CN112487578A - Method for improving support rigidity of large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing vibration response - Google Patents
Method for improving support rigidity of large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing vibration response Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the support rigidity of a large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing vibration response, and belongs to the technical field of steam turbine generator installation. The method comprises the steps of establishing a measurement model, establishing a measurement module, calculating stress data, calculating a load distribution numerical value, analyzing and adjusting a gasket arrangement scheme, continuously iterating a gasket adjustment scheme and a load distribution proportion result, and finally achieving the purposes of optimal load distribution and strongest support rigidity. According to the invention, through a micro-strain technology, a strain value of the generator is obtained through measurement, so that a stress value is obtained through calculation, and a load distribution proportion value is obtained through calculation, so that engineering personnel can adjust the arrangement of the gaskets according to the load distribution proportion, and the purposes of good load distribution and strong support rigidity are achieved; in addition, the implementation process of the invention is modularized, easy to use and convenient to modify, and can be repeatedly called, the process mode of sequential coupling effectively reduces the complexity of operation, ensures that the processes are not interfered with each other, and can greatly improve the implementation speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the support rigidity of a large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing vibration response, and belongs to the technical field of installation, debugging and operation maintenance of steam turbine generators.
Background
With the wide application of large-scale turbonators, the safe operation of the large-scale turbonator is very important, wherein the vibration problem is one of the most important problems restricting the safe operation of the generator. In the operation of a turbonator, vibration can cause fatigue of parts, further cause damage to a bearing, and dangerous events such as cracking of a machine base, insulation damage, hydrogen leakage of a unit and even hydrogen explosion occur. The support stiffness in large turbo-generators is an important factor affecting the vibrations. According to theoretical analysis, the ability to resist deformation is called stiffness, i.e. the dynamic force required to induce a unit amplitude. The factors influencing the rigidity are the material and the structural form of the part, and the rigidity is obviously influenced by changing the structural form of the part. If the rigidity is high, the vibration is reduced; the stiffness is low, the vibration increases.
In order to achieve the highest support stiffness when the generator is installed on site, uniform load distribution is required. When the generator is installed and operated, as shown in the attached drawings 1 and 2, the connection of the whole system is generally divided into a generator bottom plate layer 1, a bedplate layer 2, a secondary grouting layer 3 and a base layer 4, and the four parts form a whole together. When the support stiffness of any one factor or a plurality of factors (no matter any one or more of the generator bedplate layer 1, the bedplate layer 2, the secondary grouting layer 3 and the foundation layer 4) in the system is improved, the vibration is inevitably reduced under the same operation condition. Wherein the generator is mounted above the bedplate layer 2. Because large steam turbine generators are heavy (e.g., 300MW, 600MW, and 1000MW generators typically reach about 300 tons, and 450 tons, respectively), such high loads are generally not easily moved; for the secondary grouting layer, if the concrete is formed, the concrete cannot be changed again, and the supporting rigidity of the system needs to be improved, which is very difficult. If the secondary grouting layer needs to be damaged, the period is usually more than 4 months, and the damage caused by the production and operation continuity is not estimated, considering the time of concrete cutting, grouting and maintenance. Therefore, how to effectively improve the supporting rigidity of the whole system, reduce the vibration response and ensure the safe operation of the generator becomes a very important problem to be solved urgently in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of how to improve the support rigidity of the generator and reduce the vibration response.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the support stiffness of a large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing the vibration response, comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a measurement model; establishing a load distribution measurement model of the generator according to a stator drawing of the generator; marking four corners of the generator;
step 2: establishing a measurement module; measuring strain values of all measuring points by adopting a micro-strain technology through high-precision strain gauges arranged at the measuring points according to the load distribution measurement model of the generator in the step 1;
and step 3: calculating a stress value; converting the stress and the strain into each other, and calculating the stress value of each corresponding measuring point according to the strain value obtained in the step (2);
and 4, step 4: calculating load distribution data; calculating to obtain load distribution data of the generator according to the stress values of the measuring points in the step 3;
and 5: adjusting the arrangement of the gasket; calculating to obtain an adjustment scheme of the gasket according to the generator load distribution data in the original value state obtained in the step 4, and achieving the purpose of changing the load distribution data by adjusting the gasket arrangement;
step 6: obtaining an optimization result: continuously repeating the step 2 to the step 5, and iteratively optimizing load distribution data until the load distribution of four corners of the generator reaches an optimal value; and the load distribution curve of the whole generator is formed into a smile curve with two high ends and a low middle part.
Preferably, when the load distribution measurement model is established in step 1, the measurement points are set to 48 groups or 64 groups.
Preferably, at the measuring point where the high-precision strain gauge is installed in step 2, before the strain gauge is installed, paint and rust on the installation position need to be removed, and the installation position needs to be polished smooth.
Preferably, when the load distribution at the four corners of the generator in step 6 reaches an optimal value, the difference between the values at the two sides of the steam end is less than 10%, the difference between the values at the two sides of the excitation end is less than 10%, and the difference between the sum of the diagonals is less than 10%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the arrangement of the adjusting gaskets is optimized, so that the load distribution at four corners reaches the optimal quality, and the purposes of uniform load, good supporting strength and high supporting rigidity are achieved;
according to the invention, the micro-strain technology is adopted, the strain, stress and load distribution data of the generator are obtained through in-situ measurement, and the arrangement of the gaskets between the bottom plate layer 1 and the bedplate layer 2 of the generator is adjusted, so that the support rigidity of the generator arranged on the bedplate layer 2 is improved, the optimization is achieved, and the purpose of reducing vibration response is achieved.
The calculation process of the invention is modularized, is easy to use and modify, can be repeatedly called, the on-site engineering difficulty is effectively reduced by the sequential coupling calculation mode, the secondary grouting layer 3 and the foundation layer 4 are not required to be damaged, and a large amount of construction period can be saved for large-scale generators which cannot be conveniently moved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an appearance of a generator installed on site;
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic view of the system configuration at the installation of the generator at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a load distribution curve diagram when a generator load distribution test is performed by using the method for improving the support stiffness of the large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing the vibration response;
FIG. 4 is a process step of a load sharing test;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the load distribution proportion of four corners of the generator;
reference numerals: 1. a generator floor layer; 2. a platen layer; 3. secondary grouting layer; 4. a base layer; 5. a generator; 6. a gasket; 7. load distribution curves.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a method for increasing the support stiffness of a large steam turbine generator and reducing the vibration response; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a measurement model: establishing a load distribution measurement model (generally 48 groups of measurement points or 64 groups of measurement points) of the generator according to a stator drawing of the generator 5; marking four corners of the generator;
step 2: establishing a measurement module: according to a load distribution measurement model of the generator, a micro-strain technology is adopted, and strain values of all measuring points are measured through high-precision strain gauges arranged at the measuring points;
and step 3: calculating a stress value: calculating the stress value of each corresponding measuring point by using the idea of stress-strain interconversion and the strain value obtained in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: calculating load distribution data: calculating to obtain load distribution data of the generator according to the stress values of the measuring points in the step 3;
and 5: adjusting the arrangement of the gasket: calculating to obtain an adjustment scheme of the gasket according to the generator load distribution data in the original value state obtained in the step 4, and achieving the purpose of changing the load distribution data by adjusting the gasket arrangement;
step 6: obtaining an optimization result:
and (3) continuously repeating the step (2) to the step (5), and iteratively optimizing load distribution data until the load distribution of the four corners of the generator A \ B \ C \ D reaches an optimal value (the difference between two side values of a steam end is required to be less than 10%, the difference between two side values of an excitation end is required to be less than 10%, and the difference between the sum values of diagonal lines is required to be less than 10%), and enabling a load distribution curve 7 of the whole generator 5 to be a smile curve with two high ends and a low middle part. As shown in fig. 3.
By optimizing the arrangement of the adjusting gaskets 6, the load distribution at four corners reaches the optimal quality, so that the purposes of uniform load, good supporting strength and high supporting rigidity are achieved;
according to the invention, the micro-strain technology is adopted, the strain, stress and load distribution data of the generator are obtained through on-site measurement, and the arrangement of the gaskets 6 between the bottom plate layer 1 and the bedplate layer 2 of the generator is adjusted, so that the supporting rigidity of the generator 5 arranged on the bedplate layer 2 is improved, the optimization is achieved, and the purpose of reducing vibration response is achieved.
The implementation process of the invention adopts modularization, the strain measurement, the stress calculation and the load distribution of the generator are carried out in modules, a sequential coupling mode is adopted, the result of the strain measurement is stored and then is used for calculating the force, the result of the stress calculation is stored and then is used for calculating the load distribution proportion, and data support is provided for the adjustment of the gasket 6. The result of step 6 is finally achieved by continuously adjusting the arrangement of the shims 6.
The load distribution of the four corners of the generator is adjusted to reach an optimal value through a technical means, as shown in fig. 5, the generator is divided into the four corners, the load distribution proportion of each corner in the four corners is divided into four steps of L1, L2, L3 and L4, each step is distributed in proportion, and a smile curve with two ends high and a middle low is presented.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the actual load distribution data of the generator is measured on the spot by adopting the load distribution technology, and the distribution of the gaskets between the generator bottom plate and the bedplate is calculated and adjusted according to the data, so that the mutual connection is improved, the support rigidity of the system is improved, and the effect of reducing the vibration response is achieved.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving the support rigidity of a large-scale steam turbine generator and reducing the vibration response is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a measurement model; establishing a load distribution measurement model of the generator according to a stator drawing of the generator; marking four corners of the generator;
step 2: establishing a measurement module; measuring strain values of all measuring points by adopting a micro-strain technology through high-precision strain gauges arranged at the measuring points according to the load distribution measurement model of the generator in the step 1;
and step 3: calculating a stress value; converting the stress and the strain into each other, and calculating the stress value of each corresponding measuring point according to the strain value obtained in the step (2);
and 4, step 4: calculating load distribution data; calculating to obtain load distribution data of the generator according to the stress values of the measuring points in the step 3;
and 5: adjusting the arrangement of the gasket; calculating to obtain an adjustment scheme of the gasket according to the generator load distribution data in the original value state obtained in the step 4, and achieving the purpose of changing the load distribution data by adjusting the gasket arrangement;
step 6: obtaining an optimization result: and continuously repeating the step 2 to the step 5, and iteratively optimizing the load distribution data until the load distribution at four corners of the generator reaches an optimal value, and enabling the load distribution curve of the whole generator to be a smile curve with two high ends and a low middle part.
2. The method for improving the supporting rigidity and reducing the vibration response of the large-scale steam turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the load distribution measurement model is established in step 1, the measurement points are set to 48 groups or 64 groups.
3. The method for improving the supporting rigidity and reducing the vibration response of the large-scale steam turbine generator according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) at the measuring point for installing the high-precision strain gauge in the step (2), before the strain gauge is installed, removing paint and rust from the installation position, and polishing the installation position smoothly.
4. The method for improving the supporting rigidity and reducing the vibration response of the large-scale steam turbine generator according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 6, when the load distribution of the four corners of the generator in the step 6 reaches an optimal value, the difference between the two side values of the steam end is less than 10%, the difference between the two side values of the excitation end is less than 10%, and the difference between the sum of the diagonals is less than 10%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113742891A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-12-03 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华东电力试验研究院 | Offline selection method and system for generator foot load distribution |
| CN113765309A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-12-07 | 通辽霍林河坑口发电有限责任公司 | Method for adjusting foot gasket of generator base |
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Application publication date: 20210312 |