CN112494829A - EPID with automatic imaging dose control, radiotherapy apparatus and method - Google Patents
EPID with automatic imaging dose control, radiotherapy apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000987 absorbed dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004980 dosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1064—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1071—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the dose delivered by the treatment plan
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
- A61N2005/1061—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using an x-ray imaging system having a separate imaging source
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an EPID with automatic imaging dose control function, a radiotherapy device and a method, wherein the EPID comprises the following components: scintillator layer, photoelectric conversion diode array, transistor active matrix, row scanning circuit and data read circuit still include: and the input end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the data reading circuit, the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit, and the voltage comparator is used for comparing the voltage value of the pixel capacitor in the data reading circuit with a preset voltage threshold value. The EPID and the ray generation control circuit are seamlessly integrated, so that the imaging operation can be automatically completed, the optimal imaging dose can be obtained under various imaging conditions, and the fixed imaging dose does not need to be preset in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radiotherapy, and particularly relates to an EPID with an automatic imaging dose control function, radiotherapy equipment and a radiotherapy method.
Background
When the position of a patient is verified before treatment, the conventional radiotherapy equipment needs to image the affected part of the patient through an Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID), a certain dose of rays emitted by the radiotherapy equipment penetrate through the body of the patient and are absorbed by the imaging device for imaging, different patients with different weights and the affected parts of the patient need different doses to obtain the optimal image, but the imaging dose is preset in advance according to the existing experience or template, the actual result is that most of the patients cannot obtain the optimal imaging effect, the accuracy of the placement of the treatment position of the patient is influenced, and finally the treatment effect of the patient cannot achieve the expected effect.
The main structure of the currently used electronic portal imaging device is generally composed of a scintillator layer, a photoelectric conversion diode array, a thin film transistor active matrix, a row scanning circuit and a data reading circuit. When enough signals are collected for one image, the line scanning circuit can turn on one line of transistor circuits in sequence to transfer the signals stored in the pixel capacitors to an external charge amplifier for pre-amplification, the signals are read by an external circuit and are converted into digital signals through an AD conversion circuit, and the digital signals are finally converted into image information which can be displayed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an EPID having an automatic imaging dose control function, a radiotherapy apparatus and a method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention discloses an EPID with automatic imaging dose control function, comprising: scintillator layer, photoelectric conversion diode array, transistor active matrix, row scanning circuit and data read circuit still include: and the input end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the data reading circuit, the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit, and the voltage comparator is used for comparing the voltage value of the pixel capacitor in the data reading circuit with a preset voltage threshold value.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the following improvements can be made:
preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the voltage threshold adjusting circuit is electrically connected with the voltage comparator circuit and is used for adjusting a voltage threshold for comparing with the voltage value in the pixel voltage.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit through the signal regulating circuit.
Preferably, the signal conditioning circuit includes: the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit through the signal amplifying circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit in sequence.
In another aspect, the invention also discloses a radiotherapy apparatus comprising: any of the above EPIDs with an automatic imaging dose control function and a radiation generation control circuit.
In addition, the invention also discloses a radiotherapy method, which utilizes the radiotherapy equipment to carry out treatment and specifically comprises the following steps:
the EPID starts to work, and the voltage comparator detects the voltage value of the pixel capacitor in the data reading circuit in real time and compares the voltage value with a preset voltage threshold value;
if the voltage value of the pixel capacitor reaches a preset voltage threshold value, the voltage comparator outputs a judgment signal to the ray generation control circuit, otherwise, the voltage comparator does not act;
the ray generation control circuit immediately stops the generation of rays after receiving the judgment signal output by the voltage comparator;
the EPID gives the best imaging dose, at which point the imaging quality is best.
Preferably, before the EPID works, the method further comprises the following steps: the voltage threshold adjustment circuit adjusts a voltage threshold for comparison with a voltage value within the pixel voltage.
Preferably, after the voltage comparator outputs the determination signal, the determination signal is amplified by the signal amplifying circuit, stabilized by the voltage stabilizing circuit and then sent to the radiation generation control circuit.
Preferably, after the voltage comparator determines that the voltage value of the pixel capacitor reaches the preset voltage threshold, the voltage value of the pixel capacitor is sent to the AD conversion circuit for digital processing, and subsequent image information processing and display are performed.
The invention discloses an EPID with automatic imaging dose control function, radiotherapy equipment and a method, which have the following beneficial effects: the EPID and the ray generation control circuit are seamlessly integrated, so that the imaging operation can be automatically completed, the optimal imaging dose can be obtained under various imaging conditions, and the fixed imaging dose does not need to be preset in advance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an EPID of an automatic imaging dose control function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a radiotherapy apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a radiation therapy method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: the radiation therapy device comprises a 1-photoelectric conversion diode array, a 2-transistor active matrix, a 3-row scanning circuit, a 4-data reading circuit, a 5-pixel capacitor, a 6-AD conversion circuit, a 7-voltage comparator, an 8-voltage threshold adjusting circuit, a 9-EPID, a 10-ray generation control circuit and a 11-radiation therapy device.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The expression "comprising" an element is an "open" expression which merely means that there are corresponding parts, which should not be interpreted as excluding additional parts.
Regarding the EPID mentioned in the background art, the imaging quality of the EPID is generally considered to be determined by the quality of the EPID itself by those skilled in the art, but the applicant finds that the quality of the image can be judged by whether the voltage value stored in the pixel capacitor 5 in the data reading circuit 4 reaches the optimum voltage value, if the X-ray dose for imaging is insufficient, the voltage value in the pixel voltage is too low, the signal converted by the digital AD conversion circuit 6 is also low, and the displayed image information loses much detail and loses the judgment value. Similarly, if the imaging dose is too large, the pixel voltage reaches the saturation state, the signals converted by the AD conversion circuit 6 are all the same maximum value, no useful information exists, and the displayed image also has no practical significance.
Therefore, the present invention finds that determining whether the voltage value in the pixel voltage reaches the optimal value is a determining factor for determining the quality of the image.
To achieve the objects of the present invention, in some embodiments of an EPID, a radiotherapy apparatus and method with automatic imaging dose control, as shown in fig. 1, the EPID includes: the scintillator layer, the photoelectric conversion diode array 1, the transistor active matrix 2, the row scanning circuit 3, and the data reading circuit 4 further include: and the voltage comparator 7, the input end of the voltage comparator 7 is electrically connected with the data reading circuit 4, the output end of the voltage comparator 7 is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit 10, and the voltage comparator 7 is used for comparing the voltage value of the pixel capacitor 5 in the data reading circuit 4 with a preset voltage threshold value.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments of the EPID, the rest of the feature technologies are the same, except that the method further includes: and a voltage threshold adjusting circuit 8, wherein the voltage threshold adjusting circuit 8 is electrically connected to the voltage comparator 7, and the voltage threshold adjusting circuit 8 is used for adjusting a voltage threshold for comparison with a voltage value in the pixel voltage.
The voltage threshold adjusting circuit 8 can adjust the magnitude of the voltage threshold, so that the optimal imaging dose of the imaging device can be adjusted, and the optimal imaging dose of the imaging device can be adjusted periodically.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments of the EPID, the rest of the feature technologies are the same, except that the method further includes: and the output end of the signal conditioning circuit and the voltage comparator 7 are electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit 10 through the signal conditioning circuit.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments of the EPID, the rest of the features are the same, except that the signal conditioning circuit comprises: the output end of the voltage comparator 7 is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit 10 through the signal amplifying circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit in sequence.
As shown in fig. 2, in another aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a radiotherapy apparatus 11, comprising: any embodiment discloses the EPID9 with automatic imaging dose control function and the ray generation control circuit 10.
As shown in fig. 3, in addition, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a radiation therapy method, which performs therapy by using the radiation therapy device 11, and specifically includes the following steps:
the EPID9 starts to work, and the voltage comparator 7 detects the voltage value of the pixel capacitor 5 in the data reading circuit 4 in real time and compares the voltage value with a preset voltage threshold value;
if the voltage value of the pixel capacitor 5 reaches a preset voltage threshold value, the voltage comparator 7 outputs a judgment signal to the ray generation control circuit 10, otherwise, the voltage comparator 7 does not act;
the ray generation control circuit 10 immediately terminates the generation of the ray after receiving the judgment signal output by the voltage comparator 7;
the EPID gives the best imaging dose, at which point the imaging quality is best.
In order to further optimize the effectiveness of the present invention, in other embodiments of the radiation therapy method, the remaining features are the same, except that before the EPID9 is activated, the following steps are included: the voltage threshold adjustment circuit 8 adjusts a voltage threshold for comparison with a voltage value in the pixel voltage.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments of the radiotherapy method, the rest features are the same, except that after the voltage comparator 7 outputs the judgment signal, the judgment signal is amplified by the signal amplifying circuit, stabilized by the voltage stabilizing circuit and sent to the radiation generation control circuit 10.
In order to further optimize the implementation effect of the present invention, in other embodiments of the radiotherapy method, the rest features are the same, except that after the voltage comparator 7 determines that the voltage value of the pixel capacitor 5 reaches the preset voltage threshold, the voltage value of the pixel capacitor 5 is sent to the AD conversion circuit 6 for digital processing, and subsequent image information processing and display are performed.
The various embodiments above may be implemented in cross-parallel.
The exposure dose of the existing radiotherapy device 11 for imaging is fixed, and different high and low doses are usually preset for selection according to the affected part of the patient, so that the imaging dose cannot be flexibly adjusted dynamically according to the weight of the patient and the affected part. In fact, the absorbed dose of the radiation passing through different patients with different weights or different parts of the same patient is different, and the dose finally reached to the imaging device for imaging is changed, and the imaging element does not receive the optimal imaging dose, so the imaging quality is uneven, and the optimal imaging effect is rarely reached.
The radiation generation control signal of the conventional radiotherapy apparatus 11 is fed back by the dose measuring circuit, and when the dose measuring circuit detects that the radiation dose that has been delivered reaches the preset radiation dose, a signal is sent to the radiation generation control circuit to terminate the radiation output, and then the image is read and subjected to the subsequent processing. However, the dose measuring circuit is complicated in structure.
The invention adds a voltage comparator 7 on the existing EPID9, so that the voltage comparator can detect the voltage value stored on the pixel capacitor 5 and judge whether the voltage value is close to the optimal state, if the voltage value is close to the optimal value, a judgment signal is automatically sent to the ray generation control circuit 10, the ray output is immediately stopped, the imaging device can receive the optimal imaging dose, and the purpose of optimally imaging all patients and all imaging parts is realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
first, the imaging dose can be automatically optimized to ensure that the best quality image can be obtained each time imaging is performed.
Second, the EPID is seamlessly integrated with the radiation generation control circuit 10 without the involvement of a dosimetry circuit.
Thirdly, the signal sent by the EPID directly controls a ray control circuit to ensure the quick response of the imaging system
The EPID, the radiotherapy equipment and the method with the automatic imaging dose control function of the invention are seamlessly integrated with the ray generation control circuit 10, not only can automatically complete the imaging operation, but also can obtain the optimal imaging dose under various imaging conditions without presetting the fixed imaging dose in advance.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An EPID with automatic imaging dose control function, comprising: scintillator layer, photoelectric conversion diode array, transistor active matrix, row scanning circuit and data reading circuit, its characterized in that still includes: and the input end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the data reading circuit, the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit, and the voltage comparator is used for comparing the voltage value of the pixel capacitor in the data reading circuit with a preset voltage threshold value.
2. The EPID of claim 1, further comprising: a voltage threshold adjustment circuit electrically connected to the voltage comparator circuit, the voltage threshold adjustment circuit adjusting a voltage threshold for comparison with the voltage value within the pixel voltage.
3. The EPID of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: and the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit through the signal regulating circuit.
4. The EPID of claim 3, wherein the signal conditioning circuit comprises: the output end of the voltage comparator is electrically connected with the ray generation control circuit through the signal amplification circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit in sequence.
5. Radiotherapy apparatus, characterized in that it comprises: the EPID with automatic imaging dose control function and the radiation generation control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. Radiotherapy method, characterized in that the treatment is carried out with a radiotherapy apparatus according to claim 5, comprising in particular the following steps:
the EPID starts to work, and the voltage comparator detects the voltage value of the pixel capacitor in the data reading circuit in real time and compares the voltage value with a preset voltage threshold value;
if the voltage value of the pixel capacitor reaches a preset voltage threshold value, the voltage comparator outputs a judgment signal to the ray generation control circuit, otherwise, the voltage comparator does not act;
the ray generation control circuit immediately stops the generation of rays after receiving the judgment signal output by the voltage comparator;
the EPID gives the best imaging dose, at which point the imaging quality is best.
7. The radiation therapy method of claim 6, further comprising, before the EPID is operated, the steps of: the voltage threshold value adjusting circuit adjusts a voltage threshold value for comparison with the voltage value within the pixel voltage.
8. The radiotherapy method according to claim 6, wherein when the voltage comparator outputs the judgment signal, the judgment signal is amplified by the signal amplifying circuit, stabilized by the voltage stabilizing circuit, and then sent to the radiation generation control circuit.
9. The radiotherapy method of claim 6, wherein the voltage comparator sends the voltage value of the pixel capacitor to the AD conversion circuit for digital processing after determining that the voltage value of the pixel capacitor reaches the preset voltage threshold, and then the subsequent image information processing and display are performed.
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| CN202011542150.7A CN112494829A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | EPID with automatic imaging dose control, radiotherapy apparatus and method |
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| CN202011542150.7A CN112494829A (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | EPID with automatic imaging dose control, radiotherapy apparatus and method |
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