CN112492497A - T/S parameter measuring method and device for loudspeaker and electronic equipment - Google Patents
T/S parameter measuring method and device for loudspeaker and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112492497A CN112492497A CN202011593144.4A CN202011593144A CN112492497A CN 112492497 A CN112492497 A CN 112492497A CN 202011593144 A CN202011593144 A CN 202011593144A CN 112492497 A CN112492497 A CN 112492497A
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
- H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
- H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type
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Abstract
The invention provides a T/S parameter measuring method and device of a loudspeaker and electronic equipment, wherein the T/S parameter measuring method of the loudspeaker comprises the following steps: acquiring a first impedance curve of a loudspeaker under the condition that a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker under no load; obtaining the structure of an equivalent circuit of a loudspeaker and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit; determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve; and adjusting the equivalent parameters to obtain a measurement result by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measurement impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target. According to the T/S parameter measuring method of the loudspeaker, the equivalent impedance function is established, the parameters obtained by measuring the impedance curve are used as initial values to be gradually optimized, accurate measuring results can be obtained under the condition of collecting fewer frequency points, measuring time is short, the research and development quality of the earphone is improved, and research and development speed is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of acoustics, in particular to a T/S parameter measuring method and device of a loudspeaker and electronic equipment.
Background
The loudspeaker is widely applied to electronic equipment such as earphones, and when the loudspeaker is designed, parameters of the loudspeaker need to be measured firstly, so that the subsequent structure can be conveniently designed. Among them, the T/S parameter is a group of parameters which have the widest application range and are accepted by practitioners in the electroacoustic industry.
In the prior art, when measuring a T/S parameter, a limited number of frequency points on an impedance curve are usually swept point by point to read a center frequency, a peak value, and a bandwidth for subsequent calculation, and since the number of the frequency points is small, a measurement result is inaccurate. In order to improve the accuracy, in the related art, multiple groups of curves are measured, an average value is taken, or the number of the frequency points is customized, and more frequency points are swept point by point, but the time consumed by measurement is prolonged, and the improvement on the accuracy is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a T/S parameter measuring method, a measuring device and electronic equipment of a loudspeaker, which are used for solving the defect of inaccurate measurement in the prior art and realizing high-efficiency and high-quality detection.
The invention provides a T/S parameter measuring method of a loudspeaker, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a first impedance curve of the loudspeaker when a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
acquiring the structure of an equivalent circuit of the loudspeaker, and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit;
determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
and adjusting the equivalent parameters to obtain a measurement result by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measurement impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker provided by the present invention, the adjusting the equivalent parameter to obtain the measurement result with the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as the target includes:
determining a degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance;
updating the equivalent parameters based on the difference degree;
determining that the difference degree is not less than a target value, re-determining the difference degree between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance based on the updated equivalent parameter until the difference degree is determined to be less than the target value, and taking the updated equivalent parameter as the measurement result.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker provided by the present invention, the updating the equivalent parameter includes:
determining a derivative of the equivalent parameter with respect to the degree of difference;
updating the equivalent parameter based on the derivative.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method of the speaker provided by the present invention, the difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance is the sum of squares of the difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method of the speaker provided by the present invention, the obtaining of the structure of the equivalent circuit of the speaker includes:
and converting the mechanical characteristics of the loudspeaker into electrical characteristics to obtain the structure of the equivalent circuit.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker provided by the present invention, the determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve includes:
determining mechanical parameters and a power conversion factor of the loudspeaker based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the mechanical parameter and the power conversion factor.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method for the speaker provided by the present invention, the determining the mechanical parameters and the power conversion factor of the speaker based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve includes:
determining the force compliance of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the central angular frequency of the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve and the mass of the load;
determining a mass of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the force compliance and a center angle frequency of the second impedance curve;
determining a quality factor of the loudspeaker based on the second impedance curve;
determining the power conversion factor based on the quality factor and the quality of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker.
The invention also provides a T/S parameter measuring device of the loudspeaker, comprising:
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining a first impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the structure of the equivalent circuit of the loudspeaker and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit;
a first determining module, configured to determine an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
and the fitting module is used for adjusting the equivalent parameters to obtain a measurement result by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target.
The invention also provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the T/S parameter measuring method of the loudspeaker.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for measuring T/S parameters of a loudspeaker as described in any one of the above.
According to the method, the device and the electronic equipment for measuring the T/S parameters of the loudspeaker, the equivalent impedance function is established, the parameters obtained by measuring the impedance curve are used as initial values to be gradually optimized, accurate measurement results can be obtained under the condition of collecting few frequency points, the measurement time is short, the research and development quality of the earphone is improved, and the research and development speed is accelerated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring T/S parameters of a loudspeaker provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an impedance curve obtained in the T/S parameter measuring method of a speaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an equivalent circuit obtained in the method for measuring T/S parameters of a speaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of step 130 of the method for measuring T/S parameters of a speaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of step 140 in the method for measuring T/S parameters of a speaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the T/S parameters measured in the prior art;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the results of T/S parameters measured by the method for measuring T/S parameters of a speaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a T/S parameter measuring device for a loudspeaker provided by the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Thiele-Small parameters (T/S parameters for short) are basic parameters of mathematical models of loudspeaker systems proposed by a.n. Thiele and r.h. Small, and adopted by the AES2-1984(r2003) standard. While most of the useful loudspeaker parameters have been defined by other researchers before a.n.thiele and r.h.small, Thiele and Small design these parameters as a whole with a few new parameters and are easy to measure and design. The guidance of the T/S parameters in speaker system design is currently generally accepted and accepted in the industry.
The T/S parameters include a range of parameters, common parameters in headphone design including but not limited to:
fs-speaker resonance frequency in free space;
QTSat fsThe total Q value at, i.e. the total quality factor, including all losses of the loudspeaker;
QESat fsThe value of the electrical Q in time, i.e. the electrical quality factor, only taking into account the resistance Re；
QMSAt fsThe mechanical Q value at the time, i.e. the mechanical quality factor, only takes into account the non-resistive part;
Veqacoustic compliance with loudspeaker suspension system CasCorresponding to an equivalent air volume of the formula
Re-the direct current resistance of the loudspeaker voice coil.
When earphone design is usually carried out, only a few parameters are selected from T/S parameters to be measured according to specific project requirements.
The T/S parameter measuring method of the speaker of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring T/S parameters of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention includes steps 110 to 140.
Step 110, acquiring a first impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
the impedance of a loudspeaker generally changes with frequency, and the curve of the impedance modulus value with frequency is called an impedance curve. The measured impedance curve is of a numerical type.
In the actual implementation process, the measurement needs to be performed based on the power amplifier and the impedance box, for example, the measurement can be performed based on soundchip software.
In actual measurement, the following two sets of data need to be measured:
first, the diaphragm of the loudspeaker is idle
That is, a load is not added on the diaphragm of the loudspeaker, the impedance box, the power amplifier and the loudspeaker unit are connected during measurement, the voltage is input so that the output power of the power amplifier is 1mW power, the measurement is carried out by using a built-in sequence of SoundCheck software, and a second impedance curve can be output.
Secondly, the diaphragm of the loudspeaker is loaded
That is, a load is added on a diaphragm of the loudspeaker, the impedance box, the power amplifier and the loudspeaker unit are connected during measurement, voltage is input so that the output power of the power amplifier is 1mW power, measurement is performed by using a built-in sequence of SoundCck software, and a first impedance curve can be output.
Specifically, the mass of the load may float up to and down to 10% of the mass of the diaphragm, for example, plasticine may be used as the load, the plasticine is placed on the diaphragm of the speaker, and the impedance curve is measured according to the above method to obtain the first impedance curve.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a 40mm size speaker, the impedance curve measured in the free field, the solid line represents the first impedance curve, and the dotted line represents the second impedance curve.
it can be understood that the loudspeaker itself is a transducer integrating an electrical terminal, a mechanical terminal and an acoustic terminal, and an equivalent circuit of the loudspeaker can be built by adopting a method of an electrical, force and acoustic analog circuit diagram. And acoustic characteristics and mechanical characteristics are completely converted to the electrical end, so that resistance analysis is facilitated.
Since the acoustic signature has a limited effect due to measurements under pressure fields, the acoustic end signature can be omitted here for simplicity of analysis.
In an actual implementation, the mechanical characteristics of the speaker can be converted into electrical characteristics, resulting in the structure of the equivalent circuit.
In fig. 3, the meaning of the individual parameters is:
Re-a dc resistance of the loudspeaker voice coil;
Res-an equivalent mechanical resistance of a loudspeaker containing an air load;
Ces-the equivalent mass of a loudspeaker containing an air load;
Lesequivalent compliance of the loudspeaker suspension system.
In the invention, the electrical impedance curve is equivalent, and all mechanical characteristics are converted into electrical characteristics. The coupling of the magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker and the mechanical characteristics can be described by a power conversion factor Bl, and the mechanical characteristics can be converted into electrical characteristics by using the principle of a transformer: damping RMSConversion to the electrical terminal to obtain the equivalent resistance ResMass MMSConversion to the electrical terminal to obtain equivalent mass CesC, smooth force CMSConverting to the electricity end to obtain the equivalent force Les。
In this step, the structure of the equivalent circuit shown in fig. 3 can be obtained.
Based on the structure of the equivalent circuit, the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit can be determined as follows:
wherein Z isesIs the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit, ReIs direct current resistance, j is an imaginary part, omega is a frequency point, CesTo an equivalent mass, LesIs equivalent to mechanical compliance.
In this step, the determined equivalent impedance is only a function of the equivalent impedance determined based on the structure of the equivalent circuit.
since the first impedance curve of the diaphragm strip under load is obtained in step 110, the initial value of the T/S parameter may be determined in step 130 using an additional load method.
It should be noted that, in the related art, the initial value is often used as the final measurement value of the T/S parameter; in the T/S parameter measuring method provided by the invention, the initial value is only used as the starting point of the subsequent optimization.
And step 140, adjusting the equivalent parameters by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target to obtain a measurement result.
It should be noted that the initial value of the equivalent impedance can be obtained by substituting the initial value of the equivalent parameter determined in step 130 into the function of the equivalent impedance determined in step 120.
From the second impedance curve obtained in step 110, a measurement of the impedance may be read, i.e. the impedance is measured.
It can be understood that the accuracy of the current equivalent parameter can be judged by comparing the equivalent impedance with the difference degree of the measured impedance. The smaller the difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance, the higher the accuracy of the current equivalent parameter.
In step 140, the equivalent parameters are gradually adjusted with the minimum difference as a target and the initial value of the equivalent impedance as a starting point, and when the difference satisfies a predetermined condition, the equivalent parameters at that time are the measurement results.
According to the T/S parameter measuring method of the loudspeaker, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, by establishing the equivalent impedance function and gradually optimizing the parameters obtained by measuring the impedance curve as initial values, an accurate measuring result can be obtained under the condition of acquiring fewer frequency points, the measuring time is short, the research and development quality of the earphone is improved, and the research and development speed is accelerated.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, step 130 may include: step 131 and step 132.
it is understood that, for the equivalent circuit shown in fig. 3, in the process of building the equivalent circuit, the method of the electrical, force, and acoustic analogy circuit diagram is adopted, and likewise, when the initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit is determined, the mechanical parameter of the speaker and the power conversion factor Bl may also be determined first. And then obtaining an initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the mechanical parameter and the power conversion factor Bl.
In this embodiment, the mechanical parameters to be obtained include: damping RMSMass MMSC of peace and prosperityMS。
The step 131 may include:
determining the force compliance of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the central angle frequencies of the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve and the mass of the load;
in actual implementation, formulas may be applied
Determining the compliance C of a loudspeaker mechanical endMSWhere ω is the center angular frequency of the second impedance curve, ω can be read directly from the second impedance curve*The central angular frequency of the first impedance curve can be read directly from the second impedance curve, and Δ M is the mass of the added load when the second impedance curve is tested.
Determining the mass of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the force compliance and the central angle frequency of the second impedance curve;
in actual implementation, formulas may be applied
Determining mass M of a loudspeaker mechanical endMS。
Determining a quality factor of the loudspeaker based on the second impedance curve;
the quality factor of the loudspeaker comprises a total quality factor QTSMechanical quality factor QMSAnd an electrical quality factor QES。
In a practical implementation, the DC impedance R is read based on the second impedance curveeAnd maximum resistance RmaxThen, the following intermediate variable r is calculated0And Zvc：
r0＝Rmax/Re
At the center frequency f of the second impedance curve respectivelyS(i.e., peak frequency) read impedance of Z on both sidesvcFrequency point f of time1And f2The total quality factor Q is calculated according to the following formulaTSMechanical quality factor QMSAnd an electrical quality factor QESWherein the quality factor generally refers to the magnitude of the resonant frequency relative to the bandwidth, and since the speaker includes an electrical part and a mechanical part, the mechanical quality factor Q corresponds toMSAnd an electrical quality factor QESAnd the total quality factor QTSIs defined as:
after conversion, the overall quality factor QTSMechanical quality factor QMSAnd an electrical quality factor QESThe following formula may be applied to determine:
QMS＝QTSr0
and determining a power conversion factor based on the quality factor and the quality of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker.
In actual implementation, formulas may be applied
A power conversion factor Bl is determined.
The equivalent mechanical resistance is determined based on the force compliance of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker, the quality of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker and the quality factor of the loudspeaker.
In particular, formulas may be applied
Determining the equivalent resistance Res。
And determining the equivalent mass of the loudspeaker based on the mass of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker and the power conversion factor.
In particular, formulas may be applied
Determination of equivalent masses Ces。
And determining the equivalent mass of the loudspeaker based on the force compliance of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker and the power conversion factor.
In particular, formulas may be applied
Les＝CMS(Bl)2。
Determining the equivalent force compliance Les。
As for, the DC resistor ReThe measurement can be directly carried out by a multimeter or can be obtained by reading the minimum value after the first resonance peak of the second impedance curve.
In determining the direct current resistance ReEquivalent mechanical resistance ResEquivalent mass CesAnd the equivalent force is LesThen substituting into a function of equivalent impedance
An equivalent impedance can be obtained.
In some embodiments, the step 140 of adjusting the equivalent parameter to obtain the measurement result with the objective that the difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve is minimum includes:
suggesting an objective function
ZmFor each frequency point of the impedance modulus, Z, read from the second impedance curveesIs an equivalent impedance.
Using direct flow resistance ReEquivalent mechanical resistance ResEquivalent mass CesAnd the equivalent force is LesInitializing the function, iteratively calculating the minimized target function, and fitting by using a least square method to obtain the optimized equivalent parameters.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the step 140 of adjusting the equivalent parameter to obtain the measurement result with the objective that the difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve is minimum includes: step 141-step 143.
it is understood that the higher the fitting degree between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance is, the smaller the difference degree is, the higher the accuracy of the current equivalent parameter is.
The degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance is the sum of the squares of the differences of the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance.
In other words, the following applies
error＝|Zes_cur-Zm_cur|2
Determining a frequency point wcurDegree of difference of (3), error, Zes_curRepresenting a frequency point wcurLower current equivalent impedance, Zm_curRepresenting a frequency point wcurThe current measured impedance.
It should be noted that, in the measurement method provided by the present invention, the measurement may be performed only by using the frequency point number measured by the 1/12 octave.
Of course, the degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance may also be characterized in other ways, including but not limited to goodness of fit, and the like.
142, updating the equivalent parameters based on the difference degree;
after determining the degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance, the equivalent parameter may be updated according to the degree of difference.
In some embodiments, updating the equivalent parameters comprises: determining a derivative of the equivalent parameter with respect to the degree of difference; based on the derivative, the equivalent parameter is updated.
In actual implementation, each variable (equivalent mechanical resistance R) is calculatedesEquivalent mass CesAnd the equivalent force is Les) Derivative number of lower, with ResFor example, the derivative value is
Based on the derivative, updating the equivalent parameter with ResFor the purpose of example only,
where α is the learning rate, in some embodiments, the smaller the value of 0.001 ≦ α ≦ 0.1, the higher the accuracy of the equivalent parameters for the final optimization iteration, but the learning speed may be slower, preferably, α is 0.01.
Several other parameters (equivalent masses C)esAnd the equivalent force is Les) The updating method is the same.
Equivalent mass CesHas a derivative value of
Updating the equivalent mass CesIs composed of
Equivalent force is along LesHas a derivative value of
Updating the equivalent force LesIs composed of
In the same updating step, the equivalent resistance R is required to be matchedesEquivalent mass CesAnd the equivalent force is LesThe update is completed.
Direct flow resistance ReFor directly read data, no update is necessary.
And 143, determining that the difference degree is not less than the target value, re-determining the difference degree between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance based on the updated equivalent parameter until the difference degree is less than the target value, and taking the updated equivalent parameter at the last time as the measurement result.
And determining whether the difference error meets the target value eta, and returning to the step 141 to update the equivalent parameters again by using the updated equivalent parameters under the condition that the difference error is larger than or equal to eta.
And in the case that error is less than eta, exiting the updating process.
Where the target value η is a preset value, in some embodiments 0.0001. ltoreq. η.ltoreq.0.01, the smaller the value of α, the higher the accuracy of the final optimized iterated equivalent parameter, but the longer the test time, preferably η may be 0.001.
As shown in fig. 6, the result of the T/S parameter calculated by the prior art, i.e., the initial value of the present invention. Wherein the solid line is the actually measured sound pressure level curve and impedance curve, and the dotted line is the simulated sound pressure level curve and impedance curve.
Sound pressure level definition:
wherein P represents the root mean square value of the sound pressure at a distance of 1m from the speaker, PrefRepresenting a minimum sound pressure amplitude of 20 muv that is audible to the human ear.
Impedance definition:
where U denotes the speaker unit input terminal voltage and I denotes the current flowing through the speaker unit.
As shown in fig. 7, according to the T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker of the embodiment of the present invention, a test result of the T/S parameter is obtained.
Wherein the solid line is the actually measured sound pressure level curve and impedance curve, and the dotted line is the simulated sound pressure level curve and impedance curve. Obviously, the resonance frequency points of the actual measurement and simulation results are basically consistent, and the parameter precision is greatly improved compared with the prior art.
Compared with the prior art, the T/S parameter measuring method of the loudspeaker can greatly improve the accuracy of the T/S parameter and shorten the testing time.
When designing an acoustic system of an earphone, the design starting point is the loudspeaker unit, and on the premise of accurately measuring the T/S parameter, the next step of work can be carried out, such as the calculation of the specific sizes of the front cavity, the rear cavity and the sound guide tube.
The following describes the T/S parameter measuring device for a speaker according to the present invention, and the following description and the above-described T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker may be referred to in correspondence with each other.
As shown in fig. 8, the T/S parameter measuring apparatus for a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first acquisition module 810, a second acquisition module 820, a first determination module 830, and a fitting module 840.
A first obtaining module 810, configured to obtain a first impedance curve of the speaker when the diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the speaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
a second obtaining module 820, configured to obtain a structure of an equivalent circuit of the speaker, and determine an equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit;
a first determining module 830, configured to determine an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
the fitting module 840 is configured to adjust the equivalent parameter to obtain a measurement result with a target of a minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measurement impedance read from the second impedance curve.
According to the T/S parameter measuring device of the loudspeaker, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, by establishing the equivalent impedance function and gradually optimizing the parameters obtained by measuring the impedance curve as initial values, an accurate measuring result can be obtained under the condition of acquiring fewer frequency points, the measuring time is short, the research and development quality of the earphone is improved, and the research and development speed is accelerated.
In some embodiments, the fitting module 840 is further configured to determine a difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance; updating the equivalent parameters based on the difference degree; and determining that the difference degree is not less than the target value, re-determining the difference degree between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance based on the updated equivalent parameter until the difference degree is less than the target value, and taking the updated equivalent parameter at the last time as the measurement result.
In some embodiments, the fitting module 840 is further configured to determine a derivative of the equivalent parameter with respect to the degree of difference; based on the derivative, the equivalent parameter is updated.
In some embodiments, the degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance is the sum of the squares of the differences of the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance.
In some embodiments, the second obtaining module 820 is further configured to convert the mechanical characteristics of the speaker into electrical characteristics, so as to obtain the structure of the equivalent circuit.
In some embodiments, the first determining module 830 is further configured to determine mechanical parameters and a power conversion factor of the speaker based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
and determining an initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the mechanical parameter and the power conversion factor.
In some embodiments, the first determining module 830 is further configured to determine the compliance of the mechanical end of the speaker based on the central angular frequencies of the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve and the mass of the load;
determining the mass of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the force compliance and the central angle frequency of the second impedance curve;
determining a quality factor of the loudspeaker based on the second impedance curve;
and determining a power conversion factor based on the quality factor and the quality of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker.
Fig. 9 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, and as shown in fig. 9, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)910, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)920, a memory (memory)930, and a communication bus 940, wherein the processor 910, the communication Interface 920, and the memory 930 communicate with each other via the communication bus 940. Processor 910 may invoke logic instructions in memory 930 to perform a method of T/S parameter measurement for a speaker, the method comprising: acquiring a first impedance curve of a loudspeaker under the condition that a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker under the condition that the diaphragm is unloaded; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the structure of an equivalent circuit of a loudspeaker, and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit; the initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit is determined based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve; and the equivalent parameter is adjusted by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target to obtain a measurement result.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 930 may be implemented in software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the T/S parameter measuring method for a speaker provided by the above methods, the method comprising: acquiring a first impedance curve of a loudspeaker under the condition that a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker under the condition that the diaphragm is unloaded; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the structure of an equivalent circuit of a loudspeaker, and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit; the initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit is determined based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve; and the equivalent parameter is adjusted by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target to obtain a measurement result.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the T/S parameter measuring method of the speaker provided above, the method comprising: acquiring a first impedance curve of a loudspeaker under the condition that a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker under the condition that the diaphragm is unloaded; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the structure of an equivalent circuit of a loudspeaker, and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit; the initial value of the equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit is determined based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve; and the equivalent parameter is adjusted by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target to obtain a measurement result.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring T/S parameters of a loudspeaker, comprising:
acquiring a first impedance curve of the loudspeaker when a diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
acquiring the structure of an equivalent circuit of the loudspeaker, and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit;
determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
and adjusting the equivalent parameters to obtain a measurement result by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measurement impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the equivalent parameter to obtain the measurement result with the target of the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve comprises:
determining a degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance;
updating the equivalent parameters based on the difference degree;
determining that the difference degree is not less than a target value, re-determining the difference degree between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance based on the updated equivalent parameter until the difference degree is determined to be less than the target value, and taking the updated equivalent parameter as the measurement result.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the updating the equivalent parameters comprises:
determining a derivative of the equivalent parameter with respect to the degree of difference;
updating the equivalent parameter based on the derivative.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the degree of difference between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance is a sum of squares of differences between the equivalent impedance and the measured impedance.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the obtaining of the structure of the equivalent circuit of the speaker comprises:
and converting the mechanical characteristics of the loudspeaker into electrical characteristics to obtain the structure of the equivalent circuit.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve comprises:
determining mechanical parameters and a power conversion factor of the loudspeaker based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
determining an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the mechanical parameter and the power conversion factor.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the determining mechanical parameters and power conversion factors of the speaker based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve comprises:
determining the force compliance of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the central angular frequency of the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve and the mass of the load;
determining a mass of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker based on the force compliance and a center angle frequency of the second impedance curve;
determining a quality factor of the loudspeaker based on the second impedance curve;
determining the power conversion factor based on the quality factor and the quality of the mechanical end of the loudspeaker.
8. A T/S parameter measuring apparatus for a speaker, comprising:
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining a first impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is loaded and a second impedance curve of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm is unloaded;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring the structure of the equivalent circuit of the loudspeaker and determining the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit based on the structure of the equivalent circuit;
a first determining module, configured to determine an initial value of an equivalent parameter of the equivalent circuit based on the first impedance curve and the second impedance curve;
and the fitting module is used for adjusting the equivalent parameters to obtain a measurement result by taking the minimum difference between the equivalent impedance of the equivalent circuit and the measured impedance read from the second impedance curve as a target.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on said memory and executable on said processor, characterized in that said processor, when executing said program, carries out the steps of a method for T/S parameter measurement of a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the T/S parameter measuring method for a loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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