CN112483109B - Rock breaking method of cutter head based on oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet spatial and temporal arrangement - Google Patents
Rock breaking method of cutter head based on oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet spatial and temporal arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN112483109B CN112483109B CN202011213944.9A CN202011213944A CN112483109B CN 112483109 B CN112483109 B CN 112483109B CN 202011213944 A CN202011213944 A CN 202011213944A CN 112483109 B CN112483109 B CN 112483109B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 197
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
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- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock breaking method of a cutter head based on oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement. The method comprises the following steps: high-pressure water jet chamfer angle; step two: rolling and cutting the rock mass by a mechanical hob; step three: dividing the trapezoidal boss area by high-pressure water jet; step four: the scraper cuts and removes residual rock mass. The invention has the advantages of reducing the application proportion of mechanical energy, improving the crushing efficiency of rocks, effectively reducing the mechanical wear of the cutter and reducing the working temperature of a working surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnels and underground engineering, in particular to application of a high-pressure water jet rock breaking technology in the field of TBM tunnel construction, and more particularly relates to a rock breaking method of a cutter head based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement.
Background
The Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) has the excellent characteristics of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to a plurality of tunnel construction projects such as hydraulic tunnels, mine roadways, traffic tunnels, pipeline national defense and the like. However, the development of the TBM has been to date, from the conventional walking type, mechanical type, chest closing type and the existing intelligent control integrated TBM equipment, the rock breaking mode of the mechanical hob rolling and rock breaking does not change fundamentally, the original TBM mechanical cutter breaks rock, and rock ridges are removed by the mechanical hob rolling and scraper cutting modes.
The high-pressure water jet drilling technology is a mature technology researched in recent years, is applied to the field of rock breaking of a cutter head based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet spatial-temporal arrangement, is an important innovation for TBM (tunnel boring machine) technical development, and can realize great progress in the aspects of mechanical abrasion, working surface operation environment improvement and the like by combining high-pressure water jet with a mechanical hob rock breaking method. The supplementary broken rock mode of high pressure water jet that exists at present is mostly perpendicular efflux grooving, still has the space of improvement in the aspect of broken rock ability and back of a rock are got rid of. The arrangement mode on the TBM cutter head is not diversified, the arrangement mode of the high-pressure water jet nozzles on the cutter head is changed, and different influences can be generated on the removal effect of residual rock ridges after the hob rolls and breaks rocks.
Therefore, it is needed to develop a rock breaking method with rock breaking capability and rock ridge removing capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock breaking method of a cutterhead based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement, which is a mode of dividing a rock into a plurality of independent blocks through a high-pressure water jet inclined cutting groove and connecting a mechanical hob to efficiently fracture and break the rock; according to the method, the mechanical scraper of the mechanical hob and the high-pressure water jet are combined and arranged, so that the space division of the high-pressure water jet grooving on the rock mass is realized, the complete rock mass is divided into a plurality of independent blocks, the rapid breaking of the rock is facilitated, the breaking efficiency of the rock is improved, and the energy consumption for breaking the rock is reduced.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is: the rock breaking method of the cutter head based on the oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, grooving a rock mass material along a certain inclination angle by adopting high-pressure water jet ejected by a one-position high-pressure water nozzle in a cutter head based on oblique-angle high-pressure water jet spatial-temporal arrangement to form a first inclined water grooving, so that a local rock mass body forms an inverted trapezoidal boss structure divided by the inclined grooving;
step two: then, rolling the center of the inverted trapezoidal boss structure by adopting a mechanical hob to crack the rock mass of the inverted trapezoidal boss structure and two adjacent inverted trapezoidal boss structures to form a regular trapezoidal rock boss, wherein the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove is the bottom edge of the regular trapezoidal boss region; under the action of the mechanical hob, the inverted trapezoidal boss structure is stressed by the pressure of the mechanical hob, so that a plurality of secondary cracks and two main cracks which are generated below the hob and are derived and developed to the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove appear; at the moment, a rock ridge part to be cut off with greatly reduced strength after being rolled by the hob exists below the mechanical hob;
step three: thirdly, the regular trapezoid rock boss is divided again by the high-pressure water jet sprayed by the second-position high-pressure water nozzle;
step four: and finally, removing the residual rock mass crushed by rolling of the mechanical hob in the step two and the lug boss of the regular trapezoid rock after the cutting in the step three by using a mechanical scraper.
In the technical scheme, the inclination angle of the high-pressure water jet is adjusted according to the rock strength and the type of the cutter, and the optimal water jet cutting effect is achieved.
In the above technical solution, in the third step, the segmentation method specifically includes:
the high-pressure water jet obliquely jets into the rock ridge, the incident angle is 45 degrees, the incident point is the middle point of the oblique edge of the trapezoidal rock boss, a second oblique water cutting groove is formed, and the jet pressure and the cutting speed of the high-pressure water jet are controlled by a second-position high-pressure water nozzle until the depth of the second oblique water cutting groove reaches the bottom edge position of the trapezoidal rock boss; at this time, the regular trapezoid rock boss is divided into three rock areas, namely a first block body, a second block body and a third block body.
In the above technical solution, in step four, the cutting depth of the mechanical scraper is equal to the depth from the bottom edge line of the regular trapezoid rock boss to the rock surface.
In the technical scheme, the cutter head based on the oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement comprises a first-position high-pressure water nozzle, a mechanical hob, a second-position high-pressure water nozzle and a mechanical scraper;
a position high pressure water nozzle, mechanical hobbing cutter, No. two position high pressure water nozzles and mechanical scraper are according to the inclined grooving of the water jet that a position high pressure water nozzle jetted, and the mechanical hobbing cutter is rolled down trapezoidal rock mass, the high pressure water jet that No. two position high pressure water nozzles jetted cuts apart positive trapezoidal rock boss block and mechanical scraper cuts the broken rock mode installation of getting rid of the rock mass and is arranged, constitutes a workgroup.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of working groups are arranged on the cutter head based on the oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement.
In the technical scheme, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle are obliquely arranged and are oppositely arranged.
In the technical scheme, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle, the mechanical hob, the second-position high-pressure water nozzle and the mechanical scraper are arranged in a partition manner and are circumferentially arranged on a cutter disc based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet spatial and temporal arrangement;
in the advancing direction of the cutter head, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle is arranged in front of the mechanical hob, the mechanical hob is arranged in front of the first-position high-pressure water nozzle, and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle is arranged in front of the mechanical scraper.
In the technical scheme, the mechanical scrapers are respectively arranged between two adjacent rows of first-position high-pressure water nozzles and on the circumferences of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles;
the mechanical hob is arranged between two adjacent rows of first-position high-pressure water nozzles;
and the second-position high-pressure water nozzles are arranged on the circumference of the first-position high-pressure water nozzle in one row and are positioned between the two adjacent rows of mechanical hobs.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention relates to a mode of dividing rock into a plurality of independent blocks by obliquely cutting a groove through high-pressure water jet and efficiently fracturing and crushing the rock in combination with a mechanical hob; according to the method, the mechanical scraper of the mechanical hob and the high-pressure water jet are combined and arranged, so that the space division of the high-pressure water jet grooving on the rock mass is realized, the complete rock mass is divided into a plurality of independent blocks, the rapid breaking of the rock is facilitated, the breaking efficiency of the rock is improved, and the energy consumption for breaking the rock is reduced; the method can provide reference for the feasibility of applying the high-pressure water jet to large-scale engineering rock breaking machinery, thereby promoting the innovation and breakthrough in the rock tunneling field in China;
(2) compared with the rock mass fractured by vertical grooving, the fractured rock mass rolled by the inclined grooving primary hob is larger, and the energy consumed by unit rock fracturing is smaller;
(3) compared with the rock breaking efficiency of breaking rock mass per unit area by vertical grooving, the quantity of the mechanical hobs required by the inclined grooving is reduced, the application proportion of mechanical energy is reduced, the application proportion of high-pressure water jet is improved, the rock breaking efficiency can be improved by the conversion, and the rock breaking efficiency has important significance for effectively reducing the mechanical wear of the cutter and reducing the working temperature of a working face.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram I of rock breaking by vertically jetting rock mass with a high-pressure water nozzle to form vertical hydraulic grooving and rolling the hydraulic grooving with a mechanical hob in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of the prior art that a high-pressure water nozzle is adopted to vertically spray rock mass to form a vertical hydraulic grooving and a mechanical hob is adopted to roll the hydraulic grooving to break rock.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of rock breaking by combining water jet inclined grooves and mechanical hobbing cutters.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of rock breaking by means of water jet inclined grooving and mechanical hob combination according to the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a continuous rock breaking process using water jet inclined cutting grooves and mechanical hobbing cutters.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rock ridge formed after rock breaking by sequential actions of a high-pressure water nozzle and a mechanical hob, and the rock ridge is obliquely sprayed by the high-pressure water nozzle to form an oblique hydraulic cutting groove on the rock ridge so as to break the rock ridge.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the residual rock mass fracture of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head based on the spatiotemporal arrangement of high-pressure water jets at a chamfer angle in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a sequence of rock breaking of the chamfered high pressure water jet space-time arrangement in the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2, W represents a secondary crack; i represents a hydraulic grooving; m represents a compact nucleus.
In fig. 3 and 4, W represents a secondary crack; m represents a compact nucleus.
In fig. 5, W represents a secondary crack; m represents a compact nucleus; n denotes an inverted trapezoidal rock boss.
In fig. 6, K1 represents a first block formed by the injection of a two-position high-pressure water nozzle; k2 represents a second block formed by the injection of a second high-pressure water nozzle; k3 represents a third block formed by the injection of a two-position high-pressure water nozzle.
Fig. 6 and 7 are views showing a hydraulic grooving bottom reference line E.
C in fig. 7 represents a residual rock mass formed by jetting through a single-position high-pressure water jet nozzle.
In fig. 8, Q1 indicates the direction of rotation of the impeller based on the chamfered angle high pressure water jet spatial-temporal arrangement.
In fig. 1, the high-pressure water nozzles, the mechanical scrapers and the mechanical hob are respectively arranged in different phases on a cutter head based on the spatial and temporal arrangement of the high-pressure water jet at the angle of inclination.
FIG. 1 shows crack propagation; fig. 2 shows the extent of the block that is specifically intended to fall.
FIG. 3 shows crack propagation; fig. 4 shows the range of blocks that can be dropped in particular.
In the figure, 1-a first-position high-pressure water nozzle, 2-a mechanical hob, 3-a second-position high-pressure water nozzle, 4-a mechanical scraper, 5-a working group, 6-an inclined water cutting groove, 7-a main crack, 8-an orthotrapezoidal rock boss, 9-a cutter head arranged based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time and 10-a second inclined water cutting groove.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the rock breaking method based on the cutterhead arranged in time and space by the high-pressure water jet at the chamfer angle is shown in figure 9 and comprises the following steps,
the method comprises the following steps: high-pressure water jet chamfer angle; high-pressure water jet ejected by a one-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 in a cutter head 9 based on oblique-angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement is adopted to perform grooving on rock mass materials along a certain inclination angle to form a first inclined water grooving 6, so that local rock mass bodies form an inverted trapezoidal boss structure N (shown in figures 3, 4 and 5) divided by the inclined grooving;
step two: rolling and cutting the rock mass by a mechanical hob; rolling the center of the inverted trapezoidal boss structure N by using a mechanical hob 2, fracturing a rock body of the inverted trapezoidal boss structure and two adjacent inverted trapezoidal boss structures N to form a regular trapezoidal rock boss 8, wherein the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove 6 is the bottom edge of the area of the regular trapezoidal rock boss 8; under the action of the mechanical hob 2, the independent rock blocks (inverted trapezoid boss structures) divided by the high-pressure water cutting groove are stressed by the mechanical hob 2, a plurality of secondary cracks W and two main cracks 7 which are generated from the lower part of the hob and are derived and developed to the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove 6 appear, the main cracks 7 are through cracks, and large rock blocks between the first inclined water cutting groove 6 and the main cracks 7 can be cracked and peeled off; at the moment, a rock ridge part to be cut (namely the orthotrapezoidal rock boss 8) with greatly reduced strength after being rolled by the hob exists below the mechanical hob 2;
step three: dividing the trapezoidal boss area by high-pressure water jet; the right trapezoid rock boss 8 in the middle of two adjacent inverted trapezoid rock block areas divided by the high-pressure water jet is divided again by the high-pressure water jet sprayed by the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3;
step four: cutting residual rock mass by a scraper; and (3) removing residual rock mass left after the rolling crushing of the mechanical hob 2 in the step two and three divided regular trapezoid boss rock masses (shown in figures 5, 6 and 7) in smaller areas divided by the high-pressure water jet grooving in the step three by using a mechanical scraper 4, reducing the application proportion of mechanical energy, improving the application proportion of high-pressure water jet, improving the crushing efficiency of rocks and reducing the mechanical abrasion of a cutter.
Furthermore, the inclination angle of the high-pressure water jet is adjusted according to the rock strength and the type of the cutter, and the optimal water jet cutting effect is strived to be realized.
Further, in the third step, the segmentation method specifically includes:
the high-pressure water jet obliquely enters the rock ridge, the incident angle is 45 degrees, the incident point is the middle point of the oblique edge of the regular trapezoid rock boss 8, a second oblique water cutting groove 10 is formed, the spraying pressure and the cutting speed of the high-pressure water jet are controlled through the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3, and the depth of the second oblique water cutting groove 10 reaches the bottom edge position of the regular trapezoid rock boss 8; at this time, the remaining regular trapezoid rock boss 8 is divided into three smaller rock regions, namely a first block, a second block and a third block (as shown in fig. 7); the rock is divided into a plurality of independent blocks by a high-pressure water jet inclined cutting groove, and a mechanical hob are combined to efficiently fracture and break the rock; compared with the rock breaking efficiency of breaking rock mass per unit area by vertical grooving, the quantity of the mechanical hobs required by the inclined grooving is reduced, the application proportion of mechanical energy is reduced, the application proportion of high-pressure water jet is improved, the rock breaking efficiency can be improved by the conversion, and meanwhile, the mechanical abrasion of the cutter is effectively reduced, and the working temperature of a working face is reduced.
Further, in the fourth step, the cutting depth of the mechanical scraper 4 is equal to the depth from the bottom side line of the regular trapezoid rock boss 8 to the surface of the rock, so that the organic combination of the grooving depth and the mechanical rock breaking depth is finally realized, the rapid removal of the broken rock is facilitated, and the working efficiency is improved.
The inclination angle of the inclined high-pressure water jet is adjusted according to the rock strength and the type of the cutter, and the optimal water jet cutting effect is achieved.
Further, the cutter head based on the oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement comprises a first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1, a mechanical hob 2, a second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 and a mechanical scraper 4;
the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1, the mechanical hob 2, the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 and the mechanical scraper 4 are obliquely grooved according to water jet ejected by the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1, the mechanical hob 2 rolls an inverted trapezoidal rock mass, the high-pressure water jet ejected by the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 cuts a block body of a boss 8 of the right trapezoidal rock, and the mechanical scraper 4 cuts and removes the rock mass to form a working group 5 (shown in figure 8); under the grooving condition, the rock breaking force of the mechanical hob is greatly reduced, the volume of a rock breaking block body with unit energy is larger, the energy efficiency is reduced, the application proportion of mechanical energy is reduced by adopting the inclined grooving, and the application proportion of high-pressure water jet is improved; compared with the rock mass fractured by vertical grooving, the fractured rock mass rolled by the inclined grooving primary hob of the invention is larger, and the energy consumed by unit rock fracturing is smaller.
Further, the cutter head 9 based on the oblique-cutting-angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement for combined rock breaking is provided with a plurality of working groups 5 (shown in fig. 8) arranged along the circumferential direction in different cutter head radial directions; the application proportion of mechanical energy is reduced, the application proportion of high-pressure water jet is improved, the crushing efficiency of rocks is improved, and meanwhile, the mechanical abrasion of a cutter is effectively reduced, and the working temperature of a working face is reduced.
Further, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 are obliquely arranged, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 are oppositely arranged 9 (as shown in fig. 8 and 9), and the application proportion of the mechanical energy is reduced and the application proportion of the high-pressure water jet is improved by adopting the oblique cutting groove.
Furthermore, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1, the mechanical hob 2, the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 and the mechanical scraper 4 are arranged in a partition manner and are circumferentially arranged on a cutter head 9 based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet spatial and temporal arrangement;
in the advancing direction of the cutter head, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 is arranged in front of the mechanical hob 2, the mechanical hob 2 is arranged in front of the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3, and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 is arranged in front of the mechanical scraper 4 (as shown in fig. 8 and 9); according to the invention, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 is adopted to spray obliquely on the cutter head to form the first inclined water cutting groove 6, the mechanical hob 2 rolls the first inclined water cutting groove 6 to break rock to form the trapezoidal rock boss 8, the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 sprays obliquely to form the second inclined water cutting groove 10 and divide the trapezoidal rock boss 8, and the mechanical scraper is formed by removing 4 residual rock masses, so that the space division of the high-pressure water cutting groove on the rock mass is realized, the complete rock mass is divided into a plurality of independent blocks, the rapid breaking of the rock is facilitated, the breaking efficiency of the rock is improved, and the energy consumption of breaking the rock is reduced.
Further, the mechanical scrapers 4 are respectively arranged between two adjacent rows of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles 1 and on the circumference of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles 1;
the mechanical hob 2 is arranged between two adjacent rows of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles 1;
the second-position high-pressure water nozzles 3 are arranged on the circumference of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles 1 in one row and between two adjacent rows of mechanical hobs 2 (as shown in fig. 8 and 9); the rock is divided into a plurality of independent blocks by a high-pressure water jet inclined cutting groove, and a mechanical hob are combined to efficiently fracture and break the rock; compared with the rock breaking efficiency of breaking rock mass per unit area by vertical grooving, the quantity of the mechanical hobs required by the inclined grooving is reduced, the application proportion of mechanical energy is reduced, the application proportion of high-pressure water jet is improved, the rock breaking efficiency can be improved by the conversion, and meanwhile, the mechanical abrasion of the cutter is effectively reduced, and the working temperature of a working face is reduced.
The high-pressure water nozzles in the first-position high-pressure water nozzle 1 and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle 3 are both in the prior art. The mechanical hob 2 and the mechanical scraper 4 are prior art.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the rock breaking method based on the cutterhead arranged in space and time by high-pressure water jet at the oblique cutting angle in comparison with the prior art, the two technical schemes are compared by workers, and the comparison results are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, compared with the prior art, the rock breaking method of the cutterhead based on the oblique-cutting-angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement has the advantages of high rock breaking efficiency, low rock breaking energy consumption and small number of mechanical hobs required for rock breaking.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. A rock breaking method of a cutter head based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, grooving a rock mass material along a certain inclination angle by adopting high-pressure water jet ejected by a one-position high-pressure water nozzle (1) in a cutter head (9) based on oblique-angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement to form a first inclined water grooving (6), so that a local rock mass body forms an inverted trapezoidal boss structure divided by inclined grooving;
step two: then, rolling the center of the inverted trapezoidal boss structure by using a mechanical hob (2), fracturing a rock body with the inverted trapezoidal boss structure and two adjacent inverted trapezoidal boss structures to form a regular trapezoidal rock boss (8), wherein the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove (6) is the bottom edge of the regular trapezoidal boss region; under the action of the mechanical hob (2), the inverted trapezoidal boss structure is pressed by the mechanical hob (2), so that a plurality of secondary cracks and two main cracks (7) which are generated below the hob and are derived and developed to the bottom of the first inclined water cutting groove (6) appear; at the moment, a rock ridge part to be cut off with greatly reduced strength after being rolled by the hob exists below the mechanical hob (2);
step three: thirdly, the regular trapezoid rock boss (8) is divided again by the high-pressure water jet sprayed by the second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3);
step four: and finally, removing the residual rock mass crushed by rolling by the mechanical hob (2) in the step two and the regular trapezoid rock boss (8) segmented in the step three by using a mechanical scraper (4).
2. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the high-pressure water jet is adjusted according to the rock strength and the type of the tool.
3. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the third step, the segmentation method specifically comprises the following steps:
the high-pressure water jet is obliquely injected into the rock ridge, the incident angle is 45 degrees, the incident point is the middle point of the oblique edge of the trapezoidal rock boss (8), a second oblique water cutting groove (10) is formed, and the injection pressure and the cutting speed of the high-pressure water jet are controlled through the second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3) until the depth of the second oblique water cutting groove (10) reaches the bottom edge position of the trapezoidal rock boss (8); at the moment, the regular trapezoid rock boss (8) is divided into three rock areas, namely a first block body, a second block body and a third block body.
4. A method of breaking rock with a cutter head based on a chamfered-angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the cutting depth of the mechanical scraper (4) is equal to the depth from the bottom side line of the regular trapezoid rock boss (8) to the rock surface.
5. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the cutter head (9) based on the oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement comprises a first-position high-pressure water nozzle (1), a mechanical hob (2), a second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3) and a mechanical scraper (4);
a position high pressure water nozzle (1), mechanical hobbing cutter (2), No. two position high pressure water nozzles (3) and mechanical scraper (4) are according to the water jet slope grooving that a position high pressure water nozzle (1) jetted, and positive trapezoidal rock boss (8) block and the broken rock mode installation of mechanical scraper (4) cutting removal rock mass are cut apart to the high pressure water jet that mechanical hobbing cutter (2) roll extrusion was fallen trapezoidal rock, No. two position high pressure water nozzles (3) jetted and are arranged, constitute a work group (5).
6. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a plurality of working groups (5) are arranged on the cutter head (9) based on the oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement.
7. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 6, wherein: a position high pressure water nozzle (1) and No. two position high pressure water nozzle (3) all are the slope setting, just a position high pressure water nozzle (1) is the subtend setting with No. two position high pressure water nozzle (3).
8. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the first-position high-pressure water nozzle (1), the mechanical hob (2), the second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3) and the mechanical scraper (4) are arranged in a partition manner and are circumferentially arranged on a cutter head (9) based on oblique angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement;
in the advancing direction of the cutter head, the first-position high-pressure water nozzle (1) is arranged in front of the mechanical hob (2), the mechanical hob (2) is arranged in front of the second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3), and the second-position high-pressure water nozzle (3) is arranged in front of the mechanical scraper (4).
9. The method for breaking rock of a cutterhead based on a chamfered angle high-pressure water jet space-time arrangement as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the mechanical scrapers (4) are respectively arranged between two adjacent rows of first-position high-pressure water nozzles (1) and on the circumference of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles (1); the mechanical hob (2) is arranged between two adjacent rows of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles (1); and the second-position high-pressure water nozzles (3) are arranged on the circumference of the first-position high-pressure water nozzles (1) in one row and are positioned between the two adjacent rows of mechanical hobs (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011213944.9A CN112483109B (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2020-11-04 | Rock breaking method of cutter head based on oblique cutting angle high-pressure water jet spatial and temporal arrangement |
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| CN103244119A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Distribution method and distribution structure of high-pressure water jet in heading machine cutterhead |
| CN110259474A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Thread hob hydraulic-mechanical TBM cutterhead combined-breaking rock method and its digging device |
| CN110821510A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-21 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-pressure water jet edge cutter and combined rock breaking and trapped-freeing TBM cutter head and method thereof |
| CN210509181U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-05-12 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | TBM cutter head for high-pressure water assisted rock breaking |
| CN211174123U (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-08-04 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel hard rock heading machine and heading machine cutter head thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103244119A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Distribution method and distribution structure of high-pressure water jet in heading machine cutterhead |
| CN110259474A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Thread hob hydraulic-mechanical TBM cutterhead combined-breaking rock method and its digging device |
| CN210509181U (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-05-12 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | TBM cutter head for high-pressure water assisted rock breaking |
| CN110821510A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-21 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-pressure water jet edge cutter and combined rock breaking and trapped-freeing TBM cutter head and method thereof |
| CN211174123U (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-08-04 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel hard rock heading machine and heading machine cutter head thereof |
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