CN103122499B - A kind of Splittable conjugate fiber and Superfine Fibre Fabric - Google Patents
A kind of Splittable conjugate fiber and Superfine Fibre Fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN103122499B CN103122499B CN201110366784.6A CN201110366784A CN103122499B CN 103122499 B CN103122499 B CN 103122499B CN 201110366784 A CN201110366784 A CN 201110366784A CN 103122499 B CN103122499 B CN 103122499B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Splittable conjugate fiber, this fiber is made up of the fatty polyamide as the first component and the modified copolyester as second component, and the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20% ~ 20%: 80%; On the cross section of composite fibre, second component distributes with continuous phase and splits the first component, and the first component distributes with discontinuous phase on composite fibre cross section.The present invention adopts composite spinning to obtain the Splittable conjugate fiber of fatty polyamide and modified copolyester, fabric two components after aqueous slkali decrement treatment that this composite fibre is formed can fully be peeled off thus form Superfine Fibre Fabric, this Superfine Fibre Fabric even dyeing, and there is water-absorbing fast-drying performance, and there is soft feel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Splittable conjugate fiber and by its obtained superfine fibre, particularly a kind of polyester-nylon complex fiber and by its obtained Superfine Fibre Fabric.
Background technology
But in recent years, along with the exploitation of various superfine fibre, the demand explosion of the purposes such as senior braided fabric, high quality artificial leather.Such as, the Splittable conjugate fiber be made up of polyamide and polyester, after physical or chemical treatment, two components can be split, the fine count fiber after segmentation due to diameter very little, therefore its bending stiffness is very little, and sag is large, fabric hand particularly soft; The specific area of fine count fiber is very large, and therefore the spreadability of its fabric, bulkiness and warmth retention property are significantly improved; Pulp freeness is large, and number of times contact with dust or greasy dirt is more, and the chance that greasy dirt permeates from gap between fiber surface is more, therefore has extremely strong cleaning function; Fine count fiber is made super high density fabric, and interfibrous space is between drop diameter and water vapour diameter of droplets, and therefore ultra-fine fabrics has water-proof air-permeable effect.
This Splittable conjugate fiber be made up of polyamide and polyester, is all adopt polyamide continuous distributed, the divided complex method of polyester usually, then splits after subtracting solution-treated, as the record in patent document 1 ~ 4.But, the composite fibre of this complex method, when aqueous slkali decrement treatment, because polyester major part is exposed to surface, it is after alkali decrement treatment, and intensity aspect has and significantly declines, thus the intensity that impact is overall.Simultaneously, this polyamide and conventional polyester form composite fibre, usually need to adopt the condition of High Temperature High Pressure fully to dye in fabric, simultaneously, generally look can be caused to pollute to nylon to the DISPERSE DYES that polyester dyeing adopts, thus make fabric produce the problems such as color spot.
On the other hand, Splittable conjugate fiber, mostly adopts polyamide and a kind ofly carries out compound with the polymer of its poor compatibility, being generally polyester or polyolefin etc.Carry out as having mentioned employing polyamide and polyolefin in document 5.But the Splittable fiber of polyolefin or conventional polyester and polyamide compound, its segmentation property is general, needs to rely on stronger alkali treatment condition.
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-81832
Patent document 2: No. 4027537th, Japanese Patent
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 7-189037
Patent document 4:CN200810249642.X
Patent document 5:CN200880012368.2
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of be easy to split Splittable conjugate fiber and soft, water-absorbing fast-drying, gloss are excellent, can the ultra-fine very thin dawn fabric of level dyeing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: form Splittable conjugate fiber by the fatty polyamide as the first component and the modified copolyester as second component, and the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20% ~ 20%: 80%; Second component is using the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 500 ~ 5000 and benzene sulfonate as the modified copolyester of copolymer composition, and in second component, the content of polyethylene glycol is 0.5 ~ 5.0wt%,
On the cross section of composite fibre, second component distributes with continuous phase and splits the first component; First component distributes with discontinuous phase on composite fibre cross section, and meets following formula,
2≤N≤16(I)
60％≤A≤95％(II)
In formula, N represents the number that the first component is discontinuously arranged on composite fibre cross section, and A represents that the length on composite fibre section girth shared by the first component accounts for the ratio of whole section girth.
Wherein, the discontinuously arranged number N of the first component fatty polyamide is 2≤N≤16, preferably 2≤N≤8, most preferably is 2≤N≤6.As N=2, this Splittable conjugate fiber is two segmentation silks, in discharge-amount and compound than under certain condition, now fibre-forming polymer equivalent fiber number is the highest, spinneret design cost is also lower, but during to obtain the fibre-forming polymer compared with low equivalent fiber number, must reduce the discharge-amount of two kinds of polymer, thus cause the increase of broken end number, cause spinning situation to be deteriorated.Therefore will obtain the fibre-forming polymer compared with low equivalent fiber number, suitably can improve fibre-forming polymer number discontinuously arranged on cross section, namely the numerical value of N, N numerical value is higher, then fibre-forming polymer equivalent fiber number is lower.During N > 16, spinnerets makes difficulty, cost sharply rises, and fibrillation performance also can to some extent obviously decline when post-processed.Therefore most preferably N control between 2 ~ 6 the most suitable.
A value can change with the change of compound ratio, and N value is fixed, total two component discharge-amounts are fixed, heightens the compound ratio of polyamide and copolyesters, then A value rising.The too high meeting of A value causes this Splittable fiber to be difficult to carry out fibrillation in aft-loaded airfoil Alkali reduction process, and A value too low then copolyesters filament number improves, thus the flexibility of fabric integer is reduced.
The percentage by weight of the first component fatty polyamide and second component copolyesters is 80%: 20% ~ 20%: 80%, preferably 80%: 20% ~ 40%: 60%, most preferably 80%: 20% ~ 60%: 40%.When the percentage by weight of the modified copolyester of continuous distributed is more than 80%, the filament number after its final fibrillation then can more than 1dtex.Otherwise when the percentage by weight of divided discontinuously arranged fatty polyamide is more than 80%, then the filament number after fibrillation can improve, and affects overall flexibility.To consider after fibrillation both filament numbers, the percentage by weight of the present invention most preferably polyamide and copolyesters is most preferably 80%: 20% ~ 60%: 40%.
As the fatty polyamide of the first component, known fiber forming properties polyamide can be enumerated, be specifically as follows nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, NYLON610, nylon 1010 etc., as long as fiber can be formed, the molecular weight of this fatty polyamide be not particularly limited.Wherein nylon 6 being most widely used in fiber, favourable on cost, is preferably used in the present invention.
As the modified copolyester of second component, the principal monomer of this copolyesters is except polyethylene glycol, also has benzene sulfonate, this benzene sulfonate can be M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt or M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid potassium, preferred M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, and the content in second component is 0.9 ~ 3.7wt%.When content is less than 0.9wt%, the dyeability of its cation dyes can obviously decline, and does not reach predetermined Color, on the other hand, when content is greater than 3.7wt%, the viscosity of its copolyesters can sharply rise, when melt spinning, there will be poor fluidity, the problems such as spinnability is bad.
Splittable conjugate fiber is formed fabric, fabric two components after aqueous slkali decrement treatment are fully peeled off thus are formed Superfine Fibre Fabric, there is the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester in fabric, filament number is below 1dtex, and section configuration is special-shaped section.Preferred filament number is 0.1 ~ 1.0dtex.Fiber number is excessive, then can not embody the fine denier filament effect of fiber, and fiber number is too low, then require higher to spinning condition, be not suitable for large-scale production.
After alkali decrement treatment, the composite fibre in fabric is split to form the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester.First component polyamide carries out discontinuous distribution with oval or triangle on fiber cross section.
The composite spinneret that the present invention adopts can be two cut fibre and cut fibre more, cut fine number number require depending on spinnerets cost of manufacture and filament number and change.
The manufacture method of fiber of the present invention, be specially and the first component and second component are all dried to below moisture 100ppm, send into the melting of A and B screw rod respectively, pass through measuring pump, through composite spinneret extrusion molding, it is 250 ~ 320 DEG C at spinning temperature, speed is coil into silk under the condition of 3500 ~ 6000m/min, in the Splittable conjugate fiber that composite spinneret is obtained, first component is presented as discontinuous distribution on monofilament cross section, second component is presented as continuous distributed on monofilament cross section, and meets following formula
2≤N≤16(I)
60％≤A≤95％(II)
In formula, N represents the number that the first component is discontinuously arranged on cross section, and A represents that the length on section girth shared by the first component accounts for the ratio of whole section girth.
At next footwork of condition spinning fully oriented filament that spinning speed is 3500 ~ 6000m/min, setting a heat roller temperature is 70 ~ 100 DEG C, two heat roller temperatures are 110 ~ 180 DEG C, and between two hot-rollings, extension ratio is 1.20 ~ 3.00, and concrete setting numerical value need decide according to the required physical property of cutting fibril.And then carrying out false twisting processing, the process velocity of false twist yarn is 300 ~ 700m/min, processing temperature is 110 ~ 200 DEG C, extension ratio is 1.20 ~ 3.00, obtained stretch textured yarn.
Advantage of the present invention is: fiber precursor adopts composite spinning technology, eliminate point comb difficulty that Direct Spinning fine count fiber causes, the shortcoming that slivering is difficult and formation yarn nep is high, simultaneously for the making of spinnerets and the requirement of lateral blowing lower, be applicable to existing spinning machine carry out extensive spinning and not needs it is transformed.
In addition, what the present invention adopted is modified copolyester continuous distributed, the divided complex method of polyamide, this composite fibre is when carrying out alkali decrement treatment, the fiber surface overwhelming majority is polyamide, but the alkali resistance of well-known polyamide is excellent more than polyester, in this processing procedure, there will not be obvious intensity to decline, and on the other hand, because modified copolyester only has minority to be exposed to fiber surface, when alkali decrement treatment, greatly can reduce the impact that it is subject to aqueous slkali decrement, thus maintenance intensity, and the good dyeability of modified copolyester finds full expression.
Specifically, present invention employs a kind of copolyesters differed greatly with the shrinkage of polyamide as composite parts, when Alkali reduction heat treatment, its thermal contraction difference can make fiber produce good fibrillation effect.
Composite fibre in the present invention carries out the rear Alkali reduction of fabric processing, decrement process is easy to carry out, after its decrement, fiber two component fibrillation on cross section is good, and because second component copolyesters is continuous distributed on composite fibre cross section, that is, be Multiblade abnormity filament after its fibrillation, and this filamentary fiber number is below 1.0dtex.Fabric after alkali decrement treatment, its water imbibition can reach the equal above level of cotton fiber, and fabric feeling is very soft simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention three cuts yarn composite fiber sectional view.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention three cuts the superfine fibre sectional view of yarn composite fiber fabric after alkali decrement treatment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Value in following embodiment adopts following method to measure.
(1) water imbibition
The ascending method in JISL1907:2010 standard is adopted to measure.
(2) rapid-drying properties (evaporation rate)
On the cloth specimen of unit are, weigh after instillation 0.1ml water M1 immediately, and then cloth specimen is placed on air dry in standard environment (temperature 20 DEG C, humidity 65%), weigh after 60min M2 again.
Evaporation rate (%)=(M1-M2)/0.1
(3) flexibility (B value)
Test cloth specimen is cut into 20cm × 20cm size, and the KAWABATASEVALUATIONSYSTEM-2 equipment that " TATOTEKKOCO., LTD " produces measures, and the bending stiffness B value that it records is characterized by the flexibility of cloth specimen.B value is less, and its flexibility is better.
(4) fibrillation rate
From obtained fabric, extract this Splittable fiber, clap and get section.Wherein divided and peel off nylon polymer number, the ratio of the number be stripped completely with nylon is fibrillation rate.Such as, the 3 Splittable fibers in 36 holes, the number wherein peeled off completely is 100, and the number that nylon is stripped completely should be 36 × 3=108,
Fibrillation rate (%)=(100/108) × 100=92.6
Following examples should not regard limitation of the present invention as.
Embodiment 1
Moisture after drying is less than 100ppm modified copolyester section and nylon 6 slice by screw extruder, make it molten condition, inflow measuring pump, be pressed in assembly after accurate-metering and spue into silk.Modified copolyester section and nylon 6 slice melting under 285 DEG C and 255 DEG C of conditions respectively, split spinnerets through 36 holes three of particular design and spue into silk.Its nylon 6 is 70: 30 with the compound ratio of modified copolyester, coiling speed is 4000m/min, first heat roller temperature is 70 DEG C, second heat roller temperature is 160 DEG C, multiplying power between first hot-rolling and the second hot-rolling is 1.5, spin precursor fiber number be 56.0dtex, on precursor cross section, modified copolyester shows as continuous distributed, and nylon 6 shows as divided 3 discontinuously arranged states.
The comonomer of modified copolyester is polyethylene glycol and a toluene dioctyl phthalate benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, and wherein the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 1000, and content is 1.0wt%, and the content of M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt is 2.5wt%
False twisting processing is carried out to precursor, heater temperature 150 DEG C, coiling speed 500m/min, stretching ratio 1.1.
At 90 DEG C, under 2%NaOH concentration, decrement is carried out, after decrement 10min to the fabric be made into by above-mentioned Splittable fiber, take out cleaning and drying, then adopt one bath two stage process carry out Colour Difference, be respectively ACID DYES to dyeing nylon, cation dyes dye to modified copolyester.
Thus the reduction rate of obtained fabric is 6.3%; The fibrillation rate of fiber is 95%, and the moisture of the water absorption of fabrics unit interval after decrement is climbed as 99mm, and rapid-curing cutback evaporation rate is 97%, pliability B value is 0.0114cm
2/ cm, dyeing uniformity is excellent, and concrete numerical value is in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Except nylon 6 and the compound ratio of modified copolyester are adjusted to 80: 20, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Except nylon 6 and the compound ratio of modified copolyester are adjusted to 50: 50, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Except nylon 6 and the compound ratio of modified copolyester are adjusted to 30: 70, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 1.
Embodiment 5
Except the mouth gold adopted is that except 36 hole 8 Splittable spinneretss, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 2.
Embodiment 6
Except the mouth gold adopted is that except 36 hole 16 Splittable spinneretss, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 2.
Comparative example 1
Except nylon 6 and the compound ratio of modified copolyester change to 90: 10, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 2.
Comparative example 2
Except polyester changes to common polyethylene terephthalate, other conditions and embodiment 1 are together.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement obtained by this fiber are in table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
Note:
◎: represent dyeing uniformity excellent, zero: represent dyeing uniformity good, ×: represent dyeing uniformity poor.
Claims (6)
1. a Splittable conjugate fiber, is characterized in that: this fiber is made up of the fatty polyamide as the first component and the modified copolyester as second component, and the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20% ~ 20%: 80%; Second component is using the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 500 ~ 5000 and benzene sulfonate as the modified copolyester of copolymer composition, and in second component, the content of polyethylene glycol is 0.5 ~ 5.0wt%,
On the cross section of composite fibre, second component distributes with continuous phase and splits the first component; First component distributes with discontinuous phase on composite fibre cross section, and meets following formula,
2≤N≤16(I)
60％≤A≤95％(II)
In formula, N represents the number that the first component is discontinuously arranged on composite fibre cross section, and A represents that the length on composite fibre section girth shared by the first component accounts for the ratio of whole section girth.
2. Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described benzene sulfonate is M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt or M-phthalic acid benzene sulfonic acid potassium, and the content in second component is 0.9 ~ 3.7wt%.
3. Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20% ~ 50%: 50%.
4. Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described N is 2≤N≤8.
5. a Superfine Fibre Fabric, it is characterized in that: form fabric by Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1, fabric two components after aqueous slkali decrement treatment are fully peeled off thus are formed Superfine Fibre Fabric, the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester is there is in fabric, filament number is below 1dtex, and section configuration is special-shaped section.
6. Superfine Fibre Fabric according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the section configuration of the polyamide in fabric is flat pattern or triangle.
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| CN105696111A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Light weight type thermal insulation long fiber, and fabric |
| CN105970355A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-28 | 浙江理工大学 | Differential-shrinkage superfine composite fiber and processing process thereof |
| CN105862149B (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2018-12-14 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | A kind of superfine composite adds elater and its processing technology |
| CN105839248A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-10 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Differential-shrinkage superfine composite draw textured yarn and processing technology thereof |
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| CN1993514A (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-07-04 | 东丽株式会社 | Leathery sheet and method for producing the same |
| CN101215734A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2008-07-09 | 张家港保税区长江塑化有限公司 | Island type polyamide 6 fibre and preparing method thereof |
| CN101457413A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-17 | 邢立华 | Deep dye type polyester-nylon composite superfine fiber and manufacture method |
| CN101748512A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Polyester composite fiber and method for producing same |
| CN102199808A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-09-28 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing cationic dye deeply dyed copolyester fibers at normal pressure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1993514A (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-07-04 | 东丽株式会社 | Leathery sheet and method for producing the same |
| CN101215734A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2008-07-09 | 张家港保税区长江塑化有限公司 | Island type polyamide 6 fibre and preparing method thereof |
| CN101748512A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Polyester composite fiber and method for producing same |
| CN101457413A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-17 | 邢立华 | Deep dye type polyester-nylon composite superfine fiber and manufacture method |
| CN102199808A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-09-28 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing cationic dye deeply dyed copolyester fibers at normal pressure |
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