specific steps are as follows: the fresh weights of the Sedum plumbizincicola in the four control cells are 582.6kg, 566.3kg, 588.9kg and 614.7kg respectively; the fresh weights of the Sedum plumbizincicola in the four processing cells are 576.8kg, 563.7kg, 521.5kg and 533.3kg respectively.
Comparing the absorption amount of the sedum plumbizincicola in the control cell and the treatment cell to the manganese in the soil:
calculating the dry weight yield of the rhodiola crenulata in each cell according to the fresh weight and the water content of the rhodiola crenulata, wherein the calculation mode is as follows: two portions of Sedum plumbizincicola are extracted from each cell to be used as a test sample, and the fresh weight of each portion of Sedum plumbizincicola is about 0.5 kg; accurately weighing each part of Sedum plumbizincicola, drying at 70 ℃, weighing (namely weighing the dry weight of each part of Sedum plumbizincicola), and calculating to obtain the water content of the Sedum plumbizincicola in each cell; calculating the dry weight of the Sedum plumbizincicola in each cell according to the water content and the fresh weight of the Sedum plumbizincicola in each cell, and obtaining the following result: the dry weight yield of Sedum plumbizincicola in four processing districts is 0.83 kg/m2、0.81 kg/m2、0.75 kg/m2And 0.76 kg/m2(ii) a The dry weight yield of Sedum plumbizincicola in four control cells is 0.78 kg/m2、0.76 kg/m2、0.78 kg/m2And 0.82 kg/m2；
Two fresh sedum plumbizincicola weighing about 0.5kg are extracted from each cell as analysis samples, and after each sedum plumbizincicola is washed, dried, crushed and digested (digested by nitric acid), the manganese content (calculated by dry weight) in each sedum plumbizincicola is measured by an atomic absorption method, and the results are as follows: the total manganese content in the Sedum plumbizincicola of the four treatment districts is 3804 mg/kg, 3759 mg/kg, 3722 mg/kg and 3928mg/kg respectively; the total manganese content of the sedum plumbizincicola in the four control cells is respectively as follows: 686 mg/kg, 715 mg/kg, 726 mg/kg and 653 mg/kg.
And finally, calculating the absorption capacity of the sedum plumbizincicola to manganese ions in the soil according to the dry weight yield of the sedum plumbizincicola in each cell and the manganese content in the sedum plumbizincicola in the cell, wherein the result is as follows:
the manganese absorption amounts of the Sedum plumbizincicola in the four treatment districts are respectively as follows: 3.145 g/m2、3.037 g/m2、2.782 g/m2And 3.003g/m2Average value of 2.992 g/m2；
The manganese absorption amounts of the four control cells of Sedum plumbizincicola are respectively as follows: 0.533 g/m2、0.540 g/m2、0.570 g/m2And 0.535 g/m2Average value of 0.545g/m2。
From the statistical data, the total manganese content of the rhodiola rosea planted in the manganese-polluted soil after the calcium chloride is applied is more than 5 times of the total manganese content of the rhodiola rosea planted in the control cell (without the calcium chloride applied), and the repairing method disclosed by the invention has an outstanding repairing effect on the manganese-polluted soil.
Claims (6)
1. Application of calcium chloride in repairing manganese-polluted soil.
2. The application of calcium chloride as an activator in promoting the rhodiola wallichiana to repair the manganese-polluted soil.
3. The method for restoring the manganese-polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the restoration method takes calcium chloride as an activating agent to promote the absorption of the Sedum plumbizincicola on the manganese in the soil so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the manganese content in the soil;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, applying calcium chloride in manganese-polluted soil in October of the year, ploughing the calcium chloride into a soil layer of 0-20cm, applying a proper amount of fertilizer, and then ploughing; or simultaneously scattering calcium chloride and fertilizer on the ground surface and ploughing into a 0-20cm soil layer; or firstly turning the fertilizer into a 0-20cm soil layer, and then applying calcium chloride for turning;
secondly, ploughing calcium chloride into a soil layer for about 7 days, cutting rhodiola rosea branches according to a certain row spacing and plant spacing, and performing conventional management in the growth period of the rhodiola rosea;
and thirdly, harvesting the rhodiola rosea in the month of July in the second year.
4. The method for remediating manganese-contaminated soil as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the application amount of the calcium chloride is 1.0 kg/m2～1.2 kg/m2。
5. The method for remediating manganese-contaminated soil as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the application amount of the calcium chloride is 1.2kg/m2。
6. The method for remediating manganese-contaminated soil as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the fertilizer is N, P2O5And K2O is marked as a compound fertilizer with the content of 15-20-10 respectively.
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| CN101507400A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2009-08-19 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method of controlling heavy metal cadmium accumulation of paddy |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |