CN112481523B - Method for manufacturing high-temperature-resistant thermistor elastic piece - Google Patents
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- CN112481523B CN112481523B CN202011479486.3A CN202011479486A CN112481523B CN 112481523 B CN112481523 B CN 112481523B CN 202011479486 A CN202011479486 A CN 202011479486A CN 112481523 B CN112481523 B CN 112481523B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/008—Thermistors
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant thermistor spring, which comprises the following chemical components (wt%) of Cr 19-22, Mo 3-5, Al 1.2-1.6, Fe 0.3-0.6, Ti 2-4, Co 12-14 and the balance of Ni. Smelting raw materials, hot rolling the raw materials into a strip, carrying out homogenization treatment, then hot stamping the strip into a cymbal-shaped elastic sheet, then carrying out solid solution, stabilization and aging treatment modification, and finally carrying out surface polishing and shape-righting treatment. The elastic sheet prepared by the invention has high strength, high elastic modulus, high stability, corrosion resistance and excellent conductivity at the temperature of 400-500 ℃, and is convenient to mount and fasten.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature elastic alloy and elastic sheet manufacturing, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of an elastic sheet of a high-temperature-resistant thermistor.
Background
The thermistor chip is generally plastic-packaged to protect the chip from the external environment and keep the function stable. However, the temperature of the high-power thermistor rises to 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ in the working process, and plastic package cannot be carried out, and the high-power thermistor is usually fastened by using the elastic sheet. The elastic sheet is connected with the electrode and the thermistor to play roles in fastening, heat dissipation, electric conduction and the like. Therefore, the spring plate is required to maintain high strength, high elasticity, heat-resistant stability and excellent conductivity at 400-500 ℃. The stainless steel elastic sheet has good mechanical property and corrosion resistance, but the softening phenomenon occurs at 400-500 ℃.
Chinese patent CN109628796A and Liuming Kun, etc. in failure analysis and prevention (2018, 13, 329-doping 334) disclose titanium alloy elastic sheets, which effectively improve high temperature resistance, but titanium alloys are expensive and have poor forming and welding performance. At present, the appearance design of the elastic sheet adopts Chinese patent CN201820559189.1, the metal sheet is attached to the elastic sheets at two sides of the thermistor or a spring type elastic sheet is adopted, the stability is poor, and the use of the thermistor is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to obtain the elastic sheet which can keep high strength, high elasticity, heat-resistant stability, corrosion resistance, excellent conductivity and stability and is convenient to mount under the conditions of 400-500 ℃, the invention meets the performance requirements of the elastic sheet through alloy components, the shape design of the elastic sheet and a heat treatment process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant thermistor elastic piece comprises the steps of designing alloy components and the shape of the elastic piece, smelting a hot rolled strip, carrying out hot stamping forming after homogenization treatment, carrying out heat treatment modification, carrying out sand shot polishing, carrying out light-pressure straightening and carrying out performance testing.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: designing alloy components, the shape and the size of the elastic sheet and the shape and the size of the die;
wherein the spring plate is in the shape of a cymbal with the periphery being compressed, the flanging for protecting the thermistor and the middle being bulged for buffering and evenly bearing force, as shown in figure 1. The alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 19 to 22 Cr, 3 to 5 Mo, 1.2 to 1.6 Al, 0.3 to 0.6 Fe, 2 to 4 Ti, 12 to 14 Co, and the balance Ni.
S2: smelting and hot-rolling the alloy into a strip;
the method comprises the steps of polishing raw materials, smelting at 1350-1400 ℃ under the protection of vacuum nitrogen, continuously casting and continuously rolling the raw materials into a strip with the thickness of 0.6-1.2 mm, washing the strip with acid, washing with water and drying.
S3: hot stamping the strip material of the step S2 into cymbal-shaped elastic sheets after the homogenization treatment;
heating the strip material to 1100-1150 ℃ for homogenization treatment for 1-2h, and continuously punching into cymbals-shaped elastic pieces according to the specification of thermistor chip products.
S4: solution treatment: the cymbal-shaped elastic sheet is put into a high-temperature electric furnace to be heated to 1050-1100 ℃ at a speed of 10-20 ℃/min, and the solution is kept for 1-2h and then is cooled by water, so that the alloy is fully dissolved in the solution.
S5: and (3) stabilizing treatment: and putting the elastic sheet after the solution treatment into a resistance furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ at a speed of 20-30 ℃/min, keeping for 1-3 h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. Complete carbide is separated out, and the strength and hardness of the alloy are improved.
S6: aging treatment: and (3) placing the stabilized elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 750-780 ℃ at the speed of 20-30 ℃/min, keeping for 12-18 h, carrying out aging treatment, and then carrying out air cooling to obtain the high-performance elastic sheet.
S7: polishing and reshaping: and putting the spring plate after the aging treatment into a liquid sand blasting machine, wherein the air pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, and the surface of the spring plate is polished for 20-30 min by using a ten-to twenty-grit sand blasting granularity, so that the compressive stress can be generated simultaneously to improve the fatigue strength. The elastic sheet is washed cleanly by clean water, is soaked by a small amount of alcohol and is dried, residues such as oil stains and the like are removed, the smoothness of the elastic sheet is improved, and the appearance is more attractive.
S8: and placing the S7 shrapnel into a mould for slight pressure reshaping to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the elastic sheet is designed and made into a cymbal shape, and tightly presses the thermistor chip to play a fastening role, and the edge flanging protects the thermistor chip; the middle bulge forms a horn shape, so that the external impact force can be effectively reduced relative to the sheet shape, the stress is uniform, the thermistor chip is better protected, and the heat dissipation is facilitated.
(2) At present, most of the elastic sheets on the market are sheets made of materials such as titanium alloy and the like, are pressed on two sides of the thermistor chip, and have weak impact resistance, poor mechanical property, poor high-temperature stability and poor material formability. The high-temperature-resistant low-resistance elastic alloy designed by the invention can be used at the temperature of not higher than 820 ℃, and has good high-temperature stability, corrosion resistance, high mechanical property and low resistivity.
(3) The alloy strengthening phase (Y') is dissolved in a large amount at 1050 ℃, the strength is obviously reduced, the deformation resistance is reduced rapidly, the plasticity is obviously improved, and the stamping forming is facilitated. When the temperature is lower than 950 ℃, because the strengthening phase is dispersed in the crystal interior and the crystal boundary, the strength is high, the deformation resistance is large, the high-temperature-resistant elastic sheet has good mechanical property and corrosion resistance at the temperature of 400-500 ℃, and the high-temperature normal work of the elastic sheet is ensured.
(4) The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the spring plate of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Example 1
The components (wt%) of the preparation are Cr 19, Mo 3, Al 1.2, Fe 0.3, Ti 2, Co 12 and Ni 62.5. The raw materials are put into a furnace, vacuumized, introduced with nitrogen, smelted at 1350 ℃, continuously cast and rolled into strips with the thickness of 1 mm. Washing with 10% sulfuric acid, and oven drying. Heating to 1150 deg.C, homogenizing for 1 hr, and continuously punching to obtain cymbal-shaped spring plate with diameter of 30 mm. And then putting the elastic sheet into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 1050 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 120min for solution treatment, and then cooling by water. And putting the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 850 ℃ at 30 ℃/min, keeping for 1h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. And finally, placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃ at 30 ℃/min, keeping for 12h, carrying out aging treatment, and then carrying out air cooling. And (3) putting the elastic sheet subjected to aging treatment into a liquid sand blasting machine, wherein the air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the surface of the elastic sheet is polished for 20min by using No. twenty sand grains and then is washed cleanly by clean water. And (5) reshaping on a reshaping machine to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
Through detection: room temperature microhardnessThe degree is 444.3 HV; the proportional limits at room temperature and 400 ℃ are 643MPa and 604MPa respectively, the elastic limits are 692MPa and 621MPa respectively, and the conductivity is 0.63 multiplied by 106And (5) S/m. The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Example 2
The components (wt%) of the preparation are Cr 19, Mo 3, Al 1.2, Fe 0.3, Ti 2, Co 12 and Ni 62.5. The raw materials are put into a furnace, vacuumized, introduced with nitrogen, smelted at 1350 ℃, continuously cast and rolled into strips with the thickness of 1 mm. Washing with 10% sulfuric acid, and oven drying. Heating to 1150 deg.C, homogenizing for 1 hr, and continuously punching to obtain cymbal-shaped spring plate with diameter of 30 mm. Then the elastic sheet is put into a high-temperature electric furnace to be heated to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min and is kept for 60min for solution treatment, and then the water cooling is carried out. And placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 800 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/min, keeping for 2h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. And finally, placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃ at 30 ℃/min, keeping for 16h, carrying out aging treatment, and then cooling in air. And (3) putting the elastic sheet subjected to aging treatment into a liquid sand blasting machine, wherein the air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the surface of the elastic sheet is polished for 20min by using No. twenty sand grains and then is washed cleanly by clean water. And (5) reshaping on a reshaping machine to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
Through detection: the microhardness at room temperature is 435 HV; the proportional limits at room temperature and 400 ℃ are 631MPa and 605MPa respectively, the elastic limits are 640MPa and 615MPa respectively, and the conductivity is 0.8 multiplied by 106And (5) S/m. The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Example 3
The components (wt%) of the preparation are Cr 19, Mo 3, Al 1.2, Fe 0.3, Ti 2, Co 12 and Ni 62.5. The raw materials are put into a furnace, vacuumized, introduced with nitrogen, smelted at 1350 ℃, continuously cast and rolled into strips with the thickness of 1 mm. Washing with 10% sulfuric acid, and oven drying. Heating to 1100 deg.C, homogenizing for 1 hr, and continuously punching to obtain cymbal-shaped spring plate with diameter of 30 mm. And then putting the elastic sheet into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 1090 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 80min for solution treatment, and then cooling by water. And placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 800 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/min, keeping for 2h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. And finally, placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 760 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/min, keeping for 18h, carrying out aging treatment, and then cooling in air. After heat treatment, the elastic sheet is placed in a liquid sand blasting machine, the air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the surface of the elastic sheet is polished for 20min by using No. twenty sand grains and then is washed and cleaned by clean water. And (5) reshaping on a reshaping machine to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
Through detection: the microhardness of the shrapnel at room temperature is 438 HV; the proportional limits at room temperature and 400 ℃ are 640MPa and 598MPa respectively, the elastic limits are 669MPa and 615MPa respectively, and the conductivity is 0.2 multiplied by 106And (5) S/m. The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Example 4
The components (wt%) of the preparation are Cr 19, Mo 3, Al 1.2, Fe 0.3, Ti 2, Co 12 and Ni 62.5. The raw materials are put into a furnace, vacuumized, introduced with nitrogen, smelted at 1350 ℃, continuously cast and rolled into strips with the thickness of 1 mm. Washing with 10% sulfuric acid, and oven drying. Heating to 1120 deg.C, homogenizing for 1.5h, and continuously punching to obtain cymbal-shaped spring plate with diameter of 30 mm. Then the elastic sheet is put into a high-temperature electric furnace to be heated to 1050 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min and is kept for 100min for solution treatment, and then the water cooling is carried out. And placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 820 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, keeping for 2h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. And finally, placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃ at 30 ℃/min, keeping for 16h, carrying out aging treatment, and then cooling in air. After heat treatment, the elastic sheet is placed in a liquid sand blasting machine, the air pressure is 0.5MPa, and the surface of the elastic sheet is polished for 20min by using No. twenty sand grains and then is washed and cleaned by clean water. And (5) reshaping on a reshaping machine to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
Through detection: room temperature microhardness of the elastic sheet is446 HV; the proportional limits at room temperature and 400 ℃ are 627MPa and 601MPa respectively, the elastic limits are 636MPa and 608MPa respectively, and the electric conductivity is 0.5 multiplied by 106And (5) S/m. The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Example 5
The components (wt%) of the preparation are Cr 22, Mo 5, Al 1.6, Fe 0.6, Ti 4, Co 14 and Ni 52.8. The raw materials are put into a furnace, vacuumized, introduced with nitrogen, smelted at 1400 ℃, continuously cast and rolled into a strip with the thickness of 0.6 mm. Washing with 10% sulfuric acid, and oven drying. Heating to 1100 deg.C, homogenizing for 2h, and continuously punching to obtain cymbal-shaped spring plate with diameter of 30 mm. And then putting the elastic sheet into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 1050 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h for solution treatment, and then cooling by water. And placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 820 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, keeping for 3h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air. And finally, placing the elastic sheet into a resistance furnace, heating to 750 ℃ at a speed of 20 ℃/min, keeping for 16h, carrying out aging treatment, and then cooling in air. After heat treatment, the elastic sheet is placed in a liquid sand blasting machine, the air pressure is 0.8MPa, and the surface of the elastic sheet is polished for 30min by using No. ten sand grains and then is washed by clean water. And (5) reshaping on a reshaping machine to obtain a qualified shrapnel.
Through detection: the room-temperature microhardness of the elastic sheet is 466 HV; the proportional limits at room temperature and 400 ℃ are 635MPa and 613MPa respectively, the elastic limits are 641MPa and 615MPa respectively, and the conductivity is 0.4 multiplied by 106And (5) S/m. The prepared shrapnel is arranged on a product, 55 N.m of tightening pressure is added, and the shrapnel works normally after the temperature of 400 ℃ lasts for 500 hours. Heating to 400 deg.C from room temperature for 10min, cooling to room temperature for 10min, heating to 400 deg.C for 10min, repeating the temperature impact for 300 times, and allowing the elastic sheet to work normally. The working requirements of high-power thermistor chip products are met.
Claims (3)
1. A method for manufacturing a high-temperature-resistant thermistor elastic sheet is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of designing the components, the shapes and the dies of the elastic sheet alloy, smelting a hot rolled strip, carrying out homogenization treatment, then carrying out hot stamping on the elastic sheet, carrying out heat treatment modification, polishing and shape correction on sand shots; the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: designing alloy components, spring plate shape and size and die shape and size, wherein the alloy comprises, by weight, 19-22% of Cr, 3-5% of Mo, 1.2-1.6% of Al, 0.3-0.6% of Fe, 2-4% of Ti, 12-14% of Co and the balance of Ni;
s2: smelting the alloy raw material at 1350-;
s3: heating the strip material obtained in the step S2 to 1100-1150 ℃ for homogenization treatment for 1-2h, and then hot-stamping the strip material into cymbal-shaped elastic pieces;
s4: heating the cymbal-shaped elastic sheet in the step S3 to 1050-1100 ℃ at a speed of 10-30 ℃/min, keeping for 1-2h for solid solution, and then cooling with water;
s5: heating the elastic sheet in the step S4 to 800-850 ℃ at a speed of 20-30 ℃/min, keeping for 1-3 h for stabilization treatment, and then cooling in air;
s6: heating the elastic sheet in the step S5 to 750-780 ℃ at a speed of 20-30 ℃/min, keeping for 12-18 h, carrying out aging treatment, and then air cooling;
s7: and D, performing surface shot polishing and reshaping on the elastic sheet in the step S6.
2. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant thermistor elastic piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spring plate is in a cymbal shape with the periphery being compressed, the periphery being provided with a flanging and the middle being bulged.
3. The method for manufacturing the high-temperature-resistant thermistor elastic piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S7, placing the spring plate after the aging treatment into a liquid sand blasting machine, wherein the air pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, and polishing the surface with ten-to twenty-grit sand blasting granularity for 20-30 min to remove residues; and finally, reshaping the product.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000345268A (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-12 | Nippon Seisen Co Ltd | High heat resistance alloy wire for spring, high heat resistance alloy spring and production thereof |
| CN205184559U (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-27 | 广东创汇实业有限公司 | Tripe grinding wheel of polishing usefulness |
| CN106676331A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-temperature-resistant high-elastic nickel-chromium alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
| CN111636013A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏银环精密钢管有限公司 | Novel nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum high-temperature alloy seamless tube for power station and manufacturing method |
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2020
- 2020-12-15 CN CN202011479486.3A patent/CN112481523B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000345268A (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-12 | Nippon Seisen Co Ltd | High heat resistance alloy wire for spring, high heat resistance alloy spring and production thereof |
| CN205184559U (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-27 | 广东创汇实业有限公司 | Tripe grinding wheel of polishing usefulness |
| CN106676331A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-temperature-resistant high-elastic nickel-chromium alloy strip and preparation method thereof |
| CN111636013A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-08 | 江苏银环精密钢管有限公司 | Novel nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum high-temperature alloy seamless tube for power station and manufacturing method |
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