CN112479295B - System and method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in flue - Google Patents
System and method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in flue Download PDFInfo
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- CN112479295B CN112479295B CN202011158285.3A CN202011158285A CN112479295B CN 112479295 B CN112479295 B CN 112479295B CN 202011158285 A CN202011158285 A CN 202011158285A CN 112479295 B CN112479295 B CN 112479295B
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- waste water
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in a flue, wherein the system comprises an air preheater, a flue, an electrostatic precipitator and a desulfurizing tower which are sequentially arranged along the flowing direction of flue gas; the desulfurization tower is connected with the triple box to obtain pretreated desulfurization wastewater; the air preheater is used for generating hot secondary air by utilizing flue gas waste heat; the flue is internally provided with a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly, and the triple box is communicated with the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly; the flue is internally provided with a first hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly which is transversely arranged at the bottom of the flue and is connected with the air preheater; the electrostatic dust collector is used for capturing crystalline salt formed after the desulfurization wastewater is dried and dust in flue gas. The invention has simple structure and convenient manufacture, can effectively improve the evaporation of the desulfurization waste water and the precipitation of crystalline salt, avoid the corrosion of the bottom of the flue and the electrostatic precipitator, save the cost and have high practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a system and a method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in a flue.
Background
The flue evaporation zero emission treatment is to pump and spray desulfurization wastewater into a high-temperature flue between an air preheater of a power plant and an electric dust collector, evaporate the wastewater after spray refinement by utilizing high-temperature flue gas, and capture solid matters remained after liquid drop evaporation by the electric dust collector. The zero-emission method of desulfurization wastewater has the advantages of simple process, simple equipment, low investment, small occupied area and the like, but the key point of the method is that the sprayed desulfurization wastewater needs to be completely evaporated before entering an electrostatic precipitator, and the flue gas temperature after evaporation is required to be higher than the acid dew point, otherwise, the flue gas temperature may corrode internal components such as electrode plates of the electrostatic precipitator. Part of the waste water droplets collide with the flue wall before complete evaporation, so that corrosion protection measures must be taken on the flue wall. If the evaporation amount of the desulfurization waste water is large, the temperature of the flue gas before entering the electrostatic precipitator is too low and is lower than the acid dew point of the flue gas, so that the corrosion to the internal components such as the electrode plates of the electrostatic precipitator is caused.
Research has shown that agglomeration (also known as curdling) of particulate clusters within the flue is one of the most common and critical events in the evolution of fine particulate matter. Coalescence refers to the process of binding two or more particles in a population of particles together by collisions of relative motion to form larger-sized particles. Spraying and dripping in the desulfurization waste water flue treatment system can accelerate the coalescence and evolution of particle groups in the dust-containing flue. Accelerating the drying of the crystallized salt prior to crystallization of the particles can effectively reduce agglomeration of the particles.
The interaction of the deposited layer at the bottom of the flue and the coalescence of the particles. It is found that the particle size in the flue increases due to coalescence, the deposition in the flue is mainly gravity deposition, and ash deposition phenomenon begins to occur in the flue along with the increase of the spraying amount. At present, the deposited ash in the flue is rarely treated correspondingly.
Research shows that the flow direction of the smoke in the electrostatic precipitator has great influence on the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator, the optimal design scheme is to enable the smoke to obliquely upwards enter the electrostatic precipitator, the traditional electrostatic precipitator is designed by arranging a plurality of rows of perforated airflow distribution plates at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator, and the pressure of the smoke is changed according to the different sizes of the holes of the airflow distribution plates, so that the flow direction of the smoke is changed. However, the method increases the resistance of the flue gas, and the holes of the airflow distribution plate are easily blocked by dust, so that the flow direction of the flue gas is changed, and the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is affected.
In conclusion, the current desulfurization wastewater zero emission system faces the phenomenon that desulfurization wastewater is incompletely evaporated, dust is easily deposited at the bottom of a flue, the electrostatic precipitator is easily corroded after the temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, an airflow distribution plate of the electrostatic precipitator is easily blocked by dust.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue, which at least solve the problems that liquid drops corrode the flue or ash is deposited at the bottom of the flue due to incomplete evaporation of desulfurization waste water drop in the flue at present, and meanwhile, the electrostatic precipitator is easy to corrode due to temperature reduction.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a system for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in a flue comprises an air preheater, a flue, an electrostatic precipitator and a desulfurization tower which are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas;
the desulfurization tower is connected with a triple box, and the triple box is used for preprocessing desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization tower to obtain preprocessed desulfurization wastewater;
the air preheater is used for generating hot secondary air by utilizing flue gas waste heat;
the flue is internally provided with a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly, and the triple box is communicated with the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly;
the flue is internally provided with a first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly which is transversely arranged at the bottom of the flue and is connected with the air preheater so as to inject the hot overgrate air upwards in the flue;
the electrostatic dust collector is used for capturing crystalline salt formed after the desulfurization wastewater is dried and dust in flue gas.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in the flue, preferably, a second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly connected with the air preheater and arranged at the tail part of the flue is further arranged in the flue, and a second hot air nozzle for injecting the hot secondary air obliquely upwards towards the electrostatic precipitator is arranged on the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly;
preferably, the injection direction of the second hot air nozzle is inclined upwards by an angle of 45 degrees;
preferably, the air preheater is further connected with a hot secondary air supply system to supply the hot secondary air generated by the air preheater to the first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly and the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in the flue, preferably, the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is further connected with a compressed air communicating pipeline, and the atomization mode of the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is compressed air airflow type atomization, high-pressure type atomization or rotary atomization;
preferably, the particle size of the liquid drops of the desulfurization wastewater atomized by the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly is 30-200 mu m.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue as described above, preferably, the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the flue and is fixed on the wall of the head of the flue, and the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly comprises a desulfurization waste water inlet pipeline, a desulfurization waste water header and a desulfurization waste water atomization tube group which are sequentially communicated;
the desulfurization waste water atomization tube group comprises a plurality of desulfurization waste water atomization pipelines, the desulfurization waste water atomization pipelines are arranged in parallel, and at least one atomization nozzle is arranged on the desulfurization waste water atomization pipeline along the length direction;
preferably, the spraying direction of the atomizing nozzle faces the flow direction of the flue gas.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue as described above, preferably, the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly includes a plurality of groups, and a plurality of groups of the desulfurization waste water atomization assemblies are arranged in parallel.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue as described above, preferably, the first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly includes a first hot overgrate air inlet pipe, a first hot overgrate air header and a first hot overgrate air injection pipe group which are sequentially communicated;
the first hot overgrate air jet pipe group comprises a plurality of first hot overgrate air jet pipes, the plurality of first hot overgrate air jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and at least one first hot air nozzle is arranged on the first hot overgrate air jet pipes along the length direction.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water using waste heat in a flue as described above, it is preferable that the injection direction of the first hot air nozzle be vertically upward.
In the system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue as described above, preferably, the second hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the flue and is fixed on the wall of the tail part of the flue, and the second hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly comprises a second hot overgrate air inlet pipeline, a second hot overgrate air header and a second hot overgrate air injection pipe group which are sequentially communicated;
the second hot overgrate air jet pipe group comprises a plurality of second hot overgrate air jet pipes, the second hot overgrate air jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and at least one second hot air nozzle is arranged on the second hot overgrate air jet pipe along the length direction.
A method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in a flue, comprising the following steps:
step one, desulfurization wastewater from a desulfurization tower after being treated by a triple box is atomized in a flue through a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly, and atomized liquid drop groups are driven to move forwards by flue gas at an outlet of an air preheater, and meanwhile, the air preheater exchanges heat to form hot secondary air;
step two, arranging a first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly at the position of generating crystalline salt after atomization, wherein hot secondary air generates vertical upward hot air jet flow through the first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly, so as to accelerate the drying and precipitation of the crystalline salt in the desulfurization wastewater and avoid the formation of a deposition layer of large-particle crystalline salt at the bottom of the flue;
and thirdly, arranging a second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly at the tail part of the flue, enabling hot overgrate air to pass through the second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly to generate hot air jet flow obliquely upwards towards the electrostatic precipitator, enabling mixed flue gas to enter the electrostatic precipitator to form oblique air flow, and capturing crystallized salt in the electrostatic precipitator.
In the method for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue as described above, preferably, the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the flue, a plurality of second hot air nozzles are arranged on the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, and the magnitudes of injection pressures of the plurality of second hot air nozzles are sequentially increased from top to bottom;
the method for evaporating the desulfurization wastewater by utilizing the waste heat in the flue is completed by adopting the system for evaporating the desulfurization wastewater by utilizing the waste heat in the flue.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
the invention ensures that the desulfurization waste water in the flue is evaporated fully before entering the electrostatic precipitator, avoids the corrosion of incomplete evaporation of the desulfurization waste water to the electrostatic precipitator, avoids the corrosion of wet crystalline salt scale with higher moisture content to the wall surface of the flue, integrates salt and metal wall surface, and avoids the continuous adhesion of crystalline salt which becomes a 'plate-like' shape and even the blockage of the flue;
the crystals generated in the evaporation process of the desulfurization wastewater in the flue are fully disturbed, so that the crystals are evaporated more thoroughly, large-particle crystals generated by coalescence are reduced, and meanwhile, a laminar boundary layer in the flue is also damaged, so that the ash deposition formed at the bottom of the flue due to the action of gravity of the crystals is reduced, and the flue is blocked;
at electrostatic precipitator entrance, the hot overgrate air promotes the flue gas and changes the flow direction of flue gas, makes the flue gas direction slope that gets into electrostatic precipitator upwards, reduces the secondary raise dust in the electrostatic precipitator, improves electrostatic precipitator's efficiency, improves simultaneously in the electrostatic precipitator flue gas temperature, and the compensation is because the flue gas temperature that desulfurization waste water evaporation arouses reduces to avoid the corruption of parts such as electrode plate in the electrostatic precipitator, saved the setting of air current distribution plate in the electrostatic precipitator, avoided the jam of air current distribution plate, guaranteed electrostatic precipitator safe efficient operation, also practiced thrift the cost simultaneously, improve the practicality of device.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a system for evaporating desulfurization waste water using waste heat in a flue according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the flue of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the first hot overjet duct assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the second hot overjet duct assembly of FIG. 1.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an air preheater, 1.1, a first control valve, 1.2, a second control valve, 2, an electrostatic precipitator, 3, a desulfurizing tower, 4, a triple box, 5, a desulfurizing wastewater atomization assembly, 5.1, a desulfurizing wastewater inlet pipeline, 5.2, a desulfurizing wastewater collecting box, 5.3, a desulfurizing wastewater atomization pipeline, 5.4, an atomization nozzle, 6, a first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, 6.1, a first hot secondary air inlet pipeline, 6.2, a first hot secondary air collecting box, 6.3, a first hot secondary air injection pipeline, 6.4, a first hot air nozzle, 7, a second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, 7.1, a second hot secondary air inlet pipeline, 7.2, a second hot secondary air collecting box, 7.3, a second hot secondary air injection pipeline, 7.4, a second hot air nozzle, 8, a flue, 9 and compressed air.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "coupled" and "connected" as used herein are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly coupled or detachably coupled; either directly or indirectly through intermediate components, the specific meaning of the terms being understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
According to the invention, the airflow flowing state in the flue 8 is changed at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 2, so that the evaporation of desulfurization waste water is quickened, the airflow in front of the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 2 is inclined upwards, and the flue gas forms inclined airflow in the electrostatic precipitator 2, so that secondary dust in the electrostatic precipitator 2 can be effectively reduced.
The invention considers the full extent of the evaporation of the desulfurization waste water in the flue 8 and the temperature of the flue gas when the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator 2, and also considers the problem of ash deposition at the bottom of the flue 8 before the flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator 2. After desulfurization waste water gets into flue 8, evaporate waste water spraying by flue gas residual temperature in flue 8, before spraying crystallization, add the hot overgrate air of higher temperature, further evaporate waste water spraying, the flow to the granule of crystallization is disturbed simultaneously, the laminar boundary layer of flue gas bottom has been destroyed, the crystallized salt of having avoided large granule forms the sedimentary floor in flue 8 bottom under the effect of gravity whereabouts, in electrostatic precipitator 2 entrance, hot overgrate air promotes the flue gas and changes the flow direction of flue gas, make the flue gas direction slope upward that gets into electrostatic precipitator 2, be favorable to electrostatic precipitator 2 efficiency's improvement. Meanwhile, the addition of the hot secondary air ensures that the temperature of the flue gas entering the electrostatic precipitator 2 is above the acid dew point, and internal components such as electrode plates of the electrostatic precipitator 2 are protected from corrosion.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for evaporating desulfurization waste water using waste heat in a flue, the system comprising an air preheater 1, a flue 8, an electrostatic precipitator 2 and a desulfurizing tower 3, which are sequentially disposed in a flue gas flowing direction.
The desulfurization tower 3 is connected with a triple box 4, and the triple box 4 is used for preprocessing desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization tower 3 to obtain preprocessed desulfurization wastewater.
The flue 8 is internally provided with a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly 5, and the triple box 4 is communicated with the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly 5.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly 5 is also connected with a compressed air communication pipeline, the compressed air communication pipeline is communicated with compressed air 9, and the atomization mode of the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly 5 is compressed air airflow type atomization, high-pressure type atomization or rotary atomization; the particle size of the droplets of the desulfurization waste water atomized by the desulfurization waste water atomizing assembly 5 is 30-200 μm (e.g., 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm, 180 μm). The compressed air communication pipeline is communicated with the gas phase inlet of the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly 5 through a gas pipeline.
The desulfurization waste water atomizing assembly 5 is perpendicular to the axis of the flue 8, and is fixed on the wall surface of the flue gas head pipeline between the air preheater 1 and the electrostatic precipitator 2, and the desulfurization waste water atomizing assembly 5 comprises a desulfurization waste water inlet pipeline 5.1, a desulfurization waste water collecting tank 5.2 and a desulfurization waste water atomizing pipe group which are sequentially communicated. The desulfurization wastewater header 5.2 is used for storing liquid.
The desulfurization waste water atomizing pipe group comprises a plurality of desulfurization waste water atomizing pipes 5.3 with the same shape, and the desulfurization waste water collecting box 5.2 is communicated with each desulfurization waste water atomizing pipe 5.3 and is used for balancing the pressure of each desulfurization waste water atomizing pipe 5.3, ensuring the same pressure and realizing the same atomizing effect. The desulfurization waste water atomizing pipes 5.3 are arranged in parallel, five desulfurization waste water atomizing pipes 5.3 are arranged in the embodiment, other embodiments can be provided with other quantity, the desulfurization waste water atomizing pipes 5.3 are provided with at least one atomizing nozzle 5.4 along the length direction, and the spraying direction of the atomizing nozzle 5.4 faces the flowing direction of the flue gas. The size and the shape of the atomizing nozzles 5.4 are selected according to the requirement, the desulfurization waste water atomizing assemblies 5 can be one or more layers, when the layers are arranged, the parallel dislocation sets are arranged between each layer, the desulfurization waste water atomizing assemblies 5 arranged in the layers are vertically arranged, the desulfurization waste water atomizing pipelines 5.3 in each layer are arranged in a dislocation mode, the atomizing nozzles 5.4 on the rear pipelines are prevented from being directly sprayed onto the front pipelines, and the spraying direction is the front. Each layer employs one or more atomizing nozzles 5.4 according to the actual evaporation amount, and the atomizing nozzles 5.4 in each layer are arranged in a regular arrangement or in an irregular arrangement.
The air preheater 1 is used for generating hot secondary air by utilizing the waste heat of flue gas.
The flue 8 is internally provided with a first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly 6, the first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly 6 is transversely arranged at the bottom of the flue 8 and is connected with the air preheater 1, the first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly 6 is used for injecting hot overgrate air upwards in the flue 8, and the desulfurization waste water after pretreatment is evaporated and dried under the action of flue gas and hot overgrate air to form crystalline salt, and the crystalline salt is captured in the electrostatic precipitator 2.
The flue 8 is also internally provided with a second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 7 which is connected with the air preheater 1 and is arranged at the tail part of the flue 8, and a second hot air nozzle 7.4 with an injection direction obliquely upwards facing the electrostatic precipitator 2 is arranged on the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly; preferably, the injection direction of the second hot air nozzle 7.4 is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees upwards.
The hot secondary air supply system is a blower connected with the air preheater, hot secondary air is supplied from air heated by the air preheater 1, the temperature of the hot secondary air is about 400 ℃, the hot secondary air is led out and bypassed into a flue 8 behind the air preheater 1, the hot secondary air is respectively led into the flue 8 in two ways and is divided into a hot secondary air inlet pipeline I and a hot secondary air inlet pipeline II, the air quantity entering the hot secondary air inlet pipeline I and the hot secondary air inlet pipeline II is respectively controlled by a first control valve 1.1 and a second control valve 1.2, the first control valve 1.1 controls the air quantity entering a first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly 6, and the second control valve 1.2 controls the air quantity entering a second hot secondary air jet pipe assembly 7.
The desulfurization wastewater from the desulfurization tower 3 which is treated by the three-header 4 is atomized in the flue 8 by the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly 5, the atomized liquid drop group moves forward under the driving of flue gas at the outlet of the air preheater 1, meanwhile, the gradual evaporation is carried out under the action of the heat of the flue gas, the crystallization salt starts to be separated out, the first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 6 is arranged at the position where the crystallization salt starts to be generated when the liquid drop group moves, the high-temperature hot secondary air is radially injected by the first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, the crystallization salt in the surrounding area of the first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 6 is accelerated by the hot secondary air injection injected by the first hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, the generated crystallization salt is further dried, and the crystallization salt particles lose water loss and contamination property.
In order to prevent large-particle crystalline salt from falling to the bottom of the flue 8 under the action of gravity to form a deposition layer, so that the flow speed of flue gas is influenced, hot secondary air is arranged along the direction of the flue 8, the jet direction of the hot secondary air is vertical upwards, the laminar boundary layer at the bottom of the flue gas is destroyed, and large-particle crystalline salt is prevented from falling to the bottom of the flue 8 under the action of gravity to form a deposition layer, so that the normal, stable and safe operation of the system is ensured. The crystallized salt in the flue gas is fully disturbed, heated and dried, and driven to move forward continuously under the combined action of the horizontal driving force of the flue gas and the vertical force of the hot secondary air, the hot secondary air is sprayed at an angle of 45 degrees obliquely upwards at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 2, the flue gas is obliquely upwards under the action of the upward oblique force, and the flue gas forms oblique air flow in the electrostatic precipitator 2, so that secondary dust in the electrostatic precipitator 2 can be effectively reduced.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly 6 comprises a first hot overgrate air inlet pipeline 6.1, a first hot overgrate air collecting box 6.2 and a first hot overgrate air injection pipe group which are communicated in sequence. The first hot overgrate air collection box 6.2 is used for storing gas, and the first hot overgrate air injection pipe group comprises a plurality of first hot overgrate air injection pipelines 6.3 with the same shape, and the first hot overgrate air collection box 6.2 is communicated with each first hot overgrate air injection pipeline 6.3 and is used for balancing the pressure of each first hot overgrate air injection pipeline 6.3, ensuring that the pressure is the same and realizing the same injection effect. In this embodiment, the number of the first hot overgrate air injection pipes 6.3 is five, and in other embodiments, the number of the first hot overgrate air injection pipes 6.3 may be other, and the first hot overgrate air injection pipes 6.3 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the flue 8 in a transverse direction, and the plurality of first hot overgrate air injection pipes 6.3 are arranged in parallel with each other, and at least one first hot air nozzle 6.4 is arranged along the length direction of the first hot overgrate air injection pipes 6.3; the jet direction of the first hot air jet nozzle 6.4 is vertically upward. The size and shape of the small holes at the joint of the nozzles are selected according to the requirement, so that the jet flow hot secondary air quantity and rigidity are regulated, and the first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly 6 can be arranged in one or more layers according to the condition, so that the moist surface of crystal particles generated by the evaporation and concentration of desulfurization waste water is in a completely dry state, and the flue gas is fully disturbed, so that the large-particle crystals cannot form dust accumulation at the bottom of the flue 8 due to gravity. The first hot secondary air jet pipe assemblies 6 arranged in multiple layers are arranged in parallel in a staggered mode, and the first hot secondary air inlet pipelines 6.1 in each layer are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the first hot air nozzles 6.4 on the rear pipelines are prevented from being directly sprayed onto the front pipelines.
Preferably, the first hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly 6 is arranged at the bottom of the flue 8 and is positioned below the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly so as to dry and evaporate desulfurization waste water liquid drops to the greatest extent. The first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly 6 is fixed on the pipe wall at the bottom of the flue 8, the axis of the first hot overgrate air inlet pipe 6.1 is vertical to the axis direction of the first hot overgrate air injection pipe 6.3, and the first hot overgrate air inlet pipe 6.1 is connected with the first hot overgrate air inlet pipe and is introduced with hot overgrate air.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly 7 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the flue 8 and is fixed on the tail pipe wall of the flue 8, and the second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly 7 comprises a second hot overgrate air inlet pipeline 7.1, a second hot overgrate air collecting box 7.2 and a second hot overgrate air jet pipe group which are communicated in sequence. The second hot overgrate air collection box 7.2 is used for storing gas, and the second hot overgrate air injection pipe group comprises a plurality of second hot overgrate air injection pipelines 7.3 with the same shape, and the second hot overgrate air collection box 7.2 is communicated with each second hot overgrate air injection pipeline 7.3 and is used for balancing the pressure of each second hot overgrate air injection pipeline 7.3, ensuring that the pressure is the same and realizing the same injection effect. In this embodiment, the number of the second hot secondary air injection pipes 7.3 is five, and in other embodiments, the number of the second hot secondary air injection pipes 7.3 may be other, and the plurality of second hot secondary air injection pipes 7.3 are parallel to each other, and at least one second hot air nozzle 7.4 is disposed along the length direction of the second hot secondary air injection pipes 7.3. Preferably, the second hot air nozzles 7.4 are provided in a plurality and uniformly distributed on the second hot secondary air injection duct 7.3. The magnitudes of the injection pressures of the plurality of second hot air nozzles 7.4 are sequentially increased from top to bottom. The axis of the second hot secondary air inlet pipeline 7.1 is vertically parallel to the axis direction of the second hot secondary air injection pipeline 7.3, so that the second hot secondary air inlet pipeline 7.1 is connected with the second hot secondary air inlet pipeline, and hot secondary air is introduced. The second hot secondary air jet pipe group is vertically arranged at the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator 2, the size and shape of the second hot air jet nozzle 7.4 or a small hole connected with the jet nozzle are selected according to the requirement, and the pressure is sequentially increased from top to bottom, so that the jet flow hot secondary air quantity and rigidity are regulated, and the scouring degree of flue gas on the upper flue 8 and the upper part of the electrostatic precipitator 2 is reduced. Thereby the direction slope is upwards when guaranteeing that the flue gas gets into electrostatic precipitator 2, reduces the secondary raise dust in the electrostatic precipitator 2, improves the flue gas temperature in the electrostatic precipitator 2, compensates because the flue gas temperature that desulfurization waste water evaporation arouses reduces to avoid the corruption of parts such as electrode plate in the electrostatic precipitator 2, saved the setting of air current distribution plate in the electrostatic precipitator 2, avoided the jam of air current distribution plate, guaranteed the safe efficient operation of electrostatic precipitator 2, also practiced thrift the cost simultaneously, improve the practicality of device. The second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 7 can adopt one layer or multiple layers according to the situation, the second hot secondary air injection pipe assemblies 7 arranged in multiple layers are arranged in parallel and staggered, and the second hot secondary air inlet pipeline 7.1 in each layer is arranged in staggered mode, so that the first hot air nozzles 6.4 on the rear pipeline are prevented from being directly injected onto the front pipeline.
The invention also provides a method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in the flue, which comprises the following steps:
step one, desulfurization wastewater from a desulfurization tower 3 which is treated by a three-header 4 is atomized in a flue 8 by a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly 5, atomized liquid drop groups are driven to move forwards by flue gas at an outlet of an air preheater 1, and meanwhile, the air preheater 1 exchanges heat to form hot secondary air;
step two, arranging a first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly 6 at the position of generating crystalline salt after atomization, wherein hot secondary air generates vertical upward hot air jet flow through the first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly 6, so as to accelerate the drying and precipitation of the crystalline salt in the desulfurization wastewater and avoid the formation of a deposition layer of large-particle crystalline salt at the bottom of a flue 8;
and thirdly, arranging a second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 7 at the tail part of the flue 8, enabling hot secondary air to generate hot air injection flow obliquely upwards towards the electrostatic precipitator 2 through the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly 7, enabling mixed flue gas to enter the electrostatic precipitator 2 to form oblique air flow, and reducing secondary dust in the electrostatic precipitator 2.
The system is an independent module which is formed by integrating a primary flue gas, a desulfurization waste water atomization assembly and a hot secondary air injection assembly to replace an original flue so as to complete the whole process of atomization evaporation and drying in the desulfurization waste water flue; or the desulfurization waste water atomization component and the hot secondary air injection component are additionally arranged on the original flue so as to finish the flue spray evaporation zero emission treatment.
The primary flue gas temperature is low, but the flue gas amount is large, so that the atomized desulfurization waste water is heated and vaporized in an integral jet flow manner, and salt in the desulfurization waste water is crystallized and separated out; the hot secondary air injection assembly ensures that atomized desulfurization waste water jet flow or liquid drop groups are quickly evaporated, cannot fall to the bottom of the flue under the action of gravity, avoids serious corrosion of desulfurization waste water in the flue, and can obviously improve the low-temperature flue gas temperature of the wall surface of the flue to accelerate the evaporation process; the surface of the crystallization salt is quickly evaporated and dried by the hot secondary air jet flow sprayed by the hot secondary air jet assembly, so that the crystallization salt is prevented from being adhered to the bottom of the flue under the action of gravity because the surface is moist and is increased, the wet crystallization salt scale with higher moisture content on the wall surface of the flue is caused to corrode, the salt and the metal wall surface are integrated, and the phenomenon that the crystallization salt which becomes a plate shape is continuously adhered to be long even blocks the flue is avoided.
In summary, the system and the method provided by the invention have the advantages that the adopted desulfurization waste water atomization assembly, the first hot secondary air injection assembly and the second hot secondary air injection assembly are simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, are arranged in the flue, and can effectively improve the evaporation of desulfurization waste water and the precipitation of crystalline salt by utilizing the combined action of the hot secondary air and the flue gas, avoid the corrosion of the bottom of the flue and the electrostatic precipitator, ensure the safe and efficient operation of the electrostatic precipitator, save the cost and have high practicability.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The system for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in the flue is characterized by comprising an air preheater, a flue, an electrostatic precipitator and a desulfurization tower which are sequentially arranged along the flue gas circulation direction;
the desulfurization tower is connected with a triple box, and the triple box is used for preprocessing desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization tower to obtain preprocessed desulfurization wastewater;
the air preheater is used for generating hot secondary air by utilizing flue gas waste heat;
the flue is internally provided with a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly, and the triple box is communicated with the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly;
the flue is internally provided with a first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly which is transversely arranged at the bottom of the flue and is connected with the air preheater so as to inject the hot overgrate air upwards in the flue; the flue is internally provided with a second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly which is connected with the air preheater and is arranged at the tail part of the flue, and the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly is provided with a second hot air nozzle which enables the hot secondary air to be injected towards the electrostatic dust collector obliquely upwards;
the electrostatic dust collector is used for capturing crystalline salt formed after the desulfurization wastewater is dried and dust in flue gas;
the air preheater is also connected with a hot overgrate air supply system for supplying the hot overgrate air generated by the air preheater to the first hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly and the second hot overgrate air injection pipe assembly;
the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is perpendicular to the axis of the flue and is fixed on the wall of the head part of the flue, and comprises a desulfurization waste water inlet pipeline, a desulfurization waste water header and a desulfurization waste water atomization tube group which are sequentially communicated;
the desulfurization waste water atomization tube group comprises a plurality of desulfurization waste water atomization pipelines, the desulfurization waste water atomization pipelines are arranged in parallel, and at least one atomization nozzle is arranged on the desulfurization waste water atomization pipeline along the length direction;
the spraying direction of the atomizing nozzle faces the flow direction of the flue gas;
the first hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly comprises a first hot overgrate air inlet pipeline, a first hot overgrate air collecting box and a first hot overgrate air jet pipe group which are sequentially communicated;
the first hot overgrate air jet pipe group comprises a plurality of first hot overgrate air jet pipes, the plurality of first hot overgrate air jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and at least one first hot air nozzle is arranged on the first hot overgrate air jet pipe in the length direction;
the jet direction of the first hot air nozzle is vertically upward;
the second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly is perpendicular to the axis of the flue and is fixed on the tail pipe wall of the flue, and comprises a second hot overgrate air inlet pipeline, a second hot overgrate air collecting box and a second hot overgrate air jet pipe group which are sequentially communicated;
the second hot overgrate air jet pipe group comprises a plurality of second hot overgrate air jet pipes, the second hot overgrate air jet pipes are arranged in parallel, and at least one second hot air nozzle is arranged on the second hot overgrate air jet pipe along the length direction.
2. The system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in flue according to claim 1, wherein the injection direction of the second hot air nozzle is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. The system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is further connected with a compressed air communication pipeline, and the atomization mode of the desulfurization waste water atomization assembly is compressed air airflow type atomization, pressure type atomization or rotary type atomization.
4. The system for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in a flue according to claim 3, wherein the droplet size of the desulfurization wastewater atomized by the desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly is 30-200 μm.
5. The system for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue according to claim 1, wherein said desulfurization waste water atomizing assemblies comprise a plurality of groups, and wherein said plurality of groups of desulfurization waste water atomizing assemblies are disposed in parallel.
6. A method for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in a flue is characterized in that,
the method for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in the flue is completed by adopting the system for evaporating desulfurization wastewater by utilizing waste heat in the flue according to any one of claims 1-5;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, desulfurization wastewater from a desulfurization tower after being treated by a triple box is atomized in a flue through a desulfurization wastewater atomization assembly, and atomized liquid drop groups are driven to move forwards by flue gas at an outlet of an air preheater, and meanwhile, the air preheater exchanges heat to form hot secondary air;
step two, arranging a first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly at the position of generating crystalline salt after atomization, wherein hot secondary air generates vertical upward hot air jet flow through the first hot secondary air jet pipe assembly, so as to accelerate the drying and precipitation of the crystalline salt in the desulfurization wastewater and avoid the formation of a deposition layer of large-particle crystalline salt at the bottom of the flue;
and thirdly, arranging a second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly at the tail part of the flue, enabling hot overgrate air to pass through the second hot overgrate air jet pipe assembly to generate hot air jet flow obliquely upwards towards the electrostatic precipitator, enabling mixed flue gas to enter the electrostatic precipitator to form oblique air flow, and capturing crystallized salt in the electrostatic precipitator.
7. The method for evaporating desulfurization waste water by utilizing waste heat in flue according to claim 6, wherein the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the flue, a plurality of second hot air nozzles are arranged on the second hot secondary air injection pipe assembly, and the magnitudes of injection pressures of the plurality of second hot air nozzles are sequentially increased from top to bottom.
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