CN112483208A - ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser - Google Patents

ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112483208A
CN112483208A CN202110009010.1A CN202110009010A CN112483208A CN 112483208 A CN112483208 A CN 112483208A CN 202110009010 A CN202110009010 A CN 202110009010A CN 112483208 A CN112483208 A CN 112483208A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
biomass
heat pipe
flue gas
air
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Pending
Application number
CN202110009010.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王钊
王震甲
朱文
严少刚
孙舫
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CNOOC Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Service Co Ltd
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CNOOC Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Service Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110009010.1A priority Critical patent/CN112483208A/en
Publication of CN112483208A publication Critical patent/CN112483208A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/02Plants modified to use their waste heat, other than that of exhaust, e.g. engine-friction heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F26B21/002Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupled with a heat pipe condenser. The system comprises a biomass combustion system, an air-flue gas heat exchange system and a working medium circulating system, wherein the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system are respectively coupled and connected at a biomass drying unit and a biomass combustion furnace, and the air-flue gas heat exchange system and the working medium circulating system are coupled and connected through an evaporator, a preheater and a heat pipe condenser; the biomass combustion system comprises a biomass drying unit and a biomass combustion furnace which are connected through a pipeline; the air-flue gas heat exchange system comprises an induced draft fan, the heat pipe condenser, the biomass combustion furnace, the preheater, the evaporator and the biomass drying unit; the working medium circulating system sequentially passes through the preheater, the evaporator, the turbine generator set, the heat regenerator, the heat pipe condenser and the working medium pump, and are connected through pipelines to form a closed loop. The invention realizes the combination of the heat pipe heat exchanger technology and the ORC power generation technology, converts the waste heat of the biomass combustion flue gas into mechanical energy and electric energy, can efficiently recover and utilize the condensed waste heat, realizes the multi-stage utilization of energy and improves the energy utilization rate of the system.

Description

ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power generation system, in particular to an organic working medium Rankine cycle waste heat power generation system.
Background
With the rapid development of modern economy and society, the demand of people on energy is increasing, the energy shortage and environmental pollution become difficult problems worldwide, and the continuous development of energy conservation and emission reduction becomes a new standard of the industry. A large amount of waste heat is generated in the production process in the fields of chemical industry, petroleum, steel, light industry and the like, and according to scientific data, 50 percent of heat energy utilized by human beings at present is finally discharged in a waste heat mode. Although the potential of waste heat recovery and utilization is huge, the waste heat also has the characteristics of low temperature and low quality, and how to efficiently utilize medium-temperature and low-temperature waste heat is always a hotspot of research in the field of energy sources, wherein the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) waste heat power generation technology is a low-temperature waste heat utilization technology widely researched by people.
The heat pipe technology is also an important research result in the field of low-temperature waste heat, the heat pipe is formed by pumping negative pressure in a pipe and then filling working medium into the pipe for sealing, one end of the heat pipe is an evaporation end, the other end of the heat pipe is a condensation end, heat transmission is realized through phase change of the working medium, and compared with a traditional heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe is greatly improved.
In addition, the biomass is considered as zero-carbon emission energy, and in order to slow down the greenhouse effect, the biomass energy is popularized and applied at different degrees at home and abroad, and the traditional coal-fired power plant is partially replaced by different forms such as direct biomass combustion, mixed biomass and coal combustion, biomass gas and the like. However, the biomass energy is low in heat value as fuel, the amount of flue gas generated when the same heat load is generated is larger than that of the traditional fuel, and along with the urgent requirements of popularization and use of biomass and energy conservation and emission reduction, the flue gas of the biomass fuel is also necessary to be recycled and utilized.
In the field of low-temperature waste heat utilization, a heat pipe technology and an ORC technology are combined and applied to waste heat recovery and utilization of biomass direct-fired flue gas, so that energy consumption can be reduced, economic benefits can be improved, thermal pollution and carbon emission to the environment can be reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat and coupling a heat pipe condenser, which comprehensively applies a heat pipe heat exchange principle and an organic working medium Rankine cycle waste heat power generation principle and comprises a biomass combustion system, an air-flue gas heat exchange system and a working medium circulating system; the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system are coupled and connected at the biomass drying unit and the biomass combustion furnace respectively, and the air-flue gas heat exchange system and the circulating working medium system are coupled and connected through an evaporator preheater and a heat pipe condenser; the biomass combustion system comprises a biomass drying unit and a biomass combustion furnace which are connected through a pipeline, the biomass drying unit is connected with a biomass feeding port and a wet cold air outlet, and the biomass combustion furnace is connected with an ash discharging port; the air-flue gas heat exchange system comprises an induced draft fan, the heat pipe condenser, the biomass combustion furnace, the preheater, the evaporator and the biomass drying unit, wherein the induced draft fan is connected with an air inlet, the preheater is connected with a smoke exhaust outlet, the heat pipe condenser can be divided into a heat pipe heating section, a heat pipe condensing section and a heat pipe, the heat pipe heating section is not communicated with a medium in a shell of the heat pipe condensing section, and the heat pipe penetrates through and is connected with the heat pipe heating section and the heat pipe condensing section; the outlet pipe section of the heat pipe condensation section is divided into a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, and the first branch pipe is connected with the biomass drying unit; the second branch pipe is connected with the biomass combustion furnace; the working medium circulating system sequentially passes through the preheater, the evaporator, the turbine generator set, the heat regenerator, the heat pipe condenser and the working medium pump, and is connected through a pipeline to form a closed loop; the working medium pump outlet pipeline is connected with the cold flow inlet of the heat regenerator, and the cold flow outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the cold flow inlet of the preheater; the turbine generator set is connected with the heat regenerator heat flow inlet in an exhaust mode, and the heat regenerator heat flow outlet is connected with the heat pipe heating section.
Preferably, a first regulating valve is arranged on the first branch pipe, and a second regulating valve is arranged on the second branch pipe.
Preferably, the heat pipe condenser may be in the form of an integrated gravity heat pipe or a separate loop heat pipe, and the corresponding forms of the heat pipes are the gravity heat pipe and the loop heat pipe, respectively.
Preferably, the turbine generator set is coaxially and directly connected with the induced draft fan.
Preferably, the drying object of the biomass drying unit is a humidified biomass fuel.
Preferably, the flue gas flow channel of the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system needs to be subjected to alkali metal corrosion prevention treatment.
After the biomass drying and humidifying device is adopted, normal temperature air and exhaust gas of a turbine generator set are recycled in a heat pipe condenser, one part of the hot air is used for drying humidified biomass fuel by a biomass drying and processing unit, and the other part of the hot air enters a biomass combustion furnace and is used as combustion-supporting air for combustion; the biomass combustion furnace discharges smoke to provide a heat source for the working medium circulating system, the smoke is converted into mechanical energy and electric energy, the heat pipe heat exchanger technology and the ORC power generation technology are combined, the multi-stage utilization of energy is realized, and the energy utilization rate of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an ORC system of a coupling integrated gravity heat pipe condenser for recovering waste heat of biomass flue gas.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an ORC system of a coupling separation type loop heat pipe condenser for recycling waste heat of biomass flue gas.
In fig. 1 and 2: 1. a biomass drying unit; 2. a biomass combustion furnace; 3. an induced draft fan; 4. a heat pipe condenser; 401. a heat pipe heating section; 402. a heat pipe; 403. a heat pipe condensation section; 5. a preheater; 6. an evaporator; 7. a turbine generator set; 8. a heat regenerator; 9. a working medium pump; 101. a first regulating valve; 102. a second regulating valve; 11. a biomass feed port; 12. an ash discharge port; 13. an air inlet; 14. a wet cold air outlet; 15. a smoke exhaust outlet; 161. a first branch pipe; 162. a second branch pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided by way of specific embodiments with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2.
Example 1: the invention discloses an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system for recycling waste heat of biomass flue gas coupled with a heat pipe condenser, which is combined with an attached drawing 1 and comprises a biomass combustion system, an air-flue gas heat exchange system and a working medium circulating system; the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system are respectively coupled and connected at a biomass drying unit (1) and a biomass combustion furnace (2), and the air-flue gas heat exchange system and the circulating working medium system are coupled and connected through an evaporator (6), a preheater (5) and a heat pipe condenser (4); the biomass combustion system comprises a biomass drying unit (1) and a biomass combustion furnace (2) which are connected through a pipeline, the biomass drying unit (1) is connected with a biomass feeding port (11) and a wet cold air outlet (14), and the biomass combustion furnace (2) is connected with an ash discharging port (12); the air-flue gas heat exchange system comprises an induced draft fan (3), the heat pipe condenser (4), the biomass combustion furnace (2), the preheater (5), the evaporator (6) and the biomass drying unit (1), the induced draft fan (3) is connected with an air inlet (13), the preheater (5) is connected with a smoke exhaust outlet (15), the heat pipe condenser (4) is an integrated gravity heat pipe condenser which can be divided into a heat pipe heating section (401), a heat pipe condensing section (403) and a heat pipe (402), the heat pipe heating section (401) is not communicated with a medium in a shell of the heat pipe condensing section (403), and the heat pipe (402) penetrates through the heat pipe heating section (401) and the heat pipe condensing section (403); the outlet pipe section of the heat pipe condensation section (403) is divided into a first branch pipe (161) and a second branch pipe (162), and the first branch pipe (161) is connected with the biomass drying unit (1); the second branch pipe (162) is connected with the biomass combustion furnace (2); the working medium circulating system sequentially passes through the preheater (5), the evaporator (6), the turbine generator set (7), the heat regenerator (8), the heat pipe condenser (4) and the working medium pump (9) and is connected through a pipeline to form a closed loop; an outlet pipeline of the working medium pump (9) is connected with a cold flow inlet of the heat regenerator (8), and a cold flow outlet of the heat regenerator (8) is connected with a cold flow inlet of the preheater (5); and the exhaust of the turbine generator set (7) is connected with a heat flow inlet of the heat regenerator (8), and a heat flow outlet of the heat regenerator (8) is connected with the heat pipe heating section (401).
Preferably, a first regulating valve (101) is arranged on the first branch pipe (161), and a second regulating valve (102) is arranged on the second branch pipe (162).
Preferably, the turbine generator set (7) and the induced draft fan (3) are coaxially and directly connected.
Preferably, the drying object of the biomass drying unit (1) is a humidified biomass fuel.
Preferably, the flue gas flow channel of the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system needs to be subjected to alkali metal corrosion prevention treatment.
In the embodiment, air with the external temperature of about 20 ℃ is introduced into an air-flue gas heat exchange system through an induced draft fan (3), the air is subjected to heat exchange with exhaust gas of a turbine generator set (7) through a heat pipe condensation section (403), the hot air is at about 40 ℃, a part of the hot air enters a biomass drying unit (1) to dry biomass fuel, the dried wet and cold air is discharged from a wet and cold air outlet (14), the dried biomass enters a biomass combustion furnace (2) to be combusted, and ash slag generated after the combustion is discharged out of the system through an ash discharge port (12); the other part of hot air is used as combustion-supporting gas for combustion of the biomass combustion furnace (2), heat generated by combustion of the biomass combustion furnace (2) is supplied to a heat user, the exhaust smoke of the biomass combustion furnace (2) enters the evaporator (6) through a pipeline at about 200 ℃ to exchange heat with the circulating working medium, the exhaust smoke enters the preheater (5) to exchange heat with the circulating working medium for the second time after the temperature of the exhaust smoke is reduced, and finally the exhaust smoke is discharged from an exhaust smoke outlet (15) of the preheater (5); in the working medium circulation system, a circulation working medium absorbs heat from a flue gas heat source through a preheater (5) and an evaporator (6) successively, the circulation working medium is changed into a gaseous working medium after evaporation, the gaseous working medium enters a turbine generator set (7), a generator and an induced draft fan (3) are driven to coaxially rotate, electric energy and mechanical energy are output, mechanical work of the induced draft fan (3) is used for internal consumption of the system, exhaust of the turbine generator set (7) exchanges heat in a heat regenerator (8) and a heat pipe heating section (401) successively, and then the exhaust is pressurized by a working medium pump (9), and the exhaust is sent back to the preheater (5) after heat exchange by.
Example 2: the embodiment of the invention is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the specific form of the heat pipe condenser (4) in the embodiment is a separated loop heat pipe condenser, the heat pipe heating section (401) and the heat pipe condensing section (403) of the heat pipe condenser (4) can be separated by a certain distance in space, the vertical height of the heat pipe condensing section (403) is slightly higher than that of the heat pipe heating section (401), the specific form of the heat pipe (402) is a loop heat pipe, and the bent pipe on the loop heat pipe pipeline is not less than 90 degrees.
The description of the embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the core idea of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The ORC system for recycling the biomass flue gas waste heat and coupling the heat pipe condenser is characterized by comprising a biomass combustion system, an air-flue gas heat exchange system and a working medium circulating system, wherein the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system are respectively coupled and connected at a biomass drying unit and a biomass combustion furnace, and the air-flue gas heat exchange system and the circulating working medium system are coupled and connected through an evaporator, a preheater and the heat pipe condenser; the biomass combustion system comprises a biomass drying unit and a biomass combustion furnace which are connected through a pipeline, the biomass drying unit is connected with a biomass feeding port and a wet cold air outlet, and the biomass combustion furnace is connected with an ash discharging port; the air-flue gas heat exchange system comprises an induced draft fan, the heat pipe condenser, the biomass combustion furnace, the preheater, the evaporator and the biomass drying unit, wherein the induced draft fan is connected with an air inlet, the preheater is connected with a smoke exhaust outlet, the heat pipe condenser can be divided into a heat pipe heating section, a heat pipe condensing section and a heat pipe, the heat pipe heating section is not communicated with a medium in a shell of the heat pipe condensing section, and the heat pipe penetrates through and is connected with the heat pipe heating section and the heat pipe condensing section; the outlet pipe section of the heat pipe condensation section is divided into a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, and the first branch pipe is connected with the biomass drying unit; the second branch pipe is connected with the biomass combustion furnace; the working medium circulating system sequentially passes through the preheater, the evaporator, the turbine generator set, the heat regenerator, the heat pipe condenser and the working medium pump, and is connected through a pipeline to form a closed loop; the working medium pump outlet pipeline is connected with the cold flow inlet of the heat regenerator, and the cold flow outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with the cold flow inlet of the preheater; the turbine generator set is connected with the heat regenerator heat flow inlet in an exhaust mode, and the heat regenerator heat flow outlet is connected with the heat pipe heating section.
2. The ORC system for recycling the waste heat of biomass flue gas coupled with the heat pipe condenser according to claim 1, wherein a first regulating valve is arranged on the first branch pipe, and a second regulating valve is arranged on the second branch pipe.
3. The ORC system for recycling the waste heat of the biomass flue gas coupled with the heat pipe condenser according to claim 1, wherein the heat pipe condenser is in the form of an integrated gravity heat pipe or a separate loop heat pipe, and the corresponding forms of the heat pipes are the gravity heat pipe and the loop heat pipe respectively.
4. The ORC system for recycling the biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser according to claim 1, wherein the turbine generator set is coaxially and directly connected with the induced draft fan.
5. The ORC system for recycling the waste heat of the biomass flue gas coupled with the heat pipe condenser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying object of the biomass drying unit is a humidified biomass fuel.
6. The ORC system for recycling the waste heat of the biomass flue gas coupled with the heat pipe condenser according to claim 1, wherein flue gas flow channels of the biomass combustion system and the air-flue gas heat exchange system need to be subjected to alkali metal corrosion prevention treatment.
CN202110009010.1A 2021-01-05 2021-01-05 ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser Pending CN112483208A (en)

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CN202110009010.1A CN112483208A (en) 2021-01-05 2021-01-05 ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110009010.1A CN112483208A (en) 2021-01-05 2021-01-05 ORC system for recycling biomass flue gas waste heat coupling heat pipe condenser

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CN112483208A true CN112483208A (en) 2021-03-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113418353A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-09-21 华东交通大学 Solar ORC-based medicinal material drying device and optimization decision method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113418353A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-09-21 华东交通大学 Solar ORC-based medicinal material drying device and optimization decision method
CN113418353B (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-12 华东交通大学 Solar ORC-based medicinal material drying device and optimization decision method

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