CN112482812A - Unloading device and method for existing concrete compression member - Google Patents
Unloading device and method for existing concrete compression member Download PDFInfo
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- CN112482812A CN112482812A CN202011407505.1A CN202011407505A CN112482812A CN 112482812 A CN112482812 A CN 112482812A CN 202011407505 A CN202011407505 A CN 202011407505A CN 112482812 A CN112482812 A CN 112482812A
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- wedge
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
Abstract
The invention discloses an unloading device and method for an existing concrete compression member, the device comprises a compression member which is cut into three blocks and used for supporting existing concrete and a locking part, the compression member is cut to form a movable block, a wedge block and a fixed block which are tightly stacked from top to bottom, the contact surface of the wedge block and the movable block and/or the fixed block is an inclined surface, and the locking part is used for applying locking force to the compression member before unloading to prevent the wedge block from moving from a small end to a large end and releasing the locking force to enable the wedge block to move from the small end to the large end. The invention cuts a wedge body with a proper angle on the existing concrete compression member, and the locking part is configured, so that the locking force can be applied to the compression member before unloading to prevent the wedge block from moving, and when unloading, the slow movement of the wedge body can be realized only by releasing the locking force, thereby realizing the unloading of the existing concrete compression member.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering maintenance and reconstruction and structural tests, and particularly relates to an unloading device and method for an existing concrete compression member.
Background
In the reconstruction, maintenance or demolition construction of the existing concrete structure, the concrete column needs to be shortened according to the design or the field requirement; in the unloading process of a large heavy-load structure test platform, the test step of unloading on a compression supporting member such as a concrete pier (column) is often carried out.
For existing concrete compression elements, such as to be cut, unloaded or dismantled, the following two modes are commonly used:
1. substitution method: the temporary supporting and converting member is added around the existing compression member, then a jack is used for applying force along the axial force direction of the member so as to replace the internal force of the existing compression member, then the concrete member is cut off, and then the jack is controlled to unload. The method has stronger universality, but has the following defects: the original structure is required to be modified often, even a temporary supporting member is additionally arranged, the performance requirement of a conversion member is high, the tonnage requirement of a jack is high, the operation cost is high, and the operation is complex;
2. a blasting demolition method: the method for realizing unloading by adopting a local blasting mode to destroy concrete has the following defects: the unloading process has short time, strong power effect, poor controllability, high risk, high professional requirement and high operation cost, and the components cannot be shortened in a controlled manner.
For existing structures similar to the two cases, if no preset unloading structure or component exists, the safety and controllability of the cutting or unloading process are obviously challenging; the unloading is realized in a safer, more economical and more reasonable mode, and the unloading method has very strong practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an unloading device and method for an existing concrete compression member, which utilizes the inclined plane friction stress principle of a wedge body, cuts the wedge body with a proper angle on the existing concrete compression member, is provided with a locking part, can apply locking force on the compression member before unloading to prevent the wedge block from moving, and can realize the slow movement of the wedge body only by releasing the locking force during unloading, thereby realizing the unloading of the existing concrete compression member.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a concrete compression member unloading device, which comprises a movable block, a wedge block, a fixed block and a locking part, wherein the movable block, the wedge block, the fixed block and the locking part are tightly stacked from top to bottom, the contact surface of the wedge block with the movable block and/or the fixed block is an inclined surface, the locking part is arranged on the movable block and the fixed block, the wedge block is prevented from moving from the small end to the large end by applying locking force to the wedge block, the wedge block which cannot move is restrained by the locking force is connected with the movable block and the fixed block into a whole to serve as a compression member of concrete, and when the compression member needs to be unloaded, the locking part releases the locking force to enable the wedge block to move from the small end to the large end.
In a second aspect, the invention provides an unloading device for an existing concrete compression member, which comprises a compression member which is cut into three blocks and used for supporting existing concrete, and a locking part, wherein the compression member is cut to form a movable block, a wedge block and a fixed block which are tightly stacked from top to bottom, the contact surface of the wedge block with the movable block and/or the fixed block is an inclined surface, and the locking part is used for preventing the wedge block from moving from a small end to a large end of the wedge block by applying locking force to the compression member before unloading and enabling the wedge block to move from the small end to the large end of the wedge block by releasing the locking force when unloading.
According to the technical scheme, locking portion installs on the compression member before being cut, locking portion includes counter-force roof beam, pull rod, jack, fixed locking mechanism and activity locking mechanism, the pull rod runs through the wedge sets up, fixed locking mechanism installs and serves at the pull rod one that stretches out the wedge main aspects, activity locking mechanism installs and serves at the pull rod one that stretches out the wedge tip, the counter-force roof beam is installed on the pull rod, and is located between activity locking mechanism and the compression member, the upper end of counter-force roof beam with the movable block contact, its lower extreme with the fixed block contact, the jack is used for applying the pull rod that is located between fixed locking mechanism and the activity locking mechanism the locking force.
According to the technical scheme, a movable cushion block is arranged between the upper end of the counter-force beam and the movable block, and a fixed cushion block is arranged between the lower end of the counter-force beam and the fixed block.
According to the technical scheme, a first sliding plate is arranged between the movable cushion block and the reaction beam, and one surface of the first sliding plate, which is in contact with the reaction beam, is a smooth surface.
According to the technical scheme, a second sliding plate is arranged between the jack and the reaction beam, and one surface of the second sliding plate, which is in contact with the reaction beam, is a smooth surface.
According to the technical scheme, the fixed locking mechanism comprises a fixed locking nut, and the movable locking mechanism comprises a movable locking nut.
According to the technical scheme, the compression member is cut into three pieces by a wire saw cutting process.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an unloading method for an existing concrete pressure member, the unloading method being performed by using the above-mentioned unloading apparatus for an existing concrete pressure member, the unloading method comprising the steps of:
s1, determining a relational expression between the cutting angle of the wedge body and the locking force of the locking part according to the pressure of the existing compression member for supporting concrete and the friction coefficient of the inclined surface of the wedge block;
s2, before cutting the pressed component, installing a locking part on the pressed component, wherein the locking part applies locking force to the pressed component, and the locking force can prevent the wedge block to be cut from moving from the small end to the large end of the wedge block;
s3, cutting the compression member into three pieces to form a movable block, a wedge-shaped block and a fixed block which are stacked from top to bottom;
s4, releasing the locking force of the locking part, enabling the wedge-shaped block to slide from the small end to the large end, enabling the movable block to fall down, and completing unloading.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a concrete compression member unloading device, which divides a compression member into three parts, and when the compression member needs to be used as a compression member for supporting, the locking part applies locking force to connect a movable block, a wedge-shaped block and a fixed block into a whole, so that the wedge-shaped block cannot move and can be used as a common compression member; when unloading is needed, the locking part releases locking force, so that the wedge block moves, the movable block located above the wedge block falls along with the wedge block, and unloading can be completed.
The invention provides an unloading device for an existing concrete compression member, which cuts the existing compression member to form a wedge-shaped block in the middle of the compression member, and a locking part is arranged on the compression member before cutting, and the locking part can prevent the wedge-shaped block from moving by applying locking force to the compression member, so that the normal compression state of the compression member is ensured; when the pressed component needs to be unloaded, the locking force of the locking part is released, the wedge-shaped block loses constraint and moves from the small end to the large end, and the movement of the wedge-shaped block drives the upper movable block to fall down, so that the unloading can be completed.
Before unloading, a locking part is arranged on the compression member, locking force is applied to the compression member, then the compression member is cut into three pieces, a wedge-shaped block is formed in the middle of the compression member, the wedge-shaped block cannot move under the constraint of the locking force, and when unloading is required, the locking force is released, the wedge-shaped block moves, and the movable block falls down, so that the unloading is finished.
The invention utilizes the inclined plane friction stress principle of the wedge block, forms a wedge block with a proper angle in the middle of the compression member, is provided with the locking part, slowly releases the locking force through the locking part, realizes the slow movement of the wedge body, and further realizes the unloading of the compression member.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an unloading device for an existing concrete compression member according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the unloading device for the existing concrete compression member, which is provided by the invention, after unloading.
In the figure: 1-fixing block; 2-a movable block; 3-a wedge-shaped block; 4-inclined plane; 5-a counter-force beam; 6-fixing the cushion block; 7-movable cushion blocks; 8-a pull rod; 9-a movable locking mechanism; 9.1-movable locknut; 9.2-movable locking backing plate; 10-a first sliding plate; 11-a jack; 12-securing a locking mechanism; 12.1-fixing the lock nut; 12.2-fixing the locking backing plate; 13-second sliding plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The structure of the unloading device for the existing concrete pressed member can refer to an embodiment of the unloading device for the existing concrete pressed member shown in figures 1-3, and the unloading device comprises a movable block 2, a wedge block 3, a fixed block 1 and a locking part (the locking part comprises a counter-force beam 5, a pull rod 8, a jack 11, a fixed locking mechanism 12 and a movable locking mechanism 9 in the embodiment, the structure of the unloading device for the existing concrete pressed member can adopt the structure of the locking part shown in figure 1), the contact surface of the wedge block 3 and the movable block 2 and/or the fixed block 1 is an inclined surface 4, the locking part is arranged on the movable block 2 and the fixed block 1, the wedge block 3 is prevented from moving from a small end to a large end by applying locking force to the wedge block 3, the wedge block 3 which cannot move is restrained by the locking force and is connected with the movable block 2 and the fixed block 1 into a whole to form the concrete pressed member, when the compression member needs to be unloaded, the locking portion releases its locking force so that the wedge 3 moves from the small end to the large end thereof. Because the wedge block tends to move from the small end to the large end of the wedge block under an unconstrained condition, the locking part has the function of preventing the wedge block from moving when the wedge block does not need to move and moving the wedge block when the wedge block needs to move, and the specific structure of the locking part can meet the requirement.
An unloading device for an existing concrete compression member is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises a compression member which is cut into three blocks and is used for supporting existing concrete and a locking part, the compression member is cut to form a movable block 2, a wedge block 3 and a fixed block 1 which are tightly stacked from top to bottom, the contact surface of the wedge block 3 with the movable block 2 and/or the fixed block 1 is an inclined surface 4 (namely the wedge block can have two inclined surfaces or only one inclined surface plus one horizontal surface), the locking part is used for preventing the wedge block 3 from moving from a small end to a large end by applying locking force to the compression member before unloading, and the wedge block 3 is used for moving from the small end to the large end by releasing the locking force when unloading.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the locking part is installed on a pressed member before being cut, the locking part includes a reaction beam 5, a pull rod 8, a jack 11, a fixed locking mechanism 12 and a movable locking mechanism 9, the pull rod 8 is disposed through the wedge-shaped block 3, the fixed locking mechanism 12 is installed on one end of the pull rod 8 extending out of the large end of the wedge-shaped block 3, the movable locking mechanism 9 is installed on one end of the pull rod 8 extending out of the small end of the wedge-shaped block 3, the reaction beam 5 is installed on the pull rod 8 and is located between the movable locking mechanism 9 and the pressed member, the upper end of the reaction beam 5 is in contact with the movable block 2, the lower end of the reaction beam is in contact with the fixed block 1, and the jack 11 is used for applying a locking force to the pull rod 8 located between the fixed. As shown in fig. 2, in a specific application, the reaction beams may be used in pairs, a space through which the tie bar passes is left between the two beams of the pair of reaction beams, and 2 or more locking portions may be selectively used according to the size of the compression member.
Before the pressure member is unloaded, a locking part is installed on the pressure member, the angle and the locking force of the inclined surface of the wedge block to be cut are determined according to the stress condition of the pressure member and the friction coefficient of the inclined surface of the wedge block to be cut, the position of the wedge block is marked on the pressure member, a through hole is drilled in the wedge block, a pull rod is placed in the through hole, one end, located at the large end of the wedge block, of the pull rod is locked through a fixed locking mechanism, a counter-force beam is installed at one end, located at one end of the wedge block, of the pull rod, the upper end and the lower end of the counter-force beam are respectively in contact with the movable block and the fixed block, a jack is installed, preset locking force is applied to the pull rod through the jack, the one end, located at the large end of the wedge block, of the pull rod. When unloading is needed, as shown in fig. 3, the pressed component is cut as required, the movable locking mechanism is loosened slowly, the locking force of the pull rod is released slowly, the wedge-shaped block moves from the small end to the large end, and the movable block falls down along the counter-force beam, so that unloading is completed.
As an example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a movable spacer 7 is provided between the upper end of the reaction force beam 5 and the movable block 2, and a fixed spacer 6 is provided between the lower end of the reaction force beam 5 and the fixed block 1. All set up the cushion between counter-force roof beam and movable block and the fixed block for the both ends of counter-force roof beam support outside the scope of concrete compression member wedge, firstly can be so that the counter-force not exert on the wedge, use less locking force can realize locking, secondly can be so that the movable block can fall down smoothly along the counter-force roof beam.
As an example, as shown in fig. 1, a first sliding plate 10 is provided between the movable pad 7 and the reaction force beam 5, and the surface of the first sliding plate 10 that contacts the reaction force beam 5 is a smooth surface. And the surface of the first sliding plate is smooth, so that the movable block and the counter-force beam can smoothly move relatively in the unloading process. When the movable cushion block is used, the movable cushion block can be arranged on the movable block, the first sliding plate is arranged at the outer end of the movable cushion block, and the first sliding plate is connected with the counter-force beam in a sliding mode. The first sliding plate can be selected from a common friction reducing member such as a poly XXX plate (e.g., poly tetrachloroethylene), or a smooth stainless steel plate plus a lubricant. As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a second sliding plate 13 is disposed between the jack 11 and the reaction beam 5, and a surface of the second sliding plate 13 contacting the reaction beam 5 is a smooth surface, so as to ensure that the two can move relatively during unloading. The second slide plate can be made of a common friction reducing material such as a poly XXX plate (e.g., poly tetrachloroethylene), or a smooth stainless steel plate plus a lubricant.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the fixed locking mechanism 12 includes a fixed locking nut 12.1, and further includes a fixed locking washer 12.2, and the movable locking mechanism 9 includes a movable locking nut 9.1, and further includes a movable locking washer 9.2. The fixed locking nut anchors one end of the pull rod at the large end of the wedge-shaped block on the wedge-shaped block to serve as an anchoring end, and the movable locking nut installs one end of the pull rod at the small end of the wedge-shaped block on the counter-force beam to serve as a movable end. The nut is adopted for locking, so that the common mode is realized, the materials are easily obtained, and the manufacture is simple.
As an embodiment, the compression member is cut into three pieces by a wire saw cutting process, the wire saw cutting process can better cut concrete, and the cutting surface is relatively flat.
An unloading method for an existing concrete compression member, which is carried out by adopting the unloading device for the existing concrete compression member, comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a relation between the cutting angle of the wedge body and the locking force of the locking part according to the pressure of the existing compression member for supporting concrete and the friction coefficient of the inclined surface 4 of the wedge block 3;
s2, as shown in fig. 1, before cutting the pressed member, installing a locking part on the pressed member, the locking part applying a locking force to the pressed member, the locking force being capable of preventing the wedge 3 to be cut from moving from the small end to the large end thereof;
s3, as shown in figure 1, cutting the pressed member into three pieces, specifically, cutting a wedge block with a proper angle on the existing concrete pressed member by a wire saw to form a movable block 2, a wedge block 3 and a fixed block 1 which are stacked from top to bottom, after the cutting, the wedge body tends to move towards the direction of the big end, but the wedge block cannot move under the restriction of the locking force of the locking part,
s4, as shown in figure 3, the locking force of the locking part is released, the wedge-shaped block 3 slides from the small end to the large end, the movable block 2 falls down to finish unloading, and in the unloading process, the transverse displacement of the wedge-shaped block can be controlled by controlling the rotation length of the movable locking nut, so that slow and stable unloading is realized.
The cutting angle of the wedge block is determined by the combined balance of the following factors: the friction coefficient of the friction surface of the wedge-shaped body is large and small; unloading the displacement stroke; the bearing capacity of the unloading device is large. The cutting angle is larger than the static friction angle of the friction surface of the wedge body, and the wedge body can move automatically under the condition of no external force locking. The wedge body can move automatically under the condition of not applying external force, the unloading device provides external force to lock the wedge block to maintain static or generate controllable displacement, the jack 11 is adopted to provide controllable locking force, and the unloading can be realized by releasing the length of the movable end of the pull rod.
The wedge miter cut angle as shown in fig. 1 is calculated as follows: determining the cutting angle of the wedge-shaped body and the bearing capacity of the unloading device according to the pressure borne by the pressed component and the friction coefficient of the concrete cutting surface, and obtaining a relation formula among all physical quantities according to the static balance principle as follows
Note: p is the pressure applied to the compression member;
f-maximum locking force provided by the unloader;
theta is the included angle between the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped body and the cross section of the component;
delta-wedge slope coefficient of friction.
The pull rod material can adopt but not only be limited to the finish-rolling deformed steel bar, and the pull rod is the anchor end at the fast main aspects of wedge, through supporting nut, backing plate anchor on wedge body main aspects concrete surface, and the pull rod is the expansion end at the tip of wedge body, fixes on counter-force roof beam through supporting nut, backing plate anchor.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a concrete compression member uninstallation device, its characterized in that includes from last to closely stacking movable block (2), wedge (3) and fixed block (1) and locking portion down, wedge (3) are inclined plane (4) with the contact surface of movable block (2) and/or fixed block (1), locking portion installs on movable block (2) and fixed block (1) to through applying locking force to wedge (3) prevent wedge (3) are removed to the main aspects from its tip, receive wedge (3) that locking force restraint can not remove are even as the compression member of concrete as an organic whole with movable block (2) and fixed block (1), work as when the compression member needs the uninstallation, locking portion releases its locking force and makes wedge (3) remove to the main aspects from its tip.
2. The utility model provides an uninstallation device for existing concrete compression member, its characterized in that, includes the compression member and the locking portion of being cut into three existing support concrete, form from last to closely stacking movable block (2), wedge (3) and fixed block (1) down after the compression member is cut, wedge (3) are inclined plane (4) with the contact surface of movable block (2) and/or fixed block (1), the locking portion is used for stopping through exerting the locking force to the compression member before the uninstallation wedge (3) move from its tip to the main aspects, and is used for making through releasing the locking force when the uninstallation wedge (3) move from its tip to the main aspects.
3. Unloading device for existing concrete pressed components according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking part is mounted on the pressed component before it is cut, the locking part comprises a reaction beam (5), a pull rod (8), a jack (11), a fixed locking mechanism (12) and a movable locking mechanism (9), the pull rod (8) is arranged through the wedge block (3), the fixed locking mechanism (12) is mounted on the end of the pull rod (8) extending out of the big end of the wedge block (3), the movable locking mechanism (9) is mounted on the end of the pull rod (8) extending out of the small end of the wedge block (3), the reaction beam (5) is mounted on the pull rod (8) and is located between the movable locking mechanism (9) and the pressed component, the upper end of the reaction beam (5) is in contact with the movable block (2), and the lower end thereof is in contact with the fixed block (1), the jack (11) is used for applying the locking force to the pull rod (8) between the fixed locking mechanism (12) and the movable locking mechanism (9).
4. Unloading device for existing concrete pressure elements according to claim 3, characterised in that a movable spacer (7) is arranged between the upper end of the counter-force beam (5) and the movable block (2), and a fixed spacer (6) is arranged between the lower end of the counter-force beam (5) and the fixed block (1).
5. Unloading device for existing concrete pressure elements according to claim 4, characterized in that a first sliding plate (10) is arranged between the movable pad (7) and the counter-force beam (5), and the surface of the first sliding plate (10) that is in contact with the counter-force beam (5) is a smooth surface.
6. Unloading device for existing concrete compression elements according to claim 3, characterised in that a second sliding plate (13) is arranged between the jack (11) and the counter-force beam (5), the surface of the second sliding plate (13) that is in contact with the counter-force beam (5) being a smooth surface.
7. Unloading device for existing concrete pressure elements according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixed locking means (12) comprise a fixed locking nut (12.1) and the movable locking means (9) comprise a movable locking nut (9.1).
8. Unloading device for existing concrete pressure elements according to claim 2, characterised in that the pressure element is cut into three pieces by a wire saw cutting process.
9. An unloading method for an existing concrete compression member, characterized in that the unloading is performed using the unloading apparatus for an existing concrete compression member according to any one of claims 2 to 8, the unloading method comprising the steps of:
s1, determining a relation between the cutting angle of the wedge body and the locking force of the locking part according to the pressure of the existing compression member for supporting concrete and the friction coefficient of the inclined surface (4) of the wedge block (3);
s2, before cutting the pressed component, a locking part is arranged on the pressed component, the locking part applies locking force to the pressed component, and the locking force can prevent the wedge block (3) to be cut from moving from the small end to the large end;
s3, cutting the compression member into three pieces to form a movable block (2), a wedge-shaped block (3) and a fixed block (1) which are stacked from top to bottom;
s4, releasing the locking force of the locking part, enabling the wedge-shaped block (3) to slide from the small end to the large end, enabling the movable block (2) to fall down, and completing unloading.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114065569A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for determining ultimate bending bearing capacity of basalt bar waste steel fiber concrete beam |
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| CN107268450A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆交通大学 | The drag reduction for building combined bridge for pushing tow is oriented to discharge mechanism and pushing method |
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| CN114065569A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for determining ultimate bending bearing capacity of basalt bar waste steel fiber concrete beam |
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