CN112484945A - Interference-free negative step force applying device and method - Google Patents
Interference-free negative step force applying device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112484945A CN112484945A CN202011122052.8A CN202011122052A CN112484945A CN 112484945 A CN112484945 A CN 112484945A CN 202011122052 A CN202011122052 A CN 202011122052A CN 112484945 A CN112484945 A CN 112484945A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a device and a method for applying interference-free negative step force, which comprises the following steps: the linear bearing system (4) is arranged in the middle of the bracket system (1) through the fastening device (2) and the switching device (3); the top of the linear bearing system (4) is connected with a thin wire (6), and a weight (4.8) is placed in the center of the upper surface of a tray (4.6) at the bottom of the linear bearing system (4); the pulley system (5) is fixed on the top of the bracket system (1) through a fastening device (2) and is used for ensuring the routing of the thin wire (6); the left side surface of the electromagnet (7) is provided with a semicircular closed ring and is used for being connected with the thin wire (6); the power supply system (8) is used for performing power supply and power off operation on the electromagnet (7); the magnetic cushion block (9) is adhered to the surface of the loaded object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of measurement. And more particularly to a non-interfering negative step force application device and method.
Background
Six induced when reaction wheel, control moment gyro and sun wing driving mechanism of spacecraft are in orbitThe imaging quality and pointing accuracy of the spacecraft are obviously reduced by the degree-of-freedom micro-vibration, and the micro-vibration characteristics of each movable part are necessarily obtained through ground test measurement, so that the micro-vibration inhibition design of the spacecraft is guided. The piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measurement platform has the advantages of high integral structure rigidity, good medium-high frequency performance and the like, is widely applied to micro-vibration measurement of movable parts, is influenced by charge leakage of piezoelectric materials, has poor low-frequency and ultra-low frequency performance, and cannot perform static measurement. Considering the very low level of micro-vibrations of the moving parts, it is generally 10-3N and 10-3Of the order of N.m and can cover 10-1Hz～103And the frequency range is Hz, so that how to realize the high-precision calibration of the full frequency range of the piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measurement platform is very important.
The piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measuring platform is formed by reasonably arranging and combining a plurality of unidirectional piezoelectric force sensors. According to the differential equation of the piezoelectric force sensor, the voltage response of the piezoelectric force sensor under the action of the known step force is an exponential decay curve, the voltage sensitivity and the discharge time constant of the sensor can be obtained through curve fitting, and the compensation function of the sensor is obtained through calculation by utilizing the discharge time constant, so that the full-frequency-band high-precision calibration of the piezoelectric force sensor can be realized. Similarly, the piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measurement platform can also perform full-band high-precision calibration by applying known step force to the piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measurement platform.
The existing step force loading device is characterized in that a loaded object is connected with a weight through a thin wire, the weight is in a free suspension state, and the negative step force with the magnitude being the weight gravity is applied to the loaded object through shearing or blowing the thin wire. However, two objective factors of the loading method directly influence the loading precision, on one hand, the weight is suspended through the thin wire to form a swinging system, and the pulling force borne by the thin wire under the swinging interference is not a static force, namely a step force which is not standard and is applied to a loaded object after the thin wire is cut off or blown; on the other hand, in the process of cutting or blowing the thin wire, unnecessary human interference factors are introduced due to human operation, so that the loading precision of the step force is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, in order to implement full-band high-precision calibration of a piezoelectric six-degree-of-freedom micro-vibration measurement platform, an embodiment of the present invention provides an interference-free step force loading device, including:
the linear bearing system is arranged in the middle of the bracket system through the fastening device and the switching device;
the top of the linear bearing system is connected with a thin wire, and a weight is placed in the center of the upper surface of a tray at the bottom of the linear bearing system;
the pulley system is fixed on the top of the bracket system through a fastening device and used for ensuring the routing of the thin wire;
the left side surface of the electromagnet is provided with a semicircular closed ring which is used for being connected with the thin wire;
the power supply system is used for performing power supply and power off operation on the electromagnet;
the magnetic cushion block is stuck to the surface of the loaded object;
when the power supply system supplies power to the electromagnet, the electromagnet has magnetic force and can be adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block, so that the thin wire is in a tensioned state.
In one specific embodiment, the linear bearing system consists of a linear bearing, a linear bearing outer sleeve, a sliding rod, a limiting bolt, a switching nut, a tray, a supporting beam and a weight;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the linear bearing outer sleeve is provided with a circular through hole along the vertical direction and is used for interference fit with the outer diameter of the linear bearing;
the linear bearing outer sleeve is provided with two through holes along the horizontal direction, and is screwed and assembled with the two through holes at the right end of the switching device through bolts and nuts;
the sliding rod is a round long rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the top end face of the sliding rod, external threads are arranged at the bottom of the sliding rod, the outer diameter of the sliding rod is equal to the inner diameter of the linear bearing, and the sliding rod can move up and down along the inner diameter of the linear bearing;
the upper surface of the limiting bolt is provided with a semicircular closed ring used for being connected with the thin wire, the lower threaded part is screwed and assembled with a threaded hole in the center of the top end surface of the sliding rod, and the outer diameter of the upper unthreaded cylindrical part is larger than that of the sliding rod so as to prevent the sliding rod from being separated from the linear bearing when the sliding rod moves downwards along the inner diameter of the linear bearing;
the adapter nut is provided with a threaded through hole in the vertical direction and used for being screwed and assembled with the external thread at the bottom of the sliding rod, and the centers of four side surfaces of the adapter nut are provided with a threaded hole;
four rectangular grooves are uniformly distributed on the side surface of a cylinder of the tray, and a threaded hole is formed in the center of each rectangular groove;
the support beam is four identical rectangular section beams, a through hole is arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of each rectangular section beam, the upper portion through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four side faces of the adapter nut through bolts, and the lower portion through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four rectangular grooves of the tray through bolts.
In a specific embodiment, the pulley system consists of an adapter plate, a rectangular pipe, a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley and a cushion block;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the adapter plate is composed of two identical rectangular plates, the middle part and the right part of the adapter plate are welded with the rectangular pipe, two through holes are arranged on the left part of the adapter plate, and the adapter plate is screwed with the long through groove on the upper part of the rectangular pipe through bolts and nuts so that the left end face of the rectangular pipe is abutted against the side face of the rectangular pipe;
a rectangular through groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the rectangular pipe in the vertical direction and used for ensuring the rotation of the first fixed pulley and the routing of a thin line;
a rectangular groove is formed in the right end of the upper surface of the rectangular pipe in the vertical direction and used for ensuring the rotation of the second fixed pulley;
two through holes are arranged on the side face of the rectangular pipe at the same height position, the cushion blocks are four identical circular ring tables and are arranged on two sides of each fixed pulley respectively, and the cushion blocks, the two fixed pulleys and the side face of the rectangular pipe are screwed up and assembled through bolts and nuts.
In a particular embodiment, the thread is sufficiently strong and inelastic to prevent the thread from forming a vibrating system with the linear bearing system.
In one embodiment, the bracket system is formed by welding a first rectangular pipe, a second rectangular pipe, a third rectangular pipe and a fourth rectangular pipe;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two ends of the second rectangular pipe are respectively welded to the middle parts of the side surfaces of the first rectangular pipe and the third rectangular pipe to form an I shape;
the bottom end of the fourth rectangular pipe is welded to the middle part of the upper surface of the second rectangular pipe to form an inverted T shape;
two through holes are formed in the middle of the fourth rectangular pipe and used for fixing the linear bearing system;
and a long through groove with two semicircular ends and a rectangular middle part is arranged at the upper part of the fourth rectangular pipe and is used for adjusting the height of the pulley system up and down along the long through groove, so that the height adjustment of the negative step force loading position is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the fastening device is composed of four groups of bolt and nuts and eight bolts, wherein each group of the four groups of bolt and nuts is composed of two sets of bolts and nuts with the same specification; the eight bolts are bolts with the same specification.
In a specific embodiment, the turning device is two identical rectangular plates, two through holes are arranged at the left end and the right end of each rectangular plate, and the two through holes at the left end are screwed and assembled with the two through holes in the middle of the fourth rectangular pipe through bolts and nuts.
In one embodiment, when the electromagnet is electrified, the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block is larger than the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod, the limiting bolt, the adapting nut, the tray, the supporting beam, the weight and the bolt.
In one embodiment, horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position may be achieved by adjusting the horizontal position of the mounting system.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for applying a non-interfering negative step force, comprising:
adjusting the horizontal position of the bracket system to realize horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position;
the height of the pulley system is adjusted up and down along the long through groove, so that the vertical height adjustment of the negative step force loading position is realized;
the power supply system supplies power to the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet has magnetic force and is adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block, and the thin wire is in a tensioned state;
and the power supply system cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet suddenly, the magnetic force of the electromagnet disappears instantly, and the electromagnet is separated from the magnetic cushion block under the action of the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod, the limiting bolt, the switching nut, the tray, the supporting beam, the weight and the bolt, so that the negative step force is applied to the loaded object.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the interference-free negative step force applying device provided by the embodiment of the invention can eliminate the swing interference of a swing system formed by directly utilizing a thin line to hang weights; the power supply of the power supply system to the electromagnet can be remotely cut off by an operator to eliminate the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block, the loading of negative step force is realized, and the operator is not in contact with the loading device in the loading process, so that the artificial interference caused by direct or indirect contact between the operator and the loading device due to the fact that a thin wire is cut off or blown can be avoided.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic composition diagram of a non-interfering negative step force application device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the structure of a non-interfering negative step force application device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a stent system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic composition of a linear bearing system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded view of a linear bearing system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a pulley system according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 shows an exploded view of the structure of a pulley system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an interference-free negative step force applying device. On one hand, the loading device is provided with a linear bearing system between the weight and the thin wire, and the system is connected with the weight through a mechanism, so that the freedom degree of the weight in the non-loading direction is limited, and the swinging interference of a swinging system formed by directly hanging the weight by using the thin wire can be eliminated; on the other hand, the loading device is provided with the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block between the thin wire and the loaded object, wherein the thin wire is connected with the electromagnet, the electromagnet is powered off by the power supply system, the magnetic cushion block is adhered to the loaded object, an operator can remotely cut off the power supply of the power supply system to the electromagnet so as to eliminate the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block, the loading of negative step force is realized, and the operator is not in contact with the loading device in the loading process, so that the artificial interference caused by direct or indirect contact between the loading device and the thin wire due to cutting or burning of the thin wire can be avoided. In conclusion, the loading of the interference-free negative step force can be realized through reasonable design.
A non-interfering step force loading device as shown in fig. 1-7, comprising:
the device comprises a bracket system 1, a fastening device 2, a switching device 3, a linear bearing system 4, a pulley system 5, a thin wire 6, an electromagnet 7, a power supply system 8 and a magnetic cushion block 9.
The linear bearing system 4 is arranged in the middle of the bracket system 1 through the fastening device 2 and the switching device 3;
the top of the linear bearing system 4 is connected with a thin wire 6, and a weight 4.8 is placed in the center of the upper surface of a tray 4.6 at the bottom of the linear bearing system 4;
the pulley system 5 is fixed on the top of the bracket system 1 through a fastening device 2 and is used for ensuring the routing of the thin wire 6;
the left side surface of the electromagnet 7 is provided with a semicircular closed ring which is used for being connected with the thin wire 6;
the power supply system 8 is used for performing power supply and power off operation on the electromagnet 7;
the magnetic cushion block 9 is a magnetic iron element and is adhered to the surface of the loaded object;
when the power supply system 8 supplies power to the electromagnet 7, the electromagnet 7 has magnetic force and can be adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block 9, so that the thin wire 6 is in a tensioned state.
The power supply of the power supply system to the electromagnet can be remotely cut off by an operator to eliminate the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block, the loading of negative step force is realized, and the operator is not in contact with the loading device in the loading process, so that the artificial interference caused by direct or indirect contact between the operator and the loading device due to the fact that a thin wire is cut off or blown can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the linear bearing system 4 is composed of a linear bearing 4.1, a linear bearing outer sleeve 4.2, a sliding rod 4.3, a limit bolt 4.4, an adapting nut 4.5, a tray 4.6, a supporting beam 4.7 and a weight 4.8;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the linear bearing outer sleeve 4.2 is provided with a circular through hole along the vertical direction and is used for interference fit with the outer diameter of the linear bearing 4.1;
the linear bearing outer sleeve 4.2 is provided with two through holes along the horizontal direction, and is screwed and assembled with the two through holes at the right end of the adapter device 3 through bolts and nuts 2.2;
the sliding rod 4.3 is a round long rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the top end face of the sliding rod, external threads are arranged at the bottom of the sliding rod, the outer diameter of the sliding rod is equal to the inner diameter of the linear bearing, and the sliding rod can move up and down along the inner diameter of the linear bearing 4.1;
the upper surface of the limiting bolt 4.4 is provided with a semicircular closed ring for connecting with the thin wire 6, the lower threaded part is screwed and assembled with a threaded hole in the center of the top end surface of the sliding rod 4.3, and the outer diameter of the upper unthreaded cylindrical part is larger than that of the sliding rod 4.3 so as to prevent the sliding rod 4.3 from being separated from the linear bearing 4.1 when moving downwards along the inner diameter of the linear bearing 4.1;
the adapter nut 4.5 is provided with a threaded through hole along the vertical direction and is used for screwing and assembling with the external thread at the bottom of the sliding rod 4.3, and the centers of four side surfaces of the adapter nut 4.5 are provided with a threaded hole;
four rectangular grooves are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the cylinder of the tray 4.6, and a threaded hole is formed in the center of each rectangular groove;
the supporting beams 4.7 are four identical rectangular section beams, a through hole is arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of each rectangular section beam, the upper portion through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four side faces of the adapter nut 4.5 through bolts 2.5, and the lower portion through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four rectangular grooves of the tray 4.6 through bolts 2.5.
The linear bearing 4.1 limits the freedom of movement of the sliding rod 4.3, and no swinging interference exists.
In one example, the linear bearing housing 4.2, the slide bar 4.3 and the limit bolt 4.4 are aluminum elements.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the pulley system 5 is composed of an adapter plate 5.1, a rectangular tube 5.2, a first fixed pulley 5.3, a second fixed pulley 5.4 and a cushion block 5.5;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the adapter plate 5.1 is composed of two identical rectangular plates, the middle part and the right part of the adapter plate are welded with the rectangular tube 5.2, two through holes are arranged on the left part of the adapter plate 5.1, and the adapter plate is screwed with the long through groove on the upper part of the rectangular tube 1.4 through bolts and nuts 2.3, so that the left end surface of the rectangular tube 5.2 is abutted against the side surface of the rectangular tube 1.4;
a rectangular through groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the rectangular pipe 5.2 in the vertical direction, so that the rotation of the first fixed pulley 5.3 and the routing of the thin wire 6 are guaranteed;
a rectangular groove is formed in the right end of the upper surface of the rectangular tube 5.2 in the vertical direction and used for ensuring the rotation of the second fixed pulley 5.4;
two through holes are arranged on the side face of the rectangular pipe 5.2 at the same height position, the cushion blocks 5.5 are four identical circular ring tables which are respectively arranged on two sides of each fixed pulley, and the cushion blocks 5.5, the two fixed pulleys 5.3-5.4 and the side face of the rectangular pipe 5.2 are screwed and assembled through the bolt and the nut 2.4.
In a specific embodiment, the thin wire 6 has sufficient strength and is inelastic to prevent the thin wire 6 from forming a vibration system with the linear bearing system 4, which would affect the loading accuracy of the negative step force.
When the power supply system 8 supplies power to the electromagnet 7, the tension borne by the thin wire 6 is the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod 4.3, the limiting bolt 4.4, the adapting nut 4.5, the tray 4.6, the supporting beam 4.7, the weight 4.8 and the bolt 2.5. The magnetic force between the electromagnet 7 and the magnetic cushion block 9 is larger than the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod 4.3, the limiting bolt 4.4, the adapting nut 4.5, the tray 4.6, the supporting beam 4.7, the weight 4.8 and the bolt 2.5.
As shown in fig. 3, the bracket system 1 is formed by welding a first rectangular tube 1.1, a second rectangular tube 1.2, a third rectangular tube 1.3 and a fourth rectangular tube 1.4;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two ends of the second rectangular pipe 1.2 are respectively welded to the middle parts of the side surfaces of the first rectangular pipe 1.1 and the third rectangular pipe 1.3 to form an I shape;
the bottom end of the fourth rectangular pipe 1.4 is welded to the middle of the upper surface of the second rectangular pipe 1.2 to form an inverted T shape;
two through holes are formed in the middle of the fourth rectangular pipe 1.4 and used for fixing the linear bearing system 4;
and a long through groove with two semicircular ends and a rectangular middle part is arranged at the upper part of the fourth rectangular pipe 1.4 and used for adjusting the height of the pulley system 5 up and down along the long through groove, so that the height adjustment of the loading position of the negative step force is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 and 7, the fastening device 2 is composed of four sets of bolts and nuts 2.1-2.4 and eight bolts and nuts 2.5, wherein each set of bolts and nuts 2.1-2.4 is composed of two sets of bolts and nuts with the same specification; eight bolts 2.5 are bolts with the same specification.
As shown in fig. 2, the switching device 3 is two identical rectangular plates, two through holes are arranged at the left end and the right end of each rectangular plate, and the two through holes at the left end are screwed and assembled with the two through holes in the middle of the fourth rectangular tube 1.4 through bolts and nuts 2.1.
In one example, the rectangular plate is a steel member
The loading device needs to be assembled through bolts or threads, and the bolts or the threads need to be screwed as much as possible within the allowable strength range, so that the rigidity of the loading device is improved, and the loading precision is ensured.
In one embodiment, the horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position may be achieved by adjusting the horizontal position of the mounting system 1.
The interference-free negative step force application method using the device comprises the following steps:
adjusting the horizontal position of the bracket system 1 to realize horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position;
the height of the pulley system 5 is adjusted up and down along the long through groove, so that the vertical height adjustment of the negative step force loading position is realized;
the power supply system 8 supplies power to the electromagnet 7, so that the electromagnet 7 has magnetic force and is adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block 9, and the thin wire 6 is in a tensioned state;
the power supply system 8 cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet 7 suddenly, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 7 disappears instantly, the electromagnet is separated from the magnetic cushion block 9 under the action of the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod 4.3, the limiting bolt 4.4, the adapting nut 4.5, the tray 4.6, the supporting beam 4.7, the weight 4.8 and the bolt 2.5, so that the loaded object is applied with negative step force, and after the limiting bolt 4.4 is contacted with the linear bearing 4.1, the sliding rod 4.3 stops moving downwards, and the whole operation process is finished.
The interference-free negative step force applying device provided by the embodiment of the invention can eliminate the swing interference of a swing system formed by directly utilizing a thin line to hang weights; the power supply of the power supply system to the electromagnet can be remotely cut off by an operator to eliminate the magnetic force between the electromagnet and the magnetic cushion block, the loading of negative step force is realized, and the operator is not in contact with the loading device in the loading process, so that the artificial interference caused by direct or indirect contact between the operator and the loading device due to the fact that a thin wire is cut off or blown can be avoided.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An interference-free negative step force application device, comprising:
the linear bearing system (4) is arranged in the middle of the bracket system (1) through the fastening device (2) and the switching device (3);
the top of the linear bearing system (4) is connected with a thin wire (6), and a weight (4.8) is placed in the center of the upper surface of a tray (4.6) at the bottom of the linear bearing system (4);
the pulley system (5) is fixed on the top of the bracket system (1) through a fastening device (2) and is used for ensuring the routing of the thin wire (6);
the left side surface of the electromagnet (7) is provided with a semicircular closed ring and is used for being connected with the thin wire (6);
the power supply system (8) is used for performing power supply and power off operation on the electromagnet (7);
the magnetic cushion block (9) is adhered to the surface of the loaded object;
when the power supply system (8) supplies power to the electromagnet (7), the electromagnet (7) has magnetic force and can be adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block (9), so that the thin wire (6) is in a tensioned state.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear bearing system (4) consists of a linear bearing (4.1), a linear bearing housing (4.2), a slide bar (4.3), a limit bolt (4.4), a transition nut (4.5), a tray (4.6), a support beam (4.7) and a weight (4.8);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the linear bearing outer sleeve (4.2) is provided with a circular through hole along the vertical direction and is used for being in interference fit with the outer diameter of the linear bearing (4.1);
the linear bearing outer sleeve (4.2) is provided with two through holes along the horizontal direction, and is screwed and assembled with the two through holes at the right end of the switching device (3) through bolts and nuts (2.2);
the sliding rod (4.3) is a round long rod, a threaded hole is formed in the center of the top end face of the sliding rod, external threads are arranged at the bottom of the sliding rod, the outer diameter of the sliding rod is equal to the inner diameter of the linear bearing, and the sliding rod can move up and down along the inner diameter of the linear bearing (4.1);
a semicircular closed ring is arranged on the upper surface of the limiting bolt (4.4) and is used for being connected with the thin wire (6), the lower threaded part is screwed and assembled with a threaded hole in the center of the top end surface of the sliding rod (4.3), and the outer diameter of the upper unthreaded cylindrical part is larger than that of the sliding rod (4.3) so as to prevent the sliding rod (4.3) from being separated from the linear bearing (4.1) when moving downwards along the inner diameter of the linear bearing (4.1);
the adapter nut (4.5) is provided with a thread through hole along the vertical direction and is used for screwing and assembling with the external thread at the bottom of the sliding rod (4.3), and the centers of four side surfaces of the adapter nut (4.5) are provided with a thread hole;
four rectangular grooves are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the cylinder of the tray (4.6), and a threaded hole is formed in the center of each rectangular groove;
the supporting beams (4.7) are four identical rectangular section beams, the upper part and the lower part of each rectangular section beam are respectively provided with a through hole, the upper through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four side surfaces of the adapter nut (4.5) through bolts (2.5), and the lower through hole is screwed and assembled with threaded holes in the centers of four rectangular grooves of the tray (4.6) through bolts (2.5).
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulley system (5) consists of an adapter plate (5.1), a rectangular tube (5.2), a first fixed pulley (5.3), a second fixed pulley (5.4) and a spacer (5.5);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the adapter plate (5.1) is composed of two identical rectangular plates, the middle part and the right part of the adapter plate are welded with the rectangular pipe (5.2), two through holes are arranged on the left part of the adapter plate (5.1), and the adapter plate is screwed with a long through groove on the upper part of the rectangular pipe (1.4) through bolts and nuts (2.3), so that the left end surface of the rectangular pipe (5.2) is abutted against the side surface of the rectangular pipe (1.4);
a rectangular through groove is formed in the middle of the upper surface and the lower surface of the rectangular pipe (5.2) in the vertical direction and used for ensuring the rotation of the first fixed pulley (5.3) and the routing of the thin wire (6);
a rectangular groove is formed in the right end of the upper surface of the rectangular pipe (5.2) in the vertical direction and used for ensuring the rotation of the second fixed pulley (5.4);
two through holes are arranged on the side face of the rectangular pipe (5.2) at the same height position, the cushion blocks (5.5) are four identical circular ring tables and are respectively arranged on two sides of each fixed pulley, and the cushion blocks (5.5), the two fixed pulleys (5.3) - (5.4) and the side face of the rectangular pipe (5.2) are screwed up and assembled through bolt nuts (2.4).
4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the thread (6) is sufficiently strong and inelastic to prevent the thread (6) from forming a vibrating system with the linear bearing system (4).
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket system (1) is formed by welding a first rectangular tube (1.1), a second rectangular tube (1.2), a third rectangular tube (1.3) and a fourth rectangular tube (1.4);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two ends of the second rectangular pipe (1.2) are respectively welded to the middle parts of the side surfaces of the first rectangular pipe (1.1) and the third rectangular pipe (1.3) to form an I shape;
the bottom end of the fourth rectangular pipe (1.4) is welded in the middle of the upper surface of the second rectangular pipe (1.2) to form an inverted T shape;
two through holes are formed in the middle of the fourth rectangular pipe (1.4) and used for fixing the linear bearing system (4);
and a long through groove with semicircular two ends and a rectangular middle part is arranged at the upper part of the fourth rectangular pipe (1.4) and used for adjusting the height of the pulley system (5) up and down along the long through groove, so that the vertical height adjustment of the negative step force loading position is realized.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening device (2) consists of four sets of bolt and nuts (2.1-2.4) and eight bolts (2.5), wherein each set of four sets of bolt and nuts (2.1-2.4) consists of two sets of bolts and nuts with the same specification; the eight bolts (2.5) are bolts with the same specification.
7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the adapter device (3) is two identical rectangular plates, two through holes are arranged at the left end and the right end of the two rectangular plates, and the two through holes at the left end are screwed and assembled with the two through holes in the middle of the fourth rectangular pipe (1.4) through bolts and nuts (2.1).
8. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that when the electromagnet (7) is energized, the magnetic force between it and the magnetic cushion (9) is greater than the sum of the gravity of the slide bar (4.3), the limit bolt (4.4), the adapting nut (4.5), the tray (4.6), the support beam (4.7), the weight (4.8) and the bolt (2.5).
9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position is achieved by adjusting the horizontal position of the carrier system (1).
10. A method of applying a non-interfering negative step force using the device of any of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
adjusting the horizontal position of the bracket system (1) to realize horizontal adjustment of the negative step force loading position;
the height of the pulley system (5) is adjusted up and down along the long through groove, so that the vertical height adjustment of the negative step force loading position is realized;
the power supply system (8) supplies power to the electromagnet (7), so that the electromagnet (7) has magnetic force and is adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic cushion block (9) to enable the thin wire (6) to be in a tensioned state;
the power supply system (8) cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet (7) suddenly, the magnetic force of the electromagnet (7) disappears instantly, and the electromagnet is separated from the magnetic cushion block (9) under the action of the sum of the gravity of the sliding rod (4.3), the limiting bolt (4.4), the switching nut (4.5), the tray (4.6), the supporting beam (4.7), the weight (4.8) and the bolt (2.5), so that the negative step force is applied to the loaded object.
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