CN112493213A - Biological sampling trawl net for fish in upper layer in deep water - Google Patents
Biological sampling trawl net for fish in upper layer in deep water Download PDFInfo
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- CN112493213A CN112493213A CN202011362689.4A CN202011362689A CN112493213A CN 112493213 A CN112493213 A CN 112493213A CN 202011362689 A CN202011362689 A CN 202011362689A CN 112493213 A CN112493213 A CN 112493213A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004706 scrotum Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241001504582 Trachurus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001125048 Sardina Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001125843 Trichiuridae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019513 anchovy Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019512 sardine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000013355 Mycteroperca interstitialis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K73/00—Drawn nets
- A01K73/02—Trawling nets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K73/00—Drawn nets
- A01K73/02—Trawling nets
- A01K73/025—Regulation of net depth
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a biological sampling trawl for fish at the upper layer in deep water, which comprises a back net, an abdomen net, a left net, a right net, a floaters line, a sinzises line, a side line and a net bag, wherein the back net and the abdomen net are vertically symmetrical, the left net and the right net are bilaterally symmetrical and enclose to form a trawl net body, the net bag is positioned at the tail part of the net body, the tightening widths of the net openings of the back net, the abdomen net and the two side nets account for 26.79% and 23.21% of the perimeter of the net opening, the ratio of the length of a net sleeve to the perimeter of the net opening is 0.071, the ratio of the length of the net body to the perimeter of the net opening is 0.158, the length of the net sleeve accounts for 29.3% of the total length of a net, the net body accounts for 62.63% of the total length of the net, and lifting sails with adjustable. The net of the invention is linear and smooth, has the characteristics of large horizontal and vertical expansion and small water resistance of the net, and the arrangement of the lifting sail structure can conveniently adjust the water layer of the trawl, meet the harvesting and catching requirements of the upper fishes in deep water and meet the requirements of different operating depths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of trawlnets, and particularly relates to a trawlnet for sampling fish organisms in an upper layer in deep water.
Background
The marine fishery resource investigation is carried out to comprehensively know the dynamic change of fishery resources and evaluate the fishery resource condition, and the purpose is to provide scientific basis for production and management, fishery development and fishery management decision.
At present, two methods of water acoustics and fishing science are respectively adopted for fishery resource investigation and evaluation. The underwater acoustics method mainly comprises a digital echo detector and a double-frequency identification sonar, but the estimated target fish species still need to be collected by different netting gears, and the underwater acoustics method is more suitable for the resource investigation of single fish species and fishing grounds; the fishing learning mainly uses a special bottom layer trawl or a water layer changing trawl for investigation, the fishing learning can not only investigate the mixed habitat resources of various fishes, but also investigate the resources of a single fish species, and the special trawl is a main tool for collecting fish samples.
Since the beginning of the 60's of the 20 th century, the development of ocean fisheries, countries such as the former soviet union, norway, canada, japan, korea, etc., had been conducted many investigations by the FAO in marine fishery resources in countries related to the atlantic, the indian ocean, the pacific coast africa, the central america, the middle east, and asia, and various fish samples were collected mainly from bottom fishes using a special biological sampling net mainly based on a bottom trawl.
In the 80 s of the 20 th century, countries such as European Norway, Poland, Germany, Soviet Union, Japan and the like, in order to develop middle and upper layer fish resources such as trachurus of Africa south Africa West bank, the near-Wailan Nanbiya, Argentina of south America, the near-Wailan trachurus of Chilean and the like, six-piece type and ten-piece type middle and upper layer fish biological sampling nets are respectively developed, and a special tool is provided for carrying out resource investigation of the middle and upper layer fishes in deep water.
In the middle of the 80 th year and a period of time after 2000 years in the 20 th century, China utilized large trawler to investigate the northwest Pacific ocean Alaska Pollack fishery, Argentina and Chile outer sea trachurus fishery, and the fish sample was sampled by using an original production net instead of a professional sampling net.
In 2016, several 2000-class and 3000-ton fishery resource scientific investigation ships are built in China in the relevant marine aquatic product research institute successively, and the ships can meet the requirements of comprehensive scientific investigation of marine fishery resource environments in China and foreign countries at the same time. In future, the current situation of development and utilization of marine fishery resources in China is deeply known through fishery resource environment investigation, international fishery cooperation is better developed while the fishery management in China is strengthened, fishery resource environment investigation in underdeveloped countries is facilitated, and the investigation region investigates the resources of middle-upper layer fishes such as sardine, mackerel, carangid, anchovy, squid, mackerel, hairtail and the like in the deep water region in the open sea except for the fish on the bottom layer along the bank. With the burden of middle and outside fishery resource environment investigation in future, the investigation quality and level need to be continuously improved, and development of a sampling net suitable for collecting fish organisms in the upper layer of deep water, fishery resource environment investigation and international connection is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a biological sampling trawl for fish in the upper layer in deep water, which has larger horizontal and vertical expansion and small water resistance of the trawl, can adjust the water-changing layer and meet the requirement of harvesting and catching the fish in the upper layer in deep water.
The invention provides a biological sampling trawl for fish at the upper layer in deep water, which comprises a back net, an abdomen net, a left net, a right net, a flotage line, a sinker line, a side line and a net sac, wherein the back net and the abdomen net are vertically symmetrical, the left net and the right net are bilaterally symmetrical and enclose to form a trawl net body, the net sac is positioned at the tail part of the net body, the net mouth tensioning width of the back net and the abdomen net accounts for 26.79% of the perimeter of the net mouth, the net mouth tensioning width of the left net and the right net accounts for 23.21% of the perimeter of the net mouth, the ratio of the length of a net sleeve to the perimeter of the net mouth is 0.071, the ratio of the length of the net body to the perimeter of the net mouth is 0.158, the length of a net sleeve accounts for 29.3% of the total length of the net, the net body accounts for 62.63% of the net body, and the net mesh lengths from the net sleeve to the net sac are 12m, 11m, 10m, 8m and 6m respectively, 3.2m, 1.6m, 0.8m, 0.4m, 0.2m, 0.16m, 0.12m, 0.10m, 0.08m and 0.066m, wherein the part with the mesh length of more than 1.6m accounts for 61.31 percent of the total length of the netting, the part with the mesh length of less than 0.8m accounts for 38.69 percent of the total length of the netting, the proportion of the part with the mesh length of less than 0.2m in the length of the net body is 43 percent, and the lifting sail with adjustable opening degree is arranged on the back netting at the position of the floating line.
The lines of the dorsal-abdominal net are respectively 4 meshes, the horizontal shrinkage coefficient is 0.35, the inclined sides are manually knitted by adopting slopes of 1-3 and 1-1, the line matching coefficient of 1-3 frontiers is 1.25, and the line matching coefficient of 1-1 frontiers is 0.98.
The middle lines of the two side nets are respectively 3 meshes, the horizontal shrinkage coefficient is 0.35, the inclined sides are manually knitted by using 1-3 and 1-1 slopes, the 1-3 edge line coefficient is 1.25, and the 1-1 edge line configuration coefficient is 0.98.
The transverse sections enclosed by the back netting, the abdomen netting, the left side netting and the right side netting are sewn by a knitting structure, and the longitudinal interval sewing is a seam winding structure.
Two ends of the side headrope are respectively provided with a porous lantern ring and are respectively connected with the floating headrope and the sinker headrope through the porous lantern rings.
The two front ends of the sinker line are provided with heavy hammers.
Advantageous effects
According to the invention, by designing the structure of the trawl, the net is linear and smooth, and has the characteristics of large horizontal and vertical expansion and small net water resistance, and the arrangement of the lifting sail structure can conveniently adjust the water layer of the trawl, meet the harvesting and catching requirements of the upper fishes in deep water, and meet the requirements of different operating water depths.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an expanded view of the net of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the floating line of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sinker line of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the outline of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The biological sampling trawl for the fish at the upper layer in the deep water comprises a back net 7, a belly net 4, a left side net 2, a right side net 5, a floaters 1, a chinses 3, a sidelines 9 and a net sac 6, and is shown in figure 1.
The trawl adopts a four-piece structure, and the net clothes comprise a back net clothes 7, two side net clothes and a belly net clothes 4. The back and abdomen netting and the two side netting are respectively symmetrical, and the width of the net opening is slightly larger than that of the two side nets, so that the net opening is favorably expanded. The width of each of the back and abdomen net openings is 180m and accounts for 26.79% of the circumference of the net opening, and the width of the net openings on the two sides is 156m and accounts for 23.21% of the circumference of the net opening. The reasonable scale proportion of each part of the net is a main factor for determining the hydrodynamic performance of the trawl, the ratio of the length of the net sleeve to the perimeter of the net opening is 0.071, and the corresponding length of the net sleeve is 48 m. The ratio of the length of the net body to the circumference of the net opening is 0.158, and the length of the net body is 106.56m correspondingly. The total length of the designed netting gear is 163.76m, wherein the length of the net sleeves accounts for 29.3 percent (48m) of the total length of the netting gear. The net body occupies 62.63% (106.56m) of the total length of the net. The part with the large mesh size of more than 1.6m accounts for 61.31 percent of the total length of the netting gear. The part below 0.8m accounts for 38.69% of the total length of the net. The net mesh part with the mesh size of less than 0.2m accounts for 43 percent of the total length of the net body, so that the capture rate of the fish can be improved.
The large mesh part adopts 7 mesh length changes, wherein the length changes of the front 5 meshes, the number of the back and abdomen meshes and the number of the meshes on the two sides are kept the same up and down, the change of the slope is naturally formed, and the weaving process is simplified.
The net has back and belly lines of 4 meshes, horizontal shrinkage coefficient of 0.35, inclined sides of 1-3 and 1-1 slopes of manual knitting, 1-3 sidelines of 1.25, and 1-1 sidelines of 0.98. The net centre lines on two sides are 3 meshes, the horizontal shrinkage coefficient is 0.35, the inclined sides are manually knitted by using 1-3 and 1-1 slopes, the 1-3 border line coefficient is 1.25, and the 1-1 border line configuration coefficient is 0.98.
The net is woven from the net sleeves to the net bag opening, the large mesh part of the net is knitted by hand, the large mesh part of the net body with the size of more than 1.6m is equal to the transverse mesh number from top to bottom, and the net body forms a natural slope by a method of changing the mesh length. The small mesh part below 0.8m of the net body is gradually reduced by using a cutting slope method, the cutting edges of the four pieces of netting are kept in full symmetry, the net is in a conical shape, and the net is in a linear flow field. The net body is divided into 14 sections, and the large mesh part and the small mesh part are divided into 7 sections respectively. The netting material uses ultra-high molecular weight nylon at a large mesh part from the net sleeves to 7 sections of the net body, and the diameters of net wires are respectively 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm and 5 mm; the small mesh part of 7 sections of the net body is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the diameters of the net wires are respectively 4mm, 3mm and 4 mm. Mesh lengths from the mesh sleeve to the sac are 15 specifications, such as 12m, 11m, 10m, 8m, 6m, 3.2m, 1.6m, 0.8m, 0.4m, 0.2m, 0.16m, 0.12m, 0.10m, 0.08m, 0.066m, and the like.
The four pieces of netting are sewed by a weaving and sewing method, the four pieces of netting are sewed by a winding and sewing method, and the upper and lower net openings of the netting are connected with the floating and sinking net ropes, and the left and right side net openings are connected with the two side net ropes.
The floating line is made of a Dinima ultra-high elastic material with the diameter of 18mm, the length of the Dinima ultra-high elastic material is 109.92m, deep-groove porous lantern rings are arranged at two ends of the floating line, and a lifting sail with the length of 4 multiplied by 2.2 multiplied by 0.6m is arranged in the middle of the floating line, so that the vertical expansion force can be improved while the hard float is reduced, the lifting force is obviously improved when the floating line is dragged at the dragging speed of more than 3.5 knots, the maximum lifting force can reach 500 plus 700kg, and the deep water pressure is.
The sinker line uses a 16mm diameter non-blocking iron chain with a length of 109.92m and a weight of 745kg in air. In order to improve the vertical expansion of the net and the smooth running of the net, a weight 250kg is respectively arranged at the two front ends of the sinker line.
The side rope is made of a Dinima ultrahigh-strength material with the diameter of 18mm, the length of the side rope is 93.96m, and two ends of the side rope are provided with deep-groove porous lantern rings and are respectively connected with two ends of the float-sinker rope.
The trawl is linear and smooth in whole, has the characteristics of large horizontal and vertical expansion and small net water resistance, and the arrangement of the lifting sail structure can conveniently adjust the water layer of the trawl, meet the requirements of catching fishes at the upper layer in deep water, mainly catch sardine, mackerel, carangid, anchovy, mackerel, squid and hairtail, and meet the requirements of different operating water depths.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a biological sampling trawl of upper fish in deep water, includes back etting (7), abdomen etting (4), left side etting (2), right side etting (5), float class (1), sinker class (3), side class (9) and scrotum (6), back etting (7) and abdomen etting (4) longitudinal symmetry left side etting (2) and right side etting (2) bilateral symmetry enclose and close formation trawl net body, scrotum (6) are located the afterbody of dictyosome, its characterized in that: the net mouth tensioning width of the back net (7) and the abdomen net (4) accounts for 26.79% of the perimeter of the net mouth, the net mouth tensioning width of the left net (2) and the right net (5) accounts for 23.21 percent of the perimeter of the net mouth, the ratio of the length of the net sleeve to the perimeter of the net mouth is 0.071, the ratio of the length of the net body to the perimeter of the net mouth is 0.158, the length of the net sleeve accounts for 29.3 percent of the total length of the net, the length of the net body accounts for 62.63 percent of the total length of the net, the mesh lengths from the net sleeve to the net bag are respectively 12m, 11m, 10m, 8m, 6m, 3.2m, 1.6m, 0.8m, 0.4m, 0.2m, 0.16m, 0.12m, 0.10m, 0.08m and 0.066m, wherein the part with mesh length of more than 1.6m accounts for 61.31% of the total length of the net, the part with mesh length of less than 0.8m accounts for 38.69% of the total length of the net, the proportion of the part with mesh length of less than 0.2m in the net body length is 43%, and a lifting sail (8) with adjustable opening degree is arranged at the position of the floating rope (1) on the back netting (7).
2. The deep water upper layer fish organism sampling trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lines of the dorsal-abdominal net are respectively 4 meshes, the horizontal shrinkage coefficient is 0.35, the inclined sides are manually knitted by adopting slopes of 1-3 and 1-1, the line matching coefficient of 1-3 frontiers is 1.25, and the line matching coefficient of 1-1 frontiers is 0.98.
3. The deep water upper layer fish organism sampling trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle lines of the two side nets are respectively 3 meshes, the horizontal shrinkage coefficient is 0.35, the inclined sides are manually knitted by using 1-3 and 1-1 slopes, the 1-3 edge line coefficient is 1.25, and the 1-1 edge line configuration coefficient is 0.98.
4. The deep water upper layer fish organism sampling trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that: the back netting (7), the abdomen netting (4), the left side netting (2) and the right side netting (5) enclose transverse sections and are sewn by adopting a knitting structure, and the longitudinal sections are sewn by adopting a circumferential sewing structure.
5. The deep water upper layer fish organism sampling trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that: two ends of the side headrope (9) are respectively provided with a porous lantern ring and are respectively connected with the floating headrope (1) and the sinker headrope (3) through the porous lantern rings.
6. The deep water upper layer fish organism sampling trawl according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two front ends of the sinker line (3) are provided with a heavy hammer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011362689.4A CN112493213A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Biological sampling trawl net for fish in upper layer in deep water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011362689.4A CN112493213A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Biological sampling trawl net for fish in upper layer in deep water |
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| CN112493213A true CN112493213A (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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| CN202011362689.4A Pending CN112493213A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Biological sampling trawl net for fish in upper layer in deep water |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040244264A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-12-09 | Safwat Sherif Adham | Anti-collapse backend for high volume narrow cod-end pelagic trawl |
| CN2932992Y (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2007-08-15 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Sampling trawl for Antarctic krill |
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| CN101614634A (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-30 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Aquaculture net cage casing etting or trawlnet fishing gear net keed order opposite angle strength detection method |
| CN103988816A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-20 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Antarctic krill trawl fishing net |
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2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202011362689.4A patent/CN112493213A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040244264A1 (en) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-12-09 | Safwat Sherif Adham | Anti-collapse backend for high volume narrow cod-end pelagic trawl |
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| CN101543196A (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-09-30 | 荣成市石岛运通渔网厂 | Sparse mesh metalimnion otter-trawl |
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| CN204259649U (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-04-15 | 中国水产有限公司 | A kind of deep water otter-trawl netting gear structure |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |