CN112484309B - Control method for alternately using multiple switches and electric water heater - Google Patents
Control method for alternately using multiple switches and electric water heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN112484309B CN112484309B CN202011197667.7A CN202011197667A CN112484309B CN 112484309 B CN112484309 B CN 112484309B CN 202011197667 A CN202011197667 A CN 202011197667A CN 112484309 B CN112484309 B CN 112484309B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0018—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using electric energy supply
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for alternately using a plurality of switches and an electric water heater, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: when receiving a command of needing to switch on the switches, respectively acquiring the accumulated switch-on times of the switches which are not switched on, and switching on the switch with the minimum accumulated switch-on times; and/or when receiving a command of needing to turn off the switches, respectively acquiring the accumulated on times of the turned-on switches, and turning off the switch with the minimum accumulated on times. When the switch is switched on and/or switched off, the switch with the least accumulated on times is always switched on and/or switched off, so that the use times of the switches are more balanced, the service life of the switch is prolonged as far as possible under the same use degree, and the service life of the whole machine is further prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of switch control, and particularly relates to a control method for alternately using a plurality of switches and an electric water heater.
Background
In devices in which the load is controlled by a switch, such as a relay, it is possible that two or more devices will be designed to function the same or similar to the system when they are switched on. For example, two heaters with the same power and the same action in a household appliance are controlled by two relays with the same parameters and the same connection method, and any one relay can be actually switched on when only one relay is required to be switched on. However, in the existing control program, the number of relays that need to be engaged is generally directly corresponding to the output state, for example, when one relay needs to be engaged, the first relay is always engaged.
For example, a certain electric water heater has two heating pipes, the power of the heating pipes is 2kW, the action of the heating pipes is completely the same, and the on-off of the heating pipes is controlled by a first relay and a second relay with the same parameters. The total design power of the electric water heater is 4kW, only 2kW needs to be started sometimes, and both the electric water heater and the electric water heater do not need to be started sometimes. That is, three states are required: two relays are attracted, one relay is attracted, the other relay is disconnected, and the two relays are not attracted.
This is typically written in the program:
when 4kW power is needed, the first relay is attracted, the second relay is attracted.
When 2kW of power is needed, the first relay is closed, and the second relay is opened.
When 0kW power is needed, the first relay is disconnected and the second relay is disconnected.
The scheme is clear and simple in appearance and strong in reliability, but has some hidden problems.
For example, when an electric water heater is in a certain condition, the decision logic always needs power to switch back and forth between 0kW and 2kW, then the losses all fall on the first relay, while the second relay is still new, over time, because the short endurance board of the first relay brings a high probability of quality loss during the warranty period. In another case, the power is always required to be switched back and forth on 2kW and 4kW in the judgment logic, then the loss falls on the second relay completely, and the first relay is still new, and similarly, the probability of quality loss in the warranty period is high.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a control method for multiple switches to be used alternately, wherein when a switch is turned on and/or off, the switch with the least accumulated turn-on times is always turned on and/or off, so that the use times of the multiple switches can be more balanced, and the service life of the multiple switches can be prolonged as much as possible under the same use degree.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric water heater, which adopts the above control method for alternately using a plurality of switches.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a control method for the alternate use of a plurality of switches comprises the following steps:
when receiving a command of needing to switch on the switches, respectively acquiring the accumulated switch-on times of the switches which are not switched on, and switching on the switch with the minimum accumulated switch-on times;
and/or
When receiving a command for turning off the switches, the accumulated on times of the turned-on switches are acquired, and the switch with the least accumulated on times is turned off.
In a further aspect of the present invention,
the accumulated number of times the switch has been turned on is stored in a power down capable memory.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
when the switch is used for controlling the load of double control of the live wire and the zero wire, the switch comprises a first sub switch and a second sub switch which are respectively arranged on the live wire and the zero wire;
and when the switch needs to be switched on and/or switched off, controlling the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch to be switched on and switched off in reverse time sequence each time.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the parameters of the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are similar or identical.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
when the switch is in the form of a plurality of sub-switches connected in series for controlling a load, the degree of loss of each sub-switch per turn-on/turn-off of the switch is accumulated,
when the switch needs to be switched on and/or off, the sub-switch with the lowest control loss performs the last switching on and/or off action.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
the loss degree of each sub-switch is the ratio of the current used electrical life of the sub-switch to the total electrical life under rated current;
after one complete on-off operation, calculating and updating the current used electrical life;
the current used electrical life = the current used electrical life + the electrical loss factor of this time;
wherein: this time electrical loss factor = total electrical life at rated current/total electrical life at the load current.
In a further aspect of the present invention,
when the capacities of the sub-switches are the same, the accumulated last turn-on times of the sub-switches are recorded respectively, and when the switch needs to be turned on, the sub-switch with the least accumulated last turn-on times is turned on finally.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
when the accumulated on times of a plurality of switches are the same or the difference is within a set threshold range, the accumulated on time of the corresponding switch is acquired, and the switch with the shortest accumulated on time is controlled to be switched on and/or switched off.
In a further aspect of the present invention,
the accumulated on-time is stored in the power down capable memory.
An electric water heater comprises a plurality of electric heating units and a plurality of switches respectively used for controlling the on/off of the electric heating units, wherein the plurality of switches adopt the control method of alternate use.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. When the switch is switched on and/or switched off, the switch with the least accumulated on times is always switched on and/or switched off, so that the use times of the switches are more balanced, the service life of the switch is prolonged as far as possible under the same use degree, and the service life of the whole machine is further prolonged.
2. The invention only affects the bottom output logic and does not affect other control logic in the program.
3. For the load of double control of the live wire and the zero wire, the invention leads the two sub-switches to be switched on and off in reverse time sequence each time, and the impact falls on different sub-switches each time, thus leading the chances of the two sub-switches bearing the current impact to be balanced, prolonging the service life of the switch and reducing the repair rate.
4. For the load control branch circuit with a plurality of sub-switches connected in series, the invention accumulates the worn degree of each sub-switch according to the impact degree of the same load current to different sub-switches when the state of each sub-switch needs to be switched, sorts the impact degrees of the sub-switches needing to be operated each time the state needs to be changed, and switches off the sub-switch with the lowest loss degree at the latest to ensure that the sub-switch with the lowest loss degree acts last to bear the impact, thereby achieving the balance of the service life of each sub-switch.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention when a switch is turned on;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the control method when the switch is turned off according to the present invention.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a control method for alternately using a plurality of switches and an electric water heater.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the control method for the alternate use of a plurality of switches comprises the following steps:
when receiving a command for turning on the switch, respectively acquiring the accumulated turned-on times of the switches which are not turned on, and turning on the switch with the least accumulated turned-on times.
And/or when receiving a command of needing to turn off the switches, respectively acquiring the accumulated on times of the turned-on switches, and turning off the switch with the minimum accumulated on times.
In detail, for explaining the control method of the present invention, an electric heating unit and a switch for controlling the on/off of the electric heating unit in an electric water heater are used as examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The electric water heater comprises a plurality of electric heating units, wherein the electric heating units are used for heating water to increase the temperature of the water so as to meet the use requirements of users, and the electric heating units are respectively provided with a switch for controlling the on-off of the electric heating units. The working state of the electric heating unit is adjusted by controlling the state of the switch, and then the heating power of the electric water heater is adjusted.
Assuming n switches, a first variable, a second variable, a third variable, and … … nth variable are defined, respectively. The first variable is used for representing the accumulated turned-on number of the first switch, the second variable is used for representing the accumulated turned-on number of the second switch, and the third variable is used for representing the accumulated turned-on number of the third switch … … and the nth variable is used for representing the accumulated turned-on number of the nth switch. After the switch executes the switch-on action once, the first variable, the second variable, the third variable and the … … nth variable execute an auto-adding command.
When a control unit of the electric water heater receives a command of needing to switch on one switch, the accumulated switch-on times of a plurality of switches which are not switched on are respectively obtained, the switch with the minimum accumulated switch-on times is judged, and then the switch is controlled to be switched on.
When a plurality of switches, each of which has the smallest cumulative number of turned-on times, appear, any one of these switches is turned on. When the switch is turned on, the corresponding accumulated turned-on times are increased by 1, and the accumulated turned-on times of the switch are counted in real time.
When the control unit of the electric water heater receives a command of switching off one switch, the accumulated on times of the switches which are switched on are respectively obtained, the switch with the minimum accumulated on times is judged, and then the switch is controlled to be switched off to prepare for the next on.
When a plurality of switches, each of which has been turned on a minimum number of times, are present, any one of these switches is turned off. This is to prepare the next on operation so that the switch having the small number of times of on operation is ready as much as possible.
In the scheme, when the switch is switched on and/or switched off, the switch with the least accumulated on times is always switched on and/or switched off, so that the use times of the switches are more balanced, the service life of the switch is prolonged as far as possible under the same use degree, and the service life of the whole machine is further prolonged.
Further, when the control unit of the electric water heater receives a command that more than one, but not all, of the switches which are not turned on need to be turned on, the accumulated turned-on times of the switches which are not turned on are respectively acquired, and then the corresponding switches are sequentially controlled to be turned on according to the sequence of the accumulated turned-on times from small to large until the number of the switches which need to be turned on in the turn-on command is met. And when the corresponding switch is turned on, the corresponding accumulated turned-on times are increased by 1, and the accumulated turned-on times of the switch are counted in real time.
And/or when the control unit of the electric water heater receives a command that more than one, but not all, switches which are switched on need to be switched off, acquiring the accumulated on-times of the switched-on switches respectively, and then controlling the corresponding switches to be switched off in sequence according to the accumulated on-times from less to more until the number of the switches which need to be switched off in the on-command is met.
It will be appreciated that the switch may be of a variety of types, for example a relay.
In a further aspect, the cumulative number of times the switch has been turned on is stored in a power-down capable memory.
In particular, in some special cases, if the power supply of the device may be interrupted, the variable indicating the number of times the switch has been turned on needs to be stored in a power-down memory such as an EEPROM, and read from the power-down memory device when the device is powered on next time, so as to ensure the accuracy of the data for a long time.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the switch is used for controlling a load controlled by live and neutral wires, the switch includes a first sub-switch and a second sub-switch respectively disposed on the live and neutral wires.
When the switch needs to be switched on and/or switched off, the first subswitch and the second subswitch are controlled to be switched on and switched off in reverse time sequence each time.
Preferably, the parameters of the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are similar or identical.
In detail, for example, when the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are respectively connected to two ends of the same load, both sub-switches are required to be turned on, and the load, that is, the electric heating unit, can be connected to the loop to operate, so that the current impact at the moment of turning on is borne by the sub-switch which is turned on later. Therefore, when the parameters of the two sub-switches are similar or identical, a counting alternate working system can be adopted, the two sub-switches are turned on in turn, the chances of the two sub-switches bearing current impact are balanced, the service life of the switch is prolonged, and the repair rate is reduced.
In some further embodiments of the invention, when the switch is in the form of a series of sub-switches for controlling the load, the loss level of each sub-switch is accumulated each time the switch is switched on/off, and when it is desired to switch on and/or off the switch, the sub-switch with the lowest loss level is controlled to perform the last switching on and/or off action.
In detail, for a circuit structure in which a plurality of sub-switches are connected in series to form a multi-stage switch, the on-conditions of the sub-switches for each load operation can be listed one by one, for example, when the state of each sub-switch needs to be switched, the consumed degree of each sub-switch is accumulated according to the impact degree of the same load current to different sub-switches, and when the state needs to be changed, the impact degrees of the sub-switches needing to be operated are sorted, and the sub-switch with the lowest loss degree is turned off at the latest, so that the sub-switch with the lowest loss degree is operated at last to bear the impact, and the balance of the service lives of the sub-switches is achieved.
Further, for a switch composed of a plurality of sub-switches connected in series, the impact on the last sub-switch is large. If the capacities of a plurality of sub-switches are the same, the accumulated last turn-on times of the plurality of sub-switches are respectively recorded, and when the switch needs to be turned on, the sub-switch with the least accumulated last turn-on times is turned on finally. Different sub-switches are put in turn to be switched on at last to bear impact, the different sub-switches are used uniformly, and the service life of the whole machine is prolonged. If the capacities are not equal, the judgment can be carried out according to the times proportion.
In the above scheme, the loss degree of each sub-switch is a ratio of the currently used electrical life of the sub-switch to the total electrical life of the sub-switch at the rated current.
For example: the current used electrical life is 10000 times, the total electrical life is 100000 times, and then the loss degree is 10%.
The initial values of all the sub-switches are 0, and the current used electrical service life is calculated and updated after one-time complete on-off operation;
the current used electrical life = the current used electrical life + the electrical loss factor of this time;
wherein: this time electrical loss factor = total electrical life at rated current/total electrical life at the load current.
The total electrical lifetime at different load currents is experimentally measured for several typical values and a continuous function of electrical lifetime versus load current is fitted.
In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when there are a plurality of switches whose cumulative on times are the same or differ within a set threshold range, the cumulative on times of the respective switches are acquired, and the switch in which the cumulative on time is the shortest is controlled to be turned on and/or off.
In detail, for some pull-in duration time which can affect the switch or the element, the used time can be recorded, namely the accumulated on-time is recorded, and when the accumulated on-time is not very different, the switch with shorter accumulated on-time is pulled in advance.
Preferably, the accumulated on-time is stored in the power-down memory, so that the situation that data cannot be updated after the power of the equipment is down under special conditions is prevented.
In a further scheme, the functions of the loads respectively used for controlling the switches are the same, the logic structure is simple, and the implementation is easy.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the electric water heater includes a plurality of electric heating units and a plurality of switches for controlling the on/off of the electric heating units, and the plurality of switches adopt the control method for alternate use as described above, so that a plurality of switches with the same function can be uniformly alternate used, and the service life of the whole machine is prolonged.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for alternately using a plurality of switches is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
when receiving a command of needing to switch on the switches, respectively acquiring the accumulated switch-on times of the switches which are not switched on, and switching on the switch with the minimum accumulated switch-on times;
and/or
When receiving a command of needing to turn off the switch, respectively acquiring the accumulated on-times of the turned-on switches, and turning off the switch with the minimum accumulated on-times;
when a command of needing to switch off one switch is received, respectively acquiring the accumulated on-times of the plurality of switches which are switched on, judging the switch with the least accumulated on-times, and then controlling the switch to be switched off to prepare for switching on next time;
when the switch is in the form of a plurality of sub-switches connected in series for controlling a load, a degree of loss of each sub-switch per turn-on/turn-off of the switch is accumulated,
when the switch needs to be switched on and/or switched off, the sub-switch with the lowest control loss degree executes the action of final switching on and/or switching off;
if the capacities of the sub-switches are the same, recording the accumulated last turn-on times of the sub-switches respectively, and finally turning on the sub-switch with the least accumulated last turn-on times when the switch needs to be turned on;
when the accumulated on times of a plurality of switches are the same or the difference is within a set threshold range, the accumulated on time of the corresponding switch is acquired, and the switch with the shortest accumulated on time is controlled to be switched on and/or switched off.
2. A control method for alternate use of a plurality of switches according to claim 1, wherein:
the accumulated number of times the switch has been turned on is stored in a power down capable memory.
3. A control method for multiple switch rotations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:
when the switch is used for controlling the load of double control of the live wire and the zero wire, the switch comprises a first sub switch and a second sub switch which are respectively arranged on the live wire and the zero wire;
when the switch needs to be switched on and/or switched off, the first subswitch and the second subswitch are controlled to be switched on and switched off in reverse time sequence each time.
4. A control method for alternate use of a plurality of switches according to claim 3, wherein:
the parameters of the first sub-switch and the second sub-switch are similar or identical.
5. A control method for alternate use of a plurality of switches according to claim 1, wherein:
the loss degree of each sub-switch is the ratio of the current used electrical life of the sub-switch to the total electrical life under rated current;
after one complete on-off operation, calculating and updating the current used electrical life;
the current used electrical life = the current used electrical life + the electrical loss factor of this time;
wherein: this time electrical loss factor = total electrical life at rated current/total electrical life at the load current;
the total electrical lifetime at different load currents is experimentally measured for several typical values and a continuous function of electrical lifetime versus load current is fitted.
6. A control method for use with a plurality of switches in alternation according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the accumulated on-time is stored in the power down capable memory.
7. An electric water heater comprising a plurality of electric heating units and a plurality of switches for controlling the on/off of the electric heating units, respectively, characterized in that: the plurality of switches are controlled by a rotation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN202011197667.7A CN112484309B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Control method for alternately using multiple switches and electric water heater |
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| CN202011197667.7A CN112484309B (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Control method for alternately using multiple switches and electric water heater |
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