CN112481720B - Preparation method and application of PE cool fiber - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of PE cool fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112481720B
CN112481720B CN202011464199.5A CN202011464199A CN112481720B CN 112481720 B CN112481720 B CN 112481720B CN 202011464199 A CN202011464199 A CN 202011464199A CN 112481720 B CN112481720 B CN 112481720B
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melt
skin
melting
melting temperature
core
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CN112481720A (en
Inventor
刘龙敏
刘茜
蔡禄生
郑铮
刘志麟
田艳艳
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Xiamen Xianglu Chemical Fiber Co ltd
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Xiamen Xianglu Chemical Fiber Co ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/096Humidity control, or oiling, of filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/022Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of PE cool fiber, comprising the following steps: (1) sending the high-density polyethylene slices into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 180-210 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt; (2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a core material melt; (3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 30-60: 40-70 so as to spray a composite melt; (4) and cooling, oiling and winding the composite melt in sequence to obtain the PE cool fiber. The invention ensures the good spinnability, the good strength and the softness of the product, obtains the cool hand feeling, and can be used for double-sided weaving with hydrophilic fiber to prepare the unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric with the functions of moisture absorption and sweat releasing and cool feeling.

Description

Preparation method and application of PE cool fiber
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical fiber processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of PE cool fiber.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life, people have higher and higher requirements on clothes, and pursue comfort while pursuing beauty. Especially in summer, a human body is easy to sweat, and the fabric is easy to stick to the human body, so that people feel wet and greasy, and therefore the textile fabric with the characteristics of moisture absorption and sweat releasing is highly advocated. At present, the fabric with the best moisture absorption and sweat releasing effects belongs to a one-way moisture-conducting fabric, and the principle of the fabric is realized through different moisture absorption of the inner layer and the outer layer of the fabric, namely the inner layer of the fabric is hydrophobic, the outer layer of the fabric is hydrophilic, sweat is adsorbed to the outer surface layer of the fabric to volatilize rapidly under the action of a differential capillary effect, and external water molecules cannot permeate into the inner layer of the fabric, so that the control effect of one-way moisture conduction is achieved, and the wearing comfort of the garment can be improved. Polypropylene is often used as a hydrophobic layer of a unidirectional moisture wicking fabric due to its excellent hydrophobic properties. Polyethylene fiber (PE) has good hydrophobicity as well, and also has higher heat-conducting property compared with polypropylene fiber, if the polyethylene fiber (PE) is applied to a unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric, moisture can be conducted quickly, heat can be conducted quickly, dryness of the fabric can be met, and meanwhile the fabric has cooling sensitivity. At present, polyethylene materials are widely applied to pipes, bars, plastic films and the like, and the number of fiber products is very small, so that the polyethylene has great development prospect and research and development value in the application of moisture-conducting fabrics.
At present, the industrial production method of polyethylene fiber mainly adopts a gel spinning method, and an organic solvent is required to be added in the production process of the method, and solvent extraction is required to be carried out subsequently. Although the fiber obtained by the method has high strength, the process is complex, the production cost is high, the product price is expensive, and the method is not environment-friendly. Based on the concepts of simplifying the process, saving the cost and protecting the environment, the method for preparing the polyethylene by replacing the gel spinning method is very necessary to be found. Compared with gel spinning, the melt spinning does not need links such as adding solvents, extracting solvents and the like, products can be prepared by using the existing polyester spinning equipment, and the requirements of simple working procedures, simple equipment, low cost and environmental protection are met. At present, the related research and application of polyethylene fiber melt spinning are few, and in the prior art, the polyethylene fiber obtained by melt spinning has low strength and poor fiber forming property in the spinning process. Because the melting point of PE is very low and is only 130 ℃, the control of the technology is very strict when melt spinning is carried out. In order to make the product meet the requirement of weaving strength, the polyethylene is modified mainly by means of adding an auxiliary agent.
CN 104711697A discloses a polyethylene fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein a siloxane or amide or stearate lubricant is added as a modifier of high-density polyethylene, the mixture is extruded and melted by a double screw, the melting temperature is controlled at 130 ℃ and 330 ℃, the filament-drawing speed is 0.2-5m/min, and finally the polyethylene fiber with the strength of 7-20g/d and the elongation at break of 3-10% is obtained. CN 102002769A discloses a preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, which comprises the steps of firstly adding POE polyolefin elastomer, PE foaming agent, ethylene propylene diene monomer and other substances to modify low-density polyethylene, then compounding with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene resin, and obtaining the polyethylene fiber with the strength of 15-25cN/dtex and the elongation at break of 5-8% through melt spinning. CN 108588884A discloses a preparation method of high molecular weight polyethylene fiber by melt spinning, which comprises adding kaolin modified high molecular weight polyethylene, extruding into filaments by a screw, controlling the melting temperature at 165-255 ℃ and the drawing speed at 75-85 r/min. The prior technical scheme needs to improve the fiber forming property of the polyethylene melt and improve the fiber strength by other auxiliary agents, and the selected auxiliary agents are high in price, and the problems that the auxiliary agents are not uniformly dispersed and have more broken filaments and the like can also occur in the processing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of PE cool fiber.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fabric having the above PE cool feeling fiber.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of PE cool fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) sending the high-density polyethylene slices into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 180-210 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 30-60: 40-70 so as to spray a composite melt;
(4) sequentially cooling, oiling and winding the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber;
the mother liquor of the oiling agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 43-45 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 35-37 wt% of polyglycerol fatty acid ester, 2-4 wt% of polyoxyethylene phosphate potassium salt, 5-7 wt% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and 10-12 wt% of water, and when the mother liquor is used, the mother liquor is prepared into a use liquor with the concentration of 8-12 wt% by using water as a solvent.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mother liquor of the oil agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 44 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 36 wt% of polyglycerol fatty acid ester, 3 wt% of polyoxyethylene potassium phosphate, 6 wt% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and 11wt% of water.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high density polyethylene chip has a melt index of 20-23g/10min and the low melting polyester pellets have a melting point of 140-150 ℃.
More preferably, the melting point of the low-melting polyester pellets is 150 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of extrusion melting in the step (1) is 210 ℃, the temperature of extrusion melting in the step (2) is 250 ℃, the skin-core ratio is 30: 70, and the concentration of the use solution of the oiled finish is 10 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion melting temperature of step (1) is 180 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of step (2) is 220 ℃, the skin-core ratio is 60: 40, and the use solution concentration of the oiling oil agent is 11 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 195 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 235 ℃, the skin-core ratio is 40: 60, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 9 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 205 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 248 ℃, the skin-core ratio is 50: 50, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 12 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 195 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 242 ℃, the skin-core ratio is 45: 55, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 8 wt%.
The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fabric is woven by the PE cool fiber prepared by the preparation method and the hydrophilic fiber.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the invention is not only simple in process and equipment, low in raw material cost, but also environment-friendly in processing process.
2. According to the invention, the special oiling agent is used in the oiling stage, so that on the basis of ensuring good spinnability, good strength and softness of the product, a cool hand feeling is obtained, and the fabric can be subjected to double-sided weaving with hydrophilic fibers to prepare the unidirectional moisture-conducting fabric with moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions and cool feeling.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated and described by the following detailed description.
The mother liquor of the oiling agent used in the oiling of the following examples consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 44 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 36 wt% of polyglycerol fatty acid ester, 3 wt% of polyoxyethylene potassium phosphate, 6 wt% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and 11wt% of water. When in use, the mother liquor is prepared into a use solution with the concentration of 8-12 wt% by taking water as a solvent.
Example 1
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 210 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 250 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 30: 70 so as to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (the concentration of the using solution is 10 wt%) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber (the strength is 4.2cN/dtex, and the elongation at break is 40%).
Example 2
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 180 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 220 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 60: 40 to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (the concentration of the using solution is 11 wt%) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber (the strength is 3.5cN/dtex, and the elongation at break is 21%).
Example 3
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 195 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 235 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 40: 60 so as to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (the concentration of the using solution is 9 wt%) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber (the strength is 3.8cN/dtex, and the elongation at break is 28%).
Example 4
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 205 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 248 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 50: 50 to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (the concentration of the used liquid is 12 wt%) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber (the strength is 3.8cN/dtex, and the elongation at break is 31%).
Example 5
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 195 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 242 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 45: 55 so as to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (the concentration of the using solution is 8 wt%) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber (the strength is 3.6cN/dtex, and the elongation at break is 36%).
Comparative example 1
(1) Feeding high-density polyethylene slices with the melt index of 20-23g/10min into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 195 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules (prepared according to the technical scheme disclosed by CN 102585185B) with the melting point of 150 ℃ into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 242 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt are respectively converged into a skin-core type spinning assembly through respective melt filters and metering pumps according to the skin-core ratio of 45: 55 so as to spray a composite melt;
(4) and (3) sequentially cooling, oiling (without using the use liquid of the examples 1 to 5) and winding and forming the composite melt to obtain the PE fiber (the broken ends and the floating filaments are more and the spinnability is extremely poor).
The PE cool fiber obtained in examples 1 to 5 and hydrophilic polyester are made into double-faced woven grey cloth, then the cool performance of the grey cloth is tested according to GB T35263-2017 detection and evaluation of the cool performance at the moment of textile contact, and the unidirectional moisture permeability of the grey cloth is tested according to GB T21655.1-2008 evaluation of the moisture absorption and quick drying of the textile by a first partial single combination test method, and the test results are as follows:
Figure BDA0002830975090000061
according to the test results, the fabrics made of the PE cool fiber prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and hydrophilic polyester fiber have not only good cool effect but also excellent moisture absorption and quick drying performance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of PE cool fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) sending the high-density polyethylene slices into a first single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at 180-210 ℃ to obtain a skin material melt;
(2) feeding the low-melting-point polyester granules into a second single-screw extruder, and extruding and melting at the temperature of 220-250 ℃ to obtain a core material melt;
(3) the skin material melt and the core material melt respectively pass through respective melt filters and metering pumps, and the melt flow rate is controlled according to a skin-core ratio of 30-60: 40-70 are converged into a sheath-core spinning assembly to jet out a composite melt;
(4) sequentially cooling, oiling and winding the composite melt to obtain the PE cool fiber;
the melt index of the high-density polyethylene chip is 20-23g/10min, and the melting point of the low-melting-point polyester granules is 140-150 ℃;
the mother liquor of the oiling agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 43-45 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 35-37 wt% of polyglycerol fatty acid ester, 2-4 wt% of polyoxyethylene phosphate potassium salt, 5-7 wt% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and 10-12 wt% of water, and when the mother liquor is used, the mother liquor is prepared into a use liquor with the concentration of 8-12 wt% by using water as a solvent.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mother liquor of the oil agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 44 wt% of fatty acid methyl ester, 36 wt% of polyglycerol fatty acid ester, 3 wt% of polyoxyethylene potassium phosphate, 6 wt% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and 11wt% of water.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the melting point of the low-melting-point polyester granules is 150 ℃.
4. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 210 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 250 ℃, and the skin-core ratio is 30: 70, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 10 wt%.
5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 180 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 220 ℃, and the skin-core ratio is 60: 40, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 11 wt%.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 195 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 235 ℃, and the skin-core ratio is 40: 60, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 9 wt%.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 205 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 248 ℃, and the skin-core ratio is 50: 50, and the using liquid concentration of the oiling oil agent is 12 wt%.
8. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the extrusion melting temperature of the step (1) is 195 ℃, the extrusion melting temperature of the step (2) is 242 ℃, and the skin-core ratio is 45: 55, and the using liquid of the oiling oil agent has the concentration of 8 wt%.
9. A fabric, characterized by: the PE cool fiber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 and hydrophilic fiber are woven.
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