CN112486247B - Coincidence controller, realization method thereof and positron emission tomography system - Google Patents
Coincidence controller, realization method thereof and positron emission tomography system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112486247B CN112486247B CN202011270656.7A CN202011270656A CN112486247B CN 112486247 B CN112486247 B CN 112486247B CN 202011270656 A CN202011270656 A CN 202011270656A CN 112486247 B CN112486247 B CN 112486247B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/04—Generating or distributing clock signals or signals derived directly therefrom
- G06F1/12—Synchronisation of different clock signals provided by a plurality of clock generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/29—Measurement performed on radiation beams, e.g. position or section of the beam; Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
- G01T1/2914—Measurement of spatial distribution of radiation
- G01T1/2985—In depth localisation, e.g. using positron emitters; Tomographic imaging (longitudinal and transverse section imaging; apparatus for radiation diagnosis sequentially in different planes, steroscopic radiation diagnosis)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F5/00—Methods or arrangements for data conversion without changing the order or content of the data handled
- G06F5/06—Methods or arrangements for data conversion without changing the order or content of the data handled for changing the speed of data flow, i.e. speed regularising or timing, e.g. delay lines, FIFO buffers; over- or underrun control therefor
- G06F5/065—Partitioned buffers, e.g. allowing multiple independent queues, bidirectional FIFO's
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an conformity controller, an implementation method thereof and a positron emission tomography system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET, the following steps are sequentially executed: converting the serial single case data into parallel single case data through a serial-parallel conversion module; according to the single-case data which accords with the alignment table and is parallel, the row data module obtains row data, and the column data module obtains column data; dividing the row data and the column data through a coincidence detection module to form coincidence case data; under the action of a system clock, all the case-consistent data are output one by one in sequence through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module to form Listmode format data output conforming to the case data. The invention can ensure that the clock number required by processing all coincidence pairs and the coincidence processing is less than the limit value of the clock number of the PET, and can output coincidence case data without omission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical treatment, in particular to an conformity controller, an implementation method thereof and a positron emission tomography system.
Background
The coincidence controller is a device for processing a group of input single cases composed of serial data into coincidence cases in output Listmode format, and is an important component in a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) system. Wherein a single instance indicates the time, location, information of energy properties (photoelectric/scattering), etc. of one photon occurrence. The coincidence case shows that two single cases are generated in the same synchronous period, and the two single cases meet the set requirements in time, energy and position, so that the two single cases are considered to form the coincidence case.
PET generally comprises a closed loop formed by a plurality of module detectors (i.e., block detectors) for receiving gamma photons and converting the photons into time, position, energy and other information, and if the energy is within a specified range, an effective single-case output is obtained), each buck controller (i.e., a barrel controller, a buck controller receives the single case input by two modules, only one module is received by arbitrating if there is a single case in a synchronization period, and the module is marked to form a single-case output of a BUCKET) to control the two module detectors, and one coincidence controller controls all the buck controllers. In FIG. 1, a PET system is illustrated that consists of 64 module detectors, 32 BUCKET controllers, and a coincidence controller. Wherein, B0 to B31 represent numbers of BUCKET controllers, and M0 to M63 represent numbers of Module detectors. The single instance generated by each BUCKET controller is transmitted to the coincidence controller so as to generate the coincidence instance through the coincidence controller. In fig. 1, 16 BUCKET controllers are connected with the coincidence controller. In fact, all BUCKETs should be connected to the compliance controller, and other connections are omitted for simplicity of the drawing.
In the PET shown in fig. 1, all the single instances generated by 32 buck controllers need to be output to the conforming controller under the action of the synchronous clock sync. In order to save the number of interconnected signal lines and improve the transmission reliability, a serial differential data transmission mode is generally adopted, that is, a single instance of one BUCKET controller is serially output by 2-way differential signals.
In the PET shown in fig. 1, if it is specified that one pocket controller can only coincide with n facing pocket controllers, the coincidence relation of the pocket controllers, that is, the lateral field of view of the PET, can be determined. Fig. 2 shows a PET consisting of 32 buffer controllers, whose n-23 space corresponds to the case. The correspondence between all the BUCKET controllers can be deduced from the spatial relationship they correspond to, see FIG. 3. In fig. 3, the representation of crossing points has coincidence, otherwise none, and there are a total of 240 valid coincidence pairs.
In PET, serial data must be converted into parallel data in synchronization with a synchronization clock sync and the data must be divided into rows and columns appropriately in accordance with the synchronization requirements. At present, as can be seen from the coincidence relation diagram between the buffer controllers shown in fig. 3, if the data units are fixed in rows and the data units are changed with the clock in columns, the 0 th processing is coincided with 23, the 1 st processing is 22, and then the 1 st processing is reduced in sequence until the 14 th processing is 9. All 240 coincidence pairs are processed in 15 steps, and if the number of clocks required for the coincidence process is added, the limit of the number of clocks is exceeded by 16. In addition, when the coincidence pairs are processed each time, a plurality of coincidence case data can be obtained once, the probability of each time is different, and the data are output without omission.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a coincidence controller and an implementation method thereof, and a positron emission tomography system, and a coincidence controller and an implementation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the total number of clocks required for processing all coincidence pairs and coincidence processing exceeds the limit of the number of clocks of PET, and coincidence case data is output without omission.
The first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an implementation method of a coincidence controller, which is applied to a positron emission tomography system PET, where the PET includes a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, where the number of the barrel controllers is twice the number of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-instance data obtained by two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers corresponding to the barrel controller in the circular ring structure respectively coincide to form corresponding coincidence pairs; the method comprises the following steps:
under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET, the following steps are sequentially executed:
converting the serial single case data into parallel single case data through a serial-parallel conversion module;
according to the single case data which accords with the matching table and is parallel, the row data module obtains row data, and the column data module obtains column data;
dividing the row data and the column data through a coincidence detection module to form coincidence case data;
under the action of a system clock, outputting all the case-consistent data in sequence one by one through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module to form Listmode-format data output conforming to the case data;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
Optionally, the outputting, one by one, all the case-compliant data sequentially through the three-stage buffer queue FIFO modules under the action of the system clock to form the list mode format data output conforming to the case data includes:
under the action of a system clock, all the coincidence case data are sequenced through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module, and then the sequenced coincidence case data are output one by one in sequence to form Listmode format data output conforming to the case data.
Optionally, the number of the row data modules and the number of the column data modules are both 24; the three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by the corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to 1 one-level FIFO module, no data source of two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules is normally empty, and Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module.
Optionally, the generating of the matching table includes:
generating a coincidence relation between the plurality of barrel controllers according to the coincidence pair between the plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction, the first barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation along the first direction in the barrel controllers corresponding to the first barrel controllers of the columns of the coincidence relation, and the last barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction opposite to the first direction The last barrel controller of the column in accordance with the relationship is in accordance with the last barrel controller of the row in accordance with the relationship, and the number of the coincidence pairs in the connecting line direction of the first coincidence pair and the last coincidence pair in the relationship is a first preset number;
generating a second preset number of data modules by changing rows and columns with clock according to the coincidence relation;
and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table.
Optionally, the first preset number is 24, and the second preset number is 10.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a coincidence controller, which is applied to a positron emission tomography system PET, where the PET includes a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, where the number of the barrel controllers is twice the number of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel controller, respectively coincide to form corresponding coincidence pairs; the compliance controller includes:
the serial-parallel conversion module is used for converting serial single case data into parallel single case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the line data module is used for acquiring line data according to the matching table and the parallel single-case data under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET;
the column data module is used for acquiring column data according to a matching table and parallel single-case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the coincidence detection module is used for segmenting the row data and the column data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET to form coincidence case data;
the three-level buffer queue FIFO module is used for outputting all the case-consistent data in sequence one by one under the action of a system clock so as to form Listmode-format data output conforming to the case data;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
Optionally, the third-level buffer queue FIFO module is configured to sort all the coincidence case data under the action of a system clock, and output all the coincidence case data sorted one by one in sequence to form list mode format data output of the coincidence case data.
Optionally, the number of the row data modules and the number of the column data modules are both 24;
the three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by the corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to 1 one-level FIFO module, no data source of two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules is normally empty, and Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module.
Optionally, the generating of the matching table includes:
generating a coincidence relation among the plurality of barrel controllers according to coincidence pairs among the plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction, the first barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation along the first direction in the barrel controllers corresponding to the first barrel controllers of the columns of the coincidence relation, and the last barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation in the direction opposite to the first direction The last barrel controller of the column in accordance with the relationship is in accordance with the last barrel controller of the row in accordance with the relationship, and the number of the coincidence pairs in the connecting line direction of the first coincidence pair and the last coincidence pair in the relationship is a first preset number;
generating a second preset number of data modules by changing rows and columns with clock according to the coincidence relation;
and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table.
Optionally, the first preset number is 24, and the second preset number is 10.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a positron emission tomography system, the positron emission tomography system PET comprising:
the device comprises a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the number of the barrel controllers is twice that of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by the two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel controller, respectively conform to form corresponding conforming pairs; and the compliance controller of any one of the second aspect.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sum of the first number of system clock pulses and the second preset pulse clock pulses is less than or equal to the size of the system clock pulses in one synchronous clock, so that the clock number required for processing all coincidence pairs and coincidence processing in total is less than the limit value of the clock number of PET, and coincidence case data can be output without omission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a prior art PET;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a spatial relationship of a BUCKET controller in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coincidence relation between BUCKET controllers in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for implementing a compliance controller in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a match table in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-level buffer queue FIFO module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an implementation of a structure of a compliance controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a compliant controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It should be noted that the following embodiments may be combined without conflict.
The positron emission tomography system PET comprises a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the number of the barrel controllers is twice that of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by the two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel controller, respectively conform to form corresponding conforming pairs.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each barrel controller generally corresponds to a specific (generally an odd number) opposing barrel controllers. Therefore, the spatial relationship diagram corresponding to the controllers can be obtained, and the corresponding relationship diagram between the controllers can be further obtained. Illustratively, when the number of the BUCKET controllers is 32, one BUCKET controller corresponds to 23 opposite BUCKET controllers, respectively, and a spatial relationship diagram corresponding to the controllers shown in fig. 2 is obtained, in which each BUCKET controller depicts two adjacent lines, which on one hand indicates that the BUCKET controller corresponds to the nearest BUCKET controller, and also indicates the range where the BUCKET controller corresponds to the opposite BUCKET controller. Thus, a coincidence relation diagram between the BUCKET controllers shown in FIG. 3 is further obtained, wherein rows and columns in the diagram respectively represent the numbers of a group of BUCKET controllers, and a row and a column having a cross point represent that the BUCKET controllers corresponding to the row and the column have a coincidence relation, that is, a coincidence pair is formed. As can be seen from the coincidence relationship between the controllers shown, there are 240 valid coincidence pairs.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a compliance controller, which is applied to a positron emission tomography system PET, please refer to fig. 4, where the method may include the following steps:
s401, under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET, serial single case data are converted into parallel single case data through a serial-parallel conversion module;
s402, under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET, obtaining row data through a row data module and column data through a column data module according to a matching table and parallel single-case data;
s403, under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET, the row data and the column data are divided through a coincidence detection module to form coincidence case data;
s404, outputting all the case-consistent data in sequence one by one through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module under the action of a system clock to form Listmode format data output of the case-consistent data;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
It should be noted that, the sequential execution of S401 to S404 is performed sequentially, that is, the sequential execution of S401- > S402- > S403- > S404 is performed sequentially.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sum of the first number of system clock pulses and the second predetermined pulse clock pulses is less than or equal to the size of the system clock pulses in one synchronous clock, so that the clock number required for processing all coincidence pairs and coincidence processing in total is less than the limit value of the clock number of PET, and coincidence case data can be output without omission.
Optionally, the generating process of the matching table includes the following steps:
(1) generating a coincidence relation among a plurality of barrel controllers according to the coincidence pair, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction (such as a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction, particularly to fig. 3, the first direction is a clockwise direction), a first barrel controller (such as B9 in fig. 3) of the rows of the coincidence relation is a barrel controller closest to a first barrel controller of the columns of the coincidence relation in the first direction in the barrel controllers of the first barrel controllers (such as B0 in fig. 3) of the columns of the coincidence relation, the last barrel controller (e.g., B31 in FIG. 3) of the eligible row is a barrel controller adjacent to the first barrel controller of the eligible column in a direction opposite to the first direction, the last barrel controller (e.g., B22 in FIG. 3) of the eligible column is eligible to the last barrel controller of the eligible row, and the number of eligible pairs in the wire direction of the first eligible pair (e.g., B0B9 in FIG. 3) and the last eligible pair (e.g., B22B31 in FIG. 3) in the eligible row is a first preset number;
(2) generating a second preset number of data modules by using fixed rows and fixed columns to change with clock according to the coincidence relation;
(3) and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table. Optionally, in some embodiments, the first preset number is 24, and the second preset number is 10, so that one clock pulse correspondingly processes 24 coincidence pairs, the coincidence logarithm processed by each clock pulse is fixed, and 10 steps are required in total after processing, that is, the first number is 10. Optionally, the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock is 16, then, there are 6 remaining steps enough to perform matching processing, illustratively, the second number is 6, all possible matching case pairs can be completed by 10 predetermined clock pulses, and after all matching case pairs are formed, valid or invalid matching case data output is formed by 6 clock pulses, it should be understood that the second number may also be less than 6; of course, the first predetermined number and the second predetermined number may be set to be other numbers.
A match pair table is shown in fig. 5 to ensure that there are 24 match pairs for each step. For example, referring to fig. 5, the clock corresponding to the synchronous clock is 0 th time, and the subsequent clocks are 1 st, 2 nd to 15 th times in sequence. The actual valid coincident pair operates 10 times, with 10 sets of data listed in fig. 5, with three rows for each set. The first row represents the serial number of the coincident pairs, the second row represents the number of the BUCKET controllers of the row, and the third row represents the number of the BUCKET controllers of the column. Thus, a clock beat may produce 24 coincident data, and the data is continuously produced. The second coincident pair 23 of the 0 th clock is inserted by step (3) above, the second coincident pairs 22 and 23 of the 1 st clock are inserted by step (3) above, the second coincident pairs 21, 22 and 23 of the 2 nd clock are inserted by step (3) above, the second coincident pairs 20, 21, 22 and 23 of the 3 rd clock are inserted by step (3) above, and so on.
Illustratively, a feasible method for generating a matching table includes the following steps:
1) determining how many coincident pairs are processed simultaneously under one clock;
if the coincidence of one-time processing is too much, the number of subsequent FIFO modules and the complexity of a subsequent control circuit are increased; if too few coincident pairs are processed at a time, the number of clocks required for processing may be increased, resulting in the failure to complete the detection of all possible coincident pairs within a synchronization cycle. In one example, a scheme is used in which 24 coincident pairs are processed simultaneously at one clock, so that 240 coincident pairs are processed after 10 clocks.
2) When the synchronous clock is valid, the 0 th row data and column data are generated, and the 1 st row data, the 2 nd row data, the … th row data, and the 9 th column data are sequentially generated, and the row data and the column data are assigned with the row values and the column values corresponding to the corresponding row (oblique line) in reference to fig. 3. For example, the row and column data of the 0 th time corresponds to the longest row (row 0) of the coincident pairs, and the row and column data of the first time corresponds to the next row (row 1), and so on until the row and column data of the 9 th time corresponds to the row 9 of the coincident pairs. The 0 th assignment is 23, followed by 1 each time, and the last assignment is 14. If the row data module assignments of 0 are 0, 1, …, 22 in sequence, and the column data module assignments are 9, 10, …, 31 in sequence. This is the black data in the row and column data in fig. 5.
3) Since 24 coincidence pairs are set to be processed at a time, namely 24 rows and columns are assigned at a time, meanwhile, 15 rows of coincidence pairs are totally arranged in fig. 3. Analysis 2) shows that the 0 th assignment is one less, and then the assignments are sequentially 2 less and 3 less until the last 9 th assignment is 10 less, and a coincidence pair needs to be inserted. Meanwhile, only 10 rows of coincidence pairs are used for assignment for 10 times, and 5 rows of coincidence pairs have no corresponding relation. The coincident pairs without correspondence in fig. 3 are inserted sequentially (from left to right, top to bottom) into the 1 slot for the 0 th assignment, two slots for the 1 st assignment, and up to the 10 slots for the last 9 th assignment, as is the red data in the row and column data in fig. 5. Thus, through 10 assignments, all 15 rows of coincidence pairs determine the corresponding relation, and a complete coincidence list is obtained.
In order to process a large amount of data generated in parallel and enable the data to be finally output in a list mode format, a three-level buffer queue FIFO (FIFO is a first-in first-out data buffer module, i.e. data can be written into or read out from the data buffer module, and the data written first is read out first) module is designed, and the three-level buffer queue FIFO module is a level-shrinkage data buffer structure, as shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, under the action of the system clock, all the coincidence case data are sorted by the three-stage buffer queue FIFO modules, and then all the coincidence case data after sorting are output in sequence one by one, so as to form list mode format data output conforming to the case data. Optionally, the number of the row data modules and the number of the column data modules are both 24; thus, under the same system clock pulse, 24 row data modules can simultaneously obtain row data of 24 data units of one data module, and 24 column data modules can simultaneously obtain column data of 24 data units of one data module. The three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by the corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to 1 one-level FIFO module, no data source of two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules is normally empty, and Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module.
Namely, the three-level buffer FIFO module has 24 receiving corresponding 24 possible coincidence data, the data are moved into the corresponding 4 second-level FIFOs through the 4 second-level combination FIFO control modules, and one combination FIFO control module realizes the function of transferring the data from the 6 FIFOs to the 1 FIFO. Thus, the 24 FIFO modules are divided into 4 groups. The 4 second-level FIFO modules and the two normally empty FIFO modules are moved into the next 1 first-level FIFO through the first-level combined FIFO control module, and finally the data output is realized. A combined FIFO control module controls the reading of 6 FIFO modules, only 4 effective FIFO modules are arranged on the layer of the second-level FIFO module, and two normally empty FIFO modules are added for the purpose of being compatible with the functions of the modules.
Fig. 7 is a coincidence controller, in which, when the synchronous clock sync is valid, the serial-to-parallel conversion module sequentially accesses two paths of serial respective one-bit data, simultaneously obtains two paths of parallel data, and recombines the two paths of parallel data into one data, which contains all information of a single instance, and then gives a data synchronization signal sync _ d. And the serial-parallel conversion module is sequentially connected with two paths of respective next bit data at each clock beat.
And the row generating module obtains a group of row data from a group of serial-parallel conversion modules when the data synchronization clock sync _ d is valid. And, at each clock beat, the line data is transformed in fig. 5. The clock beat corresponding to the synchronous clock corresponds to the 0 th clock in the table, and the clocks from 1 st clock, 2 nd clock to 15 th clock are sequentially arranged in the table. The first 10 clock inputs are true valid data and the last 6 clock inputs are invalid data. And outputting the data of the row to a coincidence detection module.
The column generation module obtains a set of column data from a set of serial-to-parallel conversion modules when the data synchronization clock sync _ d is valid. And, at each clock beat, the column data is transformed in fig. 5. The rest is as described in the generation module of the upper line. And outputs the row data to the coincidence detection module.
The coincidence detection module realizes a pipeline data processing mechanism, and one clock beat completes one step. The data output can be completed after 6 steps for a group of row and column data. The method comprises the following concrete steps:
(1) and preparing row and column data, namely reading the parallel data corresponding to the row and column modules.
(2) Raw data segmentation (valid/invalid, photo/scatter, time information, location information).
(3) And the segmentation data processing can comprise effective/ineffective marks, photoelectric/scattering marks, time values, position values, an immediate coincidence time window and delayed coincidence time window segmentation processing.
(4) And a divided data processing flag.
(5) The flag is determined and the data is combined to form the coincidence case data (valid/invalid, immediate/delayed, photoelectric/scattered, other information such as output mode, etc.).
(6) And sending the coincidence case data to a port, wherein the port is the port of the module, the port is connected to the write data end of the FIFO module corresponding to the port, and the port cannot directly communicate with the external equipment.
The FIFO module can independently write data and independently read data, and has FIFO empty mark, FIFO full mark and enable mark.
The FIFO merging control module begins to point to a certain FIFO module, namely the FIFO module can be pointed; if the FIFO module is empty, pointing to the next module; if the FIFO module is not empty, the data of the module is continuously read to the next stage FIFO module until the module is empty.
The implementation process of the compliance controller shown in fig. 7 may include:
1) the serial data are converted into parallel data through the serial-parallel conversion modules, two serial-parallel conversion modules are generally needed for one BUCKET controller, and 32 serial-parallel conversion modules are needed for 32 BUCKET controllers.
2) Under the action of the data synchronization signal, 24 line initial data are obtained according to fig. 5, and then 24 line data are obtained respectively according to table 1 for each clock.
3) Same as 2), column data corresponding to 24 rows of data is obtained per clock according to fig. 5.
4) Under the action of the clock, the row and column data enter the coincidence detection module, and the coincidence detection module determines whether coincidence case data are generated within 6 clocks. If so, writing into the corresponding three-stage FIFO module. From one synchronous clock to the next, the coincidence detection module will complete all 240 possible coincidence determinations and output coincidence case data. 24 coincidence detection modules are required in this configuration.
5) Under the action of a clock, each 1 third-stage FIFO module receives data from the corresponding coincidence detection module, outputs an empty flag (the flag is needed by the merging FIFO control module to determine whether data exist in the FIFO module) to the 2-stage FIFO merging control module, and can output the data. 24 three-stage FIFO modules are required in this architecture.
6) Under the action of a clock, each 1 second-level FIFO merging control module judges whether data exist or not by monitoring the empty marks of the 6 corresponding third-level FIFO modules, and all the monitored data in the FIFO modules containing the data are transferred into the second-level FIFO modules. The structure has 4 second-level FIFO merging control modules.
7) Under the action of the clock, each 1 second-level FIFO module receives the data from the corresponding second-level FIFO merging control module, outputs an empty mark to the next-level FIFO merging control module and can output the data. This architecture requires 6 two-level FIFO blocks, two of which are normally empty.
8) Under the action of the clock, the 1 first-level FIFO merging control module monitors 6 second-level FIFO modules and moves the monitored FIFO module data into the next-level FIFO module. The structure is only provided with 1 first-level FIFO merging control module.
9) Under the action of the clock, the 1 first-stage FIFO module receives the data from the first-stage FIFO merging control module, outputs an empty mark to the subsequent control module and can output the data. The structure is only provided with 1 first-level FIFO module.
10) The subsequent modules (the last formed data are uploaded to a computer system for calibration and imaging of the system, a control system is arranged between the formed data and the computer system to control the uploading of the data, such as Ethernet, and the control system forms another important part of the acquisition system, and the subsequent modules are the control system) according to the empty marks of the primary FIFO modules and the system condition (a PET works in various states, sometimes requires listmode data, and sometimes does not need the listmode data). Only valid data, i.e., data in the first stage FIFO module, can be transferred when needed) to fetch data from the first stage FIFO module. Thus, Listmode data has been formed.
The above describes a method for implementing the compliance controller in the embodiment of the present invention, and the following describes the compliance controller in the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 8.
The serial-parallel conversion module is used for converting serial single case data into parallel single case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the line data module is used for acquiring line data according to the matching table and the parallel single-case data under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET;
the column data module is used for acquiring column data according to a matching table and parallel single-case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the coincidence detection module is used for segmenting the row data and the column data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET to form coincidence case data;
the three-level buffer queue FIFO module is used for outputting all the case-consistent data in sequence one by one under the action of a system clock so as to form Listmode-format data output conforming to the case data;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
Optionally, the third-level buffer queue FIFO module is configured to sort all the case matching data under the action of a system clock, and output all the case matching data sorted in sequence one by one to form list mode format data output of the case matching data.
Optionally, the first preset number is 24; the three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by the corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to 1 one-level FIFO module, no data source of two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules is normally empty, and Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module.
Optionally, the generating process of the matching table includes:
generating a coincidence relation among the plurality of barrel controllers according to coincidence pairs among the plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction, the first barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation along the first direction in the barrel controllers corresponding to the first barrel controllers of the columns of the coincidence relation, and the last barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation in the direction opposite to the first direction The last barrel controller of the column in accordance with the relationship is in accordance with the last barrel controller of the row in accordance with the relationship, and the number of the coincidence pairs in the connecting line direction of the first coincidence pair and the last coincidence pair in the relationship is a first preset number;
generating a second preset number of data modules by changing rows and columns along with clock according to the coincidence relation;
and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table.
Optionally, the first preset number is 24, and the second preset number is 10.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a positron emission tomography system PET, which comprises a plurality of block detectors, a plurality of barrel controllers and a conforming controller in the embodiment. The number of the barrel-shaped controllers is twice that of the block-shaped detectors, one barrel-shaped controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by the two block-shaped detectors, the block-shaped detectors corresponding to each barrel-shaped controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel-shaped controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel-shaped controller and the plurality of barrel-shaped controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel-shaped controller, respectively conform to form corresponding first conforming pairs.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An implementation method of a coincidence controller is applied to a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) system and is characterized in that the PET comprises a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the number of the barrel controllers is twice that of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers corresponding to the barrel controller in the circular ring structure respectively coincide to form corresponding coincidence pairs; the method comprises the following steps:
under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET, the following steps are sequentially executed:
converting the serial single case data into parallel single case data through a serial-parallel conversion module;
according to the single-case data which accords with the alignment table and is parallel, the row data module obtains row data, and the column data module obtains column data;
dividing the row data and the column data through a coincidence detection module to form coincidence case data;
under the action of a system clock, all the case-consistent data are output one by one in sequence through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module to form Listmode format data output conforming to the case data, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the action of a system clock, sequencing all the case-matching data through a three-level buffer queue FIFO module, and outputting all the sequenced case-matching data one by one to form Listmode format data output of the case-matching data;
the number of the row data modules and the number of the column data modules are both 24; the three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by a corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, the 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to the 1 one-level FIFO module, no data source of two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules is normally empty, and Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the compliance controller table comprises:
generating a coincidence relation between the plurality of barrel controllers according to the coincidence pair between the plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction, the first barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation along the first direction in the barrel controllers corresponding to the first barrel controllers of the columns of the coincidence relation, and the last barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction opposite to the first direction The last barrel controller of the column in accordance with the relationship is in accordance with the last barrel controller of the row in accordance with the relationship, and the number of the coincidence pairs in the connecting line direction of the first coincidence pair and the last coincidence pair in the relationship is a first preset number;
generating a second preset number of data modules by changing rows and columns with clock according to the coincidence relation;
and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first predetermined number is 24 and the second predetermined number is 10.
4. A coincidence controller is applied to a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) system and is characterized in that the PET comprises a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the number of the barrel controllers is twice that of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel controller, respectively coincide to form corresponding coincidence pairs; the compliance controller includes:
the serial-parallel conversion module is used for converting serial single case data into parallel single case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the line data module is used for acquiring line data according to the matching table and the parallel single-case data under the action of the system clock and the synchronous clock of the PET;
the column data module is used for acquiring column data according to a matching table and parallel single-case data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET;
the coincidence detection module is used for segmenting the row data and the column data under the action of a system clock and a synchronous clock of the PET to form coincidence case data;
the three-level buffer queue FIFO module is used for outputting all the case-consistent data in sequence one by one under the action of a system clock so as to form Listmode-format data output conforming to the case data;
the coincidence pairing table comprises a plurality of groups of data modules, each system clock pulse correspondingly processes one data module, one data module comprises a plurality of data units, each data unit corresponds to one coincidence pair, each data unit consists of a row of data and a column of data, the row of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to one of the barrel controllers of the coincidence pair, and the column of data is used for representing parallel single-case data corresponding to the other barrel controller of the coincidence pair;
under the action of the synchronous clock, filling corresponding data units with row data and column data of each coincidence pair by each system clock pulse according to the coincidence matching pair table, completing matching of all coincidence cases through a first number of system clock pulses, and completing effective or ineffective coincidence case data output through a second number of system clock pulses after forming the matching of all coincidence cases, wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is smaller than or equal to the size of the system clock pulse in one synchronous clock.
5. The compliance controller according to claim 4, wherein the third-level buffer queue FIFO module is configured to sort all compliance case data under the action of the system clock, and output all the sorted compliance case data sequentially one by one to form Listmode format data output of the compliance case data.
6. The compliance controller of claim 4, wherein the number of the row data modules and the column data modules is 24;
the three-level buffer queue FIFO module comprises 24 three-level FIFO modules, 4 two-level FIFO merging control modules, 6 two-level FIFO modules, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module and 1 FIFO module, wherein each three-level FIFO module is used for receiving coincidence case data generated by the corresponding coincidence detection module, each two-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 three-level FIFO modules and transfers the coincidence case data acquired from the corresponding three-level FIFO module to one two-level FIFO module, 1 one-level FIFO merging control module correspondingly monitors 6 two-level FIFO modules and transfers the data in the 6 two-level FIFO modules to 1 one-level FIFO module, two second-level FIFO modules in the 6 two-level FIFO modules have no data source and are normally empty, the Listmode format data is output by the one-level FIFO module, and under the action of a clock, line and column data enter the coincidence detection module, the coincidence detection module determines whether coincidence case data is generated within 6 clocks, if so, the coincidence detection module is written into a corresponding three-stage FIFO module, and the coincidence detection module finishes all 240 possible coincidence judgments and outputs the coincidence case data from the beginning of one synchronous clock to the generation of the next synchronous clock.
7. The compliance controller of claim 4, wherein the generation of the compliance pair table comprises:
generating a coincidence relation among the plurality of barrel controllers according to coincidence pairs among the plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the coincidence relation comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the number of rows and columns of the coincidence relation is equal, each row and each column of the coincidence relation are respectively used for representing one barrel controller, the barrel controllers corresponding to the rows of the coincidence relation in the direction from top to bottom and the barrel controllers corresponding to the columns of the coincidence relation in the direction from left to right are continuously arranged in the circular ring structure along a first direction, the first barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation along the first direction in the barrel controllers corresponding to the first barrel controllers of the columns of the coincidence relation, and the last barrel controller of the row of the coincidence relation is the barrel controller closest to the first barrel controller of the column of the coincidence relation in the direction opposite to the first direction The last barrel controller of the column in accordance with the relationship is in accordance with the last barrel controller of the row in accordance with the relationship, and the number of the coincidence pairs in the connecting line direction of the first coincidence pair and the last coincidence pair in the relationship is a first preset number;
generating a second preset number of data modules by changing rows and columns with clock according to the coincidence relation;
and inserting the coincidence pairs which are not in the data modules in the coincidence relation into the data modules of which the number of the coincidence pairs is less than a first preset number to obtain a coincidence pairing table.
8. The compliance controller of claim 7, wherein the first predetermined number is 24 and the second predetermined number is 10.
9. A positron emission tomography system, the positron emission tomography system PET comprising:
the device comprises a plurality of block detectors and a plurality of barrel controllers, wherein the number of the barrel controllers is twice that of the block detectors, one barrel controller correspondingly receives serial single-case data acquired by the two block detectors, the block detectors corresponding to each barrel controller are not repeated, the plurality of barrel controllers sequentially surround to form a circular ring structure, and each barrel controller and the plurality of barrel controllers in the circular ring structure, which are opposite to the barrel controller, respectively conform to form corresponding conforming pairs; and a compliance controller as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8.
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