CN112481477A - Heat treatment method of 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching part - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/32—Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching part, which comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine punching, plane grinding, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging, wherein the four steps of heat treatment comprise that the pre-heat treatment of the spheroidizing annealing is carried out before the fine punching processing, a steel plate is placed in an iron tank filled with scrap iron, the iron tanks are placed in a box type furnace for heating, and by controlling the annealing temperature and time, a granular carbide structure is obtained, the hardness of the 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate is reduced, the toughness is improved, and the cutting performance is improved; after fine blanking, grinding the workpiece to the thickness required by the drawing, and then quenching, wherein the cooling mode is oil cooling; the workpiece is subjected to pre-tempering treatment, so that the cracking phenomenon in the creep aging and pressure strengthening process can be prevented; finally, the workpiece is placed in a tempering furnace with better tightness for creep aging treatment, so that the hardness and dish shape of the workpiece meet the design requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching part, which is used for quenching and tempering and forming treatment of alloy steel and relates to the technical field of heat treatment processing.
Background
The comprehensive transmission is a complex system based on a double-flow transmission principle and integrating functions of speed change, steering, braking and the like, has a compact structure, high transmission efficiency and convenient operation, and is widely applied to certain types of military tracked vehicles and large engineering machinery; the wet type gear shifting clutch is a clutch form which is widely adopted in comprehensive transmission and takes oil as a cooling medium, the input end of the wet type gear shifting clutch is connected with an engine, the output end of the wet type gear shifting clutch is connected with a driving wheel, a driving friction plate and a driven friction plate are combined by controlling combined oil pressure, the friction plates transmit power under the action of friction force, the wet type gear shifting clutch is a friction plate with high size precision and good mechanical property, the power transmission is smooth and soft, the service life is long, the failure rate is low, and the smooth starting of a vehicle and the smooth gear shifting work can be; the friction plate with low dimensional precision and poor mechanical property is easy to cause early wear and excessive heating of the clutch, and even causes ablation and warping of the friction plate in severe cases; practice shows that the friction plate is a key factor influencing the dynamic property and the maneuverability of the whole vehicle.
The friction plates (diaphragm springs) used in the automobile industry are mainly made of 65Mn steel, 60Si2MnA steel and 50CrV4 steel, the disc shape of the friction plates is large, the production of micro-disc-shaped friction plates is not involved, and the hardness is 45-52 HRC; the material of the micro-disc-shaped friction plate for the comprehensive transmission device of certain type of tracked vehicle is 30CrMnSiA steel, because the application field of the material is small, a spheroidizing annealing cold-rolled plate cannot be purchased in the market, and according to the actual production, the invention provides the heat treatment method of the 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching part.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a heat treatment method for a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching piece, and the method can realize mass production of the 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching piece without configuring a special production line; the method reduces the operation difficulty and the production cost, the structure of the thin steel plate workpiece after heat treatment is stable, the comprehensive mechanical property is improved, and the industrial production requirement can be better met.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a heat treatment method of a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching piece comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine punching, plane grinding, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging, wherein the four heat treatment steps of spheroidizing annealing, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging are as follows:
the spheroidizing annealing is to put the workpiece into a heat treatment furnace to be heated to 745 +/-5 ℃, carry out long-time heat preservation for 30 hours, cool the workpiece to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and finally take the workpiece out for air cooling to room temperature, wherein the spheroidizing annealing can be pretreatment before cold deformation, can well reduce the hardness of the material and improve the toughness of the material, thereby improving the processing performance of the workpiece and avoiding tearing strips in the fine blanking process;
the quenching is to put the workpiece into a controllable atmosphere multipurpose furnace or a vacuum furnace to be heated to 870 +/-10 ℃, and then to be rapidly cooled in oil; the quenching can increase the hardness, the wear resistance and other properties of the workpiece, and the cooling in oil can effectively prevent the workpiece from deforming, cracking and other defects in the rapid cooling process;
the pre-tempering is to heat the mixture to 390 +/-10 ℃ in a tempering furnace with good sealing performance or an atmosphere protection tempering furnace, preserve the heat in the range for 120-150 min, and naturally cool the mixture in the air; tempering in the temperature range can obviously reduce the quenching stress, and due to creep aging, an oil press is adopted for strengthening pressure, pre-tempering is needed to be carried out firstly, so that the cracking phenomenon in the tempering process is prevented;
the creep aging is to load a workpiece into a creep aging fixture, pre-tighten a clamp pressing plate by an oil press through a pressing block, then tighten a locking disc, and perform creep aging in a tempering furnace with good sealing performance; the heating temperature of creep aging is 560 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-150 min, the hardness of the material reaches 28-35HRC required by the design, the material is rapidly cooled by wind with the wind speed of 17.2-25.8m/s after being discharged from the furnace, and the tempering brittleness is prevented from being generated on the basis of keeping the workpiece clean; and (4) after cooling, dispensing oil to lock the disc, then pre-tightening the clamp pressing plate by a pressing block through an oil press, unscrewing the locking disc, and taking out the formed workpiece.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine blanking, grinding a plane, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging: firstly, blanking to a size suitable for fine blanking; placing a thin steel plate in an iron can filled with scrap iron, putting the iron can into a common box furnace for heating and heat preservation for spheroidizing annealing, wherein the first stage of cooling is furnace cooling after heat preservation, and the second stage of cooling is air cooling; fine punching treatment of the steel sheet; grinding to the thickness required by the drawing; heating the workpiece in a controlled atmosphere multipurpose furnace or a vacuum furnace, and cooling in oil; pre-tempering the workpiece, and cooling in air; and (3) carrying out creep aging treatment on the workpiece, and rapidly cooling the workpiece in strong wind.
The heating temperature of quenching is 870 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60-90 min, the cooling mode is oil cooling, and the oil temperature is 60 +/-5 ℃.
The cooling mode of creep aging adopts wind with the wind speed of 17.2-25.8m/s for rapid cooling.
And the spheroidizing annealing is to place the workpiece to be processed in an iron tank filled with the scrap iron, and then the iron tank is placed in a common box furnace for heating and heat preservation to carry out the spheroidizing annealing.
The mode that the work piece was put into controllable atmosphere multi-purpose stove or vacuum furnace adopts the mode compartment of several work pieces with 1 wire netting to keep flat, prevents that great plane warp from appearing in the work piece when guaranteeing the hardenability.
The heat treatment furnace adopts a common box furnace with RX3-75-9 and no atmosphere protection function.
The spheroidizing annealing heating process does not need protective atmosphere, and the 30CrMnSiA material can be ensured not to be oxidized without protective atmosphere conditions.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. spheroidizing annealing treatment is carried out on the hot-rolled 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate, the annealing temperature is 745 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30 hours, the first stage of cooling is furnace cooling, the second stage of cooling is carried out in the temperature range of being less than or equal to 300 ℃, and the spheroidizing annealing aims at reducing the hardness of the material and improving the toughness of the material, so that the cutting processability of a workpiece is improved;
2. after fine blanking, grinding to the thickness required by a drawing, and then quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 870 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60-90 min, and the quenching can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of a workpiece, so that the method is suitable for the industrial production requirement of wear-resistant parts;
3. pre-tempering treatment, wherein the heating temperature is 390 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-150 min, the tempering within the temperature range can obviously reduce the quenching stress, and the creep aging causes the oil press to be adopted for pressure strengthening, so that pre-tempering is required firstly, and the cracking phenomenon in the tempering process is prevented;
4. creep aging treatment, wherein the heating temperature is 560 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-150 min, the hardness of the alloy reaches 28-35HRC required by the design, strong wind is used for cooling after discharging, and the tempering brittleness is prevented on the basis of keeping the cleanness of the workpiece;
in conclusion, the heat treatment process can realize mass production without configuring a professional production line, is simple to operate, greatly reduces the production cost, and the heat-treated 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate workpiece has excellent mechanical property and meets the requirement of industrial production performance indexes.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a 30CrMnSiA sheet steel fine blanking of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of charging a spheroidizing annealing process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the quenching and pre-tempering process charging;
FIG. 4 is a creep aging jig assembly drawing;
FIG. 5 is a product drawing of a 30CrMnSiA steel sheet workpiece;
FIG. 6 is a microstructure of a 30CrMnSiA steel sheet: (a) before spheroidizing, (b) after spheroidizing;
labeled as: 1-workpiece, 2-iron can, 3-scrap iron, 4-wire netting, 5-iron block, 31-hoisting ring, 32-connecting block, 33-locking disc, 34-pressing plate, 35-female die, 36-male die, 37-base, 38-sleeve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A heat treatment method of a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching piece comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine punching, plane grinding, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging, wherein the four heat treatment steps of spheroidizing annealing, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging are as follows:
the spheroidizing annealing is to place the workpiece 1 in a heat treatment furnace to be heated to 745 +/-5 ℃, carry out long-time heat preservation for 30 hours, cool the workpiece 1 to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and finally take the workpiece 1 out to be air-cooled to room temperature, wherein the spheroidizing annealing can be pretreatment before cold deformation, can well reduce the hardness of the material and improve the toughness of the material, thereby improving the processing performance of the workpiece 1 and avoiding tearing strips in the fine blanking process;
the quenching is to put the workpiece 1 into a controllable atmosphere multipurpose furnace or a vacuum furnace to be heated to 870 +/-10 ℃, and then to be rapidly cooled in oil; the quenching can increase the hardness, the wear resistance and other properties of the workpiece 1, and the cooling in oil can effectively prevent the workpiece 1 from deforming, cracking and other defects in the rapid cooling process;
the pre-tempering is to heat the mixture to 390 +/-10 ℃ in a tempering furnace with good sealing performance or an atmosphere protection tempering furnace, preserve the heat in the range for 120-150 min, and naturally cool the mixture in the air; tempering in the temperature range can obviously reduce the quenching stress, and due to creep aging, an oil press is adopted for strengthening pressure, pre-tempering is needed to be carried out firstly, so that the cracking phenomenon in the tempering process is prevented;
the creep aging is to load the workpiece 1 into a creep aging fixture, an oil press pre-tightens a fixture pressing plate 34 through a pressing block, then tightens a locking disc 33, and creep aging is carried out in a tempering furnace with better sealing performance; the heating temperature of creep aging is 560 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-150 min, the hardness of the material reaches 28-35HRC required by the design, the material is rapidly cooled by wind with the wind speed of 17.2-25.8m/s after being discharged from the furnace, and the tempering brittleness is prevented from being generated on the basis of keeping the workpiece 1 clean; after cooling, the locking disk 33 is oiled, the clamp pressing plate 34 is pre-tightened by a press block by an oil press, the locking disk 33 is unscrewed, and the formed workpiece 1 is taken out.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine blanking, grinding a plane, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging: firstly, blanking to a size suitable for fine blanking; placing a thin steel plate in an iron can 2 filled with scrap iron 3, placing the iron can 2 in a common box furnace for heating and heat preservation for spheroidizing annealing, wherein the first stage of cooling is furnace cooling after heat preservation, and the second stage of cooling is air cooling; fine punching treatment of the steel sheet; grinding to the thickness required by the drawing; putting the workpiece 1 into a controllable atmosphere multipurpose furnace or a vacuum furnace for heating, and cooling in oil; pre-tempering the workpiece 1, and cooling in air; and (3) carrying out creep aging treatment on the workpiece 1, and rapidly cooling in strong wind.
The heating temperature of quenching is 870 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60-90 min, the cooling mode is oil cooling, and the oil temperature is 60 +/-5 ℃.
The cooling mode of creep aging adopts wind with the wind speed of 10.8-13.8m/s for rapid cooling.
The spheroidizing annealing is to put the workpiece 1 to be processed in an iron tank 2 filled with the scrap iron 3, and then the iron tank 2 is put into a common box furnace for heating and heat preservation to carry out the spheroidizing annealing.
The mode that the workpiece 1 is arranged in the controllable atmosphere multipurpose furnace or the vacuum furnace adopts the mode that 5-10 workpieces 1 are added with 1 wire netting 4 to be horizontally placed in a compartment mode, the hardenability is ensured, and meanwhile, the workpiece 1 is prevented from generating large plane buckling deformation.
The heat treatment furnace adopts a common box furnace with RX3-75-9 and no atmosphere protection function.
The spheroidizing annealing heating process does not need protective atmosphere, and the 30CrMnSiA material can be ensured not to be oxidized without protective atmosphere conditions.
Examples of the present invention are given below.
Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, a heat treatment method of a fine punched piece of a 30CrMnSiA steel sheet comprises the following steps:
The carbon potential setting value of the multipurpose furnace is 0.30 percent, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum furnace is less than or equal to 5.0 multiplied by 10 < -1 > Pa.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all structural changes that can be made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A heat treatment method of a 30CrMnSiA thin steel plate fine punching piece comprises seven steps of blanking, spheroidizing annealing, fine punching, plane grinding, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging, and is characterized in that the four heat treatment steps of spheroidizing annealing, quenching, pre-tempering and creep aging comprise the following specific steps:
the spheroidizing annealing is to put the workpiece into a heat treatment furnace, heat the workpiece to 745 +/-5 ℃, carry out long-time heat preservation for 30 hours, cool the workpiece to less than or equal to 300 ℃ along with the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and finally take the workpiece out and cool the workpiece to room temperature in an air cooling mode;
the quenching is that the workpiece is put into a controllable atmosphere multipurpose furnace or a vacuum furnace to be heated to 870 +/-10 ℃, and then is rapidly cooled in oil;
the pre-tempering is to heat the mixture to 390 +/-10 ℃ in a tempering furnace with good sealing performance or an atmosphere protection tempering furnace, preserve the heat in the range for 120-150 min, and naturally cool the mixture in the air;
the creep aging is to load a workpiece into a creep aging fixture, pre-tighten a clamp pressing plate by an oil press through a pressing block, then tighten a locking disc, and perform creep aging in a tempering furnace with good sealing performance; heating temperature of creep aging is 560 +/-10 ℃, heat preservation time is 120-150 min, hardness of the material reaches 28-35HRC of design requirement, the material is rapidly cooled to room temperature by strong wind after being discharged from a furnace, oil is dispensed to a locking disc after being cooled, then an oil press is used for pre-tightening a clamp pressing plate through a pressing block, the locking disc is unscrewed, and a formed workpiece is taken out.
2. The heat treatment method of the fine punched piece of the 30CrMnSiA steel sheet according to the claim 1, characterized in that the heat preservation time of quenching is 60-90 min, the cooling mode is oil cooling, and the oil temperature is 60 +/-5 ℃.
3. The method for heat treatment of a 30CrMnSiA steel sheet fine blanking member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the creep aging cooling is carried out by rapid cooling with wind at a wind speed of 17.2-25.8 m/s.
4. The method for heat-treating a 30CrMnSiA steel sheet fine-punched piece according to claim 1, wherein the spheroidizing annealing is carried out by placing a workpiece to be processed in an iron can filled with scrap iron, and then placing the iron can in a common box furnace for heating and heat preservation.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the workpiece is loaded into a controlled atmosphere multi-purpose furnace or a vacuum furnace and is placed flat in compartments of several workpieces plus 1 wire.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment furnace is a conventional box furnace RX3-75-9 without atmosphere protection.
7. The method of heat-treating a fine punched 30CrMnSiA steel sheet as set forth in claim 1, wherein said spheroidizing annealing heating process does not require a protective atmosphere.
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| CN112481477B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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